CN111872639A

CN111872639A - Compressor disc and drum combination preparation method

Info

Publication number: CN111872639A
Application number: CN202010733522.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王思慧; 胡峰; 窦爱国; 冯剑; 张宁
Original assignee: Wuxi Runhe Machinery Co ltd
Current assignee: Wuxi Runhe Machinery Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-07-27
Filing date: 2020-07-27
Publication date: 2020-11-03

Abstract

A method for preparing a compressor drum by welding a plurality of wheel discs is characterized in that each wheel disc is turned, each wheel disc comprises a wheel rim, a comb tooth, a radial plate, a cavity wall and a radial plate in the middle of the wheel rim, the center of the radial plate is provided with a hole, the radial plate is a flat plate, and the thickness of the radial plate is larger than that of the cavity wall; two sides of the outer edge of the wheel disc are welded annular surfaces; firstly, welding the wheel disc positioned in the center of the disc drum by using electron beams, namely welding two adjacent welded annular surfaces of the adjacent wheel discs, wherein the inner edge of one welded annular surface is provided with a convex ring, and the convex ring and the connected welded annular surfaces form a step-shaped clamp for supporting the welded annular surface of the adjacent wheel disc; after welding, the convex ring forms an annular lock bottom in the cavity wall and is removed by turning by extending into a tool.

Description

Compressor disc and drum combination preparation method

Technical Field

The invention relates to a method for preparing a combination of a compressor disk drum, a cutter comprising an inner cavity lock bottom turning function and a method. Namely a special tool and a machining method for turning, welding and locking bottom machining of a multi-stage wheel disc connected with a disc drum at an air inlet end and an air outlet end in a disc drum of an air compressor.

Background

In the compressor disk drum (for example, five disks are welded together in parallel), each disk structure comprises a rim 3, a comb tooth 2, a radial plate 9-2, a cavity wall (partition plate) 9-3 and the like, and the center of the disk structure is provided with an opening. The structure of the compressor disk drum assembly is prepared as shown in figure 1 through electron beam welding, namely 5 disks are welded and assembled in parallel, and 4 electron beam welding seams are used for welding adjacent disks into a whole. The inner holes a1 and B1 of adjacent wheel discs and the facing datum A, B of the hub drum end face are not more than 0.1. Although electron beam welding is a relatively precise welding technology, it is still very important to ensure welding firmness and smoothness and to ensure precision after welding; how to achieve the technical requirements for preparing the product is a difficult task.

The electron beam welding is to bombard the welding surface in vacuum or non-vacuum with accelerated and focused electron beam to melt the workpiece to be welded for welding. The electron beam welding has the advantages of no need of welding rods, difficult oxidation, good process repeatability and small thermal deformation, and is widely applied to various industries such as aerospace, atomic energy, national defense, military industry, automobiles, electrical and electronic instruments and the like. The basic principle of electron beam welding is that the cathode in the electron gun emits electrons due to direct or indirect heating, the electrons can form an electron beam with extremely high energy density under the acceleration of a high-voltage electrostatic field and the focusing of an electromagnetic field, the electron beam is used for bombarding a workpiece, and huge kinetic energy is converted into heat energy to melt the workpiece at the welding position to form a molten pool, so that the workpiece is welded; the firmness of the welding precision is very ideal, and the welding technology is mastered in China. However, the welding requires a high level of tooling and fixtures, particularly small size and high precision, because the welding is performed in a vacuum chamber.

Because the disk drum subassembly has 4 welding seams in total, easy deformation after the welding, therefore the hole of dish and hub drum terminal surface are not to the benchmark A, B beat no more than 0.1 difficult assurance. And the drum barrel component is a high-speed rotating rotor component, and the radial and end face runout can cause the vibration of the engine and the unstable operation. Therefore, in order to ensure that the inner hole and the end face of the hub drum jump to the reference A, B, all stages of discs need to be self-centered during assembling before welding, and the turning method is beneficial to preparing a high-precision product by the method.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a method for manufacturing a compressor disk drum, in particular to a method suitable for electron beam welding of different numbers of wheel disks (generally 2 to 9 disks are welded in parallel to form the compressor disk drum), and a machining method and a cutter design of a lock bottom are designed to ensure welding quality (figure 6). Providing a method for preparing a compressor disk drum by welding a plurality of wheel disks, and a method and a cutter for preparing the compressor disk drum and turning the inner cavity lock bottom of the compressor disk drum in a combined manner; the method comprises a multistage wheel disc of a wheel disc of which the middle end part of a compressor disc drum is connected with an air inlet end and an air outlet end, and also comprises a special cutter and a processing method for designing and manufacturing a lock bottom with welding protection and removing the lock bottom.

The technical scheme of the invention is that the method for preparing the compressor drum by welding a plurality of wheel discs is characterized in that each wheel disc is turned firstly, each wheel disc comprises a wheel rim, a comb tooth, a radial plate, a cavity wall and a radial plate in the middle of the wheel rim, the center of the radial plate is provided with a hole, the radial plate is a flat plate, and the thickness of the radial plate is greater than that of the cavity wall; two sides of the outer edge of the wheel disc are welded annular surfaces; firstly, welding wheel discs distributed in the center of a disc drum by using electron beams, namely welding two adjacent welded annular surfaces of the adjacent wheel discs, wherein the inner edge of one welded annular surface is provided with a convex ring, and the convex ring and the connected welded annular surfaces form a step-shaped clamp for supporting the welded annular surface of the adjacent wheel disc; after welding, the convex ring forms an annular lock bottom in the cavity wall, and the annular lock bottom is removed by turning by extending a tool; then, the wheel discs at the left end and the right end are respectively welded with the adjacent welding annular surfaces of the discs, and the outer edge of the wheel disc is provided with an air inlet and outlet which is provided with a horn-shaped inner cavity and is turned by an extending-in type cutter.

After two discs on the edge of the disc drum assembly are welded (forming a compressor disc drum, 5 wheel discs or more, and 5 wheel discs with serial numbers from fifth disc to ninth disc), the electron beams are welded together, the middle wheel disc is welded in advance in an electron beam mode, and the middle wheel disc is removed by turning by extending-in type cutters;

further, when the drum assembly is composed of 5 discs, the central three discs are welded firstly, 2 welding seams exist after the welding of the three discs of the sixth, seventh and eighth-stage discs, the middle sixth-stage disc, the seventh-stage disc and the eighth-stage disc are welded in an electron beam mode (two welding seams generate corresponding lock bottoms 1-2 and 1-3), the distances from the lock bottoms 1-2 and 1-3 to two ends are relatively small after welding, the cutter bar length requirement for a special cutter is short, and the cutter is not easy to shake during machining.

After the sixth-eighth-stage discs are welded, as the lock bottom is a process protection boss used for assisting electron beam welding, the final product is not needed, the lock bottom 1-2 and the lock bottom 1-3 are turned off, and rabbets at two ends of the sixth stage and the eighth stage are turned out; and wheel discs at the left end and the right end of the support of the rabbets at the two ends, namely a fifth-stage disc and a ninth-stage disc, are subjected to electronic welding. Welding a fifth-stage disc and a sixth-stage disc to form a strong closed inner cavity and a lock bottom 1-1, welding the sixth-stage disc and a seventh-stage disc to form a lock bottom 1-2, welding an eighth-stage disc of the seventh-stage disc to form a lock bottom 1-3, and so on, welding the eighth-stage disc and a ninth-stage disc to form a lock bottom 1-4, wherein 4 lock bottoms are provided in total, and the 4 lock bottoms are all positioned in the closed inner cavity; the 4 lock bottoms are required to be machined and removed after welding, and the conventional cutter cannot machine the lock bottoms due to the limitation of the depth of the inner cavity and the opening distance between the radial plates on the advancing and retreating of the cutter. The invention adopts a tool of an extension-type vertical rod, and the tool is extended into a closed inner cavity by the extension-type tool for turning and removing.

Corresponding to four protective lock bottoms (as shown in figure 1), because the structures of the front and rear fifth-stage disks and the ninth-stage disk are provided with hub drum parts with certain lengths in the axial direction, the lock bottoms 1-2 and the lock bottoms 1-3 are extremely difficult to process, because the turning of the lock bottom cutter bar at the two positions is long, the cutter is easy to vibrate during processing, and the cutter bar is too long and is difficult to be pre-installed in an inner cavity, the distance from the lock bottom 1-2 and the lock bottom 1-3 of the middle disk to flange surfaces at two ends is large, the middle disk is firstly welded and turned, and the lock bottom 1-1 and the lock bottom 1-4 are turned after electron beam welding.

The same applies to compressor disk drum assemblies for more than 5 disks. The size of the wheel disc positioned in the center is narrowed, the wheel disc is firstly subjected to electron beam welding under an axial clamp under the fixation and protection of a lock bottom, and finally the wheel disc with air inlets and air outlets at two ends is welded to prepare the compressor disc drum and a method and a cutter for turning the lock bottom of the inner cavity of the compressor disc drum in a combined mode; the method comprises a multistage wheel disc of a wheel disc of which the middle end part of a compressor disc drum is connected with an air inlet end and an air outlet end, and also comprises a special cutter and a processing method for designing and manufacturing a lock bottom with welding protection and removing the lock bottom.

Comprises a special cutter and a processing method which enable the turning processing of the lock bottom.

Therefore, the assembly joint between the discs needs to be designed into a spigot interference fit with a lock bottom (allowance for fine cutting), the lock bottom reserved by the process needs to be removed in a turning mode after electron beam welding, as shown in fig. 2, and the parts 1-1, 1-2, 1-3 and 1-4 of the lock bottom need to be turned after welding.

The bottom (spigot) of the lock is that a convex ring (formed by convenient turning) is arranged on the inner edge of the welding annular surface, so that the penetration of the adjacent welding annular surface is guaranteed when the bottom (spigot) is used for electron beam welding, the electron beam with energy higher than a threshold value is used for bombarding a welding seam, huge kinetic energy is converted into heat energy, a workpiece at the welding position is guaranteed to be melted, a molten pool is formed (the molten pool cannot overflow the welding seam), the penetration welding and welding strength of the whole welding surface are guaranteed, and the advantages of good process repeatability and small heat deformation are achieved.

Comprises a special cutter and a processing method which enable the turning processing of the lock bottom. Therefore, the assembly joint between the discs needs to be designed into a spigot interference fit with a lock bottom (which is convenient for allowance in fine cutting), the lock bottom reserved in the process needs to be removed in a turning mode after electron beam welding as shown in figure 2, and four lock bottoms 1-1, 1-2, 1-3 and 1-4 need to be removed in a turning mode after welding.

It can be seen from fig. 1 that the fifth-stage disk and the sixth-stage disk are welded to form a strong-closure inner cavity and a lock bottom 1-1, the sixth-stage disk and the seventh-stage disk are welded to form a lock bottom 1-2, and by analogy, the eighth-stage disk and the ninth-stage disk are welded to form a lock bottom 1-4, and 4 lock bottoms are provided in total, and the 4 lock bottoms are all located in the strong-closure inner cavity. The 4 lock bottoms are required to be machined and removed after welding, and the conventional cutter cannot machine the lock bottoms due to the limitation of the depth of the inner cavity and the opening distance between the radial plates on the advancing and retreating of the cutter.

The special tool for removing the lock bottom comprises a middle connecting rod and a vertical middle connecting rod tool bar, wherein a first end of the middle connecting rod 11 is fixed on a tool rest of a lathe (the middle connecting rod and the tool rest of the tool are capto interfaces), the front end 12 of the tool bar is fixed at a second end of the middle connecting rod 11 by an inner hexagonal cylindrical head screw, the rear end of the tool bar 12 is L-shaped, and the bottom end of the L-shaped is fixed at the front end 12 of the tool bar by a 14 inner hexagonal flat round head screw, a 15 damping block and a 16O-shaped rubber sealing ring; the L-shaped tip part of the cutter bar is fixedly provided with 17 turning blades; and (2) installing and fixing 17 a turning blade on the left side or the right side of the tip part of the L shape (the trapezoid can also be used).

In the schematic diagram of the special tool for removing the lock bottom, the middle connecting rod 11 is not depicted, the front end 12 and the rear end 18 of the tool bar can be in a slender rod structure, and can extend into a gap formed after the multistage disc is welded to cut off the lock bottom of the ring tip by using a left turning blade or a right turning blade.

Because the depth, the opening width and the offset of the inner cavity side where the lock bottom is positioned are different, the structural requirements of the machining of the lock bottom at the 4 positions on the cutters are different, a plurality of cutters need to be designed, and the number of the cutters can be designed into 2-3 according to the structural analysis and calculation of the 4 inner cavities. The design of special cutter also needs to be considered from manufacturing cost, if design for overall structure then the processing manufacturing cost of cutter is higher, consequently proposes a combination cutter design structure, designs for the split type of cutter arbor front end 12 and extension rod 11 two parts promptly, and two parts are connected and are adopted the end face fluted disc structure to connect, can reduce the design manufacturing cost of cutter like this. The end face fluted disc (hirthcoupling) is also called a mouse fluted disc or an end face fluted disc, is the most core key component of mechanical indexing equipment, can ensure that the front end 12 of the cutter rod and the middle connecting rod 11 can be subjected to angle adjustment nearby the vertical direction, and the connecting joint of the front end 12 of the cutter rod and the middle connecting rod 11 is provided with the mouse fluted disc or the end face fluted disc, so that the front end 12 of the cutter rod of the turning tool can be fixed, and the turning tool (extending into a cavity) can be ensured to turn off an annular lock bottom in place.

Has the advantages that: the invention provides a method for preparing a compressor drum by welding a plurality of wheel discs, which is mainly characterized in that a lathe cutting method is adopted, obviously, the cutting efficiency of the lathe is high, the precision is guaranteed, a special bottom locking device is added, the method can be used as an auxiliary clamp for accurately aligning electron beam welding and a tool clamp for protecting a welding seam and welding thoroughly, the compressor drum is prepared by adopting electron beam welding with high precision and adopting multi-step combination, and finally, the bottom locking of the inner cavity of the compressor drum is removed by turning; a multistage wheel disc of a wheel disc with the middle end part of a compressor disc drum connected with an air inlet end and an air outlet end can be prepared; the invention also comprises a special tool and a processing method for designing and manufacturing the lock bottom of the welding protection and removing the lock bottom.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a compressor drum prepared by welding a plurality of discs;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a lock bottom during wheel disc welding;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the wheel disc with the lock bottom removed;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a compressor drum welded by a plurality of discs after the lock bottom of the compressor drum is deleted;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of a tool for turning the lock bottom;

FIG. 6 is an exploded view of the cutter structure of FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the sixth to eighth stages of the disk without the bottom of the lock cut;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the sixth through eighth stages of the disk removing lock bottom;

FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of the cutter turning the second and third lock bottoms (the intermediate lock bottoms welded with the sixth-eighth wheel discs);

fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of the cutter turning the first and the fourth lock bottoms (the fifth-sixth or the eighth-ninth wheel disc welded edge lock bottoms).

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the tool turning (multiple tool positions into the turning section) during bottom turning;

fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of the cutter in place when the bottom of the lock is turned, and the front end of the cutter bar can be parallel to the side plane of the wheel disc.

Detailed Description

From fig. 1 and 4, the structure of each disk (five disks numbered 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, respectively, are referred to as fifth to ninth stage disks) in a compressor disk drum (for example, welded together in parallel by five disks) is: the novel comb is generally composed of a rim 3, a comb tooth 2, a radial plate 9-2, a cavity wall (partition plate) 9-3 and the like, wherein the center of the novel comb is provided with an opening. The outer edges of the left and right disks have hubs (drum drums) 9-4, 9-1 with air inlet and outlet ports, and the length of the hubs has a considerable length in the longitudinal direction, although the structure of the compressor disk and drum assembly is prepared by electron beam welding as shown in figure 1, namely 5 disks are welded together equally, and adjacent disks are welded into a whole by 4 electron beam welding seams. The technical requirements of the disk drum assembly after welding are as shown in fig. 1, and the inner holes a1 and B1 of the disk and the end face of the hub drum have jump no more than 0.1 to the reference A, B. It can be seen that the diameter of the inner hole of the sixth-ninth disks is the smallest sixth disk phi 136, the deepest inner cavity where the lock bottom is located is a strong closed inner cavity formed by welding the sixth-seventh disks and the seventh disks, the depth is 110, the width of the open position of the inner cavity is 21mm (fig. 4), and the depth of the inner cavity and the distance between the cutter advancing and retracting limit that the conventional cutter bar cannot process the lock bottom. Fig. 2-3 are enlarged views of the lock bottom, the seam allowance and the lathe cuts.

It can be seen from fig. 1 that a strong closed inner cavity and a lock bottom 1-1 are formed after welding the fifth-stage disc and the sixth-stage disc, a lock bottom 1-2 is formed after welding the sixth-stage disc and the seventh-stage disc, a lock bottom 1-3 is formed after welding the eighth-stage disc and the seventh-stage disc, and by analogy, a lock bottom 1-4 is formed after welding the eighth-stage disc and the ninth-stage disc, and 4 lock bottoms are provided in total, and the 4 lock bottoms are all located in the closed inner cavity. The 4 lock bottoms are required to be machined and removed after welding, and the conventional cutter cannot machine the lock bottoms due to the limitation of the depth of the inner cavity and the opening distance between the radial plates on the advancing and retreating of the cutter. The invention adopts a tool of an extension-type vertical rod, and the tool is extended into a closed inner cavity by the extension-type tool for turning and removing.

Because the inner cavity is deep and the diameter of the inner hole is small, a common cutter cannot directly enter the inner cavity from the inner hole through a program after the cutter is adjusted, and for the reason, the cutter shown in the figures 5-6 is designed, the cutter is detached from the cutter rest after the cutter is adjusted outside the cavity, the cutter is manually screwed into the inner cavity, the cutter is installed into the cutter rest, and finally the cutter feeding path is controlled through a numerical control program to machine the lock bottom. The precision of the tool clamping twice before and after tool setting is no more than 0.02 (horizontal lathe: CK61160 x 6000).

Fig. 5-6 are tool diagrams: the middle connecting rod 11, the front end of the cutter rod 12, the hexagon socket head cap screw 13, the flat round head screw 14, the damping block 15, the rubber sealing ring 16O, the lathe blade 17 and the rear end of the cutter rod 18.

The special tool for removing the lock bottom comprises a middle connecting rod and a vertical middle connecting rod tool bar, wherein a first end of the middle connecting rod 11 is fixed on a tool rest of a lathe (the middle connecting rod and the tool rest of the tool are capto interfaces), a front end 12 of the tool bar is fixed at a second end of the middle connecting rod 11 by an inner hexagonal socket head cap screw, the rear end of the tool bar 12 is trapezoidal, and the bottom end of the trapezoid is fixed at the front end 12 of the tool bar by a 14 inner hexagonal flat round head screw, a 15 damping block and a 16O-shaped rubber sealing ring; 17 turning blades are fixedly arranged at the trapezoidal tip part of the cutter bar; and (4) mounting and fixing 17 the car blade on the left side or the right side of the trapezoidal tip. In the schematic diagram of the special tool for removing the lock bottom, 11 middle connecting rods are not drawn, the front ends of 12 cutter rods and 18 cutter rods can be of slender rod structures in fact, and the slender rod structures can extend into gaps formed after welding of the multi-stage disc to cut off the lock bottom of the ring tip by using a left turning blade or a right turning blade.

Because the depth, the opening width and the offset of the inner cavity side where the lock bottom is positioned are different, the structural requirements of the machining of the lock bottom at the 4 positions on the cutters are different, a plurality of cutters need to be designed, and the number of the cutters can be designed into 2-3 according to the structural analysis and calculation of the 4 inner cavities. The design of special cutter also needs from manufacturing cost consideration, if design for overall structure then the processing manufacturing cost of cutter is higher, consequently proposes a combination cutter design structure, designs into the split type of cutter arbor front end 12 and extension rod 11 two parts promptly, and two parts are connected and are adopted the face tooth structural connection, can reduce the design manufacturing cost of cutter like this. The end face teeth (high coupling) are also called mouse tooth discs or end face tooth discs and are the most core key components of mechanical indexing equipment; this application is improved to some extent: the two parts are connected by adopting a (non-rotary) end face tooth structure, the connecting plane of the front end 12 of the cutter bar and the middle connecting rod 11 is provided with a mouse tooth disc or end face teeth, namely, the connecting end of the front end 12 of the cutter bar and the middle connecting rod respectively fixes one of a pair of toothed plates, the uniformly parallel distributed sections of the teeth on the pair of toothed plates are triangular teeth, the teeth on the pair of toothed plates are mutually embedded and fixed, high-precision angle positioning and fixing can be carried out, the front end 12 of the cutter bar of the turning tool and the middle connecting rod 11 can firmly fix the pair of end face toothed plates through bolts, nuts and the like, and stress and torsion during turning can be borne; the turning tool (extending into the cavity) is ensured to be in place and the annular lock bottom is reliably turned. When the front end 12 of the knife bar is perpendicular to the middle extension rod, the plane of the toothed plate is a right-angled bisector plane, i.e., a 45-degree plane.

As shown in fig. 1 and 4, the drum assembly is formed by electron beam welding 5 discs (numbered from the fifth disc to the ninth disc), so that 4 welding seams exist after welding, corresponding to 4 lock bottoms (shown in fig. 1), and because the front, rear, fifth disc and ninth disc have hub drum parts with certain lengths on the shaft, the distance from the middle lock bottom 1-2 and the lock bottom 1-3 to the flange surfaces (hubs) at two ends is larger, the lock bottom 1-2 and the lock bottom 1-3 are difficult to machine, because the cutter bar for turning the lock bottom at the two positions is longer, but the cutter bar is easy to vibrate (has a certain diameter) during machining, and the cutter bar is too long and is not easy to select and install, but the diameter is matched with the inner cavity.

In consideration of the manufacturability of processing, 3 disks including the middle sixth-level disk, the seventh-level disk and the eighth-level disk are selected to be subjected to electron beam welding (two welding seams generate corresponding lock bottoms 2 and lock bottoms 3), the distances from the lock bottoms 1-2 and the lock bottoms 1-3 to two ends after welding are relatively small, the requirement on the length of a cutter bar of a special cutter is short, and the cutter is not easy to shake during processing. The electron beam welding sequence is the same as the sequence of welding the wheel discs, and the sixth, seventh and eighth wheel discs in the middle are welded together to form two welding seams; welding a fifth welding seam, a sixth welding seam, a ninth welding seam and an eighth welding seam after the welding is finished;

after welding the sixth-eighth disks, turning the lock bottom 1-2 and the lock bottom 1-3 corresponding to the welding seams and the outer end surface rabbets at the two ends of the sixth-eighth disks to form a new annular step lock bottom 1-1 and a new annular step lock bottom 1-4. And processing the step lock bottoms 1-1 and the lock bottoms 1-4 with two annular ends so as to facilitate the electronic welding with the fifth-stage and ninth-stage disc assemblies. The step lock bottom is convenient for accurately determining and fixing the concentricity of the wheel disc circle during welding. After the electron beam welding, the lock bottom 1-1 and the lock bottom 1-4 are turned (as shown in fig. 1 and 4). After electron beam welding, two lock bottoms 1-1 and 1-4 on the outer side are turned. The lock bottoms 1-1, 1-2, 1-3 and 1-4 are removed to form smooth welding seams 6-1, 6-2, 6-3 and 6-4.

The method is also suitable for the compressor disk drum assembly with more than 5 disks, the central disk is welded firstly, and finally, the lock bottom is machined and the disks at two ends are welded by electron beams. The size of the wheel disc positioned in the center is narrowed, the wheel disc is firstly welded by an electron beam under an axial clamp under the fixation and protection of a lock bottom, and finally the wheel disc with air inlets and air outlets at two ends is welded to prepare the compressor disc drum and a method and a cutter for turning the lock bottom of the inner cavity of the compressor disc drum; the method comprises a multistage wheel disc of a wheel disc of which the middle end part of a compressor disc drum is connected with an air inlet end and an air outlet end, and also comprises a special cutter and a processing method for designing and manufacturing a lock bottom with welding protection and removing the lock bottom.

According to the turning method of the lock bottom, due to the depth of the lock bottom and the distance between the centers of the wheel discs, a special cutter cannot directly enter an inner cavity from an inner hole through a program after the cutter is adjusted, so that the cutter needs to be adjusted outside the cavity and then detached from a cutter rest, the cutter is manually screwed into the inner cavity (turning can be completed by the cutter in a cutter screwing schematic diagram when the lock bottom is turned and an in-place diagram of a diagram 12 shown in a figure 11), then the cutter is arranged into the cutter rest (the cutter and the cutter rest are capto interfaces), and finally a cutter feeding path (only the thickness of a step is required to be advanced and the width of the step is required to be turned left and right) is controlled through a numerical control. The precision of the tool clamping twice before and after tool setting is no more than 0.02 (horizontal lathe: CK61160 x 6000).

The lock bottom 1-2 and the lock bottom 1-3 are machined schematically, and 1 knife is shared:

the lock bottom 1-4 turning and the lock bottom 1-1 turning can share one knife.

The specific implementation process scheme for processing the five-wheel disc into the wheel drum comprises the following steps:

processing each level of single wheel disc: a10 blank inspection → A20 rough turning outline → A30 stress relief heat treatment → A40 semi-finish turning → A60 finish turning, and the fifth disc-the ninth disc are reserved according to filling areas; assembling lock bottom spigots at two ends and processing the lock bottom spigots into positions, wherein the coaxiality of the processed positions is not more than 0.02 → A70 clamp repair → A80 mark → A90 penetration test.

A wheel disc assembly: b10 assembly → B20 detection (detection of both ends jumping and mating surface size of each part before welding) → B30 cleaning (removing welding surface, no oxide available) → B40 trial assembly (detection and recording of circle jumping and axial size after assembly for post-weld deformation and shrinkage verification) → B50 first electron beam welding (welding sixth disc to eighth disc) → B60 weld seam fluorescent inspection → B70X optical inspection → B80 detection (detection of circle jumping and mating surface size after welding and comparison with B20 process size) → B70 vehicle lock bottom and stop (vehicle-off lock bottom 1-2 and lock bottom 1-3 and vehicle-off lock bottom stop at both ends of sixth disc and eighth disc) → B80 assembly → B90 detection → B100 second electron beam welding (fifth disc and ninth disc respectively welding sixth disc and eighth disc integrated with first welding) → B120 fluorescent inspection → B130X detection of circle jumping and welding surface (detection of B35140) and weld seam jumping detection → B X (detection of circle jumping and welding surface size after welding) (detection of B35140 and welding operation size → B X) And (3) detecting and comparing the sizes of the B90 process → B160 vehicle lock bottom (lock bottom 1-1 and lock bottom 1-4) → B170 welding seam fluorescence inspection → B180X light inspection → B190 finish turning → B200 drilling wheel drum assembly upper milling hole and groove → B210 clamping → B220 intermediate inspection → B230 fluorescence inspection → B240 plasma spraying → B250 vehicle coating → B260 wet blasting → B270 dynamic balance → B280 transfer mark → B290 clamping → A310 final inspection.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a compressor drum by welding a plurality of wheel discs is characterized in that each wheel disc is turned, each wheel disc comprises a wheel rim, a comb tooth, a radial plate, a cavity wall and a radial plate in the middle of the wheel rim, the center of the radial plate is provided with a hole, the radial plate is a flat plate, and the thickness of the radial plate is larger than that of the cavity wall; two sides of the outer edge of the wheel disc are welded annular surfaces; firstly, welding the wheel disc positioned in the center of the disc drum by using electron beams, namely welding two adjacent welded annular surfaces of the adjacent wheel discs, wherein the inner edge of one welded annular surface is provided with a convex ring, and the convex ring and the connected welded annular surfaces form a step-shaped clamp for supporting the welded annular surface of the adjacent wheel disc; after welding, the convex ring forms an annular lock bottom in the cavity wall and is removed by turning by extending into a tool; then, the wheel discs at the left end and the right end are respectively welded with the adjacent wheel disc welding annular surfaces, the outer edge is provided with an air inlet and outlet, a horn-shaped inner cavity is formed, and turning is carried out by using an extension-type tool.

2. The method for manufacturing a compressor disk drum as claimed in claim 1, wherein when the disk drum assembly is composed of 5 disks, the central three disk disks are welded first, and the three disk disks of the sixth, seventh and eighth stages located at the center of the disk drum are electron beam welded to form two weld seams, and the two weld seams form corresponding lock bottoms, and the distance from the lock bottoms to the two ends of the disk after welding is relatively small, and the lock bottoms are turned by a special tool.

3. The method for preparing the compressor disc drum as claimed in claim 2, wherein after welding the sixth-eighth disc, the lock bottom (1-2, 1-3) is turned off and the rabbets at the two ends of the sixth and eighth disc are turned; and (4) carrying out electron beam welding on the wheel discs at the left end and the right end of the support of the rabbets at the two ends, namely the fifth-stage disc and the ninth-stage disc.

4. The method for preparing the compressor disc drum according to claim 2, wherein a strong closed inner cavity and a lock bottom (1-1) are formed after welding a fifth-stage disc and a sixth-stage disc, a lock bottom (1-2) is formed after welding the sixth-stage disc and a seventh-stage disc, a lock bottom (1-3) is formed after welding an eighth-stage disc of the seventh-stage disc, and by analogy, a lock bottom (1-4) is formed after welding the eighth-stage disc and a ninth-stage disc, and the total number of 4 lock bottoms is 4, and the 4 lock bottoms are all positioned in the closed inner cavity; after welding, the 4 lock bottoms are removed by turning, and the cutting tool of the extension-type vertical rod is adopted and extends into the closed inner cavity by the extension-type cutting tool for turning removal.

5. The method for preparing the compressor drum according to claim 4, wherein the special tool for removing the lock bottom comprises a middle connecting rod and a vertical middle connecting rod tool bar, a first end of the middle connecting rod (11) is fixed on a tool rest of a lathe, the middle connecting rod and the tool rest of the tool are capto interfaces, an inner hexagonal socket head screw is used for fixing a front end (12) of the tool bar at a second end of the middle connecting rod, the rear end of the tool bar is L-shaped, and the bottom end of the L-shaped is fixed at the front end of the tool bar through an inner hexagonal flat round head screw, a damping block and an O-shaped rubber sealing ring; the L-shaped tip part of the cutter bar is provided with a fixed turning blade; a fixed turning blade (17) is mounted on the left side or the right side of the L-shaped tip part.

6. The method of making a compressor drum as set forth in claim 1, wherein each stage

Processing of a single wheel disc: a10 blank inspection → A20 rough turning outline → A30 stress relief heat treatment → A40

Semi-finish turning → A60 finish turning, and reserving the fifth disc to the ninth disc according to the filling area; both ends are assembled with lock bottom rabbets and

the coaxiality of the machined position surface is not more than 0.02 → A70 clamp → A80 mark → A90 penetration test;

a wheel disc assembly: b10 assembly → B20 inspection → B30 cleaning → B40 trial assembly, post-assembly inspection and recording of circle jump and axial dimension for post-weld deformation and shrinkage verification → B50 first electron beam welding, welding sixth to eighth disks → B60 weld spot fluorescent inspection → B70X-ray inspection → B80 inspection, post-weld circle jump and mating surface dimension inspection, and dimension comparison with B20 process → B70 vehicle lock bottom and seam allowance, vehicle out lock bottom 1-2 and lock bottom 1-3 and vehicle out lock bottom seam allowance at both ends of sixth and eighth disks → B80 trial assembly → B90 inspection → B100 second electron beam welding, fifth disk and ninth disk respectively integral with first welding sixth, eight disk welding → B120 weld spot fluorescent inspection → B130X-ray inspection → B140 aging treatment → B150 inspection of B vehicle lock bottom 1-1 and lock bottom 1-4 and weld spot fluorescent inspection → B170 assembly → B180 and X-ray inspection of vehicle upper drill clamp → B220 → B230 and B220 fluorescent inspection of B180 Ion spraying → B250 car coating → B260 wet blowing → B270 dynamic balance → B280 transfer mark → B290 clamp repair → A310 final inspection.