CN111867121B - Random access method and terminal - Google Patents
Random access method and terminal Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111867121B CN111867121B CN201910340585.4A CN201910340585A CN111867121B CN 111867121 B CN111867121 B CN 111867121B CN 201910340585 A CN201910340585 A CN 201910340585A CN 111867121 B CN111867121 B CN 111867121B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- pusch
- power
- delta
- transmission
- transmission power
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W74/00—Wireless channel access, e.g. scheduled or random access
- H04W74/08—Non-scheduled or contention based access, e.g. random access, ALOHA, CSMA [Carrier Sense Multiple Access]
- H04W74/0833—Non-scheduled or contention based access, e.g. random access, ALOHA, CSMA [Carrier Sense Multiple Access] using a random access procedure
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W74/00—Wireless channel access, e.g. scheduled or random access
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W74/00—Wireless channel access, e.g. scheduled or random access
- H04W74/002—Transmission of channel access control information
- H04W74/004—Transmission of channel access control information in the uplink, i.e. towards network
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W74/00—Wireless channel access, e.g. scheduled or random access
- H04W74/08—Non-scheduled or contention based access, e.g. random access, ALOHA, CSMA [Carrier Sense Multiple Access]
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
Abstract
The embodiment of the invention provides a random access method and a terminal, wherein the method comprises the following steps: according to the system information, obtaining the transmission power of a Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) in a random access flow; and sending the PUSCH according to the transmission power of the PUSCH. The scheme of the invention can better ensure the transmission performance of the MsgA in the random access process.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a random access method and a terminal.
Background
In the prior art, as shown in fig. 1, a 4-step RACH procedure in which a terminal initiates a Contention-based Random Access (CBRA) is roughly as follows:
1) a terminal sends an uplink signal containing Preamble (Preamble sequence, Preamble or pilot) on a resource of a Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH), which is called Msg 1;
2) a terminal receives a Random Access Response (RAR) sent by a base station side, and the RAR is called Msg 2;
3) the terminal sends uplink data on the uplink time-frequency resource indicated by the RAR, and the uplink data is called Msg 3;
4) the terminal receives downlink data transmitted from the base station side, the downlink data including information related to contention resolution, which is called Msg 4.
In order to reduce the random access delay, as shown in fig. 2, the random access procedure may be 2-step RACH, i.e., Msg1 and Msg3 in the original 4-step RACH are collected into one step for transmission, which is called MsgA; msg2 and Msg4 are further merged into MsgB, and the specific message content may vary.
In the original 4-step RACH procedure, when the terminal sends Msg3, closed-loop power control is required to improve reliability of Msg3 transmission. The method is that Msg2(RAR) includes MAC-CE (media access control-control element) information indication, and UL-grant (uplink scheduling) field in MAC-CE occupies 27 bits in total, as shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
Wherein the 3 bits occupied by the TPC command are used to adjust the transmit power of Msg 3. The specific TPC command corresponds to the power offset value, see table 2.
TABLE 2
| TPC Command | Value(in dB) |
| 0 | -6 |
| 1 | -4 |
| 2 | -2 |
| 3 | 0 |
| 4 | 2 |
| 5 | 4 |
| 6 | 6 |
| 7 | 8 |
In the 2-step RACH procedure, the terminal will send PUSCH in the first step MsgA, and thus, the conventional closed-loop power control method cannot be adopted.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a random access method and a terminal, so that the MsgA transmission performance in a two-step random access process is better ensured.
To solve the above technical problem, an embodiment of the present invention provides the following solutions:
a random access method is applied to a terminal, and the method comprises the following steps:
acquiring transmission power of a Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) in a random access flow according to system information;
and sending the PUSCH according to the transmission power of the PUSCH.
The method for acquiring the transmission power of the Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) in the random access process according to the system information comprises the following steps:
obtaining the transmission power of the PUSCH according to at least one of the PUSCH bandwidth, the pilot frequency receiving target power and the configured power deviation value in the system information; alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
and acquiring the transmission power of a pilot frequency according to the system information, and acquiring the transmission power of the PUSCH according to the transmission power of the pilot frequency.
Wherein, obtaining the transmission power of the PUSCH according to at least one of the PUSCH bandwidth, the pilot reception target power, and the configured power offset value in the system information includes:
by the formula
Obtaining the transmission power of the PUSCH;
wherein, the P is CMAX Is a configured maximum transmission power or a configured transmission power;
P O_PRE receiving a target power for a pilot;
△ delta is a configured power offset value;
u is a subcarrier interval configuration parameter;
alpha is a configuration parameter;
PL is the path loss;
△ TF 0 or 10log 10 (2 BPRE -1) or a value determined according to the MCS;
wherein, the
C is the number of code blocks, K r Is the size, N, of the code block K RE Removing the residual RE number of the Resource Elements (RE) occupied by the DMRS for the PUSCH;
△ n is the power adjustment value.
Wherein the Δ delta And Δ delta_msg3 The delta is configured by the same parameter or by different parameters delta Is a power offset value of PUSCH relative to a pilot, the Δ delta_msg3 The Msg3 power offset value relative to the pilot in the four-step random access procedure.
Wherein the Δ n The determination process of (1), comprising:
if the MsgA in the random access process is the first transmission, or the Msg at the timeA is successfully transmitted by at least one MsgA within a preset time period before transmission, and then delta n Is zero;
or, delta n A total power increase value is determined for the first PUSCH transmission to the current or last PUSCH transmission; the MsgA includes a pilot and a PUSCH.
Wherein, Δ n The determined total power increase value from the first PUSCH transmission to the current or last PUSCH transmission comprises:
△ n ＝△P rampup_pusch ；
△P rampup_pusch by the formula: delta P rampup_pusch ＝{max{0,P CMAX -P},△P rampup_pusch_n Determining;
wherein, P CMAX Is a configured maximum transmission power or a configured transmission power;
P O_PRE receiving a target power for a pilot;
△ delta is a configured power offset value;
u is a subcarrier interval configuration parameter;
alpha is a configuration parameter;
PL is the path loss;
△ TF 0 or 10log 10 (2 BPRE -1) or a value determined according to the MCS;
wherein, the
C is the number of code blocks, K r Is the size, N, of the code block K RE Removing the residual RE number of the Resource Elements (RE) occupied by the DMRS for the PUSCH;
△P rampup_pusch_n can be represented by the formula: delta P rampup_pusch_n ＝(n-1)×s PUSCH Determining;
wherein s is PUSCH Adjusting a step value for the configured PUSCH power, wherein the PUSCH power adjustment step value and the pilot power adjustment step value are the same or different values configured independently; (n-1) is the number of times of PUSCH power adjustment, and n is an integer greater than or equal to 1.
Acquiring transmission power of a pilot according to the system information, and acquiring transmission power of the PUSCH according to the transmission power of the pilot, including:
by passing
Obtaining the transmission power of the PUSCH;
wherein, the P CMAX Is a configured maximum transmission power or a configured transmission power;
P PRE is the transmission power of the pilot;
△ Delta is a configured power offset value;
u is a subcarrier interval configuration parameter;
△ TF 0 or 10log 10 (2 BPRE -1) or a value determined according to the MCS;
the described
Wherein C is the number of code blocks, K r Is the size, N, of the code block K RE Removing the residual RE number of the resource elements RE occupied by the DMRS for the PUSCH;
△ n is a power adjustment value.
Wherein, Δ n The determination process of (1), comprising:
if the random access procedure is performedIf the middle MsgA is the first transmission or the MsgA is successfully transmitted at least one time within a preset time period before the MsgA is transmitted this time, delta n Is zero, or is the configured parameter Δ 0 Or, alternatively, with the Δ in the last MsgA transmission n-1 The values are the same;
or, delta n A total power increase value is determined for the first PUSCH transmission to the current or last PUSCH transmission; the MsgA includes a pilot and a PUSCH.
Wherein, Δ n The determined total power increase value from the first PUSCH transmission to the current or last PUSCH transmission comprises:
△ n ＝△P rampup_pusch ，
△P rampup_pusch by the formula: delta P rampup_pusch ＝{max{0,P CMAX -P},△P rampup_pusch_n Determining;
wherein, the P CMAX Is a configured maximum transmission power or a configured transmission power;
△ TF 0 or 10log 10 (2 BPRE -1) or a value of MCS determination; wherein, the
Wherein C is the number of code blocks, K r Taking the size of a code block K, and taking NRE as the number of residual REs of resource elements RE occupied by the PUSCH to remove DMRS;
△P rampup_pusch_n can be represented by the formula: delta P rampup_pusch_n ＝(n-1)×s △ Determining;
wherein n-1 is the frequency of PUSCH power adjustment, and n is an integer greater than or equal to 1;
s △ and the PUSCH power adjustment stepping value and the pilot power adjustment stepping value are respectively configured to be the same or different values.
An embodiment of the present invention further provides a terminal, including:
a transceiver for receiving system information;
the processor is used for acquiring the transmission power of a Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) in a random access process according to the system information;
the transceiver is further configured to transmit the PUSCH according to the transmission power of the PUSCH.
Wherein the processor is specifically configured to: obtaining the transmission power of the PUSCH according to at least one of the PUSCH bandwidth, the pilot frequency receiving target power and the configured power deviation value in the system information; or, acquiring the transmission power of a pilot frequency according to the system information, and acquiring the transmission power of the PUSCH according to the transmission power of the pilot frequency.
Wherein, obtaining the transmission power of the PUSCH according to at least one of the PUSCH bandwidth, the pilot reception target power, and the configured power offset value in the system information includes:
by the formula
Obtaining the transmission power of the PUSCH;
wherein, the P CMAX Is a configured maximum transmission power or a configured transmission power;
P O_PRE receiving a target power for a pilot;
△ delta is a configured power offset value;
u is a subcarrier interval configuration parameter;
alpha is a configuration parameter;
PL is the path loss;
△ TF 0 or 10log 10 (2 BPRE -1) or a value determined according to the MCS;
wherein, the
C is the number of code blocks, K r Is the size, N, of the code block K RE Removing the residual RE number of the resource elements RE occupied by the DMRS for the PUSCH;
△ n is the power adjustment value.
Acquiring transmission power of a pilot according to the system information, and acquiring transmission power of the PUSCH according to the transmission power of the pilot, including:
by the formula:
obtaining the transmission power of the PUSCH;
wherein, the P CMAX Is a configured maximum transmission power or a configured transmission power;
P PRE is the transmission power of the pilot;
△ Delta is a configured power offset value;
u is a subcarrier interval configuration parameter;
△ TF 0 or 10log 10 (2 BPRE -1) or a value determined according to the MCS;
the described
Wherein C is the number of code blocks, K r Is the size, N, of the code block K RE Removing the residual RE number of the Resource Elements (RE) occupied by the DMRS for the PUSCH;
△ n is a power adjustment value.
An embodiment of the present invention further provides a random access apparatus, including:
the receiving and sending module is used for receiving system information;
the processing module is used for acquiring the transmission power of a Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) in a random access process according to the system information;
the transceiver module is further configured to transmit the PUSCH according to the transmission power of the PUSCH.
Wherein the processing module is specifically configured to: obtaining the transmission power of the PUSCH according to at least one of the PUSCH bandwidth, the pilot frequency receiving target power and the configured power deviation value in the system information; or, acquiring the transmission power of a pilot frequency according to the system information, and acquiring the transmission power of the PUSCH according to the transmission power of the pilot frequency.
Wherein, obtaining the transmission power of the PUSCH according to at least one of the PUSCH bandwidth, the pilot reception target power, and the configured power offset value in the system information includes:
by the formula
Obtaining the transmission power of the PUSCH;
wherein, the P CMAX Is a configured maximum transmission power or a configured transmission power;
P O_PRE receiving a target power for a pilot;
△ delta is a configured power offset value;
u is a subcarrier interval configuration parameter;
alpha is a configuration parameter;
PL is the path loss;
△ TF 0 or 10log 10 (2 BPRE -1) or a value determined according to the MCS;
wherein, the
C is the number of code blocks, K r Is the size, N, of the code block K RE Removing the residual RE number of the Resource Elements (RE) occupied by the DMRS for the PUSCH;
△ n is the power adjustment value.
Acquiring transmission power of a pilot according to the system information, and acquiring transmission power of the PUSCH according to the transmission power of the pilot, including:
by the formula:
obtaining the transmission power of the PUSCH;
wherein, the P CMAX Is a configured maximum transmission power or a configured transmission power;
P PRE is the transmission power of the pilot;
△ Delta is a configured power offset value;
u is a subcarrier interval configuration parameter;
△ TF 0 or 10log 10 (2 BPRE -1) or a value determined according to the MCS;
the above-mentioned
Wherein C is the number of code blocks, K r Is the size, N, of the code block K RE Removing the residual RE number occupied by the DMRS for the PUSCH;
△ n is a power adjustment value.
An embodiment of the present invention further provides a terminal, including: a processor, a memory storing a computer program which, when executed by the processor, performs the method as described above.
Embodiments of the present invention also provide a computer-readable storage medium including instructions that, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method as described above.
The scheme of the invention at least comprises the following beneficial effects:
according to the scheme, the transmission power of a Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) in a random access process is obtained according to system information; and sending the PUSCH according to the transmission power of the PUSCH. Therefore, closed-loop indication on the base station side is not needed, the power of the PUSCH can be determined in an open-loop mode based on the system information, and the method is suitable for PUSCH transmission in the 2-step RACH MsgA. The power control can be performed on the PUSCH transmission in the MsgA, so that the MsgA transmission performance in the random access process can be better ensured.
By independently configuring the power offset value of the PUSCH relative to the pilot frequency aiming at the 2-step RACH, the flexibility of system configuration can be ensured, and the configuration of the power of the PUSCH in the MsgA is prevented from being limited by the existing 4-step RACH flow. For example, in consideration of the characteristics of the open loop power, the value configured for the 2-step RACH may be larger than the value configured for the 2-step RACH, which ensures transmission reliability under the open loop power control.
In addition, the PUSCH power adjustment stepping value and the pilot frequency power adjustment stepping value in the scheme are configured independently, so that the transmission power can be adjusted independently according to the PUSCH channel characteristics, the binding with the pilot frequency power adjustment can be avoided, the transmission performance of the PUSCH can be improved better, and the transmission performance of the MsgA in the random access process can be better ensured.
On the other hand, the technical scheme of obtaining the transmission power of the PUSCH according to the transmission power of the pilot frequency can avoid repeated calculation of certain parameters when the PUSCH power is calculated, and relatively reduce the calculation complexity.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a four-step random access procedure;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a two-step random access procedure;
fig. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a random access method according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a terminal architecture according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.
As shown in fig. 3, an embodiment of the present invention provides a random access method, applied to a terminal, including:
and step 32, sending the PUSCH according to the transmission power of the PUSCH.
According to the scheme, the transmission power of a Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) in a random access process is obtained according to system information; and sending the PUSCH according to the transmission power of the PUSCH. Therefore, closed-loop indication on the base station side is not needed, the power of the PUSCH can be determined in an open-loop mode based on the system information, and the method is suitable for PUSCH transmission in the 2-step RACH MsgA. The power control can be performed on the PUSCH transmission in the MsgA, so that the MsgA transmission performance in the random access process can be better ensured.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the step 31 may specifically include:
step 311, obtaining the transmission power of the PUSCH according to at least one of the PUSCH bandwidth, the pilot frequency reception target power, and the configured power offset value in the system information; or alternatively
Step 312, obtaining the transmission power of the pilot frequency according to the system information, and obtaining the transmission power of the PUSCH according to the transmission power of the pilot frequency. Here, the pilot reception target power is indicated in the system information, and the transmission power of the pilot may be the same as the pilot reception target power, or the transmission power of the pilot may be calculated by a preset algorithm according to the pilot reception target power.
Wherein, step 311 may specifically include:
by the formula
Obtaining the transmission power of the PUSCH;
wherein, the P CMAX Is a configured maximum transmission power or a configured transmission power;
P O_PRE receiving a target power for a pilot;
△ delta is a configured power offset value;
u is a subcarrier interval configuration parameter;
alpha is a configuration parameter;
PL is the path loss;
△ TF 0 or 10log 10 (2 BPRE -1) or a value determined according to the MCS;
wherein, the
C is the number of code blocks, K r Is the size, N, of the code block K RE Removing the residual RE number of REs (resource elements) occupied by the DMRS for the PUSCH;
△ n is the power adjustment value.
Here, an RB is defined as 12 consecutive subcarriers of the frequency domain; an RE is defined as one subcarrier on one symbol.
Wherein the Δ is delta And Δ delta_msg3 The delta is configured by the same parameter or by different parameters delta The Δ is a power offset value of the PUSCH relative to the pilot delta_msg3 The Msg3 power offset value relative to the pilot in the four-step random access procedure.
Wherein Delta is determined n The method specifically comprises the following steps:
1) if MsgA in the random access process is the first transmission, or at least one MsgA successful transmission in a preset time period before the MsgA transmission of the time, delta n Is zero;
or, delta n A total power increase value is determined for the first PUSCH transmission to the current or last PUSCH transmission; the MsgA includes a pilot and a PUSCH.
Wherein, Δ n The determined total power increase value from the first PUSCH transmission to the current or last PUSCH transmission comprises:
△ n ＝△P rampup_pusch ；
△P rampup_pusch by the formula: delta P rampup_pusch ＝{max{0,P CMAX -P},△P rampup_pusch_n Determining;
wherein, P CMAX Is a configured maximum transmission power or a configured transmission power;
P O_PRE receiving a target power for a pilot;
△ delta is a configured power offset value;
u is a subcarrier interval configuration parameter;
alpha is a configuration parameter;
PL is the path loss;
△ TF 0 or 10log 10 (2 BPRE -1) or a value determined according to the MCS;
wherein, the
C is the number of code blocks, K r Is the size, N, of the code block K RE Removing the residual RE number occupied by the DMRS for the PUSCH;
△P rampup_pusch_n can be determined by the formula: delta P rampup_pusch_n ＝(n-1)×s PUSCH Determining;
wherein s is PUSCH Adjusting a step value for the configured PUSCH power, wherein the PUSCH power adjustment step value and the pilot power adjustment step value are the same or different values configured independently; (n-1) is the number of times of PUSCH power adjustment, and n is an integer greater than or equal to 1.
Wherein, step 312 may specifically include:
by the formula
Obtaining the transmission power of the PUSCH;
wherein, the P CMAX Is a configured maximum transmission power or a configured transmission power;
P PRE is the transmission power of the pilot;
△ Delta is a configured power offset value;
u is a subcarrier interval configuration parameter;
△ TF 0 or 10log 10 (2 BPRE -1) or a value determined according to the MCS;
the described
Wherein C is the number of code blocks, K r Is the size, N, of the code block K RE Removing the residual RE number occupied by the DMRS for the PUSCH;
△ n is a power adjustment value.
Wherein, Δ n The determination process of (1), comprising:
if MsgA in the random access process is the first transmission, or MsgA is successfully sent at least one time within a preset time period before the MsgA is sent this time, delta n Is zero, or is the configured parameter Δ 0 Or, delta from the last MsgA transmission n-1 The values are the same;
or, delta n A total power increase value is determined for the first PUSCH transmission to the current or last PUSCH transmission; the MsgA includes a pilot and a PUSCH.
Wherein, Δ n The determined total power increase value from the first PUSCH transmission to the current or last PUSCH transmission comprises:
△ n ＝△P rampup_pusch ，
△P rampup_pusch by the formula: delta P rampup_pusch ＝{max{0,P CMAX -P},△P rampup_pusch_n Determining;
wherein, the P CMAX Is a configured maximum transmission power or a configured transmission power;
△P rampup_pusch_n can be determined by the formula: delta P rampup_pusch_n ＝(n-1)×s △ Determining;
wherein n-1 is the frequency of PUSCH power adjustment, and n is an integer greater than or equal to 1;
s △ and the PUSCH power adjustment stepping value and the pilot frequency power adjustment stepping value are respectively configured to be the same or different values.
In an embodiment of the present invention, in the step 32, when the PUSCH is transmitted, the method may further include: sending the pilot frequency in the random access flow; the transmission power of the pilot frequency is determined according to the system information, and the transmission power of the pilot frequency may be the same as the pilot frequency receiving target power indicated in the system information, or the transmission power of the pilot frequency may be obtained by a preset algorithm operation according to the pilot frequency receiving target power.
In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the random access method may further include: and receiving a random access response message (namely MsgB) sent by the network equipment.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the transmission power of a Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) in a random access process is obtained according to the system information; and sending the PUSCH according to the transmission power of the PUSCH. This is an open-loop power control method that can be used to determine the PUSCH transmission power in MsgA.
In the above embodiment of the present invention, different power adjustment step values may be configured for the pilot frequency and the PUSCH, a closed-loop indication on the base station side is not required, the power of the PUSCH may be determined in an open-loop manner, and the method is suitable for PUSCH transmission in 2-step RACH MsgA. The delta delta The power offset value for PUSCH relative to the pilot may be equal to Δ delta_msg3 Is independently configured, ensures the flexibility of system configuration, and avoids the configuration of PUSCH power in MsgAIs and delta delta_msg3 And (4) binding. For example, in consideration of the characteristics of the open loop power, Δ delta The configured values may be relative to Δ delta_msg3 And larger, thus ensuring the transmission reliability under the open-loop power control. The PUSCH power adjustment stepping value and the pilot frequency power adjustment stepping value in the scheme are configured independently, so that the sending power can be adjusted independently according to the PUSCH channel characteristics, the binding with the pilot frequency power adjustment can be avoided, the transmission performance of the PUSCH can be improved better, and the transmission performance of the MsgA in the random access process can be better ensured.
In addition, according to the scheme of the invention, the transmission power of the PUSCH is obtained according to the transmission power of the pilot frequency. The method has the advantages that the pilot frequency power value is obtained through calculation, and the PUSCH power value is obtained based on the pilot frequency power value. Specifically, the power value of the pilot frequency is obtained according to the system information, so that the method avoids repeated calculation of certain parameters when calculating the PUSCH power, and relatively reduces the calculation complexity.
As shown in fig. 4, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a terminal 40, including:
a transceiver 41 for receiving system information;
a processor 42, configured to obtain, according to the system information, transmission power of a physical uplink shared channel PUSCH in a random access procedure;
the transceiver 41 is further configured to transmit the PUSCH according to the transmission power of the PUSCH.
Wherein the processor 42 is specifically configured to: acquiring the transmission power of the PUSCH according to at least one of the PUSCH bandwidth, the pilot frequency receiving target power and the configured power offset value in the system information; or, acquiring the transmission power of a pilot frequency according to the system information, and acquiring the transmission power of the PUSCH according to the transmission power of the pilot frequency.
Wherein, obtaining the transmission power of the PUSCH according to at least one of the PUSCH bandwidth, the pilot reception target power, and the configured power offset value in the system information includes:
according to
Obtaining the transmission power of the PUSCH;
wherein, the P is CMAX Is a configured maximum transmission power or a configured transmission power;
P O_PRE receiving a target power for a pilot;
△ delta is a configured power offset value;
u is a subcarrier interval configuration parameter;
alpha is a configuration parameter;
PL is the path loss;
△ TF 0 or 10log 10 (2 BPRE -1) or a value determined according to the MCS;
wherein, the
C is the number of code blocks, K r Is the size, N, of the code block K RE Removing the residual RE number of REs (resource elements) occupied by the DMRS for the PUSCH;
△ n is the power adjustment value.
Wherein the Δ delta And Δ delta_msg3 The delta is configured by the same parameter or by different parameters delta The Δ is a power offset value of the PUSCH relative to the pilot delta_msg3 The Msg3 power offset value relative to the pilot in the four-step random access procedure.
Wherein the Δ n The determination process of (2), comprising:
if the random access request message MsgA in the random access process is transmitted for the first time, or at least one MsgA in a preset time period before the MsgA is transmitted for the current time is successfully transmitted, delta n Is zero;
or, delta n A total power increase value is determined for the first PUSCH transmission to the current or last PUSCH transmission; the MsgA includes a pilot and a PUSCH.
Wherein, Δ n The determined total power increase value from the first PUSCH transmission to the current or last PUSCH transmission comprises:
△ n ＝△P rampup_pusch ；
△P rampup_pusch by the formula: delta P rampup_pusch ＝{max{0,P CMAX -P},△P rampup_pusch_n Determining;
wherein, P CMAX Is a configured maximum transmission power or a configured transmission power;
P O_PRE receiving a target power for a pilot;
△ delta is a configured power offset value;
u is a subcarrier interval configuration parameter;
alpha is a configuration parameter;
PL is the path loss;
△ TF 0 or 10log 10 (2 BPRE -1) or a value determined according to the MCS;
wherein, the
C is the number of code blocks, K r Is the size, N, of the code block K RE Removing the residual RE number occupied by the DMRS for the PUSCH;
△P rampup_pusch_n can be determined by the formula: delta P rampup_pusch_n ＝(n-1)×s PUSCH Determining;
wherein s is PUSCH Adjusting a step value for the configured PUSCH power, wherein the PUSCH power adjustment step value and the pilot power adjustment step value are the same or different values configured independently; (n-1) is the number of times of PUSCH power adjustment, and n is an integer greater than or equal to 1.
Acquiring transmission power of a pilot according to system information, and acquiring transmission power of the PUSCH according to the transmission power of the pilot, wherein the acquiring includes:
by the formula
Obtaining the transmission power of the PUSCH;
wherein, the P CMAX Is a configured maximum transmission power or a configured transmission power;
P PRE is the transmission power of the pilot;
△ Delta is a configured power offset value;
u is a subcarrier interval configuration parameter;
△ TF 0 or 10log 10 (2 BPRE -1) or a value determined according to the MCS;
the above-mentioned
Wherein C is the number of code blocks, K r Is the size, N, of the code block K RE Removing the residual RE number occupied by the DMRS for the PUSCH;
△ n is a power adjustment value.
Wherein, Δ n The determination process of (1), comprising:
if the MsgA in the random access process is the first transmission, or at least one MsgA in a preset time period before the MsgA is sent is successfully sent, delta n Is zero, or is the configured parameter Δ 0 Or, delta from the last MsgA transmission n-1 The values are the same;
or, delta n A total power increase value is determined for the first PUSCH transmission to the current or last PUSCH transmission; the MsgA includes a pilot and a PUSCH.
Wherein, Δ n The determined total power increase value from the first PUSCH transmission to the current or last PUSCH transmission comprises:
△ n ＝△P rampup_pusch ，
△P rampup_pusch by the formula: delta P rampup_pusch ＝{max{0,P CMAX -P},△P rampup_pusch_n Determining;
wherein, the P is CMAX Is a configured maximum transmission power or a configured transmission power;
△P rampup_pusch_n can be determined by the formula: delta P rampup_pusch_n ＝(n-1)×s △ Determining;
wherein n-1 is the frequency of PUSCH power adjustment, and n is an integer greater than or equal to 1;
s △ adjusting step values and pilot power adjustments for PUSCH powerThe difference value of the step value, the PUSCH power adjustment step value and the pilot power adjustment step value are respectively configured to be the same or different values.
Wherein the transceiver is further configured to: sending the pilot frequency in the random access flow; and receiving a random access response message in a random access flow sent by the network equipment.
It should be noted that the terminal is a terminal corresponding to the method of the terminal, and all implementation manners in the embodiment of the method are applicable to the embodiment of the terminal, and the same technical effect can be achieved. The terminal 40 may further include: the memory 43, the transceiver 41 and the processor 42, and the transceiver 41 and the memory 43 may be connected through a bus interface, the functions of the transceiver 41 may be implemented by the processor 42, and the functions of the processor 42 may also be implemented by the transceiver 41.
An embodiment of the present invention further provides a random access apparatus, including:
the receiving and sending module is used for receiving system information;
the processing module is used for acquiring the transmission power of a Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) in a random access process according to the system information;
the transceiver module is further configured to transmit the PUSCH according to the transmission power of the PUSCH.
Wherein the processing module is specifically configured to: acquiring the transmission power of the PUSCH according to at least one of the PUSCH bandwidth, the pilot frequency receiving target power and the configured power offset value in the system information; or, acquiring the transmission power of a pilot according to the system information, and acquiring the transmission power of the PUSCH according to the transmission power of the pilot.
Wherein, obtaining the transmission power of the PUSCH according to at least one of the PUSCH bandwidth, the pilot reception target power, and the configured power offset value in the system information includes:
by the formula
Obtaining transmission power of the PUSCH；
Wherein, the P CMAX Is a configured maximum transmission power or a configured transmission power;
P O_PRE receiving a target power for a pilot;
△ delta is a configured power offset value;
u is a subcarrier interval configuration parameter;
alpha is a configuration parameter;
PL is the path loss;
△ TF 0 or 10log 10 (2 BPRE -1) or a value determined according to the MCS;
wherein, the
C is the number of code blocks, K r Is the size, N, of the code block K RE Removing the residual RE number of the resource elements RE occupied by the DMRS for the PUSCH;
△ n is a power adjustment value.
Acquiring transmission power of a pilot according to the system information, and acquiring transmission power of the PUSCH according to the transmission power of the pilot, including:
by the formula:
obtaining the transmission power of the PUSCH;
wherein, the P CMAX Is a configured maximum transmission power or a configured transmission power;
P PRE is the transmission power of the pilot;
△ Delta is a configured power offset value;
u is a subcarrier interval configuration parameter;
△ TF 0 or 10log 10 (2 BPRE -1) or a value determined according to the MCS;
the above-mentioned
Wherein C is the number of code blocks, K r Is the size, N, of the code block K RE Removing the residual RE number occupied by the DMRS for the PUSCH;
△ n is a power adjustment value.
It should be noted that the apparatus is an apparatus corresponding to the method of the terminal, and all implementation manners in the embodiment of the method are applicable to the embodiment of the terminal, and the same technical effect can be achieved.
An embodiment of the present invention further provides a terminal, including: a processor, and a memory storing a computer program, which when executed by the processor, is adapted to perform all the implementations of the above-described method embodiment of the terminal-side method shown in fig. 2, and achieve the same technical effects.
Embodiments of the present invention also provide a computer-readable storage medium including instructions that, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method as described above. All the implementation manners in the above method embodiment are applicable to this embodiment, and the same technical effect can be achieved.
The scheme of the invention obtains the transmission power of a Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) in a random access process according to system information, wherein the system information is received before the random access process; and sending the PUSCH according to the transmission power of the PUSCH. The method does not need closed-loop indication at the base station side, can determine the power of the PUSCH in an open loop mode, and is suitable for PUSCH transmission in the 2-step RACH MsgA. The delta delta The power offset value for PUSCH relative to the pilot may be equal to Δ delta_msg3 Is independently configured, ensures the flexibility of system configuration, and avoids the configuration of the power of the PUSCH in the MsgA from being equal to the delta delta_msg3 And (4) binding. For example, in consideration of the characteristics of the open loop power, Δ delta The configured values may be relative to Δ delta_msg3 And larger, thus ensuring the transmission reliability under the open loop power control. The PUSCH power adjustment stepping value and the pilot frequency power adjustment stepping value in the scheme are configured independently, so that independent adjustment of sending power according to the PUSCH channel characteristics is guaranteed, binding with pilot frequency power adjustment can be avoided, the transmission performance of the PUSCH can be improved better, and the transmission performance of the MsgA in a random access flow is guaranteed better.
In addition, according to the scheme of the invention, the transmission power of the PUSCH is obtained according to the transmission power of the pilot frequency. The method has the advantages that the pilot frequency power value is obtained through calculation, and the PUSCH power value is obtained based on the pilot frequency power value. Specifically, the power value of the pilot frequency is obtained according to the system information, so that the method avoids repeated calculation of certain parameters when calculating the PUSCH power, and relatively reduces the calculation complexity.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the various illustrative elements and algorithm steps described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented as electronic hardware or combinations of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the implementation. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present invention.
It is clear to those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the above-described systems, apparatuses and units may refer to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and are not described herein again.
In the embodiments provided in the present invention, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and method may be implemented in other ways. For example, the above-described apparatus embodiments are merely illustrative, and for example, the division of the units is only one logical division, and other divisions may be realized in practice, for example, a plurality of units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not executed. In addition, the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, and may be in an electrical, mechanical or other form.
The units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment.
In addition, functional units in the embodiments of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated into one unit.
The functions may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium if they are implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as separate products. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present invention may be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to execute all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: various media capable of storing program codes, such as a U disk, a removable hard disk, a ROM, a RAM, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.
Furthermore, it is to be noted that in the device and method of the invention, it is obvious that the individual components or steps can be decomposed and/or recombined. These decompositions and/or recombinations are to be regarded as equivalents of the present invention. Also, the steps of performing the series of processes described above may naturally be performed chronologically in the order described, but need not necessarily be performed chronologically, and some steps may be performed in parallel or independently of each other. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all or any of the steps or elements of the method and apparatus of the present invention may be implemented in any computing device (including processors, storage media, etc.) or network of computing devices, in hardware, firmware, software, or any combination thereof, which can be implemented by those skilled in the art using their basic programming skills after reading the description of the present invention.
The object of the invention is thus also achieved by a program or a set of programs running on any computing device. The computing device may be a well-known general purpose device. The object of the invention is thus also achieved solely by providing a program product comprising program code for implementing the method or the apparatus. That is, such a program product also constitutes the present invention, and a storage medium storing such a program product also constitutes the present invention. It is to be understood that the storage medium may be any known storage medium or any storage medium developed in the future. It is further noted that in the apparatus and method of the present invention, it is apparent that each component or step can be decomposed and/or recombined. These decompositions and/or recombinations are to be regarded as equivalents of the present invention. Also, the steps of executing the series of processes described above may naturally be executed chronologically in the order described, but need not necessarily be executed chronologically. Some steps may be performed in parallel or independently of each other.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. A random access method is applied to a terminal, and the method comprises the following steps:
according to the system information, obtaining the transmission power of a Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) in a random access flow;
sending the PUSCH according to the transmission power of the PUSCH;
the method for acquiring the transmission power of the Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) in the random access process according to the system information comprises the following steps:
acquiring the transmission power of the PUSCH according to at least one of the PUSCH bandwidth, the pilot frequency receiving target power and the configured power offset value in the system information;
wherein, obtaining the transmission power of the PUSCH according to at least one of the PUSCH bandwidth, the pilot reception target power, and the configured power offset value in the system information includes:
by the formula
Obtaining the transmission power of the PUSCH;
wherein, the P is CMAX Is a configured maximum transmission power or a configured transmission power;
P O_PRE receiving a target power for a pilot;
Δ delta is a configured power offset value;
u is a subcarrier interval configuration parameter;
alpha is a configuration parameter;
PL is the path loss;
Δ TF 0 or 10log 10 (2 BPRE -1) or a value determined according to the MCS;
wherein, the
C is the number of code blocks, K r Is the size, N, of the code block K RE Removing the residual RE number of the resource elements RE occupied by the DMRS for the PUSCH;
Δ n is a power adjustment value;
wherein, the delta delta And delta delta_msg3 Configured by the same parameter or configured by different parameters, the delta delta Is the power offset value, Δ, of the PUSCH relative to the pilot delta_msg3 A power offset value of Msg3 relative to pilot frequency in the four-step random access process;
wherein, the delta n The determination process of (1), comprising:
if the MsgA in the random access process is the first transmission, or at least one MsgA successful transmission in a preset time period before the current MsgA transmission, delta n Is zero;
or, a n A total power increase value is determined for the first PUSCH transmission to the current or last PUSCH transmission;
the MsgA includes a pilot and a PUSCH.
2. The random access method of claim 1, wherein the delta is greater than a threshold value n The determined total power increase value from the first PUSCH transmission to the current or last PUSCH transmission further comprises:
Δ n ＝ΔP rampup_pusch ；
ΔP rampup_pusch by the formula: delta P rampup_pusch ＝{max{0,P CMAX -P},ΔP rampup_pusch_n Determining;
wherein, P CMAX Is a configured maximum transmission power or a configured transmission power;
P O_PRE receiving a target power for a pilot;
Δ delta to be configured ofA power offset value;
u is a subcarrier interval configuration parameter;
alpha is a configuration parameter;
PL is the path loss;
Δ TF 0 or 10log 10 (2 BPRE -1) or a value determined according to the MCS;
wherein, the
C is the number of code blocks, K r Is the size, N, of the code block K RE Removing the residual RE number occupied by the DMRS for the PUSCH;
ΔP rampup_pusch_n can be determined by the formula: delta P rampup_pusch_n ＝(n-1)×s PUSCH Determining;
wherein s is PUSCH Adjusting a step value for the configured PUSCH power, wherein the PUSCH power adjustment step value and the pilot power adjustment step value are the same or different values configured independently; (n-1) is the number of times of PUSCH power adjustment, and n is an integer greater than or equal to 1.
3. A terminal, comprising:
a transceiver for receiving system information;
a processor, configured to obtain, according to the system information, transmission power of a physical uplink shared channel PUSCH in a random access procedure;
the transceiver is further configured to transmit the PUSCH according to the transmission power of the PUSCH;
wherein the processor is specifically configured to: acquiring the transmission power of the PUSCH according to at least one of the PUSCH bandwidth, the pilot frequency receiving target power and the configured power offset value in the system information;
wherein, obtaining the transmission power of the PUSCH according to at least one of the PUSCH bandwidth, the pilot reception target power, and the configured power offset value in the system information includes:
by the formula
Obtaining the transmission power of the PUSCH;
wherein, the P CMAX Is a configured maximum transmission power or a configured transmission power;
P O_PRE receiving a target power for a pilot;
Δ delta is a configured power offset value;
u is a subcarrier interval configuration parameter;
alpha is a configuration parameter;
PL is the path loss;
Δ TF 0 or 10log 10 (2 BPRE -1) or a value determined according to the MCS;
wherein, the
C is the number of code blocks, K r Is the size, N, of the code block K RE Removing the residual RE number of the Resource Elements (RE) occupied by the DMRS for the PUSCH;
Δ n is a power adjustment value;
wherein, the Δ delta And delta delta_msg3 Configured by the same parameter or configured by different parameters, the delta delta Is the power offset value, Δ, of the PUSCH relative to the pilot delta_msg3 A power offset value of Msg3 relative to pilot frequency in the four-step random access process;
wherein, the delta n The determination process of (1), comprising:
if the MsgA in the random access process is the first transmission, or at least one MsgA successful transmission in a preset time period before the current MsgA transmission, delta n Is zero;
or, a n A total power rise value is determined from the first PUSCH transmission to the current or last PUSCH transmission;
the MsgA includes a pilot and a PUSCH.
4. A random access apparatus, comprising:
the receiving and sending module is used for receiving system information;
the processing module is used for acquiring the transmission power of a Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) in a random access process according to the system information;
the transceiver module is further configured to transmit the PUSCH according to the transmission power of the PUSCH;
wherein the processing module is further configured to:
acquiring the transmission power of the PUSCH according to at least one of the PUSCH bandwidth, the pilot frequency receiving target power and the configured power offset value in the system information;
wherein, obtaining the transmission power of the PUSCH according to at least one of the PUSCH bandwidth, the pilot reception target power, and the configured power offset value in the system information includes:
by the formula
Obtaining the transmission power of the PUSCH;
wherein, the P is CMAX Is a configured maximum transmission power or a configured transmission power;
P O_PRE receiving a target power for a pilot;
Δ delta is a configured power offset value;
u is a subcarrier interval configuration parameter;
alpha is a configuration parameter;
PL is the path loss;
Δ TF 0 or 10log 10 (2 BPRE -1) or a value determined according to the MCS;
wherein, the
C is the number of code blocks, K r Is the size, N, of the code block K RE Removing the residual RE number of the resource elements RE occupied by the DMRS for the PUSCH;
Δ n is a power adjustment value;
wherein, the Δ delta And delta delta_msg3 Configured by the same parameter or configured by different parameters, the delta delta Is the power offset value, Δ, of the PUSCH relative to the pilot delta_msg3 A power offset value of Msg3 relative to pilot frequency in the four-step random access process;
wherein, the delta n The determination process of (1), comprising:
if the MsgA in the random access process is the first transmission, or at least one MsgA successful transmission in a preset time period before the current MsgA transmission, delta n Is zero;
or, delta n A total power increase value is determined for the first PUSCH transmission to the current or last PUSCH transmission;
the MsgA includes a pilot and a PUSCH.
5. A terminal, comprising: processor, memory storing a computer program which, when executed by the processor, performs the method of claim 1 or 2.
6. A computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon instructions which, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method of claim 1 or 2.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910340585.4A CN111867121B (en) | 2019-04-25 | 2019-04-25 | Random access method and terminal |
| PCT/CN2020/082091 WO2020216005A1 (en) | 2019-04-25 | 2020-03-30 | Random access method and terminal |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910340585.4A CN111867121B (en) | 2019-04-25 | 2019-04-25 | Random access method and terminal |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111867121A CN111867121A (en) | 2020-10-30 |
| CN111867121B true CN111867121B (en) | 2022-08-30 |
Family
ID=72941525
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910340585.4A Active CN111867121B (en) | 2019-04-25 | 2019-04-25 | Random access method and terminal |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN111867121B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2020216005A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US11184141B2 (en) * | 2017-10-18 | 2021-11-23 | Ntt Docomo, Inc. | Terminal, communication method, and base station for mapping transport blocks |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US10433342B2 (en) * | 2016-10-19 | 2019-10-01 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Enhanced random access channel (RACH) procedure |
| WO2018133437A1 (en) * | 2017-01-23 | 2018-07-26 | Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) | Method and device for two-step random accessing |
| CA3057464A1 (en) * | 2017-03-22 | 2018-09-27 | Comcast Cable Communications, Llc | Random access process in new radio |
| WO2021022411A1 (en) * | 2019-08-02 | 2021-02-11 | 北京小米移动软件有限公司 | Random access message transmission method and apparatus, and storage medium |
-
2019
- 2019-04-25 CN CN201910340585.4A patent/CN111867121B/en active Active
-
2020
- 2020-03-30 WO PCT/CN2020/082091 patent/WO2020216005A1/en active Application Filing
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| Discussion on 2-Step RACH Procedure;LG Electronics;《3GPP TSG RAN WG1 Meeting #96bis R1-1904197》;20190412;全文 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN111867121A (en) | 2020-10-30 |
| WO2020216005A1 (en) | 2020-10-29 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US8811319B2 (en) | Terminal access method, system and associated devices | |
| CN110521247B (en) | Power control architecture for multi-beam configuration | |
| EP2833682B1 (en) | Uplink power control method, terminal and base station | |
| EP3496472B1 (en) | Power control method, apparatus and system for short transmission time interval transmission and storage medium | |
| EP2283680B1 (en) | Method, apparatus and computer program for power control related to random access procedures | |
| US8422446B2 (en) | Controlling power for contention based uplink transmissions | |
| CN110536475B (en) | Transmission method, device, terminal, base station, communication system and storage medium | |
| EP2523518A1 (en) | Network side device and method for transmitting configuration information of pathloss power threshold thereof | |
| US9420565B2 (en) | Method and device for transmitting data in non-scheduled manner | |
| CN111641961B (en) | SRS power headroom reporting method, terminal equipment and computer storage medium | |
| CN111263461B (en) | Transmission method and device | |
| US11743946B2 (en) | Dynamic estimation of random access response repetitions | |
| CN111586820A (en) | Method and terminal equipment for determining uplink transmission power | |
| CN111867121B (en) | Random access method and terminal | |
| CN109429355B (en) | Random access processing method, user terminal and network side equipment | |
| CN104618998A (en) | Network equipment, UE (user equipment) and power adjustment method | |
| JP2020182116A (en) | Base station device, terminal device, communication method, and integrated circuit | |
| CN110602784B (en) | Uplink and downlink configuration method, base station and terminal | |
| CN111357333B (en) | Data transmission method and device | |
| CN113543297B (en) | Uplink power control method and related device | |
| CN113424600A (en) | Power control parameter indication | |
| CN114631360A (en) | Power headroom reporting for additional SRS | |
| CN111698066A (en) | Information transmission method and terminal | |
| CN111083797A (en) | Configuration method and device of contention window | |
| CN111147214B (en) | Sending method of uplink signal, information indicating method, terminal and network equipment |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |