CN111868349A

CN111868349A - Functional unit

Info

Publication number: CN111868349A
Application number: CN201980013720.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 汉斯·阿尔贝特·哈格尔; 克里斯蒂安·施泰因德尔; 马蒂亚斯·哈伯扎特尔; 沃尔夫冈·里格尔; 罗宾·杜查克
Original assignee: Maco Technologie GmbH
Current assignee: Maco Technologie GmbH
Priority date: 2018-02-15
Filing date: 2019-02-13
Publication date: 2020-10-30
Anticipated expiration: 2039-02-13
Also published as: EP3740638A1; PL3740638T3; DE102018103406A1; CN111868349B; EP3740638B1; WO2019158597A1

Abstract

Functional unit for a fitting of a structural element with a frame and a fan that is movable relative to the frame, comprising a body and a coupling element that is adjustable relative to the body, wherein the body is designed for fixing on the frame and the adjustable coupling element is coupled or can be coupled with the fan, or vice versa. The functional unit comprises a drive for the motor-driven adjustment of the coupling element along an adjustment path, such that in the installed state of the functional unit the sector coupled to the coupling element is movable in the direction of the frame, and a control device for controlling the drive, which is designed to provide at least one safety function for anti-trap protection. The control means are designed to provide at least one safety function only during a first part of the adjustment stroke, and to deactivate the at least one safety function during a subsequent second part of the adjustment stroke in order to provide a compressive pressure for the sealing engagement between the sector and the frame.

Description

Functional unit

Technical Field

The invention relates to a functional unit for an accessory for a structural element, in particular for a window or a door, wherein the structural element has a frame and a leaf that is movable relative to the frame, wherein the functional unit comprises:

A main body;

a coupling element adjustable with respect to the body, wherein the body is designed for being fixed on a frame and the adjustable coupling element is or can be coupled with a sector or vice versa;

a drive for the motor-driven adjustment of the coupling element along an adjustment stroke such that, in the mounted state of the functional unit, the sector coupled with the coupling element is movable in the direction of the frame; and

a control device for controlling the drive, which control device is designed to provide at least one safety function for anti-pinch protection.

Background

It is known that such functional units have different embodiments which are provided for different respective purposes, for example for automatic opening and closing of the sectors, for automatic locking of the closed sectors or for automatic tilting or advancing (absellen) of the sectors. Functional units of the type indicated at the outset are used, for example, as fitting parts for turning fittings, tilting fittings and tilting fittings for windows, doors (T ur), gates (Tor), flaps and the like.

The coupling of the coupling element to the fan is to be understood not only in the sense of a permanent or detachable fixation, but also in the sense of a pulling or pushing grip, wherein the coupling element carries along the fan. I.e. the coupling can only be active in one direction.

In the case of a motor-driven displacement of the sectors of the structural element, there is in principle a risk of the limb being pinched, for which usually measures have to be taken. This can be achieved, for example, by controlling to limit the driving force to a non-dangerous level. The associated control device may provide one or more of these safety functions.

Corresponding protective measures, however, can prevent a secure and reliable closing and/or holding of the fan section. As a result, in particular, the heat-insulating effect of the relevant structural element is limited in an undesirable manner.

Disclosure of Invention

The aim of the invention is to achieve a more reliable closing and holding of the motor-driven movable sector of the component without impairing the anti-trap protection.

This object is achieved by a functional unit having the features of claim 1.

The control device of the functional unit according to the invention is designed to provide at least one safety function only during a first part of the adjustment stroke, and to deactivate the at least one safety function during a subsequent second part of the adjustment stroke in order to provide a pressing pressure for the sealing engagement between the sector and the frame.

When the safety function is deactivated, the driver can pull or push the sector towards the frame unhindered and with as large a force as possible. Thus, when the sash is closed, the associated window has improved sealing. However, the anti-trap protection is still present, since the stroke of the sector corresponding to the first part of the adjustment stroke of the coupling element is ensured in the usual manner by the drive control. The determination of the first and second part of the adjustment path can be carried out taking into account the mechanical conversion of the movement of the coupling element into a movement of the fan, such that the risk of jamming is reduced or not at all present during the movement of the fan corresponding to the second part of the adjustment path of the coupling element.

In particular, it may be provided that the coupling element is adjustable between an open position, corresponding to a sector removed away from the frame or to a released sector, and a closed position, corresponding to a fully closed, retained sector, wherein the second part of the adjustment stroke is the last part associated with the closed position. In this embodiment, the major part of the closing movement of the fan is protected by the safety function, and the safety function is deactivated only at the end of the closing process. Since the sector is already almost completely closed, there is no longer a risk of jamming at this stage of the sector movement.

The second part of the adjustment stroke may have a stroke length of at most 40% of the total stroke length of the adjustment stroke, preferably at most 25% of the total stroke length of the adjustment stroke. Therefore, most of the sector movement is performed in a state where safety is ensured.

A special embodiment of the invention provides that, in the mounted state of the functional unit, the gap formed between the frame and the fan has a width of 20mm or less, preferably 10mm or less, particularly preferably 8mm or less, when the coupling element is located in the transition position from the first part of the adjustment stroke to the second part of the adjustment stroke. The limb cannot enter such narrow gaps, so there is no risk of entrapment and the safety function can be directly deactivated. As for the gap, it may be a gap existing between the closing edge of the sector and the opposite portion of the frame.

There are different methods to implement the safety function by the control of the driver. In particular, the control device can be designed to instruct partial load operation of the drive to provide a safety function and/or to trigger an emergency stop of the drive in the event of a resistance against the movement of the sector.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the functional unit is an opening/closing unit designed to automatically open and close the fan section at least during the automatic phase in the mounted state. In particular, such an opening/closing unit may be a door driver for completely opening and closing the sector. The coupling element of the opening/closing unit may then be detachably connected with the sector or with the frame, in particular lockable with the sector or with the frame, and may be moved between the retracted position and the extended position by means of the drive. It is thus not necessary to move the sector to the fully open state by means of the actuator of the opening/closing unit. Instead, it can be provided that the sector is opened during the automatic phase by the opening/closing unit only by the width of one gap, and then the coupling of the adjustment element to the sector or the frame is released, whereby the user can perform further opening by hand.

According to an alternative embodiment of the invention, the functional unit is a support unit which is designed to rotatably support the fan on the frame in the mounted state, wherein the body is a first support which is designed to be fixed on the frame and the coupling element is a second support which is designed to be fixed on the fan, wherein in the mounted state of the functional unit the second support can be displaced transversely to the plane of the frame, preferably by at least 30mm, relative to the first support by means of the drive. By displacing the support, the fan can be pushed away from the frame and thus adjusted to the ventilating position. By moving the support back, the sector can be pulled back onto the frame. The respective bearing unit can be used on the one hand for the forward movement of the sector and on the other hand for the tilting of the sector. To achieve tilting, a corresponding range of motion may be provided for the tilting motion.

The hinge-side fan edge is advanced by means of several bearing units, so that the fan can be opened even if the arrangement of the fitting system is hidden. In the case of a concealed fitting, the axis of rotation lies within the frame profile when the sectors are closed, so that the profile elements abut each other when not previously advanced.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the functional unit is a locking unit which is designed to detachably fix the fan to the frame in the mounted state, wherein the coupling element is a locking element which is movable by means of a drive between a closed position retaining the fan on the frame and an open position releasing the fan. Such a locking unit is used for motor-driven locking and unlocking of the sectors.

The locking element can be, for example, a holding claw pivotable about a pivot axis, which is designed to be brought into latching engagement with a locking pin or the like. Alternatively, the locking element is a pin which can be pushed parallel to the frame plane and which engages in the retaining receptacle in the mounted state of the locking unit, wherein a bevel is provided on a wall section of the retaining receptacle, by means of which bevel a movement of the locking pin parallel to the frame plane is converted into a movement of the sector transverse to the frame plane upon a collision of the locking pin.

Preferably, the pin is adjustable transversely to the direction of movement in at least one adjustment direction, so that after installation, the pin can be placed in the desired position to collide with the inclined surface.

The functional unit according to the invention may be arranged to be fixed to the frame or to the fan section. However, mounting on the frame side is advantageous in terms of simplifying the laying of control and power supply lines. Furthermore, the fan frame can be designed relatively narrow, which is visually attractive.

The drive may be embodied as a motor drive, a magnetic drive, a pneumatic drive or a hydraulic drive. Preferably, the drive comprises a servo motor. The driver may be disposed on the body.

The functional unit according to the invention may have communication means by which it can communicate with another functional unit and/or a central control unit. Several functional units of the accessory can thus be networked to one another.

The invention also relates to a fitting for a structural element, in particular for a window or door, having a functional unit as described above.

According to the invention, such a fitting comprises a holding receptacle comprising: a first receptacle part designed for fastening to the fan or the frame and a second receptacle part which can be adjusted in at least one adjustment direction opposite the first receptacle part, a receptacle opening being formed in the second receptacle part. The second receiving member may be adjustable in one or more directions according to embodiments, preferably manually. The adjustable holding receptacle makes it possible to adjust the contact pressure in a simple manner.

The invention also relates to a construction element for closing an opening, in particular a window or a door, having a frame, a leaf which is movable relative to the frame, and a fitting.

According to the invention, the accessory comprises at least one functional unit as described above. The fitting can comprise several different functional units, depending on the application, i.e. for example two support units and one opening/closing unit or two support units and one locking unit.

Further developments of the invention can also be found in the dependent claims, the description and the drawings.

Drawings

The invention will now be described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 is a simplified schematic view of a window on which an opening/closing unit according to the present invention is disposed.

Fig. 2 illustrates a partial sectional view of an opening/closing unit according to an alternative embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 3 illustrates a support unit designed according to an embodiment of this invention.

Figure 4 illustrates a locking unit designed according to an embodiment of this invention.

Fig. 5 shows the holding receptacle of the locking unit shown in fig. 4 in detail.

Figure 6 illustrates a locking unit designed according to an alternative embodiment of the invention.

List of reference numerals

11 window

13 frame

14 axis of rotation

15 sector

17 functional unit

18 engaging part

20 main body

25 coupling element

26 driver

27 closing edge

29 regulating stroke

30 direction of movement of sectors

33 electronic control device

35 gap

41 first part of the adjusting stroke

42 second part of the adjusting stroke

43 transition position

47 function unit

48 shell

49 fastener

50 screw driving part

57 functional unit

58 first support

59 second support member

60 swivel bearing

62 moving body

63 guide rail

64 screw drive

67 functional unit

68 casing

69 locking pin

70 direction of movement

71 groove

72 holding and accommodating part

73 inner wall

74 bevel

75 direction of adjustment

77 functional unit

78 holding claw

79 groove

80 latch member

91 first receiving member

92 second receiving member

93 receiving opening

Detailed Description

The window 11 shown in fig. 1 has a fixed frame 13 and a sash 15 rotatable about an axis of rotation 14. In order to automatically open and close the fan section 15, a functional unit 17 according to the invention in the form of an opening/closing unit is fixed to the frame 13. The functional unit 17 may be integrated in an accessory system, which is not shown in more detail in fig. 1.

The functional unit 17 comprises a main body 20 fixed to the frame 13 and a coupling element 25 adjustable with respect to the main body 20, the coupling element 25 having an engagement portion 18, the engagement portion 18 being coupled with a closing edge 27 of the sector 15 remote from the hinge. The coupling may be continuous or detachable. In principle, the body 20 can also be fixed to the sector 15 and the coupling element 25 can be coupled to the frame 13.

A drive 26 for the motor-driven adjustment of the coupling element 25 along an adjustment path 29 is arranged on the main body 20 of the functional unit 17. Due to the coupling of the engagement portion 18 with the sector 15, when the coupling element 25 is motor-driven moved relative to the main body 20, the sector 15 moves in the direction of the frame 13 or in the opposite direction thereto, as indicated by the double arrow 30. Preferably, the drive 26 comprises a servomotor with an absolute encoder and, if necessary, an integrated gear train. An electrical energy store for supplying the driver 26 may be integrated into the functional unit 17, although this is not shown in fig. 1.

For controlling the driver 26, an electronic control device 33 is provided, the electronic control device 33 preferably comprising an integrated circuit and being arranged on the body 20. The electronic control means 33 activate and deactivate the driver 26 in dependence of the control signal, and the electronic control means 33 controls or regulates the output power of the activated driver 26.

In order to prevent the limb from being trapped in the gap 35 formed between the frame 13 and the sector 15, the electronic control unit 33 drives the actuator 26 in partial-load operation during the first portion 41 of the adjustment travel 29 and also ensures that an emergency stop of the actuator 26 is triggered in the event of resistance against the movement of the sector 15. The second portion 42 of the adjustment travel 29 adjoins the first portion 41. When the coupling element 25 passes the first portion 41 of the adjustment travel 29 and reaches the second portion 42, starting from the open position shown in fig. 1, the electronic control unit 33 ensures that the drive 26 operates under full load and, in addition, that an emergency stop of the drive 26 is not triggered. This operating state with the safety function deactivated will be maintained up to the end of the adjustment travel 29, i.e. until the sector 15 is completely closed. This generates a pressing pressure which presses the fan 15 sealingly against the frame 13.

As can be seen from fig. 1, the second portion 42 of the adjustment travel 29 starts in the vicinity of the closed position of the sector 15 and has only a shorter travel length than the first portion 41. For example, the stroke length of the second portion 42 may be about 25% of the total stroke length of the adjustment stroke 29. Preferably, the distribution of the adjustment travel 29 between the first portion 41 and the second portion 42 can be selected such that the gap 35 has a maximum width of about 8mm or less when the engagement portion 18 of the coupling element 25 is located at the transition point 43 from the first portion 41 of the adjustment travel 29 to the second portion 42 of the adjustment travel 29. The limb cannot enter the corresponding small gap 35 and there is therefore no risk of squeezing.

The functional unit 47 according to the invention shown in fig. 2 is also designed as an open/close unit and comprises a housing 48, which housing 48 is designed for fastening to the frame 13 (fig. 1). The drive 26, the electronic control device 33 and the screw drive 50 are located in the housing 48, the screw drive 50 being used to convert the rotary movement of the drive 26 into a linear retraction movement and an extension movement of the coupling element 25. The drive 26 may in turn comprise a servomotor with an absolute encoder and, if necessary, an integrated gear mechanism. Instead of the arrangement of the servomotor and screw drive 50, a linear motor or the like may also be provided.

In the embodiment shown in fig. 2, a catch 49 forming the engagement portion 18 is movably mounted on the free end of the coupling element 25. This catch 49 can engage in a substantially known manner behind counter-elements of the sector 15 (fig. 1), not shown, so as to be removably coupled to the sector 15. By means of the coupling element 25 being extended and retracted, the sectors 15 can be opened and closed automatically in an automatic phase, while the remaining opening and closing is done manually. In principle, the housing 48 can also be fixed to the sector 15, and the catch 49 can be designed to couple with the frame 13.

In fig. 3, a further functional unit 57 according to the invention is shown. It is not designed as an opening/closing unit but as a supporting unit. The functional unit 57 has a first support 58 designed to be fixed directly or indirectly to the frame 13 and a second support 59 designed to be fixed directly or indirectly to the sector 15. The second support 59 is rotatably mounted on a moving body 62 through a rotary bearing 60. The moving body 62 is fixed to a guide rail 63, and the guide rail 63 is movably mounted on the first support 58. By means of the screw drive 64, the moving body 62 and the second bearing portion 59 with the moving body 62 can be moved by a displacement of approximately 60mm relative to the first support 58 starting from the basic state in which the first support 58 and the moving body 62 abut against one another. In the mounted state of the functional unit 57, this displacement takes place transversely to the frame plane. By correspondingly controlling the drive 26 connected to the screw drive 64, the second support 59 can be displaced into the advanced state and returned again into the basic state. During the return movement, the deactivation of the safety function in the second portion 42 of the adjustment path 29 generates a contact pressure. In the functional unit 57 designed as a bearing unit, the drive 26 can also comprise a servomotor with an absolute encoder and, if necessary, an integrated gear mechanism. According to an alternative embodiment, the second support 59 is designed to be fixed directly or indirectly to the frame 13, while the first support 58 is designed to be fixed directly or indirectly to the sector 15.

In fig. 4, a further exemplary embodiment of a functional unit 67 according to the present invention is shown. The function unit 67, which is shown in perspective, is designed as a locking unit and has a housing 68, in which housing 68 the drive 26 is accommodated. The drive 26 can in turn comprise a servomotor with an absolute encoder and, if necessary, an integrated gear train, by means of which drive 26 the locking pin 69 can be moved between the securing position and the release position in the direction of movement 70 and in the opposite direction to the direction of movement 70. The housing 68 is designed for fixing to the frame 13 (fig. 1). In the mounted state of the functional unit 67, the direction of movement 70 points in a direction parallel to the plane of the frame. The locking pin 69 has a circumferential groove 71 at its free end, which circumferential groove 71 allows, for example, a form-fitting engagement with a safety arm (not shown). The function unit 67 corresponds to, for example, a socket-shaped holding receptacle 72 disposed on the fan portion 15.

When the locking pin 69 is in the retracted release position, the locking pin 69 is not engaged in the holding receptacle 72, and the function unit 67 is inoperative. When the locking pin 69 is in the extended fixing position, the locking pin 69 is engaged in the holding receptacle 72, thereby fixing the fan section 15 to the frame 13. It should be understood that the housing 68 can also be designed for fastening to the sector 15, wherein the retaining receptacle 72 is arranged on the sector 15.

Fig. 5 shows the holding receptacle 72 in a sectional view. It can be seen that a ramp 74 is formed on the inner wall 73 of the holding receptacle 72, by means of which ramp 74 the movement of the locking pin 69 parallel to the frame plane is converted into a movement of the fan 15 transverse to the frame plane upon a collision of the locking pin 69. During the locking process, the sectors 15 are pressed against the frame 13 in such a way that the deactivation of the safety function in turn generates a pressing pressure. In order to be able to adjust the contact pressure, the holding receptacle 72 can be adjusted in at least one of an adjustment direction 75 and a direction opposite to the adjustment direction 75. For this purpose, the holding receptacle 72 has: a first containing element 91, designed for fixing on the sector 15; and a second receiving member 92 which is manually adjustable in the adjusting direction 75 and in the direction opposite to the adjusting direction 75, opposite to the first receiving member 91, and a receiving opening 93 is formed in the second receiving member 92.

Fig. 6 shows a further functional unit 77 according to the invention, which further functional unit 77 is embodied as a locking unit as the functional unit 67 according to fig. 4 and 5, but which further functional unit 77 has a pivotable retaining claw 78 with a groove 79 which is open on one side instead of a movable locking pin. The width of the slot 79 is such that a cylindrical latch member 80 fits into the slot 79, the cylindrical latch member 80 being configured to be secured to the sector 15 or the frame 13. The holding claw 78 can be moved by the drive 26, and the drive 26 can comprise a servomotor with an absolute encoder and, if necessary, an integrated gear mechanism.

When the holding pawl 78 is in the release position shown in fig. 6, the latch member 80 is not engaged from behind and the sector 15 is free to move. The holding pawl 78 can be transferred into the locking position by pivoting the holding pawl 78 clockwise by means of the drive 26 according to fig. 6. In the locking position, the latch member 80 is locked and the sector 15 is fixed to the frame 13. In this embodiment, the deactivation of the safety function also generates a compacting pressure.

Due to the design of the electronic control means 33, each of the above-mentioned

functional units

17, 47, 57, 67, 77 is capable of generating a continuous sealing pressure between the sector 15 and the frame 13, thus forming a reliable seal of the window 11.

All of the above-described

functional units

17, 47, 57, 67, 77 can be designed with an integrated warning function. In this exemplary embodiment, the drive 26 has a device for position detection, in particular for end position detection. Furthermore, the control device 33 is designed to emit an in particular acoustic and/or optical warning signal when the coupling element leaves a predetermined reference position without a previous activation of the drive 26. In this case, namely, there is concern about unauthorized manipulation of the relevant structural element. The respective

functional unit

17, 47, 57, 67, 77 can advantageously be used as an alarm device.

Claims

1. Functional unit (17, 47, 57, 67, 77) for a structural element (11), in particular for a window or door, wherein the structural element (11) has a frame (13) and a leaf (15) which is movable relative to the frame, wherein the functional unit (11) comprises:

a body (20, 58, 68);

a coupling element (25, 59, 69, 78) adjustable with respect to the main body (20, 58, 68), wherein the main body (20, 58, 68) is designed for being fixed on the frame (13) and the adjustable coupling element (25, 59, 69, 78) is coupled with the sector (15) or couplable with the sector (15) or vice versa;

a drive (26) for motor-driven adjustment of the coupling element (25, 59, 69, 78) along an adjustment stroke (29) such that, in the mounted state of the functional unit (17, 47, 57, 67, 77), the sector (15) coupled with the coupling element (25, 59, 69, 78) is movable in the direction of the frame (13); and

a control device (33) for controlling the drive (26), the control device (33) being designed to provide at least one safety function for anti-pinch protection,

It is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,

the control device (33) is designed to provide the at least one safety function only during a first portion (41) of the adjustment stroke (29) and to deactivate the at least one safety function during a subsequent second portion (42) of the adjustment stroke (29) in order to provide a pressing pressure for the sealed engagement between the sector (15) and the frame (13).

2. The functional unit in accordance with claim 1,

it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,

the coupling element (25, 59, 69, 78) is adjustable between an open position, corresponding to the sector (15) moved away from the frame (13) or to the released sector (15), and a closed position, corresponding to the sector (15) being completely closed, retained, wherein the second portion (42) of the adjustment stroke (29) is the last portion associated with the closed position.

3. The functional unit of claim 1 or 2,

it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,

the second portion (42) of the adjustment stroke (29) has a stroke length of at most 40% of the total stroke length of the adjustment stroke (29), preferably at most 25% of the total stroke length of the adjustment stroke (29).

4. Functional unit according to at least one of the preceding claims,

it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,

when the coupling element (25, 59, 69, 78) is located in a transition position (43) from the first portion (41) of the adjustment path (29) to the second portion (42) of the adjustment path (29), in the installed state of the functional unit (17, 47, 57, 67, 77), a gap (35) formed between the frame (13) and the fan section (15) has a width of 20mm or less, preferably 10mm or less, particularly preferably 8mm or less.

5. Functional unit according to at least one of the preceding claims,

it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,

the control device (33) is designed to instruct the partial-load operation of the drive (26) to provide a safety function and/or to trigger an emergency stop of the drive (26) in the event of a resistance against the movement of the sector (15).

6. Functional unit according to at least one of the preceding claims,

it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,

the functional unit (17, 47) is an opening/closing unit designed to automatically open and close the fan section (15) in the mounted state, at least during an automatic phase.

7. The functional unit in accordance with claim 6,

it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,

the coupling element (25) of the opening/closing unit (17, 47) is detachably coupled, in particular lockable, with the sector (15) or with the frame (13) and is movable between a retracted position and an extended position by means of the drive (26).

8. Functional unit according to at least one of claims 1 to 5,

it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,

the functional unit (57) is a bearing unit which is designed to rotatably support the fan (15) on the frame (13) in a mounted state, wherein the body (58) is a first bearing which is designed to be fixed on the frame (13), and the coupling element is a second bearing (59) which is designed to be fixed on the fan (15), wherein the second bearing is displaceable relative to the first bearing transversely to the frame plane by means of the drive (26) in the mounted state of the functional unit (57).

9. Functional unit according to at least one of claims 1 to 5,

it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,

the functional unit (67, 77) is a locking unit which is designed to detachably fix the fan (15) to the frame (13) in the mounted state, wherein the coupling element (69, 78) is a locking element which is movable by means of the drive (26) between a closed position in which the fan (15) is held on the frame (13) and an open position in which the fan (15) is released.

10. The functional unit in accordance with claim 9,

it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,

the locking element (69) is a pin which can be moved parallel to the frame plane and which engages in a retaining receptacle (72) in the mounted state of the locking unit (67) in the fixed position, wherein a ramp (74) is formed on a wall section (73) of the retaining receptacle (72), by means of which ramp a movement of the pin (69) parallel to the frame plane is converted into a movement of the fan (15) transverse to the frame plane when the pin (69) strikes.

11. The functional unit of claim 10 wherein the functional unit,

it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,

the pin (69) is adjustable transversely to the displacement direction (70) in at least one adjustment direction (75).

12. Fitting for a structural element (11), in particular for a window or door, having a functional unit according to claim 10 or 11,

it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,

a holding receptacle (72) comprising: a first receptacle (91) designed for fastening to the fan (15) or the frame (13), and a second receptacle (92) which is adjustable in at least one adjustment direction (72) relative to the first receptacle (91), a receptacle opening (93) being formed in the second receptacle (92).

13. A structural element (11) for closing an opening, in particular a window or door, the structural element (11) having a frame (13), a leaf (15) which is movable relative to the frame (13), and an accessory,

it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,

the accessory comprises at least one functional unit (17, 47, 57, 67, 77) according to any one of claims 1 to 11.