CN111855588A - Spectrum analysis method and device based on group delay spectrum - Google Patents
Spectrum analysis method and device based on group delay spectrum Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a spectral analysis method based on group delay spectrum, which analyzes an object to be detected according to the spectral information of the object to be detected; the spectral information includes a group delay profile. The invention also discloses a spectral analysis device based on the group delay spectrum. The invention provides a direct method for analyzing the overlapped spectrum for the first time, and fills the blank of directly analyzing the overlapped spectrum in the field of spectrum analysis; according to the invention, disturbance or nonlinearity is not required to be introduced from the outside, multiple measurement and massive calculation are not required to be carried out on the object to be measured, the frequency or wavelength of the overlapped characteristic spectral line can be directly obtained by one-time measurement, the measurement efficiency and accuracy are greatly improved, and the object to be measured can be measured in real time; in addition, in the group delay spectrum, a weak absorption peak cannot be submerged by a strong absorption peak, and the characteristic can be used for detecting trace elements; similar to the widely used magnitude and phase spectra, the group delay spectra can be extracted from any sample measurable by existing spectroscopic methods and applied to existing spectroscopic analysis techniques.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a spectral analysis method, in particular to a spectral analysis method capable of directly analyzing overlapped spectra, and belongs to the technical field of optical measurement.
Background
Spectral analysis has been widely used in the fields of physics, chemistry, biology, archaeology, astronomy, and the like over the last half century. Different species of atoms have characteristic lines of different wavelengths that can be used to identify the chemical composition and physical structure of a substance. However, under the influence of various factors, the characteristic spectral line may be broadened. Adjacent characteristic spectral lines, after being broadened, tend to join into a wider spectral line, resulting in overlapping spectra. Overlapping spectra are difficult to distinguish directly, which brings great difficulty to the identification of substances. Especially complex molecules and molecular mixtures, often have a large number of adjacent characteristic lines, and the problem of overlapping spectra is even more serious, and even ribbon spectra can form. Therefore, resolving overlapping spectra is a significant fundamental problem in spectroscopic analysis techniques.
In the existing spectral analysis technology, analysis means based on a magnitude spectrum and a phase spectrum are widely used. However, neither of these two types of spectral information has the ability to resolve overlapping spectra. In order to analyze the overlapped spectrum, indirect methods such as a multi-dimensional coherent spectrum analysis technique and data analysis have been proposed, and a method of directly analyzing the overlapped spectrum is still blank. Multidimensional coherent spectroscopy techniques [ Lomsadze, B., Curdiff, S. T., Frequency comb enabled rapid and resolution multidimensional coherent Science 357, 1389-. Wherein, the introduced disturbance or nonlinearity needs to be adjusted for many times, and the measurement needs to be repeated after each adjustment, and the whole process needs a large amount of measurement and long acquisition time. Thus, such indirect methods cannot be used for real-time measurements. On the other hand, data analysis methods can help identify overlapping absorption lines, but introduce severe and difficult to estimate errors in measuring unknown analytes. Researchers have attempted to resolve mixed analytes by partially overlapping spectra, but distinct results have been obtained using different databases as initial data [ kappa. tanov, V. A., Osipov, K. Y., Protasevich, A. E., & Ponomarev, Y.N. colloidal parameters of N2 Broadenedmethane lines in the R9 multiple of the 2 v 3 base. multispectum matching lines J. Quant. Spectroscs. radiation. Transfer 113, 1985-. This means that the data analysis method has a large error and uncertainty compared to the actual measurement.
Therefore, there is a high necessity for a spectral analysis method capable of directly analyzing the overlapped spectrum, so as to improve the efficiency and accuracy of analyzing the overlapped spectrum.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects that the overlapped spectrum cannot be analyzed by a magnitude spectrum and a phase spectrum, and the real-time measurement cannot be realized by an indirect overlapped spectrum analyzing method, and provides a group delay spectrum-based spectrum analyzing method which can be used for directly analyzing the overlapped spectrum efficiently and accurately.
The invention specifically adopts the following technical scheme to solve the technical problems:
a spectral analysis method based on group delay spectrum analyzes the object to be measured according to the spectral information of the object to be measured; the spectral information includes a group delay profile.
Further, the spectral information further comprises a magnitude spectrum and/or a phase spectrum.
Preferably, the group delay profile is derived from a phase profile as a derivative of frequency.
Based on the same inventive concept, the following technical scheme can be obtained:
a spectral analysis device based on group delay spectrum analyzes the object to be detected according to the spectral information of the object to be detected; the spectral information includes a group delay profile.
Further, the spectral information further comprises a magnitude spectrum and/or a phase spectrum.
Preferably, the group delay profile is derived from a phase profile as a derivative of frequency.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides a direct method for analyzing the overlapped spectrum for the first time, and fills the blank of directly analyzing the overlapped spectrum in the field of spectrum analysis. The invention can directly obtain the frequency or wavelength of the overlapped characteristic spectral line by one-time measurement without introducing disturbance or nonlinearity from the outside or carrying out multiple measurements and large amount of calculation on the object to be measured, thereby greatly improving the measurement efficiency and accuracy and carrying out real-time measurement on the object to be measured. In addition, in the group delay spectrum, the weak absorption peak is not submerged by the strong absorption peak. This property can be used to detect trace elements. Similar to the magnitude and phase spectra widely used in spectral analysis, the group delay spectrum can be extracted from any sample measurable by existing spectroscopic methods and applied in existing spectroscopic analysis techniques.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a typical spectral analysis apparatus;
FIG. 2(a) is H13C14N and C2H2Amplitude, phase and group delay spectra around 1532.8 nm; when the two characteristic spectral lines are not too close to each other, the two characteristic spectral lines can be distinguished in the amplitude, the phase and the group delay spectrum;
FIG. 2(b) is H13C14N and C2H2Amplitude, phase and group delay spectra around 1536.7 nm; when the two characteristic spectral lines are very close to each other, the two characteristic spectral lines in the amplitude spectrum and the phase spectrum are overlapped and cannot be directly distinguished, and the two characteristic spectral lines are in a discrete state in the group delay spectrum and can directly distinguish the wavelengths of the two characteristic spectral lines;
FIG. 2(c) is H13C14N amplitude, phase and group delay profile around 1564.4 nm;
FIG. 3 is a graph of H vs. temperature13C14N and real-time measurement of Fiber Bragg Gratings (FBGs); the wavelength of the FBG resonance peak changes along with the change of temperature; at different temperatures, H13C14The degree of overlap of the overlapping spectra of N and FBG is different.
Detailed Description
The amplitude spectrum and/or the phase spectrum adopted in the existing spectrum analysis technology have no capability of analyzing the overlapped spectrum, and the indirect analysis methods such as the multi-dimensional coherent spectrum analysis and the like generally have the problems of poor analysis precision and poor real-time performance. Therefore, the invention provides a spectral analysis method based on group delay spectrum, which analyzes the object to be detected according to the spectral information of the object to be detected; the spectral information includes a group delay profile.
The inventor accidentally finds out in experiments that the group delay spectrum [ Li, S. et al, Optical fiber transfer base phase-derivative driving. IEEE photon. Technol. Lett. 31, 1351-. Compared with the existing amplitude spectrum and phase spectrum, the group delay spectrum is taken as a third independent analysis means, and the direct analysis of the overlapped spectrum, which cannot be realized in the prior art, can be realized. The inventor observes that a plurality of characteristic spectral lines originally connected into one spectral line in the amplitude spectrum and the phase spectrum are in a discrete state in the group delay spectrum, and the wavelength or the frequency of each characteristic spectral line can be directly distinguished, so that the chemical species and the physical structure of a substance can be identified.
The idea of the invention is to use group delay spectrum to distinguish overlapping spectrum, which belongs to a new phenomenon. This phenomenon is explained by classical physics: the amplitude variation is related to the imaginary part of the dielectric constant of the substance, while the group delay is determined by the real part of the dielectric constant, so that the group delay spectrum can supplement the missing information of the amplitude spectrum. Quantum mechanics is used to explain this phenomenon: when an atom is excited and a quantum transition occurs between two energy levels, normal dispersion and anomalous dispersion occur. A pole appears at the intersection of normal dispersion and anomalous dispersion [ Dogariu, A., Kuzmich, A., & Wang, L.J. TRANSPARENT ANOMALOG dispersion and super light-pulse amplification at a negative polarization. Phys. Rev. A63, 053806 (2001) ]. When different characteristic lines overlap, multiple alternations of normal dispersion and anomalous dispersion will be caused, thereby providing additional poles for the group delay spectrum to distinguish the overlapping characteristic lines.
The measurement of the group delay spectrum can be realized by adopting the prior technologies such as a phase frequency response Fourier transform method [ Liutao group delay rapid measurement method [ J ] electric wave science report, 2009,24(02):369 + 371], a discrete differential method [ LideRu group delay measurement technology [ M ]. Beijing: electronic industry Press, 1990] and the like. Preferably, the group delay spectrum is obtained by deriving the frequency from the phase spectrum, so that the method can be realized based on the existing spectrum analysis system and only needs to slightly modify a software part.
For the public to understand, the technical scheme of the invention is explained in detail by a specific embodiment and the accompanying drawings:
the spectral analysis process in this example is specifically as follows:
step A, performing spectrum measurement on the object to be measured to obtain the spectrum information (which can be an emission spectrum, an absorption spectrum or a scattering spectrum) of the object to be measured, wherein the spectrum information comprises a magnitude spectrum or a phase spectrum. The phase spectrum can be determined from The magnitude spectrum by The Kramers-Kronig relationship [ O' Donnell, M., Jaynes, E.T., & Miller, J.G. (1981) Kramers-Kronig correlation shift by ultraviolet excitation and phase shift, The Journal of The acoustic Society of America, 69(3), 696-701.).
And step B, deriving the frequency by using the phase spectrum to obtain a group delay spectrum. The independent variable of the group delay spectrum is frequency or wavelength, and the dependent variable is group delay. Characteristic spectral lines in an overlapping state in the magnitude spectrum or the phase spectrum appear in a discrete state in the group delay spectrum.
And step C, determining the wavelength or frequency of the characteristic spectral line according to the discrete peaks in the group delay spectrum, thereby identifying the chemical composition and the physical structure of the object to be detected. The wavelength or frequency of the characteristic spectral line can be used as an initial condition, and the spectrum of the object to be detected is quantitatively analyzed by combining data analysis technologies such as linear fitting. And the system can be recombined to traditional amplitude spectrum and/or phase spectrum analysis on the basis of group delay spectrum analysis to obtain more accurate spectrum analysis results.
Fig. 1 shows a typical structure of the spectral analysis apparatus of the present invention, which directly employs an existing spectral analysis hardware system. As shown in fig. 1, after entering the object to be detected, the detection light interacts with molecules and atoms in the object to be detected, carries the spectral information thereof, and then enters the detector; in the detector, the detection light is converted into an electric signal and is sent into a signal acquisition and processing module; the signal acquisition and processing module extracts spectral information carried by the detection light to obtain an amplitude spectrum and a phase spectrum, and the group delay spectrum is calculated by derivation of the phase spectrum.
In order to verify the effect of the technical scheme of the invention, a verification test is carried out.
FIG. 2(a) to FIG. 2(c) are diagrams for H in cascade13C14N and C2H2Measurement of the gas cavity. FIG. 2(a) is H13C14N and C2H2In the amplitude spectrum, the phase spectrum and the group delay spectrum near 1532.8 nm, when the two characteristic spectral lines are not too close to each other, the wavelengths corresponding to the two characteristic spectral lines can be distinguished in the amplitude spectrum, the phase spectrum and the group delay spectrum. FIG. 2(b) is H13C14N and C2H2In the amplitude, phase and group delay spectrums near 1536.7nm, when the two characteristic spectral lines are very close to each other, the two characteristic spectral lines in the amplitude and phase spectrums are overlapped and connected to form a spectral line and cannot be directly distinguished, and in the group delay spectrums, the two characteristic spectral lines are in a discrete state and can be used for directly distinguishing the wavelengths of the two characteristic spectral lines. And in the group delay spectrum, the weak absorption peak is not submerged by the strong absorption peak. FIG. 2(c) is H13C14N amplitude, phase and group delay spectrum around 1564.4 nm, it can be seen that the group delay spectrum can also be used for the measurement of weak absorption peaks.
FIG. 3 shows the temperature vs. H13C14N and real-time measurement of Fiber Bragg Gratings (FBGs). Since the wavelength of the resonant peak of the FBG varies with the temperature, it is possible to measure spectra that overlap to different extents at different temperatures. It can be seen that no matter H13C14How much the N and the FBG are overlapped, the group delay spectrum can accurately present the wavelengths corresponding to the two characteristic spectral lines, and the measurement result is presented in real time.
Claims (6)
1. A spectral analysis method based on group delay spectrum analyzes the object to be measured according to the spectral information of the object to be measured; wherein the spectral information comprises a group delay profile.
2. The group delay profile-based spectral analysis method of claim 1, wherein said spectral information further comprises magnitude and/or phase spectra.
3. The method for group delay profile-based spectral analysis of claim 1, wherein the group delay profile is derived from a phase profile by frequency.
4. A spectral analysis device based on group delay spectrum analyzes the object to be detected according to the spectral information of the object to be detected; wherein the spectral information comprises a group delay profile.
5. The group delay profile-based spectral analysis apparatus of claim 4, wherein the spectral information further comprises a magnitude spectrum and/or a phase spectrum.
6. The group delay profile-based spectral analysis apparatus of claim 4, wherein the group delay profile is derived from a phase profile by frequency.
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