CN111863529A

CN111863529A - Electricity-saving contactor

Info

Publication number: CN111863529A
Application number: CN201910520750.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李正庭
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2019-06-17
Filing date: 2019-06-17
Publication date: 2020-10-30

Abstract

The invention discloses an electricity-saving contactor, which also comprises a shell, a static iron core and a movable iron core, wherein the static iron core and the movable iron core are positioned in the shell, the static iron core is positioned below the movable iron core, a reset spring is arranged between the static iron core and the movable iron core, a permanent magnet is embedded in the center of the outer surface of the lower end of the movable iron core, the upper end of the movable iron core is fixedly connected with a connecting rod, two ends of the connecting rod are fixedly connected with movable contacts, the outer surface of the upper end of the shell is fixedly connected with a static contact at a position corresponding to the movable contacts, the upper end of the static iron core is provided with. The power-saving contactor saves electric power, the action of the movable iron core and the static iron core during the suction and the disconnection is faster than that of the current electromagnetic contactor, the production and personal accidents caused by the interphase short circuit or the arc ablation of the main contact of the contactor are reduced and avoided, the suction force between the armature iron and the static iron core is constant, the abrasion of the contact is reduced, and the service life of the contactor is prolonged.

Description

Electricity-saving contactor

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of contactors, in particular to an electricity-saving contactor.

Background

The contactor is a device which can quickly cut off an alternating current or direct current main loop and frequently switch on or off a heavy current load, and is a power electrical appliance widely used in the field of power. When the electromagnetic coil of the contactor is electrified, the magnetic field generated by the current in the electromagnetic coil enables the magnetic field suction force of the static iron core to attract the movable iron core and drive the contact of the contactor to act, the normally open contact is closed, and the normally closed contact is disconnected. When the coil is powered off, the electromagnetic attraction force disappears, the armature iron releases and resets under the action of the release spring, the normally open contact is disconnected, and the normally closed contact is closed.

However, when the existing contactor is used, the electromagnetic coil needs to be electrified to keep the contact closed, the contactor consumes electricity, and the action is slow when the movable iron core and the static iron core are attracted and disconnected, so that the contact is easy to be short-circuited or ablated to cause production and personal accidents, and the service life of the contactor can be shortened due to the abrasion of the contact.

Disclosure of Invention

Technical problem to be solved

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the power-saving contactor which saves electric power, the action of the movable iron core and the static iron core during the suction and the disconnection is faster than that of the current electromagnetic contactor, the production and personal accidents caused by short circuit or arc ablation between main contacts of the contactor are reduced and avoided, the service life of the contactor is prolonged, the current of the power-saving contactor in the electromagnetic contactor after the suction is zero, the suction force between an armature iron and the static iron core is constant, the abrasion of the contacts is reduced, and the service life of the contactor is prolonged.

(II) technical scheme

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a power-saving contactor comprises a rectifier bridge ZQ, wherein the alternating current input end of the rectifier bridge ZQ is connected with one end of an inductor L1 and one end of a piezoresistor RV, the other alternating current input end of the rectifier bridge ZQ is connected with the other end of the RV, the anode of the output end of the ZQ is connected with the anode of a diode D1, the anode of a capacitor C2, one end of R1 and one end of R5, the cathode of the output end of the ZQ is grounded, the cathode of D1 is connected with the anode of C1, one end of R3, one end of R2, one end of R4, the drain of a field effect tube VF3, the drain of VF4, the cathode of D3, the cathode of a capacitor C1 and C2 are grounded, the cathode of C2 is connected with the R4, the pin 1 of an optical voltage coupling circuit IC2 is connected with the other end of the R4, the pin 2 is connected with the drain of VF2, the pin 3 is connected with the other end of R3, the pin is connected with the anode of a pin SCR2, the gate of a 5 is connected with the gate of a, An anode of an electromagnetic coil starting end A, SCR1, a grid of a VF2 is connected with a pin 3 of a time base circuit IC1, a grid of a VF1 and a source of the VF2 to be grounded, a cathode of a voltage regulator DW1 is connected with the other end of an R1 and one end of a C3, an anode of a DW1 is connected with the other end of a C3, a cathode of a D2 and a base of a transistor T, an anode of a D2 is grounded, a collector of the T is connected with the other end of an R2, a control electrode of an SCR2 and a control electrode of an SCR1, an emitter of the T is grounded, a cathode of an SCR2 is grounded, a pin 1 of an IC1 is grounded, a pin 2 is connected with a pin 6, one end of an R6, one end of a C5, a pin 4, a cathode of a DW2, a cathode of the R6 and the other end of the R5;

Wherein, this power saving contactor still includes the shell, be located the inside quiet iron core of shell and move the iron core, quiet iron core is located the below of moving the iron core, and quiet iron core and move and be provided with reset spring between the iron core, the lower extreme surface center department that moves the iron core inlays and has the permanent magnet, and move the upper end fixedly connected with connecting rod of iron core, the equal fixedly connected with moving contact in both ends of connecting rod, and the upper end surface of shell corresponds the position fixedly connected with static contact of moving contact, the ring channel has been seted up to the upper end of quiet iron core, and the coil that is located under the permanent magnet has been cup.

The permanent magnet is flat cylindrical, a notch is formed in the contact position of the shell and the connecting rod, and the connecting rod is movably connected with the shell through the notch.

The permanent magnet adopts the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet with the model of L-38EHT, the specification of the permanent magnet is 5mm in thickness and 28mm in diameter, and a hole through which a screw with the diameter of 4mm can pass is formed in the center of the permanent magnet.

A300V and 280V power supply circuit is formed by a rectifier bridge ZQ, a diode D1, a capacitor C1 and a capacitor C2, a switch conversion circuit is formed by VF1, VF3, an SCR1 and VF4, and a power supply trigger pulse generating circuit is formed by a time base circuit IC1, a resistor R6 and a capacitor C5.

The BE junctions of R1, DW1, C3, D2 and T form a power supply short circuit prevention circuit, and the VF2, SCR2, IC2, R3 and R4 form an isolation coupling circuit.

The time base circuit IC1 is selected from the time base circuit 7555, and the model of the photoelectric coupler IC2 is selected from the PVI 1050N.

The coil is selected from the specification of wire diameter 0.18mm, 3700 turns and direct current resistance 310 ohm.

The parameters of electrical components in the circuit of the power-saving contactor can be determined by debugging and calculation (the specific method has written materials and can be provided for enterprises after transfer) according to the type of the contactor, the rated voltage of a coil, the rated current of a main loop and the like.

(III) advantageous effects

The invention provides an electricity-saving contactor, which has the following beneficial effects:

the power-saving contactor has high power-saving efficiency through the arranged permanent magnet and the control circuit thereof (the power consumption of the contactor is 0.46W in a pull-in state, which is about several percent of that of the traditional electromagnetic contactor and is different from the products of different manufacturers with the same model and specification, which is measured on a prototype with an electromagnetic coil of AC220V and a main contact current of 100A). The attraction force after attraction does not change along with the change of the power supply voltage, the production and personal accidents caused by the interphase short circuit caused by electric arcs in the outage can be reduced and avoided, and the under-voltage protection function is provided. The power-saving contactor is in a suction (working) state of the movable iron core and the static iron core, and has no current noise. Convenient to use, similar to a traditional contactor.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a control circuit diagram of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a control circuit according to the present invention.

In the figure: 1. a housing; 2. a stationary iron core; 3. a movable iron core; 4. a return spring; 5. a permanent magnet; 6. a connecting rod; 7. a moving contact; 8. static contact; 9. an annular groove; 10. and a coil.

Detailed Description

In the following, with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, how to implement the working principle and process of the "power saving contactor" that can save power, operate and operate quickly after a permanent magnet and a control circuit are added will be described, and the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described.

Referring to fig. 1-3, the present invention provides a technical solution:

as shown in FIG. 1, the power saving contactor comprises a rectifier bridge ZQ, wherein the alternating current input end of the rectifier bridge ZQ is connected with one end of an inductor L1 and one end of a piezoresistor RV, the other alternating current input end of the rectifier bridge ZQ is connected with the other end of the RV, the anode of the output end of the ZQ is connected with the anode of a diode D1, the anode of a capacitor C2, one end of R1 and one end of R5, the cathode of the output end of the ZQ is grounded, the cathode of D1 is connected with the anode of C1, one end of R3, one end of R2, one end of R4, the drain of a field effect tube VF3, the drain of VF4 and the cathode of D3, the cathode of a capacitor C1 is grounded, the cathode of C2 is grounded, the 1 pin of an optical voltage coupling circuit IC2 is connected with the other end of R4, the 2 pin is connected with the drain of VF2, the 3 pin is connected with the other end of R3, the 4 pin is connected with the anode of a thyristor 2, the 5 pin is connected with the gate of VF4, the source of a 6 pin, An anode of an electromagnetic coil starting end A, SCR1, a grid of a VF2 is connected with a pin 3 of a time base circuit IC1, a grid of a VF1 and a source of the VF2 to be grounded, a cathode of a voltage regulator DW1 is connected with the other end of an R1 and one end of a C3, an anode of a DW1 is connected with the other end of a C3, a cathode of a D2 and a base of a transistor T, an anode of a D2 is grounded, a collector of the T is connected with the other end of an R2, a control electrode of an SCR2 and a control electrode of an SCR1, an emitter of the T is grounded, a cathode of an SCR2 is grounded, a pin 1 of an IC1 is grounded, a pin 2 is connected with a pin 6, one end of an R6, one end of a C5, a pin 4, a cathode of a DW2, a cathode of the R6 and the other end of the R5;

As shown in fig. 2, wherein, the power saving contactor further comprises a housing 1, a static iron core 2 and a movable iron core 3 which are positioned inside the housing 1, the static iron core 2 is positioned below the movable iron core 3, a reset spring 4 is arranged between the static iron core 2 and the movable iron core 3, a permanent magnet 5 is embedded in the center of the outer surface of the lower end of the movable iron core 3, a connecting rod 6 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the movable iron core 3, moving contacts 7 are fixedly connected to the two ends of the connecting rod 6, a static contact 8 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the upper end of the housing 1 corresponding to the moving contacts 7, an annular groove 9 is formed in the upper end of the static iron core 2, and a coil 10 which is.

As shown in fig. 2, the permanent magnet 5 is shaped like a flat cylinder, a notch is formed at a contact position of the housing 1 and the connecting rod 6, and the connecting rod 6 is movably connected with the housing 1 through the notch.

As shown in FIG. 2, the permanent magnet 5 is a neodymium iron boron permanent magnet of L-38EHT type, and has a thickness of 5mm and a diameter of 28mm, and a hole for a screw of 4mm to pass through is formed in the center.

As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 3, a 300V and 280V power circuit is composed of a rectifier bridge ZQ, a diode D1, a capacitor C1 and a capacitor C2, a switching circuit is composed of a VF1, a VF3, an SCR1 and a VF4, and a power supply trigger pulse generating circuit is composed of a time-base circuit IC1, a resistor R6 and a capacitor C5.

As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 3, the BE junctions of R1, DW1, C3, D2, and T form a power supply short circuit prevention circuit, and VF2, SCR2, IC2, R3, and R4 form an isolation coupling circuit.

As shown in fig. 1, the time base circuit 7555 is used as the time base circuit IC1, and the PVI1050N is used as the model of the photocoupler IC 2.

As shown in fig. 1-3, the coil 10 has a wire diameter of 0.18mm, 3700 turns, and a dc resistance of 310 ohms.

As shown in fig. 1 and 3, parameters of electrical components in the power-saving contactor circuit can be determined by calculation and adjustment according to the model, parameters and the like of the contactor.

In summary, in order to make the use of the conventional electromagnetic contactor as much as possible, the power saving contactor uses two buttons (a normally open button, generally green) to control the on/off of the contactor, most of the buttons are connected in parallel with a normally open auxiliary contact of the contactor when in use, another normally closed button is used, generally red, the two buttons are connected in series and then connected in series to an input power line to control the on/off of a main loop of the contactor, power is supplied to or interrupted from a load, when the power is supplied to the load, a control circuit outputs a rectangular pulse (strictly speaking, a trapezoidal pulse) with the width about tens of milliseconds during the pull-in process of the contactor, a movable iron core 3 and a permanent magnet 5 are pulled in by a static iron core 2 together to drive a movable contact 7 and a static contact 8 to be closed, the power is supplied to the load, a reset spring 4 is compressed during the pull-in process, when the movable contact 7 and the static contact 8 are, the rectangular pulse disappears, and at the moment, the movable iron core 3 is adsorbed on the static iron core 2 through the magnetism of the permanent magnet 5; when the load is to be powered off, a 'red button' control circuit is pressed to output a section of short-lasting attenuation voltage signal to enable a coil 10 to generate a current in a direction opposite to the direction during attraction, the movable iron core 3 and the static iron core 2 repel each other, the movable iron core 3 is quickly reset under the action of the elastic potential energy of the reset spring 4 to drive the movable contact 7 and the static contact 8 to be disconnected, the power supply to the load is stopped, the whole contactor is in a complete power-off state, the control circuit is operated through an external control switch, the power-saving contactor is high in power-saving efficiency, the attraction and release speeds of the movable iron core 3 and the static iron core 2 are high, the service life of a contact is long, the attraction force after attraction does not change along with the change of the power supply voltage, the production and personal accidents caused by the interphase short circuit caused by the electric arc during the power-off can be reduced and avoided, the under-voltage protection function, the contactor is automatically powered off and reset, the power supply to the load is stopped, the power saving contactor is in a pull-in working state of the movable iron core 3 and the static iron core 2, no current noise exists, and the use is convenient, wherein the control circuit mainly comprises a power supply circuit, a power supply trigger pulse generating circuit, a switch conversion circuit, an isolation coupling circuit and five parts of a power short circuit prevention circuit, under-voltage protection and a power failure trigger pulse generating circuit, a power supply circuit of 300V and 280V is formed by a rectifier bridge ZQ, a diode D1, a capacitor C1 and a C2, a voltage supply protection circuit of 280V, a direct current voltage of 6V is generated by R5 and DW2 clipping and is supplied to a circuit of an IC1 for use, a switch conversion circuit is formed by VF1, VF3, SCR1 and VF4, a time base circuit IC1, a resistor R6 and a capacitor C5, a time base circuit IC1, a resistor R6 and a capacitor C5 are connected into a single steady-state working mode, r6, C5 are timing elements, each time the power is switched on, a rectangular pulse lasting 50 milliseconds is output at the output terminal 3 pin of IC1 to trigger the switch in the switch conversion circuit (directly trigger VF1 or finally trigger VF3 through a circuit composed of VF2, IC2 and other elements), the parameters of R6 and C5 are adjusted, namely the time constant RC of the circuit is changed, the width (duration) of the output rectangular pulse is adjusted, a power short circuit preventing circuit is composed of BE junctions of R1, DW1, C3, D2 and T, when the AC power is switched on, the DC voltage of 280V is added to two ends of a branch composed of BE junctions of R1, DW1, C3 and T, because the voltage at two ends of C3 can not change suddenly, the C3 is approximately short-circuited according to the parameters of the selected elements at the moment when the voltage is very low (and the final V280) and can BE regarded as only R1 acts immediately, and the current limiting time after T is switched on continuously, the T saturation conducting degree of C3 charged by a power supply is reduced, and then the T saturation conducting state tends to enter an amplification area, because the voltage of 280V rises very quickly, the circuit rises from power-up to 280V, and the T saturation conducting state T can be always in saturation conducting state without considering the action of C3, so that no power-off trigger pulse and no power-off trigger pulse are simultaneously added to a switch conversion circuit within tens of milliseconds of the power supply trigger pulse which is just powered up, thereby avoiding short circuit of 300V direct current voltage, the upper branch circuit is added with R2 and T to form an undervoltage protection circuit, namely a power-off trigger pulse generating circuit, when the parameter (stable voltage) of DW1 is selected to enable the alternating current supply voltage to meet the requirement, the T is always in saturation conducting state, the collector C output is 0 (no power-off trigger pulse is output), and when the grid voltage changes to be lower than the required value, WD1 is cut off, the T is enabled to enter an amplification state and even be cut off, the T is not required to wait until the T is completely cut off, when the power supply voltage is reduced to enable the collector voltage of the T to be large enough to trigger the SCR1 and the SCR2 to be switched on, the 300V direct current voltage is enabled to supply current with the electromagnetic coil in the opposite direction when the electromagnetic coil is attracted through the VF4 and the SCR1, the contactor releases reset, the main loop is disconnected, the power grid voltage is in a required normal voltage range, the control circuit is manually powered off, the voltage (namely the 280V direct current) at the two ends of the capacitor C2 drops sharply due to small capacitance (1u), the T is caused to be switched off from conduction jump to cut off immediately, the power-off trigger pulse contactor is output to the following circuit to immediately reset and disconnect the main loop, an isolation coupling circuit is formed by the VF2, the SCR2, the IC2, the R3 and the R4, the IC2 is an optical voltage isolation type photoelectric coupler, and: if the contactor is switched on and the main contact works in a state of supplying power to a load, and if the contactor is required to be recovered to a power-off state, only a (red button) is pressed, the electromagnetic coil is required to have a current in a direction opposite to that when the (green button) is pressed, so that a permanent magnet and a static iron core generate repulsive force, and the contactor is reset to be in a main contact off state, an isolation coupling circuit is designed for generating a current in a direction opposite to that when the (red button) is pressed in the electromagnetic coil, if no measure is taken in a control circuit, the control circuit is powered, a power supply trigger pulse circuit and a power-off trigger pulse circuit can both output trigger signals to cause abnormal operation of four electronic switches in a switch conversion circuit, such as conduction of VF1 and VF4, a VF1 and VF4 short-circuit which is conducted by 300V direct current voltage is burnt out, and the isolation coupling circuit is used for conducting the four electronic switches in the switch conversion circuit in a pair when the control circuit is powered on, but not otherwise. The power supply short circuit preventing circuit is characterized in that a capacitor C3 is connected in parallel with two ends of a DW1, when a control circuit is powered on, the voltage at two ends of a capacitor C3 cannot change suddenly and can only gradually rise from 0 along with time, because the capacitance of the capacitor C1 is much larger than that of the capacitor C2, the voltage at two ends of a capacitor C2 rises quickly after the control circuit is powered on, the voltage at two ends of a capacitor C1 rises much slowly, when the voltage at two ends of the capacitor C1 rises to T output power-off trigger pulses, the voltage at two ends of the capacitor C2 rises much earlier, an IC1 enters normal operation early, the trigger pulses output by a pin 3 and used for supplying power to a load are passed earlier, and the voltage at the pin 3 is changed into 0 early, namely, after the control circuit is powered on, the circuit generates power-on trigger pulses (namely, the power-off trigger pulses are used for providing power-on trigger pulses, and the power-off.

Claims

1. An electricity-saving contactor is characterized in that: the rectifier comprises a rectifier bridge ZQ, the alternating current input end of the rectifier bridge ZQ is connected with one end of an inductor L1 and one end of a piezoresistor RV, the other alternating current input end of the rectifier bridge ZQ is connected with the other end of the RV, the anode of the output end of the ZQ is connected with the anode of a diode D1, the anode of a capacitor C2, one end of R1 and one end of R5, the cathode of the output end of the ZQ is grounded, the cathode of D1 is connected with the anode of C1, one end of R3, one end of R2, one end of R4, the drain of a field effect tube VF3, the drain of VF4, the cathode of D3, the cathode of the capacitor C1 is grounded, the cathode of C2 is grounded, the 1 pin of an optical voltage coupling circuit IC2 is connected with the other end of R4, the 2 pin is connected with the drain of VF2, the 3 pin is connected with the other end of R3, the anode of a 4 pin of a controllable silicon SCR2, the 5 pin is connected with the gate of VF4, the source of a VF4, the source of a lead 36, An anode of the SCR1, a grid of the VF2 is connected with a pin 3 of the time-base circuit IC1, a grid of the VF1 and a source of the VF2 to be grounded, a cathode of a voltage stabilizing tube DW1 is connected with the other end of the R1 and one end of the C3, an anode of the DW1 is connected with the other end of the C3, a cathode of the D2, a base of the transistor T, an anode of the D2 is grounded, a collector of the T is connected with the other end of the R2, a control electrode of the SCR2 and a control electrode of the SCR1, an emitter of the T is grounded, a cathode of the SCR2 is grounded, a pin 1 of the IC1 is grounded, a pin 2 is connected with a pin 6, one end of the R6, one end of the C5, a pin 4 is connected with a pin 8, a DW cathode of the DW2, the other end of the R36;

Wherein, this power saving contactor still includes shell (1), be located inside quiet iron core (2) of shell (1) and move iron core (3), quiet iron core (2) are located the below of moving iron core (3), and quiet iron core (2) and move and be provided with reset spring (4) between iron core (3), the lower extreme surface center department of moving iron core (3) inlays and has permanent magnet (5), and move upper end fixedly connected with connecting rod (6) of iron core (3), the equal fixedly connected with moving contact (7) in both ends of connecting rod (6), and the upper end surface of shell (1) corresponds position fixedly connected with static contact (8) of moving contact (7), ring channel (9) have been seted up to the upper end of quiet iron core (2), and coil (10) that are located under permanent magnet (5) have been cup jointed to the inside of ring channel (9).

2. A power saving contactor as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the permanent magnet (5) is in the shape of a flat cylinder, a notch is formed in the contact position of the shell (1) and the connecting rod (6), and the connecting rod (6) is movably connected with the shell (1) through the notch.

3. A power saving contactor as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the permanent magnet (5) adopts a neodymium iron boron permanent magnet with the model of L-38EHT, the specification of the permanent magnet is 5mm in thickness and 28mm in diameter, and a hole through which a screw with the diameter of 4mm can pass is formed in the center of the permanent magnet.

4. A power saving contactor as claimed in claim 1, wherein: A300V and 280V power supply circuit is formed by a rectifier bridge ZQ, a diode D1, a capacitor C1 and a capacitor C2, a switch conversion circuit is formed by VF1, VF3, an SCR1 and VF4, and a power supply trigger pulse generating circuit is formed by a time base circuit IC1, a resistor R6 and a capacitor C5.

5. A power saving contactor as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the BE junctions of R1, DW1, C3, D2 and T form a power supply short circuit prevention circuit, and the VF2, SCR2, IC2, R3 and R4 form an isolation coupling circuit.

6. A power saving contactor as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the time base circuit IC1 is selected from the time base circuit 7555, and the model of the photoelectric coupler IC2 is selected from the PVI 1050N.

7. A power saving contactor as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the coil (10) is selected from the specification of wire diameter 0.18mm, 3700 turns and direct current resistance 310 ohm.

8. A power saving contactor as claimed in claim 1, wherein: parameters of electric elements in the circuit of the power-saving contactor can be determined by debugging and calculation according to the model of a specific contactor, the rated voltage of a coil, the rated current of a main loop and the like.