CN111854796A - Real-time comprehensive correction method for precise leveling measurement - Google Patents
Real-time comprehensive correction method for precise leveling measurement Download PDFInfo
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- CN111854796A CN111854796A CN202010600136.1A CN202010600136A CN111854796A CN 111854796 A CN111854796 A CN 111854796A CN 202010600136 A CN202010600136 A CN 202010600136A CN 111854796 A CN111854796 A CN 111854796A
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- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013507 mapping Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C25/00—Manufacturing, calibrating, cleaning, or repairing instruments or devices referred to in the other groups of this subclass
Abstract
The invention relates to a real-time comprehensive correction method for precision leveling measurement, which comprises two types of correction: correcting the survey station, namely measuring station by station according to a leveling route, and adding the height difference of the survey station into the length correction of the ruler; and correcting the measuring section, wherein the correcting comprises temperature correcting, level surface non-parallel correcting and elevation abnormity correcting, the temperature correcting is carried out by measuring the temperature on the measuring section, the level surface non-parallel correcting is carried out by utilizing the latitude of the starting point and the ending point of the measuring section, and the elevation abnormity correcting is carried out by measuring the gravity on the measuring section to obtain the gravity abnormal value. The invention can correct the length of the ruler for the height difference of each measuring station in real time during the field operation of precise leveling measurement, and the uneven level and the abnormal gravity correction can be immediately added after one measuring section is finished. Therefore, the accuracy and the rationality of field collected data are ensured, a traditional and complicated field correction mode is avoided, and the operation flow of leveling and processing is simplified.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of surveying and mapping, and particularly relates to a real-time comprehensive correction method for precise leveling measurement.
Background
Leveling, also known as "geometric leveling", is a method of measuring the difference in height between two points on the ground using a level gauge and a leveling rod. A level is arranged between two points on the ground, a leveling staff erected on the two points is observed, and the height difference between the two points is calculated according to the reading on the staff, which is shown in figure 1. And a survey section is called between every two level points, the survey section is formed by observing a plurality of survey stations, and the observation sequence of one survey section can be seen in figure 2. The elevation of each point is typically determined from station to station along a selected leveling route, starting from a leveling origin or known elevation point. Leveling as a component of engineering measurement is of great significance to production practice. Today, with the continuous progress of measurement means, leveling still is the most accurate observation method for obtaining high-precision ground point elevation information.
The leveling measurement uses a leveling surface as a reference surface, and the measured height difference can be understood as a vertical distance between the two leveling surfaces passing through a front viewpoint and a rear viewpoint. In short-distance leveling, the influence of the earth curvature on a height difference observation value and the non-parallelism between leveling surfaces can be ignored, but when the leveling route is long and the span is large, the error influence on leveling measurement caused by the non-parallelism of the leveling surfaces and gravity anomaly needs to be considered and needs to be corrected. The nominal length of the levelling rod often deviates from the actual length, and the error thereof should also be taken into account in high-grade precision levelling measurements. Along with the increase of the length of the measuring section, the comprehensive correction number is accumulated continuously, particularly in a high-altitude area, the influence of gravity anomaly on the result of the precision leveling is very obvious, and the error can reach millimeter level or even centimeter level.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention relates to a real-time comprehensive correction method for precision leveling, which aims to realize real-time height difference adding ruler length correction for each measuring station during field operation of precision leveling and immediately add temperature, level surface non-parallelism and gravity anomaly correction after finishing a measuring section.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the real-time comprehensive correction method for precise leveling measurement is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method includes two types of corrections:
correcting the survey station, measuring station by station according to the leveling route, and correcting the length of the staff gauge;
and correcting the measuring section, wherein the correcting comprises temperature correcting, level surface non-parallel correcting and elevation abnormity correcting, the temperature correcting is carried out by measuring the temperature on the measuring section, the level surface non-parallel correcting is carried out by utilizing the latitude of the starting point and the ending point of the measuring section, and the elevation abnormity correcting is carried out by measuring the gravity on the measuring section to obtain the gravity abnormal value.
The method comprises the following steps:
step 1: obtaining a ruler length correction parameter:
checking and calibrating the precision leveling instrument and the staff gauge at regular intervals, and giving correction parameters of the staff gauge according to the checking result of a checking center;
step 2: measurement and correction:
measuring station by station according to a leveling route and correcting the length of the ruler, simultaneously measuring the temperature and the gravity along the line, and correcting the temperature, the non-parallel correction of the leveling surface and the abnormal correction of the gravity of a measuring section;
And 3, step 3:
and when all the measuring sections are measured, outputting original data and corrected height difference.
The step 2 specifically comprises the following steps:
step (1), single-station measurement, single-station height difference scaling length correction;
step (2), repeating the single-station measurement until the observation of one measurement section is completed;
and (3) after the observation of one measurement section is finished, carrying out temperature correction, level surface non-parallel correction and elevation abnormal correction on the elevation difference of the measurement section according to the temperature measurement value, the latitude of the starting and ending points of the measurement section and the elevation abnormal value of the measurement section.
The step (1) is specifically as follows:
the precision leveling reads the front and rear scales in the order of observation, either back-front-back or front-back-front. After the observation of a measuring station is finished, the length correction number of the measuring station is calculated according to the correction parameters of a pair of scales, and the height difference of the measuring station is corrected.
And (3) the steps (1) to (3) are an observation and correction process of a measurement section in the leveling measurement, and the steps (1) to (3) are repeated until the measurement of the whole leveling route is completed.
The invention has the following advantages:
the invention relates to a real-time comprehensive correction method for precise leveling measurement, which can comprehensively process important errors such as long ruler, non-parallel leveling surface, abnormal gravity and the like, and corrects the elevation difference in real time during field data acquisition, thereby ensuring the accuracy and rationality of field data acquisition, avoiding a traditional and complicated field correction mode and simplifying the operation flow of leveling measurement and processing.
Drawings
FIG. 1: single station survey.
In the figure, 1-back, 2-front, a-back, b-front, the height difference between points 1,2 h12= a-b.
FIG. 2: and (6) observing the map by the observation section.
In the figure: A. b, C is the leveling point; A-B, B-C is a measuring section; s1, wherein S2.. Sn is a measuring station on the measuring section A-B; TP1, tp2.. TPn-1 is the turning point.
FIG. 3: the precise leveling real-time comprehensive correction flow chart.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific embodiments.
The method of the invention is used for correcting the altitude difference of a precision leveling survey section in real time, and mainly comprises two types of correction, wherein the first type is correction on a survey station, namely, correction of the length of a staff gauge; the second type is correction on the measuring section, which comprises temperature correction, level surface nonparallel correction and elevation abnormity correction, wherein the level surface nonparallel correction can utilize the latitude of the starting point and the ending point of the measuring section, and the elevation abnormity correction needs to carry out gravity measurement on the measuring section to obtain a gravity abnormal value.
The method comprises the following specific steps:
the calculation flow of the real-time comprehensive correction method for precision leveling measurement is shown in fig. 3, and the specific calculation steps are as follows:
step 1: obtaining ruler length correction parameters
The precise leveling instrument and the staff gauge should be checked and calibrated at regular intervals, and the checking result of the checking center can give the correction parameters of the staff gauge.
Step 2: measurement and correction
The measurement is carried out station by station according to the leveling route, and the temperature measurement and the gravity measurement are simultaneously carried out along the line.
(1) Single station survey
The precision leveling reads the front and rear scales in the order of observation, either back-front-back or front-back-front. After the observation of a measuring station is finished, the length correction number of the measuring station is calculated according to the correction parameters of a pair of scales, and the height difference of the measuring station is corrected.
(2) And (3) repeating the single-station measurement in the step (1) until the observation of one measurement section is completed.
(3) And after the observation of one measurement section is finished, carrying out temperature correction, level surface nonparallel correction and elevation abnormity correction on the elevation difference of the measurement section according to the temperature measurement value, the latitude of the starting and ending points of the measurement section and the elevation abnormity value of the measurement section.
(1) And (3) observing and correcting the process of one measurement section in the leveling measurement, and continuously repeating the steps (1) to (3) until the measurement of the whole leveling route is completed.
The observation process can be seen in fig. 2.
And 3, step 3: outputting the result
When all the measuring sections are measured, the original data and the corrected height difference can be output.
The invention is not limited to the examples, and any equivalent changes to the technical solution of the invention by a person skilled in the art after reading the description of the invention are covered by the claims of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. The real-time comprehensive correction method for precise leveling measurement is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method includes two types of corrections:
correcting the survey station, measuring station by station according to the leveling route, and correcting the length of the staff gauge;
and correcting the measuring section, wherein the correcting comprises temperature correcting, level surface non-parallel correcting and elevation abnormity correcting, the temperature correcting is carried out by measuring the temperature on the measuring section, the level surface non-parallel correcting is carried out by utilizing the latitude of the starting point and the ending point of the measuring section, and the elevation abnormity correcting is carried out by measuring the gravity on the measuring section to obtain the gravity abnormal value.
2. The precise leveling real-time comprehensive correction method according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the method comprises the following steps:
step 1: obtaining a ruler length correction parameter:
checking and calibrating the precision leveling instrument and the staff gauge at regular intervals, and giving correction parameters of the staff gauge according to the checking result of a checking center;
step 2: measurement and correction:
measuring station by station according to a leveling route and correcting the length of the ruler, simultaneously measuring the temperature and the gravity along the line, and correcting the temperature, the non-parallel correction of the leveling surface and the abnormal correction of the gravity of a measuring section;
and 3, step 3:
and when all the measuring sections are measured, outputting original data and corrected height difference.
3. The precise leveling real-time comprehensive correction method according to claim 2, characterized in that:
the step 2 specifically comprises the following steps:
step (1), single-station measurement, single-station height difference scaling length correction;
step (2), repeating the single-station measurement until the observation of one measurement section is completed;
and (3) after the observation of one measurement section is finished, carrying out temperature correction, level surface non-parallel correction and elevation abnormal correction on the elevation difference of the measurement section according to the temperature measurement value, the latitude of the starting and ending points of the measurement section and the elevation abnormal value of the measurement section.
4. The precise leveling real-time comprehensive correction method according to claim 3, characterized in that:
the step (1) is specifically as follows:
the precise leveling measures the reading of the front and the back scales according to the observation sequence of back-front-back or front-back-front;
after the observation of a measuring station is finished, the length correction number of the measuring station is calculated according to the correction parameters of a pair of scales, and the height difference of the measuring station is corrected.
5. The precise leveling real-time comprehensive correction method according to claim 4, characterized in that:
and (3) the steps (1) to (3) are an observation and correction process of a measurement section in the leveling measurement, and the steps (1) to (3) are repeated until the measurement of the whole leveling route is completed.
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| US20120192442A1 (en) * | 2011-01-31 | 2012-08-02 | Sinovel Wind Group Co., Ltd. | Universal precise leveling measuring device and measurement method thereof |
| CN105737796A (en) * | 2016-04-25 | 2016-07-06 | 苏州市建设工程质量检测中心有限公司 | Hydraulic leveling measurement system and measurement method thereof |
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| CN110633448A (en) * | 2019-09-24 | 2019-12-31 | 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司 | Method for establishing engineering gravity ellipsoid |
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2020
- 2020-06-28 CN CN202010600136.1A patent/CN111854796A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
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| US20120192442A1 (en) * | 2011-01-31 | 2012-08-02 | Sinovel Wind Group Co., Ltd. | Universal precise leveling measuring device and measurement method thereof |
| CN105737796A (en) * | 2016-04-25 | 2016-07-06 | 苏州市建设工程质量检测中心有限公司 | Hydraulic leveling measurement system and measurement method thereof |
| CN106989717A (en) * | 2017-03-28 | 2017-07-28 | 湖北省测绘工程院 | A kind of quasigeoid detection method and device |
| CN107228650A (en) * | 2017-05-03 | 2017-10-03 | 大连圣博尔测绘仪器科技有限公司 | The wire type measuring method of dual system bilateral observation composite level |
| CN108955635A (en) * | 2018-08-09 | 2018-12-07 | 大连圣博尔测绘仪器科技有限公司 | Pair observations unit composite level bilateral observation leveling measuring method |
| CN110633448A (en) * | 2019-09-24 | 2019-12-31 | 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司 | Method for establishing engineering gravity ellipsoid |
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