CN111865444A - Phased array antenna calibration system and calibration method - Google Patents
Phased array antenna calibration system and calibration method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111865444A CN111865444A CN201910354944.1A CN201910354944A CN111865444A CN 111865444 A CN111865444 A CN 111865444A CN 201910354944 A CN201910354944 A CN 201910354944A CN 111865444 A CN111865444 A CN 111865444A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
- H04B17/10—Monitoring; Testing of transmitters
- H04B17/11—Monitoring; Testing of transmitters for calibration
- H04B17/12—Monitoring; Testing of transmitters for calibration of transmit antennas, e.g. of the amplitude or phase
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
- H01Q1/521—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure reducing the coupling between adjacent antennas
- H01Q1/523—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure reducing the coupling between adjacent antennas between antennas of an array
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
- H01Q3/267—Phased-array testing or checking devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
- H04B17/20—Monitoring; Testing of receivers
- H04B17/21—Monitoring; Testing of receivers for calibration; for correcting measurements
Abstract
The invention discloses a phased array antenna calibration system and a calibration method, wherein the calibration system comprises: the antenna array comprises at least two measuring antennas and an isolating material and is used for performing near-field calibration measurement within a preset distance on the phased array antenna to be calibrated; the antenna array and the phased array antenna are both arranged in the microwave darkroom; the instrument is connected with the antenna array and the phased array antenna so as to be matched with the antenna array to carry out calibration measurement on the phased array antenna. According to the calibration system provided by the embodiment of the invention, the phased array antenna is calibrated in an electrically switched mode, so that the calibration efficiency is effectively improved, the calibration precision is improved, the calibration requirement is effectively met, and the calibration system is simple and easy to implement.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wireless equipment performance test, in particular to a phased array antenna calibration system and a phased array antenna calibration method.
Background
The phased array antenna can change the pattern shape of the whole array antenna by controlling the feeding amplitude and the phase of the antenna unit in the array antenna, namely the beam forming technology, so as to achieve the purpose of beam scanning. Before the phased array technology is applied, beam scanning is usually realized by mechanical rotation, and the rotation often has the defects of time prolongation, narrow range, low precision and the like. The phased-array antenna adopts the digital phase shifter to realize high-speed electronic control scanning of antenna beams, has high speed and high precision, and is widely applied to communication radars such as vehicle-mounted, ship-mounted and satellite, millimeter wave base stations and the like.
A phased array antenna has at least two antenna elements, one for each radio frequency path. A typical phased array antenna is shown in FIG. 1, and includes an array antenna, T/R (transmitter and receiver) components, up-and-down conversion, and digital processing. Due to manufacturing tolerances, assembly errors, device non-uniformity, intra-channel losses, inter-unit coupling, and other factors, the antenna elements, T/R components, and receive and transmit channels of a phased array antenna often have amplitude phase differences to some extent, and therefore the phased array antenna is calibrated to compensate for each channel to achieve the use standard.
In the related art, the calibration of the amplitude and phase of each antenna unit of the phased array antenna is mainly performed by measuring the mechanical alignment of the antenna through a single probe. Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the precise scanning frame is controlled to align the measuring antenna with each antenna unit, and then the amplitude and phase parameters of the path of each antenna unit are tested, so as to perform the calibration process of the amplitude and phase. However, the calibration scheme of the related art is intuitive and long in time, since each antenna unit needs to be mechanically aligned, and the whole calibration accuracy depends on the mechanical rotation accuracy, the calibration efficiency and the calibration accuracy cannot effectively meet the calibration requirement, and needs to be improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving, at least to some extent, one of the technical problems in the related art.
Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a phased array antenna calibration system, which can effectively improve calibration efficiency, improve calibration accuracy, and effectively meet calibration requirements.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for calibrating a phased array antenna.
It is yet another object of the present invention to provide a computer-readable storage medium.
In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of an aspect of the present invention provides a phased array antenna calibration system, including: the antenna array comprises at least two measuring antennas and an isolating material and is used for performing near-field calibration measurement within a preset distance on the phased array antenna to be calibrated; a microwave anechoic chamber, wherein the antenna array and the phased array antenna are both arranged in the microwave anechoic chamber; a meter connecting the antenna array and the phased array antenna to coordinate the antenna array to perform calibration measurements on the phased array antenna.
According to the phased array antenna calibration system, the phased array antenna is calibrated in an electrically switched mode, so that the purposes of rapid and accurate antenna unit amplitude and phase calibration are achieved, calibration of all antenna units of the phased array antenna is effectively completed, the calibration speed and the calibration precision are greatly improved, the calibration efficiency is effectively improved, the calibration requirements are effectively met, and the calibration system is simple and easy to achieve.
In addition, the phased array antenna calibration system according to the above embodiment of the present invention may further have the following additional technical features:
further, in an embodiment of the present invention, the antenna array is a dual-polarized antenna array, the dual-polarized antenna array includes at least two dual-polarized measurement antennas and the isolation material, each dual-polarized measurement antenna of the at least two dual-polarized measurement antennas has two antenna units arranged to intersect with each other, where the antenna units include: the first radiation piece is internally provided with a first accommodating cavity, and the cavity of the first accommodating cavity penetrates through the first end and the second end of the first radiation piece; a second radiating element, a first end of the second radiating element and a first end of the first radiating element being unconnected, a second end of the second radiating element and a second end of the first radiating element being electrically connected; a balance member, a first end of the balance member and a second end of the second radiating member being electrically connected; a feed, the feed deviate from antenna element center preset distance and with the balancing piece corresponds the setting, wherein, the feed includes: the cavity of the second accommodating cavity penetrates through the first end of the outer core and the second end of the outer core, and the first end of the outer core is electrically connected with the second end of the first radiation piece; the inner core penetrates through the cavities of the first accommodating cavity and the second accommodating cavity, and the first end of the inner core penetrates out of the first end of the first radiation piece and is coupled with the second radiation piece.
Further, in one embodiment of the present invention, the dual polarized measuring antenna is inserted into the top of the isolation material, or the dual polarized measuring antenna is inserted into the bottom of the accommodating cavity formed by the isolation material.
Further, in an embodiment of the present invention, the dual polarized test antenna further includes: a tuner connecting a second end of the outer core and a second end of the inner core of the feed.
Further, in an embodiment of the present invention, the method further includes: a mobile assembly comprising a first mobile station and a second mobile station; a fixed loading device comprising a first fixed loading mechanism and a second fixed loading mechanism.
Further, in an embodiment of the present invention, the dual-polarized antenna array is disposed at any one of the moving assembly, the fixed loading device, and the inner wall of the anechoic chamber, and the phased array antenna is disposed at any one of the moving assembly and the fixed loading device.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, the preset distance may be less than or equal to 10cm or twice the wavelength.
In order to achieve the above object, another embodiment of the present invention provides a method for calibrating a phased array antenna, which uses the above system, wherein the method includes the following steps: selecting an equal number of the measurement antennas and the measured antennas; the position of each measuring antenna and the position of each antenna to be measured are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence mode; and at least one measuring antenna is turned on each time to carry out calibration measurement on the measured antenna at the corresponding position until each measured antenna completes the calibration measurement.
According to the phased array antenna calibration method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the phased array antenna is calibrated in an electric switching mode, so that the purposes of quickly and accurately calibrating the amplitude and the phase of the antenna unit are realized, the calibration of all the antenna units of the phased array antenna is effectively completed, the calibration speed and the calibration precision are greatly improved, the calibration efficiency is effectively improved, the calibration requirement is effectively met, and the method is simple and easy to realize.
In addition, the phased array antenna calibration method according to the above embodiment of the present invention may further have the following additional technical features:
further, in one embodiment of the invention, the measuring antennas are switched on electrically each time at least one of the measuring antennas is switched on.
Further, in an embodiment of the present invention, after selecting an equal number of the measurement antennas and the measured antennas, the method further includes: disposing the antenna array on the first fixed mounting mechanism and the phased array antenna on the first mobile station; and after the first mobile station is moved, the position of each measuring antenna is arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the position of each antenna to be measured.
Further, in an embodiment of the present invention, after selecting an equal number of the measurement antennas and the measured antennas, the method further includes: disposing the phased array antenna on the first fixed mounting mechanism and the antenna array on the first mobile station; and after the first mobile station is moved, the position of each measuring antenna is arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the position of each antenna to be measured.
Further, in an embodiment of the present invention, after selecting an equal number of the measurement antennas and the measured antennas, the method further includes: disposing the phased array antenna on the first mobile station and the antenna array on the second mobile station; and after at least one of the first mobile station and/or the second mobile station is moved, the position of each measuring antenna is correspondingly arranged with the position of each measured antenna.
Further, in an embodiment of the present invention, after selecting an equal number of the measurement antennas and the measured antennas, the method further includes: disposing the phased array antenna on the second fixed mounting mechanism and the antenna array on the first fixed mounting mechanism; and enabling the position of each measuring antenna to be in one-to-one correspondence with the position of each measured antenna.
Further, in an embodiment of the present invention, after selecting an equal number of the measurement antennas and the measured antennas, the method further includes: arranging the phased array antenna on the first mobile station, and arranging the measuring antenna array on the inner wall of the anechoic chamber; and after the first mobile station is moved, the position of each measuring antenna is arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the position of each antenna to be measured.
Further, in an embodiment of the present invention, after selecting an equal number of the measurement antennas and the measured antennas, the method further includes: and arranging the phased array antenna on the first fixed loading mechanism, and arranging the measuring antenna array on the inner wall of the microwave anechoic chamber. And enabling the position of each measuring antenna to be in one-to-one correspondence with the position of each measured antenna.
Further, in an embodiment of the present invention, after each time the at least one measuring antenna is turned on and until each measured antenna completes the calibration measurement, the method further includes: moving at least one of the first mobile station and the second mobile station.
To achieve the above object, a further embodiment of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which when executed by a processor implements the phased array antenna calibration method according to the above embodiment.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The foregoing and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
fig. 1 is a schematic view of a structure of a related art phased array antenna;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a single probe antenna mechanical alignment for phased array antenna calibration in the related art;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a phased array antenna calibration system according to one embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a dual polarized measurement antenna and antenna elements according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an isolation material and a dual polarized measurement antenna in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a phased array antenna calibration system according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a phased array antenna calibration system according to yet another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a phased array antenna calibration system for a first case in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a phased array antenna calibration system for a second case in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of a third case phased array antenna calibration system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of a phased array antenna calibration system for a fourth case in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of a fifth case phased array antenna calibration system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of a sixth case of a phased array antenna calibration system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a flow diagram of a method of calibrating a phased array antenna according to one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 15 is a flow chart of a method of calibrating a phased array antenna according to another embodiment of the invention;
fig. 16(a) is a schematic structural diagram of the dual-polarized measuring antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the number of the dual-polarized measuring antennas is greater than the number of the measured antennas;
fig. 16(b) is a schematic structural diagram of the number of dual-polarized measuring antennas being equal to the number of antennas to be measured according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 16(c) is a schematic structural diagram of the number of dual polarized measuring antennas being smaller than the number of antennas to be measured according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 17(a) is a schematic structural diagram of a dual-polarized measuring antenna according to another embodiment of the present invention, in which the number of the dual-polarized measuring antennas is smaller than the number of the measured antennas;
fig. 17(b) is a schematic structural diagram of a dual-polarized measuring antenna according to another embodiment of the present invention, in which the number of the dual-polarized measuring antennas is greater than or equal to the number of the measured antennas;
fig. 18 is a flow chart of a method of calibrating a phased array antenna in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
The phased array antenna calibration system and the calibration method according to the embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and first, the phased array antenna calibration system according to the embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a phased array antenna calibration system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 3, the phased array antenna calibration system includes: antenna array 100, microwave anechoic chamber 200 and meter 300.
The antenna array 100 includes at least two measuring antennas (as shown in the figure, a measuring antenna 101 and a measuring antenna 102) and an isolation material 103, where the at least two measuring antennas are disposed opposite to the antennas to be measured (as shown in the figure, a measured antenna 11 and a measured antenna 12) of the phased array antenna 10 to be calibrated, so as to form one-to-one transmission and air interface direct connection, which is different from the prior art that a measured object is directly placed on a coupling board to perform near field calibration measurement within a preset distance on the phased array antenna 10 to be calibrated. The antenna array 100 and the phased array antenna 10 are both disposed in a microwave anechoic chamber 200. The meter 300 connects the antenna array 100 and the phased array antenna 10 to coordinate the antenna array 100 to perform calibration measurements on the phased array antenna 10. The calibration system of the embodiment of the invention can calibrate the phased array antenna in an electric switching mode, effectively improve the calibration efficiency, improve the calibration precision, effectively meet the calibration requirement and is simple and easy to implement.
It can be understood that the electrical switching calibration scheme of the embodiment of the present invention can replace the conventional mechanical alignment calibration scheme, so as to achieve fast and accurate amplitude and phase calibration of the antenna unit. Compared with the traditional mechanical alignment calibration scheme, each alignment can introduce mechanical errors, so that the calibration precision is influenced, the mechanical times of alignment required by electrical switching are obviously less than that of the traditional calibration scheme, and even the calibration of all antenna units of the phased array antenna can be completed only by one-time mechanical alignment, so that the calibration speed and the calibration precision are greatly improved.
It should be noted that, the above-mentioned at least two measuring antennas are arranged opposite to the measured antenna of the phased array antenna 10 to be calibrated, which may be understood as one-to-one correspondence in position or one-to-one correspondence in polarization, and the physical distance between the measured antenna and the measuring antenna is small (as will be described in detail below), so that the measured antenna and the measuring antenna do not have a correspondence relationship of directivity, which is different from the correspondence relationship of directivity in the prior art. That is, the embodiment of the present invention controls the port of the channel simulator to form one-to-one signal transmission with the port of the selected antenna under test of the phased array antenna by a physical isolation method (for example, the positions and the polarizations correspond one to one, the physical distance between the measurement antenna and the antenna under test is small, and an isolation material is added), and an opening method of the measurement antenna (all the ports are simultaneously opened, or the ports are sequentially opened, or each time a part of the ports is selected to be opened, or all the ports or a certain polarization is simultaneously opened, or each time a part of the ports is selected to be polarized.
In addition, the isolation material may be a wave-absorbing material, a dielectric material, or other materials with isolation properties, such as a wave-absorbing material for an OTA darkroom (e.g., a sponge wave-absorbing material, an EPP carbon powder wave-absorbing material, a ceramic thin material, or the like), or a ferrite material, which is not particularly limited herein, and the isolation material may be disposed in a one-to-one relative relationship with the measurement antenna and the measured antenna, so as to save energy and reduce cost while ensuring measurement accuracy.
Wherein, in one embodiment of the present invention, the preset distance may be less than or equal to 10cm or twice the wavelength. In particular, the distance between the measuring antenna and the measured antenna in the prior art is large, and the distance is substantially larger than 1 meter, so that only far-field measurement is limited, but the embodiment of the invention can realize near-field calibration measurement, not limited to far-field measurement, and for example, relatively accurate test can be carried out on near-field measurement such as 2-3 cm near-field measurement.
It should be noted that the measuring antenna may use a dual polarization measuring antenna, a single polarization measuring antenna, a circular polarization measuring antenna, or the like, or may be an autonomously developed antenna, and each measuring antenna may be turned on with the same or different polarization (if different polarizations are used) during operation. Although the following embodiments exemplify dual polarized measurement antennas, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that any measurement antenna may be configured in a similar manner as follows.
Further, in an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 4, the antenna array 100 is a dual-polarized antenna array 100, the dual-polarized antenna array 100 includes at least two dual-polarized measurement antennas (shown as dual-polarized measurement antenna 101 and dual-polarized measurement antenna 102 in the figure) and an isolation material 103, each dual-polarized measurement antenna of the at least two dual-polarized measurement antennas has two antenna elements arranged to cross each other, where the antenna elements include: a first radiating element 400, a second radiating element 500, a balance element 600, and a feeding element 700. Also, the power feeding member 700 includes: an outer core 701 and an inner core 702.
Specifically, the first radiation member 400 forms a first receiving cavity a therein, and a cavity of the first receiving cavity a penetrates through the first end 401 and the second end 402 of the first radiation member 400. The first end 501 of the second radiating element 500 is not connected to the first end 401 of the first radiating element 400 and the second end 502 of the second radiating element 500 is electrically connected to the second end 402 of the first radiating element 400. The first end 601 of the balance member 600 is electrically connected to the second end 502 of the second radiation member 500. The feeding member 700 deviates from the center of the antenna unit by a preset distance and is arranged corresponding to the balance member 600, wherein a second accommodating cavity B is formed inside the outer core 701, a cavity of the second accommodating cavity B penetrates through a first end of the outer core 701 and a second end of the outer core, a first end 7011 of the outer core 701 is electrically connected with a second end 402 of the first radiating member 400, the inner core 702 penetrates through the cavities of the first accommodating cavity a and the second accommodating cavity B, and a first end 7021 of the inner core 702 penetrates through a first end 401 of the first radiating member 400 and is coupled with the second radiating member 500. The antenna unit provided by the embodiment of the invention can effectively meet the requirement of miniaturization of a combined antenna, and is beneficial to the design of a dual-polarized antenna.
Specifically, the roles of dual-polarized antenna array 100 include, but are not limited to: the phased array antenna 10 (antenna under test) in the microwave anechoic chamber 200 is subjected to calibration measurement. The roles of the meter 300 include, but are not limited to: controlling the mobile station to move; sending information and instructions to dual-polarized antenna array 100 and phased array antenna 10; receiving information and instructions from the dual-polarized antenna array 100 and the phased array antenna 10, and analyzing and calculating the information and the instructions; the calibration method of the embodiment of the invention is controlled and executed; controlling on/off of dual-polarized antenna array 100 and phased array antenna 10; controlling and performing electrical switching of the dual polarized measurement antenna, etc.
It should be noted that, in the mechanical alignment calibration scheme in the related art, each mechanical alignment introduces a mechanical error, thereby affecting the calibration accuracy, and the dual-polarized antenna array 100 of the embodiment of the present invention includes at least two dual-polarized measurement antennas, and can implement fast and accurate amplitude and phase calibration of the measured antenna by using an electrical switching calibration method.
Specifically, the dual-polarization measurement antenna and the measured antenna are arranged oppositely, first mechanical alignment (position one-to-one correspondence) is performed, after the first dual-polarization measurement antenna 101 performs calibration measurement on the first measured antenna 11, electrical switching can be directly performed, and calibration measurement of the second dual-polarization measurement antenna 102 on the second measured antenna 12 is completed without performing second mechanical alignment first. Alternatively, the first dual-polarization measuring antenna 101 and the second dual-polarization measuring antenna 102 are turned on simultaneously, and the first antenna under test 11 and the second antenna under test 12 are calibrated at once, even without electrical switching. Therefore, the mechanical times of movement required by the embodiment of the invention are obviously less than that of the mechanical alignment calibration scheme in the related technology, and even the calibration of all the antennas to be measured can be completed by only one mechanical alignment, so that the calibration speed and the calibration precision are greatly improved. In addition, although the embodiment of the present invention takes two dual-polarized measuring antennas as an example, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that any dual-polarized measuring antenna in the drawings can be configured in a similar manner, the structure in fig. 3 is only an illustration, and the present invention is not limited to this structure.
The antenna unit according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to fig. 4.
(1) In the related art, the antenna feeding mode usually adopts electrical connection, the length of the antenna is about one half wavelength of the central working frequency, the size is large, and the antenna miniaturization requirement is difficult to meet.
The inner core 702 of the antenna unit feed element 700 and the second radiation element 500 of the embodiment of the present invention are coupled to feed, and this design can reduce the size of the antenna of the present invention to one tenth of the wavelength, and the antenna has good impedance matching performance, and further reduces the RCS (Radar-Cross Section) of the antenna, thereby improving the calibration measurement accuracy.
(2) In the related art, in order to suppress the common mode current by using the voltage balun, the coaxial lines of the feeding portions of the two antennas are required to be arranged in the middle of the antennas, and in this case, when the two antennas are arranged in a crossed manner to form the dual-polarized antenna, the coaxial lines of the two feeding portions are overlapped in the center, and the two overlapped coaxial lines of the feeding portions cannot be arranged at the same position in the structure. However, if the feeding part coaxial line is shifted to the side from the middle, the imbalance of the feeding is aggravated, and common mode current is generated. Therefore, the existing antenna is difficult to design a dual polarized antenna.
The feed part 700 of the antenna unit of the embodiment of the invention adopts an offset design, namely the feed part 700 is designed beside the center of the antenna, and the design can lead the two feed parts to be staggered when the two antenna units are arranged in a crossed manner, thereby being beneficial to the design of a dual-polarized antenna. Meanwhile, it can be known through analysis of the reason for generating the common mode current that the imbalance of the structure of the feeding element is the root cause for generating the common mode current, in the related art, although the common mode current can be reduced by designing the feeding element at the center of the antenna to form the voltage balun, because the external core and the internal core of the feeding element are difficult to realize complete structural symmetry, the feeding element still generates the common mode current in work. The antenna unit of the embodiment of the invention firstly proposes that the aim of basically eliminating the generation of the common mode current is achieved by improving the structural symmetry of the feed element, namely, the balance element 600 is arranged to be matched with the feed element 700, the balun is formed by the design, meanwhile, the symmetry and the balance of the feed element are improved, so that the feed element generates extremely small common mode current in the working process, the aim of basically eliminating the common mode current is achieved (the common mode current is very small and can be ignored from the engineering practice point of view), the radiation performance of the dual-polarization measuring antenna is improved, and the calibration and measurement accuracy is improved.
In the related art measurement calibration system, a horn antenna is generally used as a measurement antenna, and there is generally only one measurement antenna. The horn antenna is difficult to design an antenna array, has large volume and large reflection, and leads to poor measurement precision. The dual-polarized measuring antenna of the embodiment of the invention has the advantages of small volume, good radiation performance and high measuring precision, and is easy to design the antenna array, namely, the dual-polarized antenna array can be formed by a plurality of dual-polarized measuring antennas, the isolation between the measuring antennas is high, so that the measuring precision is high, and the design of the antenna array also provides a necessary basis for realizing the electrical switching in the calibration method of the embodiment of the invention.
Further, in one embodiment of the present invention, a dual polarized measuring antenna is inserted into the top of the isolation material 103, or a dual polarized measuring antenna is inserted into the bottom of the accommodating cavity formed by the isolation material 103.
It will be appreciated that the dual polarized measurement antenna of the present invention may be designed jointly with the isolation material 103, as shown in fig. 5. Among them, by adding the isolation material 103, the following advantages can be achieved:
1) the isolation material 103 may further counteract common mode currents that may be generated by the dual polarized measurement antenna;
2) The isolation material 103 can further reduce the reflection between the dual-polarization measuring antenna and the measured antenna, and improve the measuring accuracy;
3) the isolation material 103 can make the radar scattering cross section (RCS) of the dual-polarization measuring antenna small, improve the isolation between the antennas, improve the isolation between the dual-polarization measuring antenna and the non-opposite measured antenna, reduce the measuring distance between the dual-polarization measuring antenna and the measured antenna, and effectively improve the measuring accuracy.
Specifically, when dual polarization measuring antenna inserts isolation material 103 top, can reduce the space scattering of antenna electromagnetic wave, and when the chamber bottom that holds that dual polarization measuring antenna inserts isolation material 103 formation, not only can adjust the height of antenna, the measurement demand of adaptation different requirements can also improve the isolation between the antenna simultaneously, reduces the test distance between antenna and the dual polarization measuring antenna of being surveyed, improves measurement accuracy.
Further, in one embodiment of the present invention, the dual polarized test antenna further comprises: a tuner 800. Wherein tuner 800 connects the second end of outer core 701 and the second end of inner core 702 of feed 700.
It is appreciated that a dual polarized test antenna of an embodiment of the present invention may be augmented with a tuner 800, as shown in fig. 6. The dual-polarization test antenna has a small size and resonates only at a single frequency point, so that standing waves in a broadband are poor, the performance of the dual-polarization test antenna is affected, and if the dual-polarization test antenna is applied to the broadband, the tuner 800 is required to be added to adjust the standing waves of the dual-polarization test antenna in the use frequency.
Specifically, the tuner 800 according to the embodiment of the present invention may adopt an electronic tuning manner, in which two impedance matching networks with variable capacitors are added at the interface of the dual-polarized test antenna, and the two matching modules are connected to the dual-polarized test antenna and other circuits in a switch switching manner. When the frequency of the transmitting and receiving signals changes, the detection module detects the impedance, standing wave and other information of the dual-polarization test antenna, and the control module changes the value of the variable capacitor to realize automatic tuning, so that the impedance of the antenna is maintained near 50 ohms, and the energy loss is reduced. The tuner 800 can be placed behind an isolating material and therefore does not affect the radiation performance of the dual polarized test antenna.
Further, in an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 7, a system of an embodiment of the present invention further includes: a moving assembly 900 and a stationary loader 1000. Wherein the moving assembly 900 includes a first moving stage 901 and a second moving stage 902, and the fixed loading device 1000 includes a first fixed loading mechanism 1001 and a second fixed loading mechanism 1002.
Further, in an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the dual-polarized antenna array 100 is disposed at any one of the mobile assembly 900, the fixed loading device 1000, and the inner wall of the microwave chamber 200, and the phased array antenna 10 is disposed at any one of the mobile assembly 900 and the fixed loading device 1000.
For example, as shown in fig. 8, case 1: the phased array antenna 10 is disposed on a first mobile station 901 within the darkroom 200 and the dual polarized antenna array 100 is disposed on a first fixed load mechanism 1001 within the darkroom 200.
Specifically, the phased array antenna 10 may move along with the first moving 901 station, so that the position of each selected dual-polarization measurement antenna corresponds to the position of each selected measured antenna in a one-to-one manner, where the first measured antenna and the first dual-polarization measurement antenna are aligned in position, and the second measured antenna and the second dual-polarization measurement antenna are aligned in position. Meanwhile, the distance between the dual-polarization measuring antenna and the measured antenna can be adjusted, and the measuring precision is adjusted.
The following are:
1) the mobile station and the fixed transfer mechanism can be installed in various ways, and can be supported and installed from the bottom or the side wall of the microwave dark room 200, or can be suspended from the top for supporting and installation.
2) The mobile station can move at any position on XY plane, YZ plane and XZ plane.
For example, as shown in fig. 9, case 2: the phased array antenna 10 is provided on a first stationary mounting mechanism 1001 and the dual polarized antenna array 100 is provided on a first mobile station 901.
Specifically, the dual-polarized antenna array 100 may move along with the first mobile station 901, so that the position of each selected dual-polarized measurement antenna corresponds to the position of each selected measured antenna in a one-to-one manner, where the first measured antenna is aligned with the first dual-polarized measurement antenna, the second measured antenna is aligned with the second dual-polarized measurement antenna, and the third measured antenna is aligned with the third dual-polarized measurement antenna. Meanwhile, the distance between the dual-polarization measuring antenna and the measured antenna can be adjusted, and the measuring precision is adjusted.
For example, as shown in fig. 10, case 3: the dual-polarized antenna array 100 is provided on a second mobile station 902 within the microwave anechoic chamber 200, and the phased array antenna 10 is provided on a first mobile station 901.
Specifically, the dual-polarized antenna array 100 may move along with the second mobile station 902, and the phased array antenna 10 may move along with the first mobile station 901, so that the position of each selected dual-polarized measurement antenna corresponds to the position of each selected measured antenna in a one-to-one manner, where the first measured antenna and the first dual-polarized measurement antenna are aligned in position, and the second measured antenna and the second dual-polarized measurement antenna are aligned in position. Meanwhile, the distance between the dual-polarization measuring antenna and the measured antenna can be adjusted, and the measuring precision is adjusted.
For example, as shown in fig. 11, case 4: the phased array antenna 10 is disposed on a second fixed loading mechanism 1002 inside the microwave anechoic chamber 200, and the dual-polarized antenna array 100 is disposed on a first fixed loading mechanism 1001.
Specifically, once the dual-polarized antenna array 100 and the phased array antenna 10 are fixed on the first fixed loading mechanism 1001 and the second fixed loading mechanism 1002, the position of each selected dual-polarized measurement antenna can be in one-to-one correspondence with the position of each selected measured antenna, wherein the first measured antenna is aligned with the first dual-polarized measurement antenna, the second measured antenna is aligned with the second dual-polarized measurement antenna, and the third measured antenna is aligned with the third dual-polarized measurement antenna.
For example, as shown in fig. 12, case 5: the phased array antenna 10 is provided on the first mobile station 901, and the dual-polarized antenna array 100 is provided on the inner wall of the microwave anechoic chamber 200.
Specifically, by moving the first mobile station 901, the position of each selected dual-polarization measurement antenna can be in one-to-one correspondence with the position of each selected measured antenna.
For example, as shown in fig. 13, case 6: the phased array antenna 10 is placed on the first fixed loading mechanism 1001 and the dual polarized antenna array 100 is placed on the inner wall of the darkroom 300.
Specifically, once the dual-polarized antenna array 100 and the phased array antenna 10 are fixed on the inner wall of the anechoic chamber 200 and the first fixed loading mechanism 1001, the position of each selected dual-polarized measurement antenna can be in one-to-one correspondence with the position of each selected antenna to be measured.
According to the phased array antenna calibration system provided by the embodiment of the invention, the phased array antenna is calibrated in an electric switching mode, so that the purposes of quickly and accurately calibrating the amplitude and the phase of the antenna unit are realized, the calibration of all the antenna units of the phased array antenna is effectively finished, the calibration speed and the calibration precision are greatly improved, the calibration efficiency is effectively improved, the calibration requirement is effectively met, and the calibration system is simple and easy to realize.
Next, a phased array antenna calibration method proposed according to an embodiment of the present invention is described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 14 is a flow chart of a phased array antenna calibration method of one embodiment of the present invention
As shown in fig. 14, the calibration method using the above system includes the following steps:
in step S1, an equal number of measurement antennas and antennas under test are selected.
It will be appreciated that, in conjunction with the illustrations of fig. 15 and 16, an equal number of the measuring antennas and the antenna under test are selected. Specifically, fig. 16(a) may select two measurement antennas and their corresponding two measured antennas; fig. 16(b) may select three measuring antennas and their corresponding three measured antennas; fig. 16(c) may select three measurement antennas and their corresponding three measured antennas.
In step S2, the position of each measurement antenna is set in one-to-one correspondence with the position of each antenna under test.
It is to be understood that, as shown in fig. 15 and 16, the position of each selected measuring antenna corresponds to the position of each selected measured antenna in a one-to-one manner. Specifically, the first antenna to be measured and the first measuring antenna are aligned in position, the second antenna to be measured and the second measuring antenna are aligned in position, and the third antenna to be measured and the third measuring antenna are aligned in position. Meanwhile, the distance between the measuring antenna and the measured antenna can be adjusted, and the measuring precision is adjusted.
In step S3, at least one measuring antenna is turned on each time to perform calibration measurement on the measured antenna at the corresponding position until each measured antenna completes the calibration measurement.
It is to be understood that, in conjunction with fig. 15 and 16, each time at least one selected measuring antenna is turned on, calibration measurement is performed on the measured antenna at the corresponding position until all selected measured antennas complete calibration measurement. Specifically, fig. 16(a) may turn on a first measurement antenna for the first time, perform calibration measurement on the first antenna under test at the corresponding position, and then turn on a second measurement antenna for the second time by electrical switching, perform calibration measurement on the second antenna under test at the corresponding position. Or the first measuring antenna and the second measuring antenna are simultaneously opened for the first time, and the two measured antennas are simultaneously subjected to calibration measurement. Since there are only two antennas under test in this example, after aligning the measuring antenna with the antennas under test by one mechanical alignment, all selected antennas under test can be calibrated. The method of fig. 16(b) is the same as that of fig. 16(c), and the description thereof will not be repeated.
In particular, in conventional mechanical alignment calibration schemes, mechanical errors are introduced with each mechanical alignment, thereby affecting the calibration accuracy. The antenna array comprises at least two measuring antennas, and the amplitude and the phase of the measured antennas can be quickly and accurately calibrated in an electric switching calibration mode. The mechanical times of movement required by the calibration scheme of the invention is obviously less than that of the traditional mechanical alignment calibration scheme, and even the calibration of all the antennas to be measured can be completed by only one mechanical alignment, thereby greatly improving the calibration speed and the calibration precision.
It should be noted that:
1. calibration tests include, but are not limited to, amplitude, phase parameters of the antenna.
2. And opening at least one selected measuring antenna each time, wherein the number of the measuring antennas opened each time can be the same or different. For example, for fig. 16(c), the measurement antennas may be turned on one at a time for a total of three times; or three measuring antennas can be turned on each time, and the three measuring antennas are turned on once in all; it is also possible to switch on one measuring antenna for the first time and two measuring antennas for the second time, for a total of two times.
3. And opening at least one selected measuring antenna each time, wherein the measuring antennas opened each time can be overlapped or not overlapped. For example, for fig. 16(b), the misalignment: the measuring antennas (1) and (2) can be switched on for the first time, and the measuring antenna (3) can be switched on for the second time; superposing: can open measuring antenna (1) and (2) for the first time, open measuring antenna (2) and (3) for the second time, be favorable to proofreading the measured data, improve measurement accuracy.
4. Each time at least one selected measuring antenna is switched on, the measuring antennas may be switched on in sequence, and the switching on of the selected measuring antenna or antennas may be autonomously controlled. For example, for fig. 16(c), the measurement antennas (1) and (3) may be turned on first, and then the measurement antenna (2) (1) may be turned on.
Further, in one embodiment of the invention, the measuring antennas are switched on electrically each time at least one measuring antenna is switched on.
It will be appreciated that, in conjunction with the description of figures 15 and 16, the manner in which at least one selected measuring antenna is switched on at a time is switched electronically. Specifically, fig. 16(a) may turn on the first measurement antenna (1) for the first time, perform calibration measurement on the first antenna under test (1) at the corresponding position, and then turn on the second measurement antenna (2) for the second time by electrical switching, perform calibration measurement on the second antenna under test (2) at the corresponding position. By adopting an electrical switching method (the electrical switching can be controlled by an internal radio frequency switch of the instrument), the calibration measurement of all selected antennas to be measured can be completed only by once mechanical alignment without first performing secondary mechanical alignment. Therefore, the mechanical times of movement required by the calibration scheme of the invention are obviously less than that of the traditional mechanical alignment calibration scheme, and even the calibration of all the antennas to be tested can be completed by only one mechanical alignment, thereby greatly improving the calibration speed and the calibration precision.
Further, in an embodiment of the present invention, after selecting an equal number of measurement antennas and antennas under test, the method further includes: arranging the antenna array on a first fixed loading mechanism, and arranging the phased array antenna on a first mobile station; and after the first mobile station is moved, the position of each measuring antenna is arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the position of each antenna to be measured.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 8, the phased array antenna calibration system further includes a first mobile station and a first fixed loading mechanism, and the phased array antenna is disposed on the first mobile station in the microwave darkroom; the antenna array is arranged on a first fixed loading mechanism in the microwave darkroom. After the first mobile station is moved, the position of each selected measuring antenna is in one-to-one correspondence with the position of each selected measured antenna. Specifically, the phased array antenna may move along with the first mobile station, so that the position of each selected measurement antenna corresponds to the position of each selected measured antenna in a one-to-one manner, where the first measured antenna is aligned with the first measurement antenna, and the second measured antenna is aligned with the second measurement antenna. Meanwhile, the distance between the measuring antenna and the measured antenna can be adjusted, and the measuring precision is adjusted.
Further, in an embodiment of the present invention, after selecting an equal number of measurement antennas and antennas under test, the method further includes: arranging a phased array antenna on a first fixed loading mechanism, and arranging an antenna array on a first mobile station; and after the first mobile station is moved, the position of each measuring antenna is arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the position of each antenna to be measured.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 9, the phased array antenna calibration system further includes a first mobile station and a first fixed loading mechanism, the phased array antenna is disposed on the first fixed loading mechanism, and the antenna array is disposed on the first mobile station. After the first mobile station is moved, the position of each selected measuring antenna is in one-to-one correspondence with the position of each selected measured antenna. Specifically, the antenna array may move along with the first mobile station, so that the position of each selected measurement antenna corresponds to the position of each selected measured antenna in a one-to-one manner, where the first measured antenna is aligned with the first measurement antenna, the second measured antenna is aligned with the second measurement antenna, and the third measured antenna is aligned with the third measurement antenna. Meanwhile, the distance between the measuring antenna and the measured antenna can be adjusted, and the measuring precision is adjusted.
Further, in an embodiment of the present invention, after selecting an equal number of measurement antennas and antennas under test, the method further includes: arranging a phased array antenna on a first mobile station and an antenna array on a second mobile station; and after at least one of the first mobile station and/or the second mobile station is moved, the position of each measuring antenna is arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the position of each measured antenna.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 10, the phased array antenna calibration system further includes a second mobile station, the antenna array is disposed on the second mobile station, and the phased array antenna is disposed on the first mobile station. And after at least one of the first mobile station and/or the second mobile station is moved, enabling the position of each selected measuring antenna to be in one-to-one correspondence with the position of each selected measured antenna. Specifically, the antenna array may move along with the second mobile station, or the phased array antenna may move along with the first mobile station, so that the position of each selected measurement antenna corresponds to the position of each selected measured antenna in a one-to-one manner, where the first measured antenna and the first measurement antenna are aligned in position, and the second measured antenna and the second measurement antenna are aligned in position. Meanwhile, the distance between the measuring antenna and the measured antenna can be adjusted, and the measuring precision is adjusted.
Further, in an embodiment of the present invention, after selecting an equal number of measurement antennas and antennas under test, the method further includes: arranging the phased array antenna on the second fixed loading mechanism, and arranging the antenna array on the first fixed loading mechanism; and the position of each measuring antenna is arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the position of each antenna to be measured.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 11, the phased array antenna calibration system further includes a second fixed loading mechanism, the phased array antenna is disposed on the second fixed loading mechanism, and the antenna array is disposed on the first fixed loading mechanism. Specifically, once the antenna array and the phased array antenna are fixed on the first fixed loading mechanism and the second fixed loading mechanism, the position of each selected measuring antenna can be in one-to-one correspondence with the position of each selected antenna to be measured, wherein the first antenna to be measured and the first measuring antenna are aligned in position, the second antenna to be measured and the second measuring antenna are aligned in position, and the third antenna to be measured and the third measuring antenna are aligned in position.
Further, in an embodiment of the present invention, after selecting an equal number of measurement antennas and antennas under test, the method further includes: arranging a phased array antenna on a first mobile station, and arranging a measuring antenna array on the inner wall of a microwave darkroom; and after the first mobile station is moved, the position of each measuring antenna is arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the position of each antenna to be measured.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 12, a phased array antenna is provided on the first mobile station, and an antenna array is provided on the inner wall of the anechoic chamber. Specifically, by moving the first mobile station, the position of each selected measurement antenna can be made to correspond one-to-one to the position of each selected measured antenna.
Further, in an embodiment of the present invention, after selecting an equal number of measurement antennas and antennas under test, the method further includes: the phased array antenna is arranged on the first fixed loading mechanism, and the measuring antenna array is arranged on the inner wall of the anechoic chamber. And the position of each measuring antenna is arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the position of each antenna to be measured.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 13, the phased array antenna is provided on the first mobile station, and the antenna array is provided on the inner wall of the anechoic chamber. Specifically, the antenna array and the phased array antenna are fixed on the inner wall of the anechoic chamber and the first fixed loading mechanism, so that the position of each selected measuring antenna corresponds to the position of each selected measured antenna in a one-to-one mode.
Further, in an embodiment of the present invention, after each time at least one measuring antenna is turned on and until each measured antenna completes the calibration measurement, the method further includes: and moving at least one of the first mobile station and the second mobile station.
Specifically, at least one of the first mobile station and/or the second mobile station is moved, and then the phased array antenna calibration method is repeatedly executed until all the antennas under test complete the calibration measurement.
As shown in fig. 17-18, in some embodiments, after one mechanical alignment and calibration measurement, a subsequent mechanical alignment is required, and further calibration measurement is performed on the remaining antenna under test.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 17(a), calibration measurement is performed on the antenna under test 1, the antenna under test 2, and the antenna under test 3 by using the measurement antenna 1, the measurement antenna 2, and the measurement antenna 3, after the calibration measurement is completed, at least one of the first mobile station and/or the second mobile station is moved, after the calibration measurement is completed, calibration measurement is performed on the antenna under test 4, the antenna under test 5, and the antenna under test 6 by using the measurement antenna 1, the measurement antenna 2, and the measurement antenna 3, after the calibration measurement is completed, at least one of the first mobile station and/or the second mobile station is moved again, after the calibration measurement is completed, calibration measurement is performed on the antenna under test 4, the antenna under test 5, and the antenna under test 6 by using the antenna under test 1, the antenna under test 2, and the antenna under test 3, and at this time, the antenna under test for calibration is selected to be partially overlapped. Until all the antennas under test have completed calibration measurements.
In another embodiment, as shown in fig. 17(b), the measurement antenna 2 is first used to perform calibration measurement on the measurement antenna 2, after the calibration measurement is completed, at least one of the first mobile station and/or the second mobile station is moved, and after the movement, the measurement antenna 2 is used to perform calibration measurement on the measurement antenna 1. Until all the antennas under test have completed calibration measurements.
In conventional mechanical alignment calibration schemes, mechanical errors are introduced with each mechanical alignment, thereby affecting the calibration accuracy. The antenna array comprises at least two measuring antennas, and the amplitude and the phase of the measured antennas can be quickly and accurately calibrated in an electric switching calibration mode. The mechanical times of movement required by the calibration scheme of the invention is obviously less than that of the traditional mechanical alignment calibration scheme, and even the calibration of all the antennas to be measured can be completed by only one mechanical alignment, thereby greatly improving the calibration speed and the calibration precision.
It should be noted that the explanation of the embodiment of the phased array antenna calibration system also applies to the phased array antenna calibration method of the embodiment, and details are not repeated here.
According to the phased array antenna calibration method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the phased array antenna is calibrated in an electric switching mode, so that the purposes of quickly and accurately calibrating the amplitude and the phase of the antenna unit are realized, the calibration of all the antenna units of the phased array antenna is effectively finished, the calibration speed and the calibration precision are greatly improved, the calibration efficiency is effectively improved, the calibration requirement is effectively met, and the method is simple and easy to realize.
In order to implement the above embodiments, the present invention also proposes a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the phased array antenna calibration method as the above embodiments.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (17)
1. A phased array antenna calibration system, comprising:
the antenna array comprises at least two measuring antennas and an isolating material and is used for performing near-field calibration measurement within a preset distance on the phased array antenna to be calibrated;
a microwave anechoic chamber, wherein the antenna array and the phased array antenna are both arranged in the microwave anechoic chamber; and
a meter connecting the antenna array and the phased array antenna to coordinate the antenna array to perform calibration measurements on the phased array antenna.
2. A phased array antenna calibration system according to claim 1, characterized in that the antenna array is a dual polarized antenna array comprising at least two dual polarized measurement antennas and the isolating material, each dual polarized measurement antenna of the at least two dual polarized measurement antennas having two antenna elements arranged crosswise to each other, wherein the antenna elements comprise:
The first radiation piece is internally provided with a first accommodating cavity, and the cavity of the first accommodating cavity penetrates through the first end and the second end of the first radiation piece;
a second radiating element, a first end of the second radiating element and a first end of the first radiating element being unconnected, a second end of the second radiating element and a second end of the first radiating element being electrically connected;
a balance member, a first end of the balance member and a second end of the second radiating member being electrically connected; and
a feed, the feed deviate from antenna element center preset distance and with the balancing piece corresponds the setting, wherein, the feed includes:
the cavity of the second accommodating cavity penetrates through the first end of the outer core and the second end of the outer core, and the first end of the outer core is electrically connected with the second end of the first radiation piece;
the inner core penetrates through the cavities of the first accommodating cavity and the second accommodating cavity, and the first end of the inner core penetrates out of the first end of the first radiation piece and is coupled with the second radiation piece.
3. The phased array antenna calibration system of claim 2 wherein the dual polarized measurement antenna is inserted on top of the isolation material or the dual polarized measurement antenna is inserted at the bottom of a cavity formed by the isolation material.
4. The phased array antenna calibration system of claim 3, wherein the dual polarized test antenna further comprises:
a tuner connecting a second end of the outer core and a second end of the inner core of the feed.
5. The phased array antenna calibration system of claim 2, further comprising:
a mobile assembly comprising a first mobile station and a second mobile station;
a fixed loading device comprising a first fixed loading mechanism and a second fixed loading mechanism.
6. The phased array antenna calibration system of claim 5, wherein,
the dual-polarized antenna array is arranged at any position of the movable assembly, the fixed loading device and the inner wall of the microwave anechoic chamber, and the phased array antenna is arranged at any position of the movable assembly and the fixed loading device.
7. The phased array antenna calibration system as claimed in any of claims 1 to 6, wherein the predetermined distance is less than or equal to 10cm or twice the wavelength.
8. A method of phased array antenna calibration, using a system according to any of claims 1 to 7, wherein the method comprises the steps of:
Selecting an equal number of the measurement antennas and the measured antennas;
the position of each measuring antenna and the position of each antenna to be measured are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence mode; and
and at least one measuring antenna is turned on each time to carry out calibration measurement on the measured antenna at the corresponding position until each measured antenna completes the calibration measurement.
9. The method of calibrating a phased array antenna according to claim 8, characterized in that said measuring antennas are switched on electrically each time at least one of said measuring antennas is switched on.
10. The method of calibrating a phased array antenna of claim 8, further comprising, after selecting an equal number of the measurement antennas and the antenna under test:
disposing the antenna array on the first fixed mounting mechanism and the phased array antenna on the first mobile station;
and after the first mobile station is moved, the position of each measuring antenna is arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the position of each antenna to be measured.
11. The method of calibrating a phased array antenna of claim 8, further comprising, after selecting an equal number of the measurement antennas and the antenna under test:
Disposing the phased array antenna on the first fixed mounting mechanism and the antenna array on the first mobile station;
and after the first mobile station is moved, the position of each measuring antenna is arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the position of each antenna to be measured.
12. The method of calibrating a phased array antenna of claim 8, further comprising, after selecting an equal number of the measurement antennas and the antenna under test:
disposing the phased array antenna on the first mobile station and the antenna array on the second mobile station;
and after at least one of the first mobile station and/or the second mobile station is moved, the position of each measuring antenna is correspondingly arranged with the position of each measured antenna.
13. The method of calibrating a phased array antenna of claim 8, further comprising, after selecting an equal number of the measurement antennas and the antenna under test:
disposing the phased array antenna on the second fixed mounting mechanism and the antenna array on the first fixed mounting mechanism;
and enabling the position of each measuring antenna to be in one-to-one correspondence with the position of each measured antenna.
14. The method of calibrating a phased array antenna of claim 8, further comprising, after selecting an equal number of the measurement antennas and the antenna under test:
arranging the phased array antenna on the first mobile station, and arranging the measuring antenna array on the inner wall of the anechoic chamber;
and after the first mobile station is moved, the position of each measuring antenna is arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the position of each antenna to be measured.
15. The method of calibrating a phased array antenna of claim 8, further comprising, after selecting an equal number of the measurement antennas and the antenna under test:
and arranging the phased array antenna on the first fixed loading mechanism, and arranging the measuring antenna array on the inner wall of the microwave anechoic chamber.
And enabling the position of each measuring antenna to be in one-to-one correspondence with the position of each measured antenna.
16. The method for calibrating a phased array antenna according to any of claims 8-15, further comprising, after each turning on of said at least one measuring antenna and until said each antenna under test completes a calibration measurement:
moving at least one of the first mobile station and the second mobile station.
17. A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored which, when being executed by a processor, carries out a method of calibrating a phased array antenna according to any one of claims 8 to 16.
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