CN111855061A - Bridge inhaul cable force increment accurate measurement device and measurement method - Google Patents
Bridge inhaul cable force increment accurate measurement device and measurement method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111855061A CN111855061A CN202010741485.5A CN202010741485A CN111855061A CN 111855061 A CN111855061 A CN 111855061A CN 202010741485 A CN202010741485 A CN 202010741485A CN 111855061 A CN111855061 A CN 111855061A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
- G01L5/04—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes for measuring tension in flexible members, e.g. ropes, cables, wires, threads, belts or bands
- G01L5/10—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes for measuring tension in flexible members, e.g. ropes, cables, wires, threads, belts or bands using electrical means
- G01L5/102—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes for measuring tension in flexible members, e.g. ropes, cables, wires, threads, belts or bands using electrical means using sensors located at a non-interrupted part of the flexible member
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
- G01L5/04—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes for measuring tension in flexible members, e.g. ropes, cables, wires, threads, belts or bands
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08C—TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS FOR MEASURED VALUES, CONTROL OR SIMILAR SIGNALS
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Abstract
The invention provides a bridge inhaul cable force increment accurate measuring device and a measuring method, wherein the measuring device comprises a cable force tester, a transmission layer and a display layer; the cable force tester comprises an upper clamping ring, a lower clamping ring, four connecting rods, four strain gauges, a temperature compensation strain gauge and a strain acquisition instrument, wherein the upper clamping ring is connected with the lower clamping ring through the four connecting rods, each connecting rod is formed by connecting two force transmission rods and a deformation rod in series, the deformation rods are positioned between the two force transmission rods, the middle part of each deformation rod is provided with the strain gauge, the middle part of one force transmission rod of one of the four connecting rods is provided with the temperature compensation strain gauge, and the temperature compensation strain gauge and the four strain gauges are connected with the strain acquisition instrument; the measuring method is performed based on the measuring device. The device of the invention can overcome the defect that the strain gauge cannot be installed on the stay cable, has the advantages of simple principle and high testing precision, and the measuring method can realize the dynamic and long-term monitoring and provide reliable guarantee for measuring the cable force of the stay cable.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of cables, in particular to a device and a method for accurately measuring the cable force increment of a bridge inhaul cable.
Background
The guy cable is an important bearing structure of a modern bridge, and comprises a guy cable of a cable-stayed bridge, a suspender of an arch bridge, external prestress of a part of bridge and the like. The judgment of the bridge structure state requires measuring the cable force of a stay cable, and the common method comprises the following steps: magnetic flux, pressure ring, and frequency methods. Among them, the magnetic flux method has few practical cases in China and is not technically mature enough. The pressure ring method has high test precision and can meet the test requirement of the cable force increment, but the method has the defects that the pressure ring needs to be preset when the cable is installed, the method cannot be used for the existing bridge, and the method is very expensive and cannot be popularized in a large scale. The frequency method includes both contact measurement and non-contact measurement, and the cable force is obtained by a frequency and cable force relational expression, which is very convenient in engineering application but has low precision. Obviously, the three methods have the problem of large error, especially when used on short cables. In view of the problems in the industries, a device and a method for accurately measuring the increment of the cable force of the bridge cable are urgently needed, wherein the device and the method are simple and convenient to test and high in test precision.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a bridge inhaul cable force increment accurate measuring device comprises a cable force tester, a transmission layer and a display layer; the cable force tester comprises an upper clamping ring, a lower clamping ring, four connecting rods, four strain gauges, a temperature compensation strain gauge and a strain acquisition instrument, wherein the upper clamping ring and the lower clamping ring are parallel and opposite, a clamping through hole for a cable to pass through is formed in the middle of the upper clamping ring and the lower clamping ring, the aperture of the clamping through hole is slightly smaller than the diameter of the cable, the upper clamping ring and the lower clamping ring are connected through the four connecting rods, the four connecting rods are arranged at intervals and surround the periphery of the clamping through hole, each connecting rod is formed by connecting two force transmission rods and a deformation rod in series, the deformation rod is positioned between the two force transmission rods, the strain gauge is installed in the middle of each deformation rod, the temperature compensation strain gauge is installed in the middle of one of the four connecting rods, and the temperature compensation strain gauge and the four strain gauges are connected with the strain acquisition instrument; the transmission layer comprises a 4G/5G signal transmitter and a cloud end, and the strain acquisition instrument is connected with the cloud end through the 4G/5G signal transmitter; the display layer comprises terminal equipment, and the terminal equipment is in wireless connection with the cloud.
Preferably, the structure of the upper clamping ring is the same as that of the lower clamping ring, the upper clamping ring is in a circular ring shape and is equally divided into two semicircular rings, lug plates are welded at two ends of each semicircular ring in the arc length direction, a bolt hole is formed in each lug plate, the two semicircular rings are connected into a circular ring in a mode that a bolt hole is inserted in each semicircular ring through high-strength bolt threads, and the inner ring of each circular ring is the clamping through hole.
Preferably, the hole wall of the clamping through hole is engraved with a thread structure.
Preferably, all the connecting rods are the same in length, all the dowel bars are made of the same material and have the same size, all the dowel bars are made of metal or alloy, and the cross section of each dowel bar in the vertical length direction is of a circular structure.
Preferably, all the deformation rods are made of metal or alloy, the cross section of each deformation rod in the vertical length direction is of a rectangular structure, the size of the cross section of each deformation rod is smaller than that of the cross section of the stay cable and that of the cross section of the dowel bar, and the elastic modulus of each deformation rod is smaller than that of the dowel bar.
Preferably, the terminal device is a computer, a mobile phone or a tablet.
In addition, the invention also provides a method for accurately measuring the cable force increment of the bridge cable, which adopts the device for accurately measuring the cable force increment of the bridge cable to carry out measurement and comprises the following steps:
(1) calibrating a cable force tester;
(2) a cable force tester is arranged on the stay cable to be tested;
(3) the cable force tester comprises a cable force tester, a display layer, a transmission layer, a temperature compensation strain gauge, a strain acquisition instrument, a transmission layer and a display layer, wherein the cable force tester is connected with the strain acquisition instrument through all strain gauges and temperature compensation strain gauges;
(4) setting relevant parameters of a stay cable to be tested, particularly setting the parameters of the stay cable to be tested on terminal equipment, wherein the parameters mainly comprise the elastic modulus E and the section area A of the stay cable to be tested;
(5) and (5) cable force increment acquisition of the stay cable.
Preferably, in the step (1), when the elastic modulus E and the cross-sectional area a of the cable to be tested are unknown, the measuring range of the cable force tester is calibrated through tests, and the calibration is performed before the cable starts to be installed, specifically as follows:
1) selecting a guy cable with the same model as the guy cable to be tested;
2) installing a cable force tester in the middle of the selected cable;
3) mounting two ends of the selected inhaul cable on an MTS universal testing machine;
4) applying loads of different grades to the MTS universal testing machine, and simultaneously measuring strain data on the cable force testing instrument;
5) the tensile rigidity EA of the inhaul cable can be obtained through calibration according to the following formula:
wherein Δ F is the cable force increment of the cable, LdTo length of deformable rod, LcFor the spacing between the upper and lower clamp rings,iis the strain value of the ith strain gage,afor temperature compensation of strain value, L, of strain gaugeTIs the length of the transmission rod.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the invention provides a bridge inhaul cable force increment accurate measuring device, which has the advantages that: the applicability is wide, the operation is simple, the economy and the practicability are realized, and the repeated use is realized;
(2) according to the cable force tester, strain amplification is realized through the difference of the tensile strength of the dowel bar and the deformation bar, so that the precision of cable force increment testing is improved; meanwhile, the interference of temperature to a test result is effectively eliminated by arranging the temperature compensation sheet on the dowel bar, and the accuracy of cable force measurement is further improved;
(3) the invention provides a method for measuring the cable force increment of a bridge cable, which can realize real-time data transmission by utilizing a wireless network, realize dynamic and long-term monitoring, provide reliable guarantee for cable force measurement of the cable and fill the blank in the field of dynamic monitoring of the cable.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the cable force tester of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic system structure of the measuring device of the present invention.
Description of the main elements
In the figure: the device comprises an upper clamping ring 1, a lower clamping ring 2, a deformation rod 3, a bolt 4, a strain gauge 5, a temperature compensation strain gauge 6, a dowel steel 7, a cable force tester 10, a 4G/5G signal transmitter 20, a cloud end 30 and a terminal device 40.
The following detailed description will further illustrate the invention in conjunction with the above-described figures.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1 to 2, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an apparatus for accurately measuring a cable force increment of a bridge cable includes a cable force tester 10, a transmission layer and a display layer.
The cable force tester 10 comprises an upper clamping ring 1, a lower clamping ring 2, four connecting rods, four strain gauges 5, a temperature compensation strain gauge 6 and a strain acquisition instrument, the upper clamping ring 1 and the lower clamping ring 2 are parallel and opposite, the middle parts of the upper clamping ring and the lower clamping ring are provided with clamping through holes for the stay cable to pass through, the aperture of the clamping through hole is slightly smaller than the diameter of the cable, the upper clamping ring 1 and the lower clamping ring 2 are connected through four connecting rods which are arranged at intervals, and surrounds the circumference of the clamping through hole, each connecting rod is formed by connecting two dowel bars 7 and a deformation rod 3 in series, wherein, the pole 3 that warp is located between two dowel bars 7, and the mid-mounting strain gauge 5 of each pole 3 that warp, the mid-mounting temperature compensation foil gage 6 of one of them dowel bar 7 of four connecting rods, strain acquisition appearance is all connected to temperature compensation foil gage 6 and four foil gages 5. The cable force tester 10 clamps a cable to be tested through the clamping through holes of the upper clamping ring 1 and the lower clamping ring 2, and connects the upper clamping ring 1 and the lower clamping ring 2 through the connecting rod, wherein the connecting rod is composed of a force transmission rod 7 and a deformation rod 3, the deformation rod 3 can synchronously deform when the upper clamping ring 1 and the lower clamping ring 2 shift along with the cable stress, the deformation is detected by a strain gauge 5 on the deformation rod 3, the deformation condition of the cable can be known through the detection result of the strain gauge 5, in addition, a temperature compensation strain gauge 6 arranged on the force transmission rod 7 can be used for measuring the deformation caused by temperature change, and therefore the testing accuracy of the device is improved.
In this embodiment, the structure of the upper clamping ring 1 is the same as that of the lower clamping ring 2, the upper clamping ring 1 is in a circular ring shape and is equally divided into two semicircular rings, lug plates are welded at two ends of each semicircular ring in the arc length direction, bolt holes are formed in each lug plate, the two semicircular rings are connected into a circular ring in a mode that the bolt holes are inserted through high-strength bolts 4 in a threaded mode, and the inner ring of the circular ring is the clamping through hole. Preferably, the hole wall of the clamping through hole is engraved with a thread structure so as to increase the friction force of the upper clamping ring 1 and the lower clamping ring 2 for clamping the inhaul cable. Preferably, all the connecting rods have the same length, all the dowel bars 7 have the same material and the same size, all the dowel bars 7 are made of metal or alloy, specifically, the metal or alloy with light weight, large elastic modulus and low temperature sensitivity is adopted, and the cross section of the metal or alloy in the vertical length direction is of a circular structure. All the material that warp pole 3 is the same, the size is the same, all warp pole 3 and all adopt metal or alloy to make, adopt light in weight specifically, elastic modulus is less, the metal or alloy that temperature sensitivity is low, the cross section on its perpendicular length direction is dense for the rectangle structure, this cross section size all is less than the cross section size of cable cross section size and dowel steel 7, the cross section size that specifically warp pole 3 is less than cable cross section size and dowel steel 7 far away, thereby make warp pole 3 and dowel steel 7 when receiving the same pulling force, the deformation degree that warp pole 3 is greater than the deformation degree of dowel steel 7 far away, and the deformation of warp pole 3 can be synchronous with the deformation of cable, the pulling force that warp pole 3 shares can be ignored. In addition, the elastic modulus of the deformation rod 3 is smaller than that of the dowel bar 7, specifically, much smaller than that of the dowel bar 7, so that the tensile rigidity of the dowel bar 7 is far greater than that of the deformation rod 3, and therefore, when the cable deforms, only the deformation rod 3 deforms, and the dowel bar 7 does not deform.
The transmission layer includes 4G/5G signal transmitter 20 and high in the clouds 30, strain acquisition appearance passes through 4G/5G signal transmitter 20 and connects high in the clouds 30, strain acquisition appearance is used for gathering strain gage 5 and the strain signal that temperature compensation strain gage 6 detected to convert the signal of telecommunication that strain gage 5 gathered to digital signal, and transmit digital signal for high in the clouds 30 through 4G/5G signal transmitter 20. The display layer comprises a terminal device 40, the terminal device 40 is in wireless connection with the cloud 30, specifically in a wireless connection mode, so that data of the cloud 30 are received in real time through the Internet, relevant parameters of the stay cable to be detected are set on the terminal device 40, and the parameters are combined with the data transmitted by the cloud 30, so that the cable force increment of the stay cable to be detected can be obtained. Preferably, the terminal device 40 is a computer or a mobile phone or a tablet.
In the invention, the principle of measuring the cable force increment of the stay cable to be measured is as follows:
the upper clamping ring 1 and the lower clamping ring 2 of the cable force tester 10 are clamped with the cable force to be tested, and the tensile rigidity of the dowel bar 7 is far greater than that of the deformation rod 3, so that only the deformation rod 3 deforms when the cable deforms. Let the cable force increment be Δ F, the following relationship is given:
ΔF＝EAc(1)
in the formula, EA is the tensile rigidity of the inhaul cable,cis the cable strain.
At the same time, the deformation rod 3 is straineddAnd strain of the cablecThe following relationships exist:
in the formula, LdTo vary the length, L, of the rod 3cIs the spacing between upper clamp ring 1 and lower clamp ring 2.
Strain of the deformed rod 3 caused when the temperature changesTComprises the following steps:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,afor temperature compensation of the strain value, L, of the strain gauge 6TThe length of the dowel 7.
Combining the deformation caused by tension and the deformation caused by temperature change, the following deformation rod 3 strain is obtainedd：
In the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,ithe strain value of the ith strain gage 5.
As can be seen from the formula (2), since LdIs much smaller than LcTherefore, the strain on the deformation rod 3 is far larger than that on the inhaul cable, so that the strain is amplified, and the test precision is greatly improved; meanwhile, the cable force increment test accuracy at different temperatures can be realized by mounting the strain compensation sheet on the dowel bar 7.
Based on the principle, after the cable force tester 1010 clamps the cable, the strain value obtained by measuring through the strain gauge 5iMeasuring the strain value of the temperature compensation strain gauge 6 through the temperature compensation strain gauge 6aThe strain of the deformation rod 3 can be obtained by integrating all strain values and substituting the strain values into the formula (4)dUnder the condition that the tensile rigidity of the stay cable to be measured is known, the calculated strain of the deformation rod 3dSubstituted into formula (2) to obtainStrain of inhaul cablecStraining the obtained cablecThe cable force increment delta F of the inhaul cable can be obtained by substituting the formula (1). Therefore, the measuring device provided by the invention can be used for measuring the cable force increment of the bridge inhaul cable, and is simple and convenient to measure and convenient to use.
Based on the measurement principle and the measurement device, the invention also provides a bridge inhaul cable force increment accurate measurement method, the measurement method adopts the bridge inhaul cable force increment accurate measurement device to carry out measurement, and the method comprises the following steps:
(1) calibrating a cable force tester 10;
(2) a cable force tester 10 is arranged on the stay cable to be tested;
(3) the method comprises the following steps of instrument connection, wherein all strain gauges 5 and temperature compensation strain gauges 6 of a cable force tester 10 are connected with a strain acquisition instrument, the strain acquisition instrument is connected with a cloud 30 through a 4G/5G signal transmitter 20 of a transmission layer, and a terminal device 40 of a display layer is wirelessly connected with the cloud 30;
(4) setting relevant parameters of the stay cable to be tested, particularly setting the parameters of the stay cable to be tested on the terminal equipment 40, wherein the parameters mainly comprise the elastic modulus E and the section area A of the stay cable to be tested;
(5) and (5) cable force increment acquisition of the stay cable.
Preferably, in step (1), when the elastic modulus E and the cross-sectional area a of the cable to be tested are unknown, the range of the cable force tester 10 is calibrated through tests, and before the cable starts to be installed, the calibration is as follows:
1) selecting a guy cable with the same model as the guy cable to be tested;
2) a cable force tester 10 is arranged in the middle of the selected cable;
3) mounting two ends of the selected inhaul cable on an MTS universal testing machine;
4) applying loads of different grades to the MTS universal tester, and simultaneously measuring strain data on the cable force tester 10;
5) the tensile rigidity EA of the inhaul cable can be obtained through calibration according to the following formula:
wherein Δ F is the cable force increment of the cable, LdTo vary the length, L, of the rod 3cFor the spacing between the upper clamping ring 1 and the lower clamping ring 2,ithe strain value of the ith strain gage 5,afor temperature compensation of the strain value, L, of the strain gauge 6TThe length of the dowel 7.
The calculation formula of the bending rigidity of the stay cable is obtained by reasoning according to the formulas (1) to (4), and the test calibration is based on a calibration mode selected under the condition that direct calibration is not met, namely, in the actual test, the E and A of the stay cable to be tested can not necessarily obtain accurate values.
In step 5), the tensile stiffness EA of the cable is obtained as an average value.
The above description is intended to describe in detail the preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the claims of the present invention, and all equivalent changes and modifications made within the technical spirit of the present invention should fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a bridge cable power increment precision measurement device which characterized in that: comprises a cable force tester, a transmission layer and a display layer; the cable force tester comprises an upper clamping ring, a lower clamping ring, four connecting rods, four strain gauges, a temperature compensation strain gauge and a strain acquisition instrument, wherein the upper clamping ring and the lower clamping ring are parallel and opposite, a clamping through hole for a cable to pass through is formed in the middle of the upper clamping ring and the lower clamping ring, the aperture of the clamping through hole is slightly smaller than the diameter of the cable, the upper clamping ring and the lower clamping ring are connected through the four connecting rods, the four connecting rods are arranged at intervals and surround the periphery of the clamping through hole, each connecting rod is formed by connecting two force transmission rods and a deformation rod in series, the deformation rod is positioned between the two force transmission rods, the strain gauge is installed in the middle of each deformation rod, the temperature compensation strain gauge is installed in the middle of one of the four connecting rods, and the temperature compensation strain gauge and the four strain gauges are connected with the strain acquisition instrument; the transmission layer comprises a 4G/5G signal transmitter and a cloud end, and the strain acquisition instrument is connected with the cloud end through the 4G/5G signal transmitter; the display layer comprises terminal equipment, and the terminal equipment is in wireless connection with the cloud.
2. The bridge inhaul cable force increment accurate measurement device according to claim 1, wherein: the structure of going up clamp ring and clamp ring down is the same, go up the clamp ring and be the ring form to equally divide into two semicircle rings, the both ends on each semicircle ring arc length direction all weld the otic placode, have seted up the bolt hole on each otic placode, two semicircle rings connect into a ring through the mode that high strength bolt screw thread inserted the bolt hole, the inner ring of ring does the centre gripping through-hole.
3. The bridge inhaul cable force increment accurate measurement device according to claim 1, wherein: and a thread structure is carved on the hole wall of the clamping through hole.
4. The bridge inhaul cable force increment accurate measurement device according to claim 1, wherein: all the connecting rods are the same in length, all the dowel bars are made of metal or alloy and have circular cross sections perpendicular to the length direction.
5. The bridge inhaul cable force increment accurate measurement device according to claim 1, wherein: all the deformation rods are made of metal or alloy, the cross section of each deformation rod in the vertical length direction is of a rectangular structure, the size of the cross section is smaller than that of the cross section of the stay cable and that of the cross section of the dowel bar, and the elastic modulus of the deformation rods is smaller than that of the dowel bar.
6. The bridge inhaul cable force increment accurate measurement device according to claim 1, wherein: the terminal equipment is a computer, a mobile phone or a tablet.
7. The method for accurately measuring the cable force increment of the bridge cable is characterized by adopting the device for accurately measuring the cable force increment of the bridge cable according to claim 1, and comprises the following steps of:
(1) calibrating a cable force tester;
(2) a cable force tester is arranged on the stay cable to be tested;
(3) the cable force tester comprises a cable force tester, a display layer, a transmission layer, a temperature compensation strain gauge, a strain acquisition instrument, a transmission layer and a display layer, wherein the cable force tester is connected with the strain acquisition instrument through all strain gauges and temperature compensation strain gauges;
(4) setting relevant parameters of a stay cable to be tested, particularly setting the parameters of the stay cable to be tested on terminal equipment, wherein the parameters mainly comprise the elastic modulus E and the section area A of the stay cable to be tested;
(5) and (5) cable force increment acquisition of the stay cable.
8. The method for accurately measuring the cable force increment of the bridge cable according to claim 7, wherein in the step (1), when the elastic modulus E and the cross-sectional area A of the cable to be measured are unknown, the measuring range of the cable force tester is calibrated through tests, and the calibration is carried out before the cable is installed, and the method comprises the following specific steps:
1) selecting a guy cable with the same model as the guy cable to be tested;
2) installing a cable force tester in the middle of the selected cable;
3) mounting two ends of the selected inhaul cable on an MTS universal testing machine;
4) applying loads of different grades to the MTS universal testing machine, and simultaneously measuring strain data on the cable force testing instrument;
5) the tensile rigidity EA of the inhaul cable can be obtained through calibration according to the following formula:
wherein Δ F is the cable force increment of the cable, LdTo length of deformable rod, LcIs an upper clamp ring and a lower clamp ringThe distance between the two plates is equal to each other,iis the strain value of the ith strain gage,afor temperature compensation of strain value, L, of strain gaugeTIs the length of the transmission rod.
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