CN111873407A - 3D printing method, 3D printing assembly and 3D printing platform used for same - Google Patents
3D printing method, 3D printing assembly and 3D printing platform used for same Download PDFInfo
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- CN111873407A CN111873407A CN202010730915.3A CN202010730915A CN111873407A CN 111873407 A CN111873407 A CN 111873407A CN 202010730915 A CN202010730915 A CN 202010730915A CN 111873407 A CN111873407 A CN 111873407A
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- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000000016 photochemical curing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000001723 curing Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 241001233242 Lontra Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003028 elevating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000013519 translation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010009 beating Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 239000011090 solid board Substances 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
- B29C64/106—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
- B26F—PERFORATING; PUNCHING; CUTTING-OUT; STAMPING-OUT; SEVERING BY MEANS OTHER THAN CUTTING
- B26F3/00—Severing by means other than cutting; Apparatus therefor
- B26F3/004—Severing by means other than cutting; Apparatus therefor by means of a fluid jet
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
- B29C64/188—Processes of additive manufacturing involving additional operations performed on the added layers, e.g. smoothing, grinding or thickness control
- B29C64/194—Processes of additive manufacturing involving additional operations performed on the added layers, e.g. smoothing, grinding or thickness control during lay-up
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a 3D printing method, a 3D printing assembly and a 3D printing platform used for the method, wherein the 3D printing method comprises the following steps: s1, collecting the three-dimensional model of the printing object layer by layer to form the sectional image information of a single-layer structure and storing the sectional image information; s2, uniformly coating the liquid light-cured material, and cooling to solidify; s3, spraying the liquid light-cured material at a high speed through a water jet head to form a water jet, and cutting the solid light-cured material to form a model surface; s4, transmitting ultraviolet rays according to the section image information to enable the light-cured material to be cured into an irreversible solid structure; s5, moving the bottom support plate in the printing platform downwards by a unit height; s6, uniformly coating the liquid photo-curing material, and cooling to solidify the liquid photo-curing material into a meltable solid photo-curing material; steps S3 to S5 are repeated until finishing of the print object is completed. The invention improves the processing precision and roughness of the product surface and reduces the influence of the step structure generated by lamination on the precision.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of 3D printing, and relates to a 3D printing method, a 3D printing assembly and a 3D printing platform used for the method.
Background
The 3D printing technology is a novel processing technology which is rapidly developed, and the mature process of 3D printing is that a three-dimensional light-cured forming method SLA and a digital light processing method DPL are adopted to irradiate a photosensitive liquid light-cured resin material, a printing head controlled by a numerical control device projects dot ultraviolet rays, the light-cured material is irradiated according to a designed layered pattern scanning path, a layer of light-cured material in a specific area on the light-cured material is excited by illumination to generate a chemical reaction to generate an irreversible curing effect, a solid structure of each layer is obtained, and the layers are overlapped, cured and fused from top to bottom or from bottom to top to form a printed product.
The 3D printing technology is mature, products with relatively good precision can be formed, however, the printing technology is still combined together based on a layered superposition mode, a step effect exists in layered manufacturing, the thickness of each layer is required to be thin if the required precision is guaranteed, the step with a certain thickness can be formed under a certain microscopic scale, the printing time can be greatly increased if the number of printing layers is increased, the step is necessarily obvious if the number of the printing layers is insufficient, if the surface of an object to be manufactured is in a circular arc or inclined plane structure, the precision deviation can be caused, and the roughness of the surface is not always required.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a 3D printing method, which aims to solve the technical problems that in the prior art, the surface of a printing target is of a circular arc or inclined surface structure, the prior art has a large number of printing layers and long printing time on the premise of ensuring better precision, and steps with certain thickness can still be formed under a certain microscopic scale, so that the achievable precision and roughness are limited.
The 3D printing method comprises the following steps:
s1, dividing the three-dimensional model of the printing object into N layers of single-layer structures, and collecting and storing Z-direction inclination of each point on the surface of the model in the single-layer structure and sectional image information of the single-layer structure;
s2, uniformly coating the liquid light-cured material on the printing platform to reach the thickness of a single-layer structure, and cooling to solidify the liquid light-cured material into a meltable solid light-cured material;
s3, spraying a liquid light-cured material at a high speed through a water jet head to form a water jet, and cutting the solid light-cured material by the water jet to form a model surface according to the single-layer printing information;
s4, transmitting ultraviolet rays according to the section image information to enable the light-cured material to be cured into an irreversible solid structure;
s5, moving a bottom supporting plate supporting the solid structure downwards in the printing platform by a unit height;
s6, uniformly coating the liquid photo-curing material on the previous layer of solid structure to reach the thickness of a single-layer structure, and cooling and solidifying the liquid photo-curing material into a meltable solid photo-curing material;
repeating steps S3 to S5 until finishing of the printed object;
and S7, heating the residual meltable solid photocuring material on the printing platform for recycling.
Preferably, in step S5, the bottom pallet descends to a certain depth to heat the meltable solid light-curing material at the lower part, so that the meltable solid light-curing material is melted into a liquid light-curing material for recycling, and the remaining solid light-curing material at the upper part after melting forms a cuttable solid layer, wherein the thickness of the cuttable solid layer is within the cutting thickness threshold value of the water knife, which can be precisely controlled.
Preferably, the 3D printing head and the water jet head are mounted on the same printing component, the 3D printing head vertically transmits the dot-shaped ultraviolet rays downwards, the Z-direction inclination is represented by a spherical coordinate r, θ,
the origin O corresponding to the spherical polar coordinate is the center of the region where the punctiform ultraviolet rays are projected in the single-layer structure, and the printing assembly rotates by taking the origin O as the center in the printing process
An inclination angle of the water jet head with respect to the Z direction is θ, r is a distance equal to a spout of the water jet head to the center of the area, and the water jet head is opened only when the surface of the printing object is cured in the step S3.
Preferably, in the step S3, the 3D print head intermittently moves along the contour of the mold surface in the single-layer structure, the water jet head ejects the liquid light curing material in synchronization with the movement of the 3D print head, the 3D print head transmits the dot-shaped ultraviolet rays after the movement is stopped, the distance of each movement of the 3D print head is not greater than the radius of the transmission range of the dot-shaped ultraviolet rays, and the point of acquiring the Z-direction slope in the step S1 coincides with the position of each stop of the 3D print head.
Preferably, the solid light-cured material is a low-hardness solid which can be cut by the water jet, and the hardness of the solid structure formed by the light-curing effect is greater than the hardness of the solid which can be cut by the water jet.
The invention also provides a 3D printing component used for the 3D printing method, which comprises a printing head sliding table arranged at the movable end of a printing head translation mechanism, a 3D printing head used for transmitting punctiform ultraviolet rays, an electric rotating shaft, a printing head mounting column, guide plates, angle adjusting arms, an arc sensor and a water knife spray head, wherein the water knife spray head is connected with a liquid storage tank for storing liquid photocuring materials through a pressurizing device, the 3D printing head is provided with an ultraviolet ray generator, the printing head mounting column is rotationally arranged below the printing head sliding table through the electric rotating shaft, the guide plates are respectively provided with an arc guide groove, the guide plates are vertically arranged and are fixedly connected with the printing head mounting column, the water knife spray head is arranged on the angle adjusting arm and faces the punctiform ultraviolet rays to cure the solid photocuring materials, and the tail end of the angle adjusting arm is fixedly provided with an arc pin in sliding fit with the arc guide grooves, the root of the angle adjusting arm is arranged on the printing head mounting column, and the radian sensor is arranged at the position of the arc guide groove for detecting the cambered surface pin.
Preferably, h/2 of the point ultraviolet rays above the projection center of the bottom of the solid light curing material is the center of the arc guide groove, h is the thickness of the single-layer structure, and the vertical distance between the upper edge and the lower edge of the cut model surface is not more than the diameter of the transmission range of the point ultraviolet rays.
The invention also provides a 3D printing platform used for the 3D printing method, which comprises a platform main body, a bearing plate and a bearing plate lifting mechanism, wherein a platform inner cavity for accommodating a finished product of a printing object is arranged in the platform main body, the bearing plate is installed in the platform inner cavity through the bearing plate lifting mechanism, the 3D printing platform also comprises a cooling device, a heat conducting groove and a heating device, the cooling device and the heating device are both installed in the platform main body, the heat conducting groove is arranged in the side wall of the platform inner cavity and surrounds the upper part of the platform inner cavity, the heat conducting groove is respectively connected to the cooling device and the heating device through a three-way reversing valve, and the heating device and the cooling device are both connected to a medium storage box for storing heat conducting media.
Preferably, the bearing plate includes otter board and real board, real board top surface be equipped with otter board matched with grid groove, the otter board is installed bearing plate elevating system's lift end, real board passes through telescopic machanism and installs the below of otter board, the otter board falls into during the grid groove, the otter board top surface with real board top surface forms smooth plane.
Preferably, the degree of depth of net groove is greater than the thickness of net plate, net tank bottom is inclined plane or cambered surface, net tank bottom is located the edge of real board is less than and is located real board center department, the net groove is in the edge of real board forms the flowing back notch, the lateral wall inboard of platform inner chamber is equipped with a plurality of vertical recesses that correspond each flowing back notch, vertical recess intercommunication the recovery mouth of platform inner chamber bottom, recovery mouth intercommunication solidified material accumulator.
The invention has the following advantages: by utilizing the printing method provided by the invention, because the surface part of the single-layer structure analyzes the similar bevel angle according to the bevel inclination or the arc of the cambered surface at the corresponding position of the three-dimensional model, the surface part is subjected to water jet cutting before photocuring operation, so that the step vertical face of the single-layer structure is cut into the bevel close to the surface of the three-dimensional model, and the surface precision and the roughness of the produced product are greatly improved. Therefore, even the thickness of the single-layer structure can be increased, the requirements on the manufacturing precision and the roughness of the product can be met, and the printing time can be effectively reduced due to the reduction of the number of processing layers.
Because the cutting is only suitable for the solid structure, the liquid photocuring material before cutting is cooled and solidified through the 3D printing platform, so that the water jet cutting can be realized, the liquid photocuring material is used as the water jet material, the phenomenon that impurities are mixed in the photocuring material to influence the curing effect is avoided, the printing platform melts the solid photocuring material at the lower part through the heating pipe, the phenomenon that the water jet cutting effect is influenced due to overlarge thickness is avoided, and the phenomenon that the solidified curing structure is impacted by the water jet to cause product damage is avoided.
Because the hardness of the solid light-cured material solidified by cooling is greatly less than that of a solid structure generated by light excitation, if the light curing of the edge part is synchronously carried out in the cutting process, the deformation of the edge part caused by insufficient hardness after cutting can be effectively prevented. The structure of the 3D printing assembly enables the jetting direction of the water jet cutter to be changed according to the movement of the 3D printing head, so that the cutting effect on each point is ensured to be the same as the design effect of the step S1, and finally, the accurate cutting and curing molding of the surface of the three-dimensional model are realized.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a 3D printing assembly according to the present invention in use.
Fig. 2 is a partially enlarged view of a portion of the structure shown in fig. 1, to which a dotted ultraviolet ray is projected, in which an arrow indicates a direction of the ultraviolet ray projection.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the water jet direction in a spherical coordinate system, wherein an arrow represents the water jet direction, and an arc line segment represents a curve on a collection point of the side surface of the single-layer structure.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a 3D printing platform according to the present invention.
Figure 5 is a partial cross-sectional view of the support plate of the configuration shown in figure 4.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a 3D printing platform piping system according to the present invention.
The labels in the figures are: 1. print head slip table, 2, electronic pivot, 3, print head erection column, 4, angle modulation arm, 5, baffle, 6, arc guide slot, 7, cambered surface round pin, 8, water jet head, 9, 3D print head, 10, punctiform ultraviolet ray, 11, solid light cured material, 12, otter board, 13, solid board, 14, telescopic machanism, 15, vertical recess, 16, heat-conducting groove, 17, heating tank, 18, cooling device, 19, heating device, 20, bearing board elevating system, 21, platform main part, 22, grid groove, 23, tee bend switching-over valve, 24, medium storage tank, 25, heat insulating board.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention will be given in order to provide those skilled in the art with a more complete, accurate and thorough understanding of the inventive concept and technical solutions of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the present invention provides a 3D printing method, including the steps of: and S1, dividing the three-dimensional model of the printing object into N single-layer structures, collecting Z-direction slopes of all points on the surface of the model in the single-layer structure, and combining the sectional image information of the single-layer structure with the corresponding Z-direction slopes of all points to form N groups of single-layer printing information for storage. Wherein the Z-direction slope is a slope for the surface of the printing object, and the slopes are equal, and the slope is an arc for the surface of the printing object, as shown in fig. 3, wherein the arrow indicates the water jet direction, and the arc line segment indicates the curve on the collection point of the single-layer structure side surface. This allows the surface to be further processed by grinding or the like if greater precision is required.
And S2, uniformly coating the liquid light-cured material on the printing platform to reach the thickness of a single-layer structure, and cooling to solidify the liquid light-cured material into the meltable solid light-cured material 11. The solid light-cured material 11 is a low-hardness solid which can be cut by the water jet, and the hardness of the solid structure formed by the light-curing effect is greater than the hardness of the solid which can be cut by the water jet.
And S3, spraying the liquid light-cured material at a high speed through the water jet nozzle 8 to form a water jet, and cutting the solid light-cured material 11 to form the model surface along the contour track of the model surface with the corresponding single-layer structure by the water jet according to the single-layer printing information.
The 3D printing head 9 and the water jet head 8 are mounted on the same printing component, the 3D printing head 9 vertically transmits the dot-shaped ultraviolet rays 10 downwards, the Z-direction inclination is represented by a spherical coordinate r, theta,
the origin O corresponding to the spherical polar coordinate is the center of the region where the punctiform ultraviolet rays 10 are projected in the single-layer structure, and the printing component rotates by taking the origin O as the center in the printing process
An inclination angle of the water jet head 8 with respect to the Z direction is θ, r is a fixed value equal to a distance from a nozzle of the water jet head 8 to the center of the area, and the water jet head 8 is opened only when the surface of the printing object is cured in the step S3.
The 3D printing head 9 intermittently moves along the contour of the model surface in the single-layer structure, the water jet head 8 synchronously ejects the liquid light-cured material along with the movement of the 3D printing head 9, the 3D printing head 9 transmits the dot-shaped ultraviolet rays 10 after the movement is stopped, the distance of each movement of the 3D printing head 9 is not more than the radius of the transmission range of the dot-shaped ultraviolet rays 10, and the point of acquiring the Z-direction slope in the step S1 coincides with the position of each stay of the 3D printing head 9.
And S4, transmitting ultraviolet rays according to the section image information to enable the light-cured material to generate chemical change to form an irreversible solid structure.
And S5, moving the bottom support plate supporting the solid structure downwards by a unit height in the printing platform, wherein the unit height is the thickness of the single-layer structure.
The bottom supporting plate is lowered to a certain depth to heat the meltable solid light-curing material 11 at the lower part, so that the meltable solid light-curing material 11 is melted into a liquid light-curing material to be recovered, the molten solid light-curing material 11 at the upper part forms a cuttable solid layer, and the thickness of the cuttable solid layer is within the cutting thickness threshold value of the water jet cutter, which can be precisely controlled.
And S6, uniformly coating the liquid light-cured material on the previous layer of solid structure to reach the thickness of a single-layer structure, filling a cut seam generated by cutting with a water jet, and cooling and solidifying the cut seam to form the meltable solid light-cured material 11.
Steps S3 to S5 are repeated until finishing of the print object is completed.
And S7, heating the remaining meltable solid photocuring material 11 on the printing platform, melting the material into a liquid photocuring material, and then discharging and recycling the material from the printing platform.
The part of the printing object not belonging to the model surface in the cross-sectional image information may be cured by the 3D print head 9 or by the ultraviolet rays transmitted by the DMD drive module. The latter is faster for surface projection forming but has limited available part size. In addition, although the circumferential side of the solid light-curing material 11 is adapted to the cross section of the platform inner cavity of the 3D printing platform, so that a certain supporting and positioning effect can be provided, the water jet strikes the formed solid structure, which still easily causes the unformed part to shake and shift, so that the method is suitable for processing the situation that the water jet cannot be projected to the lower formed part, and if the outer structure is a part which is easily impacted by the water jet, the existing light-curing method is still adopted to perform 3D printing, and the thickness of the single-layer structure of the part needs to be reduced to meet the roughness requirement of the printing target.
The 3D printing assembly used in the method comprises a printing head sliding table 1 arranged at the movable end of a printing head translation mechanism, a 3D printing head 9 used for transmitting punctiform ultraviolet rays 10, an electric rotating shaft 2, a printing head mounting column 3, a guide plate 5, an angle adjusting arm 4, an radian sensor and a water jet head 8, wherein the water jet head 8 is connected with a liquid storage tank for storing liquid photocuring materials through a pressurizing device, the 3D printing head 9 is provided with an ultraviolet ray generator, the printing head mounting column 3 is rotatably arranged below the printing head sliding table 1 through the electric rotating shaft 2, the guide plate 5 is provided with an arc guide groove 6, the guide plate 5 is vertically arranged and is fixedly connected with the printing head mounting column 3, the water jet head 8 is arranged on the angle adjusting arm 4 and faces the position of the punctiform ultraviolet rays 10 for curing the solid photocuring materials 11, the end of the angle adjusting arm 4 is fixed with an arc pin 7 in sliding fit with the arc guide groove 6, the root of the angle adjusting arm 4 is installed on the printing head mounting column 3, and the arc sensor is installed at the arc guide groove 6 to detect the position of the arc pin 7.
The point ultraviolet rays 10 are arranged at the center h/2 above the projection center of the bottom of the solid light curing material 11 and are the circle centers of the arc guide grooves 6, h is the thickness of a single-layer structure, and the vertical distance between the upper edge and the lower edge of the cut model surface is not more than the diameter of the transmission range of the point ultraviolet rays 10.
The 3D printing platform used in the method comprises a platform main body 21, a supporting plate and a supporting plate lifting mechanism 20, wherein a platform inner cavity for accommodating a finished product of a printing object is arranged in the platform main body 21, the supporting plate is installed in the platform inner cavity through the supporting plate lifting mechanism 20, the 3D printing platform further comprises a cooling device 18, a heat conducting groove 16 and a heating device 19, the cooling device 18 and the heating device 19 are installed in the platform main body 21, the heat conducting groove 16 is arranged in the side wall of the platform inner cavity and surrounds the upper portion of the platform inner cavity, the heat conducting groove 16 is connected to the cooling device 18 and the heating device 19 through a three-way reversing valve 23, and the heating device 19 and the cooling device 18 are connected to a medium storage box 24 for storing heat conducting media.
The bearing plate comprises a net plate 12 and a solid plate 13, wherein the top surface of the solid plate 13 is provided with a grid groove 22 matched with the net plate 12, the net plate 12 is arranged at the lifting end of a bearing plate lifting mechanism 20, the solid plate 13 is arranged below the net plate 12 through a telescopic mechanism 14, the net plate 12 falls into the grid groove 22, and the top surface of the net plate 12 and the top surface of the solid plate 13 form a flat plane.
The lower part of the side wall of the platform inner cavity is further provided with a heating groove 17 in a surrounding mode, a liquid outlet of the heating device 19 is respectively connected with the heat conducting groove 16 and the heating groove 17 through a three-way reversing valve 23, and a heat insulating plate 25 is arranged between the heating groove 17 and the heat conducting groove 16.
The degree of depth of grid groove 22 is greater than the thickness of otter board 12, grid groove 22 bottom is inclined plane or cambered surface, grid groove 22 bottom is located the edge of real board 13 is less than and is located real board 13 center department, grid groove 22 is in the edge of real board 13 forms the flowing back notch, the lateral wall inboard of platform inner chamber is equipped with a plurality of vertical recesses 15 that correspond each flowing back notch, vertical recess 15 intercommunication the recovery mouth of platform inner chamber bottom, recovery mouth intercommunication solidified material accumulator.
The invention is described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is obvious that the specific implementation of the invention is not limited by the above-mentioned manner, and it is within the scope of the invention to adopt various insubstantial modifications of the inventive concept and solution of the invention, or to apply the inventive concept and solution directly to other applications without modification.
Claims (10)
1. A3D printing method is characterized in that: comprises the following steps:
s1, dividing the three-dimensional model of the printing object into N layers of single-layer structures, and collecting and storing Z-direction inclination of each point on the surface of the model in the single-layer structure and sectional image information of the single-layer structure;
s2, uniformly coating the liquid light-cured material on the printing platform to reach the thickness of a single-layer structure, and cooling to solidify the liquid light-cured material into a meltable solid light-cured material (11);
s3, spraying a liquid light-cured material at a high speed through a water jet head (8) to form a water jet, and cutting the solid light-cured material (11) by the water jet according to the single-layer printing information to form a model surface;
s4, transmitting ultraviolet rays according to the section image information to enable the light-cured material to be cured into an irreversible solid structure;
s5, moving a bottom supporting plate supporting the solid structure downwards in the printing platform by a unit height;
s6, uniformly coating the liquid light-cured material on the previous layer of solid structure to reach the thickness of a single-layer structure, and cooling and solidifying the liquid light-cured material into a meltable solid light-cured material (11);
repeating steps S3 to S5 until finishing of the printed object;
and S7, heating the residual meltable solid photocuring material (11) on the printing platform for recycling.
2. A 3D printing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step S5, the bottom plate is lowered to a certain depth to heat the meltable solid light-curing material (11) at the lower part, so that the meltable solid light-curing material is melted into a liquid light-curing material for recycling, and the remaining solid light-curing material (11) at the upper part after melting forms a cuttable solid layer, wherein the thickness of the cuttable solid layer is within the cutting thickness threshold value of the water jet knife, which can be precisely controlled.
3. A 3D printing method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the 3D printing head (9) and the water jet head (8) are arranged on the same printing component, the 3D printing head (9) vertically downwards transmits punctiform ultraviolet rays (10), and the Z-direction inclination is expressed by a spherical coordinate
The origin O corresponding to the spherical polar coordinate is the center of the region where the punctiform ultraviolet rays (10) are projected in the single-layer structure, and the printing component rotates by taking the origin O as the center in the printing process
The inclined angle of the water jet nozzle (8) relative to the Z direction is theta, and r is a fixed value equal to the spray of the water jet nozzle (8)A distance from the opening to the center of the area, the water jet head (8) being turned on only when the surface of the printing object is cured in the step S3.
4. A 3D printing method according to claim 3, characterized in that: in the step S3, the 3D print head (9) intermittently moves along the contour of the mold surface in the single-layer structure, the water jet head (8) ejects the liquid photo-curing material in synchronization with the movement of the 3D print head (9), the 3D print head (9) transmits the dot-shaped ultraviolet ray (10) after the movement is stopped, the distance of each movement of the 3D print head (9) is not greater than the radius of the transmission range of the dot-shaped ultraviolet ray (10), and the point of acquiring the Z-direction slope in the step S1 coincides with the position of each stop of the 3D print head (9).
5. The 3D printing method according to claim 4, wherein: the solid light-cured material (11) is a low-hardness solid which can be cut by the water jet, and the hardness of the solid structure formed by the light-curing effect is greater than the hardness of the solid which can be cut by the water jet.
6. The utility model provides a 3D printing assembly, is including installing at the printer head slip table (1) of beating printer head translation mechanism expansion end and being used for transmitting 3D printer head (9) of punctiform ultraviolet ray (10), its characterized in that: still include electronic pivot (2), beat printer head erection column (3), baffle (5), angle modulation arm (4), radian sensor and water sword shower nozzle (8), water sword shower nozzle (8) are connected through pressure device and are stored the reservoir of liquid light-cured material, 3D beats printer head (9) and is equipped with ultraviolet generator, beat printer head erection column (3) and pass through electronic pivot (2) rotate to be installed beat below printer head slip table (1), baffle (5) all are equipped with arc guide slot (6), baffle (5) vertical setting and with beat printer head erection column (3) fixed connection, water sword shower nozzle (8) are installed on angle modulation arm (4) and towards punctiform ultraviolet ray (10) solidification the position of solid-state light-cured material (11), the end of angle modulation arm (4) be fixed with arc guide slot (6) sliding fit's cambered surface round pin (7), the root of the angle adjusting arm (4) is installed on the printing head mounting column (3), and the radian sensor is installed at the arc-shaped guide groove (6) to detect the position of the arc-shaped pin (7).
7. A3D printing assembly according to claim 6, wherein: the point ultraviolet rays (10) are arranged at the center h/2 above the projection center of the bottom of the solid light curing material (11) and are the circle centers of the arc guide grooves (6), h is the thickness of a single-layer structure, and the vertical distance between the upper edge and the lower edge of the cut model surface is not more than the diameter of the transmission range of the point ultraviolet rays (10).
8. The utility model provides a 3D print platform, includes platform main part (21), bearing board and bearing board elevating system (20), be equipped with the off-the-shelf platform inner chamber that holds the printing object in platform main part (21), the bearing board passes through bearing board elevating system (20) are installed in the platform inner chamber, its characterized in that: the heat-conducting type heat-conducting platform is characterized by further comprising a cooling device (18), a heat-conducting groove (16) and a heating device (19), wherein the cooling device (18) and the heating device (19) are installed in the platform main body (21), the heat-conducting groove (16) is arranged in the side wall of the inner cavity of the platform and surrounds the upper portion of the inner cavity of the platform, the heat-conducting groove (16) is connected to the cooling device (18) and the heating device (19) through a three-way reversing valve (23), and the heating device (19) and the cooling device (18) are connected to a medium storage box (24) for storing heat-conducting media.
9. A 3D printing platform according to claim 8, wherein: the bearing plate comprises a mesh plate (12) and a solid plate (13), wherein the top surface of the solid plate (13) is provided with a mesh groove (22) matched with the mesh plate (12), the mesh plate (12) is installed at the lifting end of a bearing plate lifting mechanism (20), the solid plate (13) is installed below the mesh plate (12) through a telescopic mechanism (14), the mesh plate (12) falls into the mesh groove (22), the top surface of the mesh plate (12) and the top surface of the solid plate (13) form a flat plane.
10. A 3D printing platform according to claim 8, wherein: the degree of depth of grid groove (22) is greater than the thickness of otter board (12), grid groove (22) bottom is inclined plane or cambered surface, grid groove (22) bottom is located the edge of real board (13) is less than and is located real board (13) center department, grid groove (22) are in the edge of real board (13) forms the flowing back notch, the lateral wall inboard of platform inner chamber is equipped with a plurality of vertical recess (15) that correspond each flowing back notch, vertical recess (15) intercommunication the recovery mouth of platform inner chamber bottom, retrieve a mouthful intercommunication solidified material accumulator.
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