CN111862924B - Audio frequency adjusting method for active noise reduction and related audio frequency adjusting device - Google Patents

Audio frequency adjusting method for active noise reduction and related audio frequency adjusting device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111862924B
CN111862924B CN201910339768.4A CN201910339768A CN111862924B CN 111862924 B CN111862924 B CN 111862924B CN 201910339768 A CN201910339768 A CN 201910339768A CN 111862924 B CN111862924 B CN 111862924B
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frequency
filter coefficients
sound
audio
groups
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CN111862924A (en
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卓俊铭
何维鸿
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Realtek Semiconductor Corp
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Realtek Semiconductor Corp
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
    • G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
    • G10K11/1785—Methods, e.g. algorithms; Devices
    • G10K11/17853—Methods, e.g. algorithms; Devices of the filter
    • G10K11/17854—Methods, e.g. algorithms; Devices of the filter the filter being an adaptive filter
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
    • G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
    • G10K11/1781—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase characterised by the analysis of input or output signals, e.g. frequency range, modes, transfer functions
    • G10K11/17821—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase characterised by the analysis of input or output signals, e.g. frequency range, modes, transfer functions characterised by the analysis of the input signals only
    • G10K11/17823—Reference signals, e.g. ambient acoustic environment
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
    • G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
    • G10K11/1787—General system configurations
    • G10K11/17873—General system configurations using a reference signal without an error signal, e.g. pure feedforward
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/10—Earpieces; Attachments therefor ; Earphones; Monophonic headphones
    • H04R1/1083—Reduction of ambient noise
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • G10K2210/10—Applications
    • G10K2210/108—Communication systems, e.g. where useful sound is kept and noise is cancelled
    • G10K2210/1081—Earphones, e.g. for telephones, ear protectors or headsets
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • G10K2210/30—Means
    • G10K2210/301—Computational
    • G10K2210/3028—Filtering, e.g. Kalman filters or special analogue or digital filters
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • G10K2210/50—Miscellaneous
    • G10K2210/504—Calibration

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Soundproofing, Sound Blocking, And Sound Damping (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides an audio frequency adjusting method for active noise reduction and a related audio frequency adjusting device, wherein the audio frequency adjusting method comprises the following steps: playing the single-frequency sound with the frequency f k; receiving the single-frequency sound and filtering the single-frequency sound to generate M groups of filter coefficients, wherein each group of filter coefficients in the M groups of filter coefficients comprises a combination of amplitude and phase, and the M groups of filter coefficients are different from each other; determining an mth group of filter coefficients from the M groups of filter coefficients so that the energy of the corresponding frequency f k is minimum; and adjusting the single-frequency sound by the m-th group of filter coefficients to obtain an adjusted single-frequency sound with the corresponding frequency f k.

Description

Audio frequency adjusting method for active noise reduction and related audio frequency adjusting device
Technical Field
The present invention relates to an audio tuning method and related apparatus, and more particularly, to a method and related apparatus for improving noise reduction of an active noise reduction (Active noise cancellation, ANC) earphone.
Background
The noise reduction function is an extremely important element when using headphones to listen to music, wherein passive noise reduction is to slightly reduce the volume of sound that is ultimately transmitted to the human ear by the material or construction of the headphones themselves, but not significantly improved for certain types of sounds (e.g., less pleasing sounds or sounds of a particular frequency). Compared with passive noise reduction, the active noise reduction effect is significantly more remarkable than the passive noise reduction effect, and therefore more and more earphone products adopt the active noise reduction technology.
However, in the development of active noise reduction headphones, the primary problem is to precisely calibrate the noise reduction degree, which needs to consider the response of the material such as the headphone structure, the component, the earplug/the earmuff to the environmental noise, and these responses are also often called as the main path response (PRIMARY PATH response), and the processing manner in the prior art considers the influence of all the above factors, and the required various operations and measurements are also inevitably implemented by expensive precise instruments (such as an audio analyzer).
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the high cost of the precision instruments, the invention provides a scheme with low cost and high noise reduction effect, which can solve the problems faced by the prior art under the condition of no side effect or only low side effect.
An embodiment of the present invention provides an audio tuning method for active noise reduction, including: playing the single-frequency sound with the frequency f k; receiving the single-frequency sound and filtering the single-frequency sound to generate M groups of filter coefficients (FILTERING COEFFICIENTS), wherein each group of filter coefficients in the M groups of filter coefficients comprises a combination of amplitude and phase, and the M groups of filter coefficients are different values from each other; determining an mth group of filter coefficients from the M groups of filter coefficients so that the energy of the corresponding frequency f k is minimum; and adjusting the single-frequency sound by the m-th group of filter coefficients to obtain an adjusted single-frequency sound with the corresponding frequency f k.
An embodiment of the invention provides an audio tuning device for active noise reduction, which comprises an external sound source, an earphone, a dummy head device and an audio tuning circuit. The external sound source is used for playing single-frequency sound with frequency f k; the artificial head device comprises an audio source receiver for receiving the single-frequency sound, wherein the earphone is arranged on the artificial head device; the audio frequency adjusting circuit is coupled with the manual head device and is used for carrying out the following operations: receiving the single-frequency sound and filtering the single-frequency sound to generate M groups of filter coefficients, wherein each group of filter coefficients in the M groups of filter coefficients comprises a combination of amplitude and phase, and the M groups of filter coefficients are different from each other; determining an mth group of filter coefficients from the M groups of filter coefficients so that the energy of the corresponding frequency f k is minimum; and adjusting the single-frequency sound by the m-th group of filter coefficients to obtain an adjusted single-frequency sound with the corresponding frequency f k for playing by the earphone.
In summary, the audio frequency adjusting method and the related audio frequency adjusting device of the present invention can improve the noise reduction effect of the active noise reduction earphone in a manner of high fault tolerance and low cost.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an audio tuning apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a flow chart of a method of testing headphones according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
Certain terms are used throughout the description and following claims to refer to particular components. It will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that a hardware manufacturer may refer to the same element by different names. The scope of the present specification and the claims to follow is not limited to the differences in names, but rather differences in functions of the components. Throughout the specification and the claims which follow, the word "comprise" is used in an open-ended fashion, and thus should be interpreted to mean "include, but not limited to. In addition, the term "coupled" is used herein to include any direct or indirect electrical connection. Thus, if a first device couples to a second device, that connection may be through a direct electrical connection, or through an indirect electrical connection via other devices and connections.
The invention provides an active noise reduction circuit comprising a forward feedback (Feedforward) filter (filter), which is designed to make the sound played by a loudspeaker have as little noise from the surrounding as possible, and can obtain the best noise reduction effect by using a simple filter (such as an all-PASS FILTER (APF) and a plurality of groups of different frequencies through trial and error).
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an audio calibration apparatus 100 according to an embodiment of the invention, and as shown in fig. 1, the audio calibration apparatus 100 includes a headset 120 to be tested, a manual head device 190, an audio calibration circuit 130, and an external sound source 170. The headset 120 may be a wired or wireless headset (e.g., a Bluetooth headset) and includes earmuffs 120L, 120R (in the case of an ear canal headset, "earmuffs" are herein preferably understood as "earplugs"); the artificial head device 190 includes artificial ears 150L, 150R and an in-ear microphone 160; the audio tuning circuit 130 includes an active noise reduction (ANC) circuit 132, a measurement circuit 134, and a sound card 136. The sound card 136 is connected to the in-ear microphone 160 through the sound source line 140, the sound card 136 is connected to the sound source 170 through the sound source line 180, and the in-ear microphone 160 is used for receiving sound to simulate the situation that the actual human ear hears the sound. It should be noted that the artificial ears 150L, 150R are structures simulating human ear configurations, and are applicable to earmuff-style or in-ear (or in-ear) style headphones for tuning. The shape of the artificial head device 190 may be similar to a real head shape or simply a column, however, in the case of earmuff type headphones, the headphones should actually span an object with sound insulation effect when tested; if the in-ear (or canal) type earphone is tested, the above-mentioned real head or pillar is not necessarily required, and only a device capable of simulating two ear canals is required to replace the artificial head device 190. External audio source 170 may be physically operated with a typical horn, as opposed to the expensive equipment used in the prior art. In addition, it should be noted that the effects of the measurement circuit 134 and the sound card 136 can be achieved by a software tool (software tool), that is, the invention is not limited to the measurement circuit and the sound card, which are necessarily provided with hardware, and the same purpose can be achieved by executing a program by a computer.
In the present embodiment, the response of active noise reduction is measured when the user wears the earphone 120 in a state of being assembled, but the present invention is not limited thereto. The artificial head 190 (or artificial ear 150L, 150R) is required to be used based on the measured environment, the interior of which is picked up by the in-ear microphone 160. The above operations are preferably performed in a sound-deadening chamber (anechoic chamber) which may be further sound-insulated from the outside to ensure accuracy of measurement. The present invention is not limited to measuring only one of the artificial ears 150L, 150R at a time, and the present invention can also measure both at the same time. In addition, although the above examples include testing the left and right ears, the present invention may also be used to test the ear phones only on one side, and the method of the present invention may be applied to single ear phones.
The active noise reduction circuit 132 may be a digital circuit including a filtering function, and the external measurement circuit 134 may modify the filtering coefficient through a control interface, for example, a control interface conforming to a universal asynchronous receiver Transmitter (Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter, UART), an integrated circuit bus (Inter-INTEGRATED CIRCUIT, I2C), or a Bluetooth (BT) specification. The sound card 136 may be built-in or external, and may perform broadcasting and recording functions. The circuit 132 may be considered to include a filter that can change the filter coefficients, and the filtering effect may be different depending on the setting of different filter coefficients.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a flowchart of a method 200 for testing the headset 120 according to an embodiment of the invention. It should be noted that these steps do not have to be performed in the order of execution shown in fig. 2 if substantially the same results are available. The method shown in fig. 2 can be adopted by the audio tuning apparatus 100 shown in fig. 1, and can be briefly summarized as follows:
step 202: starting.
Step 204: for frequency f k, a single tone (single tone) is played.
Step 206: m sets of filter coefficients are generated for the frequency f k, where each set of filter coefficients H m k includes a combination of different amplitudes (volume magnitudes) and phases of the frequency f k, m=1 to M (the density of the generated H m k is high enough to not easily miss the preferred coefficients when the response is unknown), where this step can be done by the active noise reduction circuit 132.
Step 208: the energy of the corresponding frequency f k corresponding to these filter coefficients is calculated and buffered separately to compare and obtain the mth set of filter coefficients from these filter coefficients as the best coefficient that minimizes the energy P m＝E(|ck*rm|2 of the corresponding frequency f k), where r m is the sound signal received by the mth set of coefficients, c k is the band-PASS FILTER (BPF) parameter for f k, and E is the function symbol.
Step 210: checking whether all coefficients have been calculated (i.e., determining whether the current mth group of coefficients has been the last group of coefficients, i.e., mth group of coefficients), if so, proceeding to step 212; if not, go back to step 208.
Step 212: the mth set of filter coefficients is used as the adjustment parameters for the corresponding frequency f k, where the amplitude and phase corresponding to the mth set of filter coefficients represent the frequency response of f k.
Step 214: judging whether the next group of tests are required for other frequencies, if so, returning to the step 204; if not, the flow ends.
The frequency f k may range, for example, from 20Hz to 3kHz (the main range of active noise reduction), but the invention is not limited thereto. In step 208, the function symbol E may represent taking a desired value, that is, taking an average of the signal energy of the sound signal r m after the band-pass filtering (but the present invention is not limited thereto, and other methods may be used to take the average). In addition, the process shown in fig. 2 may be repeatedly executed to calculate the noise reduction coefficient corresponding to each frequency, so as to obtain the optimal noise reduction response of all the test frequencies, and determine the filter coefficient of the active noise reduction circuit after obtaining the optimal noise reduction response. The estimated frequency feed-forward optimal noise reduction response by the method can be used to generate a set of noise reduction filter coefficients. There are many ways to generate the filter coefficients, for example, the present invention may use the function invfreqz, fitfrd of MATLAB to generate the coefficients, and such coefficients may be applied to various chips (or directly implemented by Digital Signal Processing (DSP)) with the same function to achieve the noise reduction effect. In addition, the present invention is not limited to the manner in which the sets of coefficients are generated in step 206, and may be implemented by various algorithms, except that the coefficients should be different in magnitude and/or phase from each other, otherwise there is no substantial aid in solving if duplicate values are calculated.
The best coefficients described in the process step 208 may be understood as the most effective set of the multiple sets of filter coefficients tried for the frequency f k to be measured in the process, but since the set of coefficients is the best for the frequency f k, the amplitude and phase corresponding to the m-th set of filter coefficients need to be recorded as the frequency response of the frequency f k. The final active noise reduction coefficients to be used by the active noise reduction circuit 132 are a set of coefficients designed for all measured frequency responses to approximate the response of each frequency as closely as possible. For example, N specific filter coefficients capable of minimizing energy of the N frequencies can be obtained for the N frequencies other than the frequency f k, and a final active noise reduction coefficient is determined according to the N specific filter coefficients and the frequency response corresponding to the m-th set of filter coefficients, so as to perform overall audio tuning, and the final active noise reduction coefficient can be stored in a chip of the earphone.
In one embodiment, the present invention may be implemented in a laboratory (e.g., anechoic room), so after obtaining the coefficients of the headphones 120, the audio tuning circuit 130 need not be disposed in the headphones 120; in another embodiment, the audio tuning circuit 130 can be actually operated in the earphone 120 to perform personal tuning in cooperation with the operation of the user, so as to achieve more diversified applications.
How to design the filter coefficients to match the headphones of the home is a key to the headphone manufacturer. The prior art must consider the materials, circuit configuration, etc. of the various components of the earphone and the influence of the components and the circuits on each other after assembly, and once one of the parameters is missed, the ideal noise reduction effect cannot be obtained, and expensive and precise instruments are required to perform high-precision measurement. By means of the trial and error method, the ideal noise reduction effect can be achieved by a simple structure without expensive and precise instruments. Furthermore, the invention is superior to the prior art in that the sound actually heard by the human ear is simulated by a forward feedback mode, and the reverse noise is produced by the circuit, so that the reverse sound wave can cancel the original noise, in the process, the influence factors of the structure and the material of the earphone on the finally played sound are eliminated, and the prior art also needs to additionally calculate the parameters such as the structure, the material and the like of the earphone in addition to the noise of the computing environment, and has extremely high precision requirements on the parameters.
The foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the invention, and all changes and modifications that come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
[ Symbolic description ]
100. Audio frequency adjusting device
120. Earphone
190. Artificial head device
130. Audio frequency adjusting circuit
170. External sound source
120L, 120R earmuffs (earplug)
150L, 150R artificial ear
160. In-ear microphone
130. Audio frequency adjusting circuit
132. Active noise reduction circuit
134. Measuring circuit
136. Sound card
140. 180 Sound source line
170. Sound source
200. Method of
202-214 Steps.

Claims (8)

1. An audio tuning method for active noise reduction, comprising:
playing the single-frequency sound with the frequency f k;
Receiving the single-frequency sound and filtering the single-frequency sound to generate M groups of filter coefficients, wherein each group of filter coefficients in the M groups of filter coefficients comprises a combination of amplitude and phase, and the M groups of filter coefficients are different from each other;
Determining an mth group of filter coefficients from the M groups of filter coefficients so that the energy of the corresponding frequency f k is minimum; and
Adjusting the single-frequency sound by the m-th group of filter coefficients to obtain an adjusted single-frequency sound with a corresponding frequency f k;
For N frequencies other than the frequency f k, respectively obtaining N specific filter coefficients capable of minimizing the energy of the N frequencies; and
And determining a final active noise reduction coefficient according to the N specific filter coefficients and the frequency response corresponding to the m-th group of filter coefficients so as to perform overall audio adjustment.
2. The audio tuning method of claim 1, wherein the step of adjusting the single-frequency sound with the mth set of filter coefficients to obtain the adjusted single-frequency sound with the corresponding frequency f k comprises:
Using the amplitude and phase corresponding to the mth set of filter coefficients as the frequency response of frequency f k; and
The adjusted single frequency sound is determined based on the frequency response of frequency f k.
3. The audio tuning method of claim 1, wherein the energy corresponding to frequency f k is P m＝E(|ck*rm|2), wherein E is a function symbol, r m is a sound signal received by the m-th set of coefficients, and c k is a bandpass filtering parameter for f k.
4. The audio tuning method of claim 1, wherein the operating environment of the audio tuning method is a muffling environment.
5. An audio tuning device for active noise reduction, comprising:
an external sound source for playing single-frequency sound with frequency f k;
An earphone;
A artificial head device comprising an audio source receiver for receiving the single-frequency sound, wherein the earphone is arranged on the artificial head device; and
An audio frequency adjusting circuit coupled to the artificial head device for performing the following operations:
receiving the single-frequency sound, and filtering the single-frequency sound to generate M groups of filter coefficients, wherein each group of filter coefficients in the M groups of filter coefficients comprises a combination of amplitude and phase, and the M groups of filter coefficients are different values;
Determining an mth group of filter coefficients from the M groups of filter coefficients so that the energy of the corresponding frequency f k is minimum; and
The m-th group of filter coefficients are used for adjusting the single-frequency sound to obtain an adjusted single-frequency sound with the corresponding frequency f k for being played by the earphone;
For N frequencies other than the frequency f k, respectively obtaining N specific filter coefficients capable of minimizing the energy of the N frequencies; and
And determining a final active noise reduction coefficient according to the N specific filter coefficients and the frequency response corresponding to the m-th group of filter coefficients so as to perform overall audio adjustment.
6. The audio tuning device of claim 5, wherein the artificial head device comprises a human ear structure, and the sound source receiver is disposed in the human ear structure.
7. The audio tuning apparatus of claim 5, wherein the operation of the audio tuning circuit further comprises: using the amplitude and phase corresponding to the m-th set of filter coefficients as the frequency response of frequency f k; and
The adjusted single frequency sound is determined based on the frequency response of frequency f k.
8. The audio tuning apparatus of claim 5, wherein the energy corresponding to frequency f k is P m＝E(|ck*rm|2, wherein E is a function symbol, r m is a sound signal received by the m-th set of coefficients, and c k is a bandpass filter parameter for f k.
CN201910339768.4A 2019-04-25 2019-04-25 Audio frequency adjusting method for active noise reduction and related audio frequency adjusting device Active CN111862924B (en)

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TWI611704B (en) * 2016-07-15 2018-01-11 驊訊電子企業股份有限公司 Method, system for self-tuning active noise cancellation and headset apparatus
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