CN111860734B - 篡改检测装置 - Google Patents

篡改检测装置 Download PDF

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CN111860734B
CN111860734B CN202010361615.2A CN202010361615A CN111860734B CN 111860734 B CN111860734 B CN 111860734B CN 202010361615 A CN202010361615 A CN 202010361615A CN 111860734 B CN111860734 B CN 111860734B
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led
circuit
tamper
chip
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CN111860734A (zh
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C.恩丁格
T.库洛特
F.姆布姆-库姆
M.孔塔尔多
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EM Microelectronic Marin SA
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06KGRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K19/00Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
    • G06K19/06Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
    • G06K19/067Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
    • G06K19/07Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
    • G06K19/073Special arrangements for circuits, e.g. for protecting identification code in memory
    • G06K19/07309Means for preventing undesired reading or writing from or onto record carriers
    • G06K19/07372Means for preventing undesired reading or writing from or onto record carriers by detecting tampering with the circuit
    • GPHYSICS
    • G08SIGNALLING
    • G08BSIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B13/00Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
    • G08B13/22Electrical actuation
    • G08B13/24Electrical actuation by interference with electromagnetic field distribution
    • G08B13/2402Electronic Article Surveillance [EAS], i.e. systems using tags for detecting removal of a tagged item from a secure area, e.g. tags for detecting shoplifting
    • G08B13/2428Tag details
    • G08B13/2448Tag with at least dual detection means, e.g. combined inductive and ferromagnetic tags, dual frequencies within a single technology, tampering detection or signalling means on the tag
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    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06KGRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K19/00Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
    • G06K19/06Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
    • G06K19/067Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
    • G06K19/07Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
    • G06K19/077Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier
    • G06K19/07701Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier the record carrier comprising an interface suitable for human interaction
    • G06K19/07703Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier the record carrier comprising an interface suitable for human interaction the interface being visual
    • G06K19/07705Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier the record carrier comprising an interface suitable for human interaction the interface being visual the visual interface being a single light or small number of lights capable of being switched on or off, e.g. a series of LEDs
    • GPHYSICS
    • G08SIGNALLING
    • G08BSIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B13/00Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
    • G08B13/22Electrical actuation
    • G08B13/24Electrical actuation by interference with electromagnetic field distribution
    • G08B13/2402Electronic Article Surveillance [EAS], i.e. systems using tags for detecting removal of a tagged item from a secure area, e.g. tags for detecting shoplifting
    • G08B13/2428Tag details
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    • GPHYSICS
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    • G08B13/00Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
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    • G08B13/24Electrical actuation by interference with electromagnetic field distribution
    • G08B13/2402Electronic Article Surveillance [EAS], i.e. systems using tags for detecting removal of a tagged item from a secure area, e.g. tags for detecting shoplifting
    • G08B13/2465Aspects related to the EAS system, e.g. system components other than tags
    • G08B13/2468Antenna in system and the related signal processing
    • G08B13/2477Antenna or antenna activator circuit
    • GPHYSICS
    • G08SIGNALLING
    • G08BSIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
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    • HELECTRICITY
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    • H01Q1/06Means for the lighting or illuminating of antennas, e.g. for purpose of warning
    • GPHYSICS
    • G08SIGNALLING
    • G08BSIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B13/00Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
    • G08B13/22Electrical actuation
    • G08B13/24Electrical actuation by interference with electromagnetic field distribution
    • G08B13/2402Electronic Article Surveillance [EAS], i.e. systems using tags for detecting removal of a tagged item from a secure area, e.g. tags for detecting shoplifting
    • G08B13/2405Electronic Article Surveillance [EAS], i.e. systems using tags for detecting removal of a tagged item from a secure area, e.g. tags for detecting shoplifting characterised by the tag technology used
    • G08B13/2414Electronic Article Surveillance [EAS], i.e. systems using tags for detecting removal of a tagged item from a secure area, e.g. tags for detecting shoplifting characterised by the tag technology used using inductive tags
    • G08B13/2417Electronic Article Surveillance [EAS], i.e. systems using tags for detecting removal of a tagged item from a secure area, e.g. tags for detecting shoplifting characterised by the tag technology used using inductive tags having a radio frequency identification chip

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Abstract

本发明涉及篡改检测装置。根据本发明的装置包括集成电路芯片(2)、天线(3)和篡改回路(4),并且除此之外,该装置还包括发光二极管(LED)(20),LED(20)被配置成根据天线(3)接收到的信号而被激活,即被供应以电流。LED(20)以如下方式集成在该装置中:当LED(20)以上述方式被激活时,在篡改回路(4)处于预定义的状态——要么断开要么闭合——的条件下,LED(20)点亮以变得肉眼可见。LED(20)联接在集成电路芯片(2)的与篡改回路(4)相同的端子(8、9)之间。

Description

篡改检测装置
技术领域
本发明涉及电子应答器(transponder)装置,其是供与产品结合使用,并且旨在检测产品是否被篡改。
背景技术
上述类型的公知的篡改检测装置被实现为RFID(射频识别)应答器或“标签”。在文件US-A-2006/214789和EP-A-3340114中描述了这样的装置的示例。标签包括RFID集成电路芯片、天线和篡改回路(tamper loop)。集成电路芯片配备有用于从RFID读取器/发射器收发数据的射频电路、用于存储产品标识符以及通常还有篡改回路状态标识符的存储器、篡改检测电路、以及用于为集成电路的各个部件提供功率的功率电路。标签可以是从射频信号本身得到功率的无源标签,或者是设有诸如电池之类的功率源的有源标签。篡改回路是导电连接,其可以附接到产品,例如附接到容器(container)的入口(door),使得未经授权的篡改会导致该连接断路(broken)。由标签的篡改检测电路来检测该回路的闭合或断开状态,并且可以将与回路状态有关的标识符传输到RFID读取器。
图1中所示的现有技术装置被实现为RFID应答器,该RFID应答器包括集成电路芯片2(在下文中称为RFID芯片2)、天线3和篡改回路4。芯片2和天线3安装在载体5上,该载体5可以是印刷电路板。芯片2、天线3和回路4被示意性地示出并且未按比例绘制。篡改回路4电联接到两个导电线6和7,这两个导电线6和7固定或结合在载体5中。导线6和7分别连接到RFID芯片2的第一和第二端子8和9。天线3联接在芯片2的第三和第四端子10和11之间。并未详细地示出RFID芯片2的所有构造块。特别地,未示出RF电路和功率供应电路以及任何存储器和存储器访问电路,因为这些构造块在本领域中是众所周知的。篡改检测电路包括经由导线16联接到第一端子8的篡改控制和读出电路15,导线16本身经由第一电阻器R1和第一开关S1(优选地实现为CMOS晶体管)联接到由芯片的功率供应电路产生的供应电压Vsup。第二端子9经由导线17、第二电阻器R2和第二开关S2联接到参考电压Vref(优选地为接地)。同时闭合开关S1和S2将激活篡改检测。基于命令信号来操作开关S1和S2的断开或闭合,所述命令信号被传输到芯片2,并且由篡改控制和读出电路15通过导线18和19传递给所述开关。在开关S1和S2闭合的情况下,通过验证篡改回路4的状态来进行篡改检测。当篡改回路4闭合(未被篡改的状态)时,第一端子8与第二端子9之间的电压差较低。当回路断路(被篡改的状态)时,电压差较高。该电压差由篡改控制和读出电路15进行检测并转换为信号,该信号可以经由天线3传输到RFID读取器,从而传达篡改回路的“断开”或“闭合”状态。可以根据已知装置或其等同物来实现上述部件的任何细节。可以例如用电流源来取代电阻器R1和R2。
现有应答器的一个缺点在于,对多个标签的篡改回路状态的验证需要询问所述标签中的每一个标签,这可能是耗时且不切实际的。
发明内容
本发明旨在提供解决了现有装置的上述缺点的篡改检测装置。该目的是通过根据所附权利要求的装置实现的。根据本发明的装置包括与现有装置相同的部件,即集成电路芯片、天线和篡改回路,并且除此之外,所述装置还包括发光二极管(LED),所述LED被配置成根据所述天线接收到的信号而被激活,即被供应以电流。所述LED以如下方式集成在所述装置中:当所述LED以上述方式被激活时,在所述篡改回路处于预定义的状态——要么断开要么闭合——的条件下,所述LED点亮以变得肉眼可见。所述LED联接在所述集成电路芯片的与所述篡改回路相同的端子之间。
因此,本发明的检测装置允许对配备有该装置的一个或多个产品的篡改回路状态进行快速的视觉检查。
附图说明
图1图示了现有技术中已知的篡改检测装置。
图2图示了根据本发明的第一实施例的篡改检测装置。
图3图示了根据本发明的第二实施例的篡改检测装置。
具体实施方式
图2示出了根据本发明的第一实施例的RFID标签100。该装置包括所有上述部件,这些部件由上文结合图1所使用的相同的参考标号来表示。RFID标签100包括集成电路芯片2(在下文中称为RFID芯片2)、天线3和篡改回路4。芯片2和天线3安装在载体5上,该载体5可以是印刷电路板。芯片2、天线3和回路4被示意性地示出并且未按比例绘制。篡改回路4电联接到两个导电线6和7,这两个导电线6和7固定或结合在载体5中。导线6和7分别连接到RFID芯片2的第一和第二端子8和9。天线3联接在芯片2的第三和第四端子10和11之间。篡改检测电路包括经由导线16联接到第一端子8的篡改控制和读出电路15,导线16本身经由第一电阻器R1和第一开关S1(优选地实现为CMOS晶体管)联接到由芯片的功率供应电路产生的供应电压Vsup。第二端子9经由导线17、第二电阻器R2和第二开关S2联接到参考电压Vref(优选地为接地)。同时闭合开关S1和S2将激活篡改检测。基于命令信号来操作开关S1和S2的断开或闭合,所述命令信号被传输到芯片2,并且由篡改控制和读出电路15通过导线18和19传递给所述开关。在开关S1和S2闭合的情况下,通过验证篡改回路4的状态来进行篡改检测。而且,以与结合图1描述的相同的方式,RFID芯片包括未在附图中示出但是在本领域中众所周知的多个部件,诸如RF电路、功率供应电路、电子存储器和存储器访问电路。所有部件都可以根据已知装置或其等同物来实现。
除此之外,LED(发光二极管)20安装在载体5上。LED 20联接在第一端子8与第二端子9之间并且与篡改回路4并联。RFID芯片2包括用于根据从RFID发射器发送的命令信号来向LED 20供应电流的电路。该电路包括联接到芯片2的RF电路的LED控制电路21,以及第三和第四开关S3和S4。第三开关S3联接在供应电压Vsup和导线16之间,导线16也联接到篡改控制和读出电路15,即,第三开关S3与第一开关S1并联联接。第四开关S4联接在导线17和参考电压Vref之间,即,第四开关S4与第二开关S2并联联接。LED控制电路21被配置成根据由天线3接收并通过芯片2的RF电路传输的命令而通过导线22和23同时断开或闭合两个开关S3和S4。
当两个开关S3和S4都闭合时,并且当篡改回路4断路时,流过二极管20的电流足以点亮该二极管,使其变得肉眼可见。然而,当篡改回路4闭合时,回路4会旁路掉(bypass)LED20,使得即使开关S3和S4闭合,LED也不能点亮。当多个产品配备有根据图2的装置时,所有这些装置中的开关S3和S4的闭合将导致LED 20在已被篡改的所有产品上变得可见。这样可以快速地在视觉上验证被篡改的产品。
当开关S3和S4断开时,即LED 20被去激活时,篡改检测以与上文结合图1所示的装置相同的方式进行。在这种情况下,当篡改回路4闭合时,电流流过回路4而不流过LED 20,因此低篡改电压指示回路闭合。当回路4断路时,流过LED 20的电流足够低,使得LED 20的电压较高。
图3示出了根据本发明的RFID标签100的第二实施例。在这种情况下,二极管20与篡改回路4串联联接。该装置以与图2的装置相同的方式操作,区别在于:在篡改回路4闭合的条件下通过闭合开关S3和S4激活LED 20来导致点亮LED。换言之,该装置允许可视地指示所有未被篡改的产品。
在图2和图3所示的这两个实施例中,LED 20联接到与篡改回路4所连接的相同端子8和9。因此,本发明不需要芯片4上的附加端子。
尽管已在附图和前面的描述中详细地图示和描述了本发明,但是这样的图示和描述应被认为是说明性或示例性的而不是限制性的。通过研究附图、公开内容和所附权利要求,本领域技术人员在实践所要求保护的发明时可以理解和实现所公开的实施例的其他变型。在权利要求中,词语“包括”不排除其他元件或步骤,并且不定冠词“一”或“一个”不排除多个。在互不相同的从属权利要求中记载某些措施的事实并不表示不能有利地使用这些措施的组合。权利要求中的任何附图标记都不应被解释为限制范围。

Claims (8)

1.一种篡改检测装置(100),其包括集成电路IC芯片(2),IC芯片(2)包括至少四个端子,装置(100)还包括天线(3)和可处于断开或闭合状态的篡改回路(4),其中,篡改回路(4)联接在IC芯片(2)的第一和第二端子(8、9)之间,并且天线(3)联接在IC芯片(2)的第三和第四端子(10、11)之间,并且其中,IC芯片(2)包括功率供应电路、用于通过天线(3)收发信号的无线通信电路以及用于检测篡改回路(4)的状态的篡改检测电路,
其特征在于:
- 装置(100)还包括发光二极管LED(20),LED(20)也联接在第一和第二端子(8、9)之间,以及
- IC芯片(2)包括用于遵循天线(3)接收到的命令信号来激活或去激活向LED(20)的电流供应的电路,
- 装置(100)被配置成使得:
o 当篡改回路(4)处于预定义的状态时,传输到装置(100)的、有效激活向LED(20)的电流供应的信号使得点亮LED(20);
o 当篡改回路(4)处于与预定义的状态相反的状态时,所述信号无法点亮LED(20)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的装置,其中,LED(20)与篡改回路(4)并联联接,使得当篡改回路(4)断开时,所述信号使得点亮LED(20)。
3.根据权利要求1所述的装置,其中,LED(20)与篡改回路(4)串联联接,使得当篡改回路(4)闭合时,所述信号使得点亮LED(20)。
4.根据前述权利要求中的任一项所述的装置,其中:
- 篡改检测电路包括篡改控制和读出电路(15)以及第一和第二开关(S1、S2),并且其中:
o 篡改控制和读出电路(15)经由第一导线(16)连接到第一端子(8),
o 第一开关(S1)联接在由功率供应电路产生的供应电压(Vsup)和第一导线(16)之间,
o 第二开关(S2)联接在第二端子(9)和参考电压(Vref)之间,所述供应电压(Vsup)是相对于所述参考电压(Vref)产生的,
o 篡改控制和读出电路(15)被配置成能够同时断开或闭合第一和第二开关(S1、S2),并在两个开关均闭合时读取篡改回路(4)的状态,
- 用于激活或去激活向LED(20)的电流供应的电路包括LED控制电路(21)、第三开关(S3)和第四开关(S4),其中,
o 第三开关(S3)与第一开关(S1)并联联接,
o 第四开关(S4)与第二开关(S2)并联联接,
o LED控制电路(21)被配置成能够同时断开或闭合第三和第四开关(S3、S4)。
5.根据权利要求4所述的装置,其中,第一和第二电阻器(R1、R2)分别与第一和第二开关(S1、S2)串联联接。
6.根据权利要求1至3中的任一项所述的装置,其中,IC芯片(2)是射频识别(RFID)芯片。
7.根据权利要求1至3中的任一项所述的装置,其中,装置(100)包括载体(5),并且其中,IC芯片(2)、天线(3)和LED(20)安装在载体(5)上。
8.根据权利要求7所述的装置,其中,载体(5)是印刷电路板。
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