CN111863586A - Electron and ion velocity imaging lens for liquid phase energy spectrometer - Google Patents
Electron and ion velocity imaging lens for liquid phase energy spectrometer Download PDFInfo
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- CN111863586A CN111863586A CN202010745085.1A CN202010745085A CN111863586A CN 111863586 A CN111863586 A CN 111863586A CN 202010745085 A CN202010745085 A CN 202010745085A CN 111863586 A CN111863586 A CN 111863586A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J49/00—Particle spectrometers or separator tubes
- H01J49/02—Details
- H01J49/06—Electron- or ion-optical arrangements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J49/00—Particle spectrometers or separator tubes
- H01J49/02—Details
- H01J49/06—Electron- or ion-optical arrangements
- H01J49/067—Ion lenses, apertures, skimmers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J49/00—Particle spectrometers or separator tubes
- H01J49/26—Mass spectrometers or separator tubes
- H01J49/34—Dynamic spectrometers
Abstract
The invention discloses an electron and ion velocity imaging lens for a liquid phase energy spectrometer, which comprises a first electrostatic lens group, a second electrostatic lens group and a vacuum differential pumping cylinder which are arranged in sequence, the invention provides a third electrostatic lens group, a fourth electrostatic lens group and a fifth electrostatic lens group, which are used for liquid phase, in particular to an electron and ion velocity imaging technology of an energy spectrometer of high-volatility solution (such as aqueous solution), solves the bottleneck that a conventional lens imaging polar plate cannot apply high pressure required by work under low vacuum, develops an imaging technology for velocity size distribution and space angle distribution information of electrons and ions in the solution, overcomes the defect that the conventional liquid phase energy spectrometer is insufficient in measurement information of the electrons and the ions, and provides a novel measurement technology for the velocity size distribution and the space angle distribution information of the electrons and the ions for biomolecular research.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an energy spectrum measuring and analyzing instrument, in particular to an electron and ion velocity imaging lens for a liquid phase energy spectrometer.
Background
The velocity imaging technology is widely applied to gas-phase and solid-phase energy spectrum measuring and analyzing instruments, and can research the spatial distribution information of chemical reaction products. The velocity imaging techniques include electron imaging techniques and ion velocity imaging techniques, depending on the type of charged particles to be detected. The core component of the velocity imaging technology is a velocity imaging lens, which has the function of enabling an electric field to form an electronic lens similar to optical focusing, namely changing the motion track of charged particles to enable the charged particles which are positioned at different positions in the spatial distribution of a particle source and have the same velocity to be focused on the same point on the surface of a detector, thereby realizing the measurement of the velocity size distribution and the spatial angle distribution information of the charged particles.
Currently, the most commonly used ion velocity imaging lenses are proposed by dutch scientists epping and Parker in 1997, who made a significant improvement over the previous conventional ion accelerating electrode plate, namely, Wiley-McLaren's tertiary electrodes (repeller plate R, puller plate E and earth plate G) instead of the secondary electrodes of the conventional imaging device, and a central open-circle plate instead of the grid. The improved electrode is called an ion lens, the electric field of the ion lens is a non-uniform electric field, and when ions move in the non-uniform electric field, the movement locus of the ions is a curve. By designing the plate voltage configuration appropriately, ions with the same velocity and at different positions in the spatial distribution of the ion source can be focused on the same point on the surface of the detector. The ion imaging technology after the ion lens is adopted not only improves the imaging resolution ratio, but also can improve the ion passing rate.
At present, the velocity imaging lens has been widely applied to gas-phase and solid-phase spectrometers (for the study of molecular reaction kinetics), and has not been reported to be applied to liquid-phase spectrometers. The liquid phase spectrometer needs to solve the technical bottlenecks that the solution can not exist in vacuum and the high vacuum degree required by the liquid phase spectrometer is incompatible with the high volatility of the solution. Recently, liquid phase spectrometers have just been developed, but electron lenses are not used for collecting and focusing electrons, but magnetic fields or electron field-free flight are used for measuring the velocity of electrons, and spatial angle distribution information of electrons cannot be directly measured at the same time. The main reason why the electron or ion imaging lens is not applied to the liquid phase spectrometer is that the electron or ion imaging lens needs to apply high voltage to its electrode plate when working, and the low vacuum degree in the liquid phase spectrometer can cause the high voltage electrode plate to discharge and cannot apply high voltage to its electrode plate. Therefore, it is expected to develop a novel electron or ion imaging lens to solve the bottleneck that the low vacuum lower plate cannot apply high voltage, and further to be applied to a liquid phase spectrometer under low vacuum degree, so as to realize imaging measurement of velocity size distribution and spatial angle distribution information of electrons or ions in a solution.
In view of the above bottleneck, the present invention provides an electron and ion velocity imaging lens for a liquid phase spectrometer. The working voltage of the electron and ion imaging lens only needs low voltage, the discharge phenomenon of a high-voltage polar plate under low vacuum can be effectively avoided, and the functional units of the electron and ion imaging lens comprise a low-voltage leading-out area, a space focusing area, an imaging focusing area, a constraint area and a detection area. Compared with the existing liquid phase energy spectrometer which measures electrons by utilizing a magnetic field or electron field-free flight mode, the electron and ion imaging lens provided by the invention has the advantages of high electron and ion collection rate, capability of directly measuring the velocity distribution and the spatial angle distribution of electrons and ions and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art and provides an electron and ion velocity imaging lens for a liquid phase energy spectrometer. The invention provides a novel measurement technology of electron and ion velocity size distribution and space angle distribution information for biomolecular research, which is applied to the research of molecular imaging in the fields of chemistry, physics, biology, medicine and the like related to biomolecular.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
an electron and ion velocity imaging lens for a liquid phase energy spectrometer comprises a vacuum differential pumping cylinder, a first electrostatic lens group and a second electrostatic lens group which are sequentially arranged at the outer side of the closed end of the vacuum differential pumping cylinder,
the first electrostatic lens group comprises a first polar plate, a third polar plate and a nozzle electrode, the first polar plate) and the third polar plate are arranged in parallel, the nozzle electrode is arranged between the first polar plate and the third polar plate, the center of the first polar plate is not provided with a hole, the center of the third polar plate is provided with a hole, the same straight line where the center of the first polar plate and the center hole of the third polar plate are positioned is the central axis of the first electrostatic lens group,
the second electrostatic lens group comprises a fourth polar plate, a fifth polar plate and a sixth polar plate, the fourth polar plate is connected with the third polar plate through an insulating assembly, the fourth polar plate and the sixth polar plate are arranged in parallel, the fifth polar plate is arranged between the fourth polar plate and the sixth polar plate, the fifth polar plate comprises a cylindrical electrode and end surface electrodes arranged at two ends of the cylindrical electrode, the two end surface electrodes of the fifth polar plate are both provided with a central hole, the same straight line where the central hole of the fourth polar plate, the central axis of the cylindrical electrode of the fifth polar plate, the central holes of the two end surface electrodes of the fifth polar plate and the central hole of the sixth polar plate are positioned is the central axis of the second electrostatic lens group,
the sixth polar plate is connected with the outer side of the closed end of the vacuum differential pumping cylinder through an insulating assembly, and a circular hole is formed in the closed end of the vacuum differential pumping cylinder.
An electron and ion velocity imaging lens for a liquid phase energy spectrometer, further comprising a third electrostatic lens group, wherein the third electrostatic lens group comprises a seventh polar plate, an eighth polar plate and a ninth polar plate which are sequentially distributed,
the seventh polar plate is connected with the inner side of the closed end of the vacuum differential pumping cylinder through an insulation assembly, the seventh polar plate, the eighth polar plate and the ninth polar plate are all provided with center holes, and the same straight line where the center holes of the seventh polar plate, the eighth polar plate and the ninth polar plate are located is the central axis of the third electrostatic lens group.
The midpoint of the distance between the central holes of the seventh polar plate and the eighth polar plate coincides with the focal point of the second electrostatic lens group.
An electron and ion velocity imaging lens for a liquid phase energy spectrometer further comprises a fourth electrostatic lens group, wherein the fourth electrostatic lens group comprises a tenth polar plate, an eleventh polar plate and a twelfth polar plate which are sequentially arranged,
the tenth polar plate, the eleventh polar plate and the twelfth polar plate respectively comprise cylindrical electrodes and end surface electrodes arranged at two ends of the cylindrical electrodes, the central axes of the cylindrical electrodes of the tenth polar plate, the eleventh polar plate and the twelfth polar plate are collinear and are used as the central axis of the fourth electrostatic lens group, the end surface electrodes of the tenth polar plate, the eleventh polar plate and the twelfth polar plate are respectively provided with a central hole, the central holes of the end surface electrodes of the tenth polar plate, the eleventh polar plate and the twelfth polar plate are positioned on the central axis of the fourth electrostatic lens group,
the tenth polar plate is connected with the ninth polar plate through an insulating assembly.
The utility model provides an electron and ion velocity imaging lens for liquid phase energy spectrometer, still includes the fifth static battery of lens, and the fifth static battery of lens includes the thirteenth polar plate, and the thirteenth polar plate is provided with the centre bore, and the central axis of thirteenth polar plate is the central axis of fifth static battery of lens.
The central hole of the thirteenth polar plate is provided with a grid mesh.
The first polar plate and the third polar plate are circular electrode plates and have the same diameter, the diameter of the first polar plate and the diameter of the third polar plate are D1, and the aperture of the central hole of the third polar plate is less than 0.5D 1;
the central hole diameter of the fourth polar plate, the central hole diameter of the end face electrode of the fifth polar plate, the inner diameter of the cylindrical electrode of the fifth polar plate and the central hole diameter of the sixth polar plate are the same and are larger than the central hole diameter of the third polar plate;
the hole diameters of the central holes of the eighth polar plate and the ninth polar plate are the same and are larger than that of the central hole of the seventh polar plate;
the central hole diameters of the end face electrodes of the tenth polar plate, the eleventh polar plate and the twelfth polar plate are the same as the inner diameter of the cylindrical electrode and are larger than the central hole diameters of the central holes of the eighth polar plate and the central hole diameters of the central holes of the ninth polar plate.
The voltage of the nozzle electrode is half of that of the first polar plate;
the voltage of the third polar plate, the fourth polar plate and the sixth polar plate is 0V;
the voltages of the seventh polar plate, the eighth polar plate and the ninth polar plate are increased in sequence;
the voltages of the tenth polar plate, the twelfth polar plate, the eleventh polar plate and the ninth polar plate are equal;
the voltage of the ninth polar plate is the same as that of the thirteenth polar plate.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides an electron and ion velocity imaging technology for an energy spectrometer used for liquid phase, in particular to high-volatility solution (such as aqueous solution), solves the bottleneck that the conventional lens imaging polar plate cannot apply high pressure required by work under low vacuum, develops an imaging technology for the velocity size distribution and space angle distribution information of electrons and ions in the solution, overcomes the defect that the existing liquid phase energy spectrometer is insufficient in the measurement information of the electrons and the ions, provides a novel measurement technology for the velocity size distribution and the space angle distribution information of the electrons and the ions for biomolecular research, and is bound to be applied to the research of molecular imaging in the fields of chemistry, physics, biology, medicine and the like related to the biomolecular.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a numerical calculation simulation of an image of an electron using the lens of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-a first polar plate; 2-a nozzle electrode; 3-a third polar plate; 4-a fourth polar plate; 5-a fifth polar plate; 6-a sixth polar plate; 7-a seventh polar plate; 8-eighth polar plate; 9-ninth polar plate; 10-tenth polar plate; 11-eleventh polar plate; 12-a twelfth polar plate; 13-a thirteenth polar plate; 14-vacuum differential pumping cylinder; 15-insulating component.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples for the purpose of facilitating understanding and practice of the invention by those of ordinary skill in the art, and it is to be understood that the present invention has been described in the illustrative embodiments and is not to be construed as limited thereto.
An electron and ion velocity imaging lens for a liquid phase spectrometer comprising: the device comprises a first electrostatic lens group, a second electrostatic lens group, a vacuum differential pumping cylinder, a third electrostatic lens group, a fourth electrostatic lens group and a fifth electrostatic lens group which are sequentially connected in series from an electron or ion generation source. The central axis of the first electrostatic lens group, the second electrostatic lens group, the third electrostatic lens group, the fourth electrostatic lens group, the fifth electrostatic lens group and the circular hole at the closed end of the vacuum differential pumping cylinder 14 are collinear, the first electrostatic lens group, the second electrostatic lens group, the third electrostatic lens group, the fourth electrostatic lens group and the fifth electrostatic lens group are made of stainless steel, the insulating component is polytetrafluoroethylene or machinable ceramic, and the first to fourth electrostatic lens groups are all installed on the vacuum differential pumping cylinder 14 through a stainless steel screw and the insulating component.
The first electrostatic lens group has the function of leading out electrons or ions at low voltage, and the number of the lens polar plates of the first electrostatic lens group is three, namely a first polar plate 1, a third polar plate 3 and a nozzle electrode 2.
The first polar plate 1 and the third polar plate 3 are arranged in parallel, the nozzle electrode 2 is arranged between the first polar plate 1 and the third polar plate 3, the center of the first polar plate 1 is not provided with a hole, the center of the third polar plate 3 is provided with a hole, the same straight line where the center of the first polar plate 1 and the center hole of the third polar plate 3 are located is the central axis of the first electrostatic lens group, the first polar plate 1 is provided with a voltage U1, and the third polar plate 3 is provided with a voltage of 0V; the first polar plate 1 and the third polar plate 3 are circular electrode plates, the outer diameter is D1(mm), the thickness is 1(mm), the distance between the first polar plate 1 and the third polar plate 3 is L1(mm), the center of the first polar plate 1 is not provided with a hole, the diameter of the hole at the center of the third polar plate 3 is phi 1(mm), and the phi 1 is less than 0.5D1, and the electrode plates are used for an electron or ion transmission channel; the nozzle electrode 2 of the liquid phase mass spectrometer is positioned between the first polar plate 1 and the third polar plate 3, the nozzle electrode 2 is used as a sample injection nozzle, the material of the nozzle electrode 2 is stainless steel, the nozzle electrode 2 is positioned between the first polar plate 1 and the third polar plate 3, and the set voltage is 0.5U 1.
For the electron velocity imaging lens, the polarity of the voltage U1 set on the first plate 1 is negative, the voltage is low, and can be set to be equal to or greater than-5V and less than 0V, and the voltage U1 set on the first plate 1 is typically-5V.
For the ion velocity imaging lens, the polarity of the voltage U1 set by the first plate 1 is positive, the voltage is low, and can be set to be less than or equal to +5V and greater than 0V, and the voltage U1 is usually set to be + 5V.
The function of the second electrostatic lens group is to spatially focus the diverging electrons or ions extracted by the first electrostatic lens group so that the electrons or ions are converged into an electron or ion source state again. The second electrostatic lens group includes a fourth polar plate 4, a fifth polar plate 5, and a sixth polar plate 6.
The fourth polar plate 4 is connected with the third polar plate 3 through an insulation assembly 15, the fourth polar plate 4 and the sixth polar plate 6 are arranged in parallel, the fifth polar plate 5 is arranged between the fourth polar plate 4 and the sixth polar plate 6, the fifth polar plate 5 comprises a first cylindrical electrode, a first end surface electrode and a second end surface electrode, two ends of the first cylindrical electrode are respectively connected with the first end surface electrode and the second end surface electrode, the first end surface electrode and the second end surface electrode are both provided with a central hole, the first end surface electrode is adjacent to the fourth polar plate 4 in parallel, the second end surface electrode is adjacent to the sixth polar plate 6 in parallel, and the central hole diameter of the fourth polar plate 4, the central hole diameter of the first end surface electrode, the inner diameter of the first cylindrical electrode, the central hole diameter of the second end surface electrode and the central hole diameter of the sixth polar plate 6 are all the same. And the same straight line where the central hole of the fourth polar plate 4, the central hole of the first end surface electrode, the axis of the first cylindrical electrode, the central hole of the second end surface electrode and the central hole of the sixth polar plate 6 are positioned is used as the central axis of the second electrostatic lens group. The sixth polar plate 6 is connected with the outer side of the closed end of the vacuum differential pumping cylinder 14 through an insulating assembly 15, and a circular hole is formed in the closed end of the vacuum differential pumping cylinder 14.
The voltage set by the fourth polar plate 4 is 0V, the voltage set by the fifth polar plate 5 is U2, and the voltage set by the sixth polar plate 6 is 0V; the fourth polar plate 4 and the sixth polar plate 6 are both circular electrode plates, the outer diameter is D1(mm), the thickness is 1(mm), the distance between the fourth polar plate 4 and the sixth polar plate 6 is L2(mm), the centers of the fourth polar plate 4 and the sixth polar plate 6 are both provided with holes with the diameter phi 2(mm), and phi 2 is more than or equal to phi 1 and is used for a divergent electron or ion transmission channel; the fifth polar plate 5 comprises a first cylindrical electrode, a first end surface electrode and a second end surface electrode which are arranged on two end surfaces of the first cylindrical electrode, the wall thickness of the first cylindrical electrode is 1(mm), the diameters, the central hole diameters and the thicknesses of the first end surface electrode and the second end surface electrode are the same as those of the fourth plate 4, the inner diameter of the first cylindrical electrode, the central hole diameter of the first end surface electrode and the central hole diameter of the second end surface electrode are phi 2(mm), and the phi 2 is more than or equal to phi 1 and is used for a divergent electron or ion transmission channel; the distance between the fourth electrode plate 4 and the first end face electrode of the adjacent fifth electrode plate 5 is L3(mm), and the distance between the sixth electrode plate 6 and the second end face electrode of the adjacent fifth electrode plate 5 is also L3 (mm).
For the electron velocity imaging lens, the polarity of the voltage U2 is set to be positive by the fifth plate 5, the voltage is low, the absolute value of the voltage can be set to be less than or equal to 100V, and the voltage U2 is set to be 85V by the fifth plate 5.
For the ion velocity imaging lens, the polarity of the fifth polar plate 5 setting voltage U2 is negative, the voltage is low, the absolute value of the voltage can be set to be less than or equal to 100V, and the fifth polar plate 5 setting voltage U2 is usually set to-85V. The focal length of the second electrostatic lens group is F1 mm, and F1 can be changed by adjusting the size of U2, and the focal point is a refocusing electron or ion source.
The third electrostatic lens group has the function of focusing and imaging electrons or ions after refocusing, the third electrostatic lens group comprises a seventh polar plate 7, an eighth polar plate 8 and a ninth polar plate 9 which are sequentially distributed, the seventh polar plate 7 is connected with the inner side of the closed end of the vacuum differential pumping cylinder 14 through an insulating assembly 15, the seventh polar plate 7, the eighth polar plate 8 and the ninth polar plate 9 are all provided with center holes, and the same straight line where the center holes of the seventh polar plate 7, the eighth polar plate 8 and the ninth polar plate 9 are located is the central axis of the third electrostatic lens group.
The central hole apertures of the eighth polar plate 8 and the ninth polar plate 9 are larger than the central hole aperture of the seventh polar plate 7, and the middle point of the distance between the central holes of the seventh polar plate 7 and the eighth polar plate 8 is superposed with the focus corresponding to the focusing length F1 of the second electrostatic lens group.
The voltages of the seventh polar plate 7, the eighth polar plate 8 and the ninth polar plate 9 are respectively set to be U3, U4 and U5, and U3, U4 and U5 are set to be imaging voltage proportion; the seventh polar plate 7, the eighth polar plate 8, the ninth polar plate 9 are circular electrode pieces, the outer diameter is D1(mm), the thickness is 1(mm), the distance between the seventh polar plate 7 and the eighth polar plate 8 is L4(mm), the distance between the eighth polar plate 8 and the ninth polar plate 9 is also L4(mm), the diameter of the central opening of the seventh polar plate 7 is phi 3(mm), 3mm is not less than phi 3 and not more than 10mm, the diameter of the central opening of the eighth polar plate 8 and the ninth polar plate 9 is phi 4(mm), and phi 4> phi 3 is satisfied, and the electrode piece is used for an electron or ion transmission channel. The middle point of the distance between the central holes of the seventh polar plate 7 and the eighth polar plate 8 coincides with the focus corresponding to the focusing length F1 of the second electrostatic lens group.
For the electron velocity imaging lens, the polarities of U3, U4 and U5 are positive, the voltage magnitude is low voltage, and the absolute value of the voltage can be set to 200V or less.
For the ion velocity imaging lens, the polarities of U3, U4 and U5 are negative, the voltage magnitude is low voltage, and the absolute value of the voltage can be set to 200V or less.
The fourth electrostatic lens group has the function of restraining electrons or ions focused and imaged by the third electrostatic lens, so that the electrons or ions with an overlarge divergence angle are restrained in a certain axial range, and the electrons or ions can reach the detector without loss. The fourth electrostatic lens group comprises a tenth polar plate 10, an eleventh polar plate 11 and a twelfth polar plate 12 which are sequentially arranged, the tenth polar plate 10, the eleventh polar plate 11 and the twelfth polar plate 12 respectively comprise a cylindrical electrode and end surface electrodes arranged at two ends of the cylindrical electrode, the central axes of the cylindrical electrodes of the tenth polar plate 10, the eleventh polar plate 11 and the twelfth polar plate 12 are collinear and are used as the central axis of the fourth electrostatic lens group, the end surface electrodes of the tenth polar plate 10, the eleventh polar plate 11 and the twelfth polar plate 12 are respectively provided with a central hole, the central holes of the end surface electrodes of the tenth polar plate 10, the eleventh polar plate 11 and the twelfth polar plate 12 are positioned on the central axis of the fourth electrostatic lens group, and the tenth polar plate 10 is connected with the ninth polar plate 9 through an insulating assembly 15. The wall thickness of the cylindrical electrode is 1(mm), the inner diameters of the cylindrical electrodes of the tenth polar plate 10, the eleventh polar plate 11 and the twelfth polar plate 12 and the diameter of the central hole of the end surface electrode are phi 5(mm), and the phi 5 is more than or equal to phi 4 and is used for a divergent electron or ion transmission channel; the distance between the two adjacent end electrodes of the eleventh electrode plate 11 and the tenth electrode plate 10 is L5(mm), and the distance between the two adjacent end electrodes of the eleventh electrode plate 11 and the twelfth electrode plate 12 is L5 (mm).
The fourth electrostatic lens group and the third electrostatic lens group are coaxially arranged, and the distance between the end surface polar plates adjacent to the ninth polar plate 9 and the tenth polar plate 10 is L6 (mm). The tenth plate 10 is set to a voltage of U6, the eleventh plate 11 is set to a voltage of U7, and the twelfth plate 12 is set to a voltage of U8. The voltage setting modes of the tenth polar plate 10, the eleventh polar plate 11 and the twelfth polar plate 12 are two modes: u6 ═ U8 ═ U7 ═ U5 (unconstrained action) and U7 ═ U6 ═ U8 ═ U5 (constrained action), and the positive and negative polarities of the voltages of U6, U8, and U7 are equal to the polarity of the voltage U5 of the ninth polar plate 9.
The fifth electrostatic lens group has the function of detecting electrons or ions focused and imaged by the fourth electrostatic lens so that the electrons or ions can reach the microchannel plate detector, the fifth electrostatic lens group comprises a thirteenth polar plate 13, the central axis of the thirteenth polar plate 13 is the central axis of the fifth electrostatic lens group, and the central hole of the thirteenth polar plate 13 is located on the central axis of the fifth electrostatic lens group: the voltage of the thirteenth plate 13 is set to U9 ═ U5, and the positive and negative polarities of the voltage are equal to the polarity of the voltage U5 of the ninth plate 9. The fifth electrostatic lens group and the fourth electrostatic lens group are coaxially arranged, and the distance between the end surface polar plates adjacent to the thirteenth polar plate 13 and the twelfth polar plate 12 is L7 (mm). The thirteenth polar plate 13 is a circular electrode plate, the outer diameter is D1(mm), the thickness is 1(mm), the diameter of the central opening of the thirteenth polar plate 13 is phi 6(mm), phi 6 is more than or equal to phi 5, or a grid structure is arranged in the central opening and is used for an electron or ion transmission channel. The thirteenth plate 13 may be mounted on the flange of the microchannel plate probe or may be custom made and substituted for the grid electrode of the microchannel plate probe.
The vacuum differential pumping cylinder 14 has the functions of a vacuum differential pumping system for the liquid phase spectrometer and the installation and fixation of the first to the fourth electrostatic lens groups. The vacuum differential pumping cylinder 14 is a cylindrical tubular structure, the inner diameter of the vacuum differential pumping cylinder 14 is larger than D1 mm, the vacuum differential pumping cylinder and the first to fourth electrostatic lens groups are coaxially arranged, one end of the vacuum differential pumping cylinder 14 is open, the other end of the vacuum differential pumping cylinder 14 is a closed end, and two sides of the closed end of the vacuum differential pumping cylinder 14 are respectively provided with an installation screw hole for installing the electrostatic lens groups. The center of the closed end of the vacuum differential pumping cylinder 14 is provided with a circular hole, and the diameter of the circular hole is larger than the aperture phi 3(mm) of the central hole of the seventh polar plate 7. And a seventh polar plate 7 of the third electrostatic lens group is connected with the inner side of the closed end of the vacuum differential pumping cylinder 14 through an insulating assembly 15, and an insulating rubber ring is further arranged between the seventh polar plate 7 and the inner side of the closed end of the vacuum differential pumping cylinder 14. The sixth polar plate 6 of the second electrostatic lens group is connected with the outer side of the closed end of the vacuum differential pumping cylinder 14 through an insulating assembly 15.
The insulation component 15 is made of polytetrafluoroethylene or a machinable ceramic piece, and the insulation component 15 comprises an insulation loop bar, an insulation interval sleeve piece and an insulation fastening screw. When stainless steel screws (M3 gauge) were mounted on the inside and outside of the closed end of the vacuum differential pump cylinder 14, the stainless steel rod of M3 can be sleeved with an insulating loop bar matched with a stainless steel screw (M3 specification), then each polar plate is sleeved on the insulating loop bar, the distance between adjacent polar plates is adjusted through an insulating interval sleeve sleeved on the insulating loop bar, the outer edges of the first, third, fourth, sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth and thirteenth polar plates are respectively provided with four mounting through holes which are equally distributed circumferentially, all polar plates are provided with mounting through holes with the same mounting size, the outer edges of the end-face polar plates of the fifth, tenth, eleventh and twelfth polar plates are respectively provided with four mounting through holes which are equally distributed circumferentially, all polar plates are provided with mounting through holes with the same mounting size, the mounting through holes are used for penetrating through the insulating loop bar of the insulating assembly 15, and the adjacent polar plates are provided with interval distance through the insulating interval sleeve sleeved on the insulating loop bar. The first, third-thirteen pole plates are connected in series on the insulating sleeve rod through the mounting through holes, the distance between the pole plates is adjusted and fixed through an additional insulating interval sleeve, the insulating interval sleeve is sleeved on the insulating sleeve rod, and the insulating interval sleeve is set to be as long as the distance between the pole plates for spacing different pole plates. Finally, the two outer end faces are tightly pressed through insulating fastening screws to achieve the fastening and mounting effects.
In this example, numerical calculation simulation of the image formation of electrons was performed using the lens of the present invention, and the result is shown in fig. 2.
Parameter values (in mm): d1 ═ 100mm, Φ 1 ═ 48mm, Φ 3 ═ 10mm, Φ 4 ═ 36mm, Φ 5 ═ 80mm, L1 ═ 32mm, L2 ═ 98mm, L3 ═ 98mm, L4 ═ 14mm, L5 ═ 4mm, L6 ═ 59mm, L7 mm, F1 ═ 231mm, U1 ═ 5V, U2 ═ 85V, U3 ═ 40V, U4 ═ 150V, U5 ═ 200V, U6 ═ 200V, U7 ═ 500V, U8 ═ 200V, U9 ═ 200V, and electron energy is 0.5 eV.
As shown in FIG. 2, electrons with energy of 0.5eV are distributed in three groups along the axial direction, and the electrons are imaged by a detector at the rightmost end after passing through an electron imaging lens from the middle of the first polar plate and the third polar plate.
Fig. 2 shows that the present invention can operate at a low voltage and complete imaging of velocity size distribution and spatial angle distribution information of electrons, and the present invention provides a lens that is different from a conventional lens requiring a high voltage operation requirement, and can be applied to a liquid phase spectrometer under a low vacuum degree to realize imaging measurement of velocity size distribution and spatial angle distribution information of electrons or ions in a solution.
The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Various modifications or additions may be made to the described embodiments or alternatives may be employed by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit or ambit of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. An electron and ion velocity imaging lens for a liquid phase energy spectrometer comprises a vacuum differential pumping cylinder (14) and is characterized by further comprising a first electrostatic lens group and a second electrostatic lens group which are sequentially arranged on the outer side of the closed end of the vacuum differential pumping cylinder (14),
the first electrostatic lens group comprises a first polar plate (1), a third polar plate (3) and a nozzle electrode (2), the first polar plate (1) and the third polar plate (3) are arranged in parallel, the nozzle electrode (2) is arranged between the first polar plate (1) and the third polar plate (3), the center of the first polar plate (1) is not provided with a hole, the center of the third polar plate (3) is provided with a hole, the same straight line where the center of the first polar plate (1) and the center hole of the third polar plate (3) are located is the central axis of the first electrostatic lens group,
the second electrostatic lens group comprises a fourth polar plate (4), a fifth polar plate (5) and a sixth polar plate (6), the fourth polar plate (4) is connected with the third polar plate (3) through an insulation assembly (15), the fourth polar plate (4) and the sixth polar plate (6) are arranged in parallel, the fifth polar plate (5) is arranged between the fourth polar plate (4) and the sixth polar plate (6), the fifth polar plate (5) comprises a cylindrical electrode and end surface electrodes arranged at two ends of the cylindrical electrode, both end surface electrodes of the fifth polar plate (5) are provided with a central hole, the central hole of the fourth polar plate (4), the central axis of the cylindrical electrode of the fifth polar plate (5), the central holes of both end surface electrodes of the fifth polar plate (5) and the central hole of the sixth polar plate (6) are positioned on the same straight line as the central axis of the second electrostatic lens group,
the sixth polar plate (6) is connected with the outer side of the closed end of the vacuum differential pumping cylinder (14) through an insulating assembly (15), and a circular hole is formed in the closed end of the vacuum differential pumping cylinder (14).
2. The electron and ion velocity imaging lens for a liquid phase energy spectrometer according to claim 1, characterized by further comprising a third electrostatic lens group, wherein the third electrostatic lens group comprises a seventh polar plate (7), an eighth polar plate (8) and a ninth polar plate (9) which are distributed in sequence,
the seventh polar plate (7) is connected with the inner side of the closed end of the vacuum differential pumping cylinder (14) through an insulation assembly (15), the seventh polar plate (7), the eighth polar plate (8) and the ninth polar plate (9) are all provided with center holes, and the same straight line where the center holes of the seventh polar plate (7), the eighth polar plate (8) and the ninth polar plate (9) are located is the central axis of the third electrostatic lens group.
3. An electron and ion velocity imaging lens for liquid phase spectrometer according to claim 2 characterized in that the mid point of the distance between the central holes of the seventh polar plate (7) and the eighth polar plate (8) coincides with the focal point of the second electrostatic lens group.
4. The electron and ion velocity imaging lens for a liquid phase energy spectrometer according to claim 3, characterized by further comprising a fourth electrostatic lens group, wherein the fourth electrostatic lens group comprises a tenth polar plate (10), an eleventh polar plate (11) and a twelfth polar plate (12) which are arranged in sequence,
the tenth polar plate (10), the eleventh polar plate (11) and the twelfth polar plate (12) respectively comprise cylindrical electrodes and end surface electrodes arranged at two ends of the cylindrical electrodes, the central axes of the cylindrical electrodes of the tenth polar plate (10), the eleventh polar plate (11) and the twelfth polar plate (12) are collinear and are used as the central axis of the fourth electrostatic lens group, the end surface electrodes of the tenth polar plate (10), the eleventh polar plate (11) and the twelfth polar plate (12) are respectively provided with a central hole, the central holes of the end surface electrodes of the tenth polar plate (10), the eleventh polar plate (11) and the twelfth polar plate (12) are positioned on the central axis of the fourth electrostatic lens group,
the tenth polar plate (10) is connected with the ninth polar plate (9) through an insulating assembly (15).
5. The electron and ion velocity imaging lens for a liquid phase energy spectrometer according to claim 4, characterized by further comprising a fifth electrostatic lens group, wherein the fifth electrostatic lens group comprises a thirteenth polar plate (13), the thirteenth polar plate (13) is provided with a central hole, and the central axis of the thirteenth polar plate (13) is the central axis of the fifth electrostatic lens group.
6. The lens for imaging electron and ion velocities for liquid phase energy spectrometers according to claim 5, characterized in that the central hole of said thirteenth plate (13) is provided with a grid.
7. The lens of claim 6 for imaging electron and ion velocities for liquid phase spectrometer,
the first polar plate (1) and the third polar plate (3) are circular electrode plates and have the same diameter, the diameter of the first polar plate (1) and the diameter of the third polar plate (3) are D1, and the aperture of a central hole of the third polar plate (3) is less than 0.5D 1;
the central hole diameter of the fourth polar plate (4), the central hole diameter of the end face electrode of the fifth polar plate (5), the inner diameter of the cylindrical electrode of the fifth polar plate (5) and the central hole diameter of the sixth polar plate (6) are the same and are larger than the central hole diameter of the third polar plate (3);
the hole diameters of the central holes of the eighth polar plate (8) and the ninth polar plate (9) are the same and are larger than that of the central hole of the seventh polar plate (7);
the central hole diameters of the end face electrodes of the tenth polar plate (10), the eleventh polar plate (11) and the twelfth polar plate (12) are the same as the inner diameter of the cylindrical electrode and are larger than the central hole diameters of the eighth polar plate (8) and the ninth polar plate (9).
8. The lens of claim 7 for imaging electron and ion velocities for liquid phase spectrometer,
the voltage of the nozzle electrode (2) is half of that of the first polar plate (1);
the voltage of the third polar plate (3), the fourth polar plate (4) and the sixth polar plate (6) is 0V;
the voltages of the seventh polar plate (7), the eighth polar plate (8) and the ninth polar plate (9) are increased in sequence;
the voltages of the tenth polar plate (10), the twelfth polar plate (12), the eleventh polar plate (11) and the ninth polar plate (9) are equal;
the ninth polar plate (9) and the thirteenth polar plate (13) have the same voltage.
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| CN112420481A (en) * | 2020-11-26 | 2021-02-26 | 中国科学技术大学 | Mass spectrometer and ion lens device thereof |
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