CN111871224B - Shark scale shield micro-blade filtering membrane - Google Patents

Shark scale shield micro-blade filtering membrane Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111871224B
CN111871224B CN202010802267.8A CN202010802267A CN111871224B CN 111871224 B CN111871224 B CN 111871224B CN 202010802267 A CN202010802267 A CN 202010802267A CN 111871224 B CN111871224 B CN 111871224B
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blade
micro
shark scale
scale shield
shark
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CN111871224A (en
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张军
尹琳琳
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Harbin Institute of Technology
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Harbin Institute of Technology
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D65/00—Accessories or auxiliary operations, in general, for separation processes or apparatus using semi-permeable membranes
    • B01D65/08—Prevention of membrane fouling or of concentration polarisation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
    • B01D69/02—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor characterised by their properties
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2325/00—Details relating to properties of membranes
    • B01D2325/36—Hydrophilic membranes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a shark scale shield micro-blade filtering membrane, relates to a filtering membrane with a micro-blade structure obtained by simulating a shark scale shield, and aims to solve the problems that the existing filtering membrane needs to be subjected to post treatment after pollution and the service life of the filtering membrane is shortened; the adjacent shark scale shield micro blades are connected through a connecting rib, and the plurality of shark scale shield micro blades are mutually arranged in parallel along the same plane to form a filtering membrane; and a gap is arranged between the adjacent shark scale shield micro blades; the middle part of the shark scale shield micro-blade is in a triangular prism shape, and the back part of the shark scale shield micro-blade is raised to form a blade; the front end of the shark scale shield micro blade is a tip; the back end of the shark scale shield micro blade is concave inwards to form a gap in a dovetail shape.

Description

Shark scale shield micro-blade filtering membrane
Technical Field
The invention relates to a filtering membrane, in particular to a filtering membrane with a micro-blade structure obtained by bionic shark scale shield.
Background
The traditional filtering membrane is widely applied in the water purification and sewage treatment industry and greatly contributes, but the serious membrane pollution problem caused in the using process becomes a bottleneck for inhibiting the technical development of the filtering membrane in the water treatment industry. The main limiting factor is that in the treatment process of the filtering membrane, a large amount of pollutants such as microorganisms are intercepted on the surface and in membrane holes of the filtering membrane, so that irreversible adsorption and blockage on the surface of the filtering membrane are caused, the membrane flux and the membrane interception rate are greatly reduced, the reduced membrane flux cannot be recovered, namely irreversible membrane pollution is formed, and the service life of the filtering membrane is seriously shortened. Membrane fouling includes organic, inorganic and microbial fouling, with biological fouling being the most destructive. Due to the electrostatic interaction between the pollutants in the filtered water body and the surface of the filtering membrane, the pollutants are adhered to the surface of the membrane, and the fertility of microorganisms is strong, so that the membrane pollution is increasingly caused.
There are two main approaches to solving membrane fouling: one is a prevention and treatment method after membrane fouling and hair dyeing, and the pollutants are subjected to post-treatment; the other is to prevent the membrane fouling from occurring in the early stage. The methods of chemical cleaning, physical scrubbing, electrolytic ultrasound and the like are generally adopted for preventing and treating membrane pollution, and the method not only increases the prevention and treatment cost and damages membrane materials, but also reduces the service life of the filtering membrane due to shutdown cleaning and the like. The membrane pollution prevention technology generally adopts the membrane surface chemical modification, structure modification and other modes to prevent membrane pollution, and the prevention modes on the market mainly focus on the aspect of membrane surface modification at present, but the research on membrane structure modification is less.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that the existing filtering membrane needs to be subjected to post treatment after pollution, and the service life of the filtering membrane is shortened, and provides a shark scale shield micro-blade filtering membrane.
The invention relates to a shark scale shield micro-blade filtering membrane, which comprises a plurality of shark scale shield micro-blades;
the adjacent shark scale shield micro blades are connected through a connecting rib, and the plurality of shark scale shield micro blades are arranged in parallel along the same plane to form a filtering membrane;
and gaps are arranged between the adjacent shark scale shield micro-blades;
the middle part of the shark scale shield micro-blade is in a triangular prism shape, and the back part of the shark scale shield micro-blade is raised to form a blade;
The front end of the shark scale shield micro blade is a tip;
the back end of the shark scale shield micro blade is concave inwards to form a gap in a dovetail shape.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention provides a modified structure of a filtering membrane, which is characterized in that a biological surface bionic structure is applied to the prevention of conventional membrane pollution by learning to the nature, the surface structure of a membrane material is changed, an unstable rough surface is formed on the filtering membrane, a stable plane is not provided for the stay of microorganisms, the microorganisms and bacteria cannot be attached to the surface of the membrane, the attachment rate of the microorganisms to the surface of the membrane is greatly reduced, and the effects of resisting bacteria, preventing fouling and reducing the membrane pollution are achieved.
Different from the traditional cleaning method adopting an off-line medicament after membrane pollution, the filtering membrane has a special texture structure by changing the structure of the traditional filtering membrane on the premise of not adopting any antibacterial medicament, the structure of the micro-blade on the surface can destroy the cell membrane structure of bacteria, and meanwhile, the hydrophilicity of the membrane material is improved, so that the adhesion of microorganisms on the surface of the membrane is greatly reduced, the surface hydrophilicity and the antibacterial property of the material are changed, and the material is used as a natural antibacterial and antifouling filtering medium, and finally, the low membrane pollution is realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a shark scale shield micro-blade in a shark scale shield micro-blade filtering membrane according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the side view structure of the shark scale shield microblade in a shark scale shield microblade filtration membrane of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a hexagonal shield group in a shark scale shield micro-blade filtration membrane according to the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a hexagonal shield group in a shark scale shield micro-blade filtering membrane according to the invention in a front view;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the combined structure of a plurality of hexagonal shield groups in a shark scale shield micro-blade filtering membrane according to the invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a combined structure of a plurality of hexagonal shield groups sharing a shark scale shield micro-blade in the shark scale shield micro-blade filtering membrane of the invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of a shark scale shield micro-blade filter membrane of the present invention; wherein a1 represents a water molecule which does not pass through the shark scale shield micro-blade filtering membrane, a2 represents a water molecule which rolls down the inclined planes at both sides of the shark scale shield micro-blade, the angle beta is the contact angle of a single instance of the water molecule between the inclined plane of the shark scale shield micro-blade and the air, a3 represents the filtered water molecule, b1 represents a primary falling cell, b2 represents a cell destroyed by the shark scale shield micro-blade, b3 represents a broken cell washed away by water flow, c represents a filtering hole of the shark scale shield micro-blade filtering membrane, and d represents incoming water.
Detailed Description
In a first embodiment, the shark scale shield micro-blade filtering membrane of the embodiment comprises a plurality of shark scale shield micro-blades 1;
the adjacent shark scale shield micro blades 1 are connected through a connecting rib 3, and the plurality of shark scale shield micro blades 1 are arranged in parallel along the same plane to form a filtering membrane;
and gaps are arranged between the adjacent shark scale shield micro blades 1;
the middle part of the shark scale shield micro-blade 1 is in a triangular prism shape, and the back part of the shark scale shield micro-blade is raised to form a blade;
the front end of the shark scale shield micro blade 1 is a tip;
the back end of the shark scale shield micro-blade 1 is concave inwards to form a gap in a dovetail shape.
Specifically, living things in nature continue to evolve over a long course of evolution to adapt to natural rules and exceed new skills in human science and technology. With the development of the sea by human beings, a large amount of pollutants are found to be attached to the skin of various fishes, but the skin of sharks is always kept clean and in good condition. Related researches show that the special physical and chemical structure of the surface of the sharkskin enables the sharkskin to have unique antibacterial property. After long-term natural evolution of sharks, the skin surface of sharks exhibits a regular interlocking scale structure under microscopic display, and the scales are fully distributed with corrugated micro-grooves. Thus, the particular configuration allows the shark skin to reduce water friction and microbial and attachment.
According to the research on the sharkskin, the invention provides a sharkskin micro-blade filtering membrane which has hydrophilic and antibacterial properties.
The shark scale shield micro-blade filtering membrane adopts a shark skin-imitated structure and is integrally flat. The four side surfaces of each shark scale shield micro-blade are provided with connecting ribs 3 (as shown in figure 4 or figure 5), the adjacent shark scale shield micro-blades are connected, and a gap is formed between the shark scale shield micro-blades, so that the water body can flow through the gap.
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, each shark scale shield micro-blade is in a triangular shape, like a raised ridge (a prismatic protrusion structure), the rear end of the shark scale shield micro-blade is concave inwards, like an airplane tail, and the shark scale shield is gradually narrowed from the tail end to the head end, and finally is condensed at the front end to form a spearhead tip. The single shark scale shield micro-blade can be regarded as a single shark scale shield micro-blade which is integrally formed into a triangular prism firstly, then three ridge lines are gradually converged from the middle to the front end and converged into a point at the front end, so that the front end can be regarded as a triangular pyramid which shares the end face with the middle, the tail end is at the tail end part, the ridge line at the top is bent downwards, and the tail part of the whole shark scale shield is driven to be sunken to form an airplane tail wing or a swallowtail-shaped structure. In order to ensure that the incoming water is in different directions and the filtering effect is the same, the shark scale shield micro-blades are symmetrical.
The filter membrane has high porosity and strong hydrophilicity. The convex-concave groove structure formed by the plurality of shark scale shield micro-blades on the shark scale shield micro-blade filtering membrane can thicken the viscous flow thickness of the surface of the shark scale shield micro-blade filtering membrane, so that a vortex generated by flowing collision of a filtered water body and the filtering membrane is far away from the surface of the shark scale shield micro-blades, and radial filtered water flow directly flows into gaps among the shark scale shield micro-blades.
Conventional approaches to resist membrane fouling typically employ backwashing and changing membrane operating conditions or modifying the surface of the membrane material, but such approaches are limited by heterogeneous settings and special requirements. The hydrophilic antibacterial film with the shark scale shield micro-blade structure can realize the construction of a surface with hydrophilicity and antibacterial property, prevent the formation of a biological film and open up a novel antibacterial mode.
The initial adhesion of free bacteria on the membrane material surface is a necessary condition for forming a biological membrane to cause membrane pollution. The multi-prism structure of the shark scale shield micro-blade filtering membrane forms an uneven rough surface under the excitation of a fluid medium, and a stable surface required by the stay of microorganisms is eliminated.
Meanwhile, as shown in fig. 7, the surface layer of the shark scale shield micro-blade structure forms a hydrophilic anti-bacterial adhesion surface, the prismatic protrusion structure of the shark scale shield micro-blade is similar to a sharp blade, physical damage can be caused to bacterial cell membranes in a filtered water body, cell bodies damaged by the shark scale shield micro-blade are washed away along the water flow direction, the cell bodies cannot be adhered to the surface of the filter membrane to cause membrane pollution, the filter membrane can achieve the anti-bacterial adhesion of more than 98%, and the anti-bacterial rate is more than 99%.
The hydrophilic coarse structure of the shark scale shield micro-blade that this membrane possesses can be under the condition that does not have gas to exist, collect the hydrone fast to can not glue in the top layer of shark scale shield micro-blade, make the hydrone pass through the filter membrane rapidly, realize filtering. When water molecules vertically contact the shark scale shield micro-blade, the water molecules quickly roll down to the inclined planes on the two sides of the shark scale shield micro-blade, and due to the special micro-blade solid structure, the contact angle of a single water molecule between the shark scale shield micro-blade inclined plane and the air is far smaller than 90 degrees, so that the water molecules are greatly hydrophilic.
However, the surface of the conventional hydrophilic membrane material is in contact with air and water drops, so that a layer of liquid membrane is formed on the surface of the material, which is not beneficial to effectively absorbing moisture. The filter membrane has good attached liquid fluidity, so that small liquid droplets such as water molecules and the like attached to the surface of the filter membrane can quickly slide into the membrane pores. The ultrafiltration membrane has a large number of regularly arranged shark scale shield micro-blades, the surface of the filtration membrane is rough, the hydrophilicity is improved, the contact water passing area of the membrane surface and filtered water can be increased, and the hydrophilic surface can quickly and effectively absorb water and quickly drip. Through the hydrophilicity of the filtering membrane structure, the pollution resistance of the filtering membrane can be improved, and the filtering and water discharging efficiency of the filtering membrane is greatly enhanced.
Furthermore, the dovetail angle at the rear end of the shark scale shield micro blade 1 is an acute angle.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, two straight dashed lines divide the entire shark scale shield micro-blade 1 into a front end, a middle portion and a rear end, the angle α of the rear end represents the angle of the dovetail, which is acute and <90 degrees.
If the horizontal filtration is adopted, the horizontal water body to be filtered is close to the rear end of the shark scale shield micro blade, the shearing force of the water body is larger due to the special prismatic micro blade structure, the strength of the horizontal flow is weakened, the ridge (prismatic protrusion structure) and the concave groove structure of the shark scale shield micro blade 1 can break the water flow of the incoming water, most energy of the water flow is consumed through the friction between the shark scale shield micro blade 1 and the water flow, and therefore the resistance of the filtration membrane is reduced.
Furthermore, seven shark scale shield micro blades 1 form a group; one shark scale shield micro-blade 1 is positioned in the middle, and three shark scale shield micro-blades 1 are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the middle shark scale shield micro-blade 1 respectively; the length of the shark scale shield micro-blade 1 is gradually reduced from the middle to the two sides to form a hexagonal shield group 2;
and a plurality of hexagonal shield groups 2 are complemented and connected along the same plane to form the filtering membrane.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the surface of the filter membrane is provided with a plurality of three-dimensional shark scale shield micro-blade sets arranged in a hexagonal array. Each hexagonal shield group comprises 7 shark scale shield micro-blades, the shark scale shield micro-blades are symmetrically arranged according to the principle that the middle axis (the symmetric axis of the hexagon) is long and the two sides are short (meanwhile, the middle points of the long axes of the shark scale shield micro-blades are positioned on the same straight line and are vertical to the symmetric axis), and every seven shark scale shield micro-blades form the hexagonal shield group. The four side surfaces of each shark scale shield micro-blade are provided with connecting ribs 3, the adjacent shark scale shield micro-blades are connected, and a gap is formed between the shark scale shield micro-blades, so that the water body can flow through the gap easily.
As shown in fig. 5 and 6, by regularly combining a plurality of hexagonal shield groups, the structure forms a thin and compact surface layer and a filtering membrane of a porous support shield group matrix, which has the effects of intercepting pollutants and resisting bacteria, thereby obviously reducing irreversible pollution and obviously improving the anti-pollution performance. Wherein, as shown in fig. 6, two adjacent hexagonal shield groups can share one shark scale shield micro-blade with the shortest edge.
The shark scale shield micro blades are arranged in patterns along the surface to regularly form an ordered hexagonal shield group, so that the adhesion of microorganisms and bacteria on the surface of the filter membrane is inhibited, and the bacteria are prevented from attaching and propagating, therefore, the special anti-attachment structure of the filter membrane can effectively avoid generating a biological membrane generated by the aggregation and proliferation of the bacteria on the membrane surface, and simultaneously interfere the physical attachment of other pollutants.
Further, the seven shark scale shield micro blades 1 in the hexagonal shield group 2 gradually decrease in height from the middle to the two sides.
Further, the materials of the filtering membrane comprise polyacrylonitrile, polyether sulfone, polyvinylidene fluoride and polystyrene.
Specifically, the film material suitable for the technology comprises Polyacrylonitrile (PAN), Polyethersulfone (PES), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), Polystyrene (PS) and the like.

Claims (4)

1. A shark scale shield micro-blade filtering membrane is characterized by comprising a plurality of shark scale shield micro-blades (1);
the adjacent shark scale shield micro blades (1) are connected through connecting ribs (3), and the plurality of shark scale shield micro blades (1) are arranged in parallel along the same plane to form a filtering membrane;
and gaps are arranged between the adjacent shark scale shield micro blades (1);
the middle part of the shark scale shield micro-blade (1) is in a triangular prism shape, and the back part of the shark scale shield micro-blade is raised to form a blade;
the front end of the shark scale shield micro blade (1) is a tip;
the rear end of the shark scale shield micro blade (1) is concave inwards to form a notch in a dovetail shape;
seven shark scale shield micro blades (1) form a group; one shark scale shield micro-blade (1) is positioned in the middle, and three shark scale shield micro-blades (1) are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the middle shark scale shield micro-blade (1) respectively; the length of the shark scale shield micro-blade (1) is gradually reduced from the middle to the two sides to form a hexagonal shield group (2);
the hexagonal shield groups (2) are complemented and connected along the same plane to form a filtering membrane;
through the combination of a plurality of hexagonal shield groups according to rules, the structure forms a layer of thin and compact surface layer and a filtration membrane of a porous support shield group matrix, and the functions of intercepting pollutants and resisting bacteria are achieved.
2. The shark scale shield micro-blade filtering membrane as claimed in claim 1, wherein the angle of the dovetail at the rear end of the shark scale shield micro-blade (1) is acute.
3. The shark scale shield micro-blade filtering membrane as claimed in claim 1, wherein the seven shark scale shield micro-blades (1) in the hexagonal shield group (2) gradually decrease in height from the middle to the two sides.
4. A shark scale shield micro-blade filter membrane according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the material of the filter membrane comprises polyacrylonitrile, polyethersulfone, polyvinylidene fluoride and polystyrene.
CN202010802267.8A 2020-08-11 2020-08-11 Shark scale shield micro-blade filtering membrane Active CN111871224B (en)

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CN111871224B true CN111871224B (en) 2022-05-31

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Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106536026A (en) * 2014-07-18 2017-03-22 德国赛多利斯生物技术公司 Membrane with increased surface area
KR102119878B1 (en) * 2019-10-21 2020-06-05 허남일 Manufacturing method of marine antifouling and low friction film utilizing fine protuberance and riblet structure

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106536026A (en) * 2014-07-18 2017-03-22 德国赛多利斯生物技术公司 Membrane with increased surface area
KR102119878B1 (en) * 2019-10-21 2020-06-05 허남일 Manufacturing method of marine antifouling and low friction film utilizing fine protuberance and riblet structure

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