CN111854545B - Boosting gliding small-sized test rocket system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a boosting gliding small-sized test rocket system which comprises an rocket body and a ground boosting launching device, wherein the rocket body comprises a nose cone cabin, an equipment cabin, a strake wing and a tail rudder, the ground boosting launching device comprises a launching rack base, a pitch angle adjusting supporting rod and a guide rail sliding table bracket are arranged at the front end and the rear end of the launching rack base, the guide rail sliding table is erected on the pitch angle adjusting supporting rod and the rocket sliding table bracket, a rocket sliding groove is formed in the guide rail sliding table along a middle axis, a launching booster is arranged at the tail end of the guide rail sliding table, a front sliding block is arranged at the bottom of the rocket body along the front end of a central line, a rear sliding block is arranged at the rear end of the bottom of the rocket body, and the front sliding block and the rear sliding block slide in the rocket sliding groove. According to the invention, the power system engine is not arranged in the rocket body, the launching booster is arranged on the launching frame, and the rocket is launched, so that the launching, storing and transporting processes are safer, the test requirements are met, the recovery system is adopted to recycle the rocket, and the maintenance is simple.

Description

A boost-gliding small test rocket system

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of rocket testing, in particular to a small-scale test rocket system for boosting and gliding.

Background technique

The existing small demonstration rockets can only be displayed by the model, so that students can observe the general structure of its interior, explain the modules and functions it contains, and cannot carry out practical links such as design, assembly, test analysis, etc., let alone test flight or as an innovative technology. application vector.

Existing rockets are powered by engines. After the rocket is installed on the launch pad, it is ignited and launched, and it flies forward under the working thrust of the built-in engine of the rocket. However, for the rocket launch process, small rockets with built-in engines are more dangerous in the process of storage, transfer, preservation and launch, especially the installation process. Moreover, the cost of the engine is large, usually occupying more than 30% of the entire teaching rocket; the mass is large, accounting for more than 30% of the mass of the entire rocket, so the engine occupies a large amount of space at the rear of the teaching rocket. The existing powered rocket system with an engine has great potential safety hazards for teaching experiments, and the rocket engine cannot be reused through recycling, resulting in high use costs.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is how to solve the problem that the existing small demonstration rockets can only be observed and cannot be tested, and the danger is increased due to the engine, so as to provide a small test rocket for boost gliding without an engine and capable of test flight system.

In order to solve this problem, the technical scheme adopted in the present invention is:

A boost gliding small test rocket system includes an arrow body and a ground booster launching device, wherein the arrow body includes a nose cone cabin, an equipment cabin, a side strip wing and a tail rudder, and a satellite antenna is installed in the equipment cabin. The rudder control box used to control the tail rudder, the telemetry module used to map the flight of the rocket, the flight control board used to provide solutions and corrections when the rocket is flying, and the battery pack used to provide power support for various components in the rocket body 2. GPS used to provide navigation function for rockets, and a recovery system used to recover rockets. The ground-assisted launching device includes a launcher base, and the front and rear ends of the launcher base are respectively installed with pitch angle adjustment support rods and the guide rail slide bracket, the guide rail slide table is erected on the pitch angle adjustment support rod and the guide rail slide table bracket, and the guide rail slide table is provided with a rocket sliding slot along the central axis for the rocket to slide forward, and the guide rail slide table is provided with a rocket sliding groove for the rocket to slide forward. The rear end of the rocket is installed with a launch booster that pushes the rocket forward, the bottom of the rocket body is equipped with a front sliding block along the center line at the front end, and a rear sliding block is installed at the rear end. The rocket slides in the sliding groove.

Further, the upper part of the launch booster is a hollow cylindrical body, a spring is installed in the hollow cylindrical body, the front end of the spring is sleeved with a hollow spring column with a sealed top end, and the hollow spring column can be removed from the hollow cylindrical body. The front end of the spring is free to expand and contract, the sealing end of the hollow spring column abuts against the bottom of the rocket, and the rear end of the spring is encapsulated at the rear end of the hollow cylindrical body. A polished rod and a screw rod are installed, and the polished rod and the screw rod are fixed on the guide rail sliding table through the bearing seat, and the bottom of the launch booster is provided with a thread that engages with the thread on the screw rod. Both sides of the guide rail slide table are respectively provided with booster sliding grooves, and the bottom of the launch booster is clamped in the booster sliding groove after the bottom of the launch booster crosses the polished rod and the screw rod. The screw rod is connected with the motor.

Further, the hollow cylindrical body is a conical hollow cylindrical body, the cross-sectional circle near the front end of the guide rail slide table has a small diameter, and the rear cross-sectional circle has a large diameter.

Further, a stop bolt for preventing the rocket from moving is installed in the rocket sliding groove, and when the rocket is placed on the guide rail sliding platform, the stop bolt is located in front of the rear sliding block of the rocket.

Further, the stop bolt includes a screw, the screw is screwed on the bottom of the rocket sliding groove, a spring is sleeved on the top of the screw, and a hollow cylinder with a sloped top is arranged on the spring jacket. , the inclined surface of the hollow cylinder faces the rear end of the rocket sliding slot.

Further, the front end of the lead screw is not engraved with a thread, and a motor toggle switch is installed on the side of the guide rail slide near the end of the lead screw thread. When the launch booster reaches the end of the lead screw thread , the launch booster triggers the motor toggle switch to turn off the motor.

Further, compression springs are installed at the top ends of the screw rod and the guide rod.

Further, the pitch angle adjustment support rod is a double hydraulic support rod, the upper end of the double hydraulic support rod is hinged with the guide rail slide, and the lower end is hinged with the launcher base, and the guide rail slide bracket includes a fixed connection. The support frame on the base of the launch frame is provided with a rotating bracket that can be rotated with the angle adjustment of the guide rail slide, and the base of the rocket launcher is an aluminum plate, which is fixed on the hard surface through expansion bolts .

Further, the recovery system includes a recovery umbrella bag, an explosion bolt, an umbrella rope hanger, a recovery umbrella rope, a traction rope, and a recovery umbrella cover plate, and the recovery umbrella bag is connected with the umbrella rope hanger through the recovery umbrella rope, The umbrella rope hanger is fixed in the arrow body, the explosion bolt is connected with the recovery umbrella cover plate, and the traction rope is connected with the recovery umbrella cover plate.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are:

The invention is a small test rocket system for boosting and gliding. Various test equipments are installed in the rocket body according to the test requirements. Considering that the small rocket with built-in engine is in the process of storage, transport, preservation and launch, especially the installation process has greater danger The present invention does not install a power system engine in the rocket body, but installs a launch booster on the launch frame to launch the rocket, which makes the process of launch, storage and transportation safer, and meets the needs of the test. Moreover, the recovery system is adopted, which is convenient for the recovery and reuse of the rocket, and the maintenance is simple. Moreover, because there is no engine, the volume of the rocket body can be smaller, or more instruments can be installed in the rocket body for testing, which meets the needs of low cost and safety.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the rocket system of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the pitch angle adjustment support rod and the guide rail slide bracket;

Fig. 3 is the connection schematic diagram of the launch booster and the guide rail slide;

Fig. 4 is the enlarged schematic diagram of each component on the guide rail slide;

Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the position of the stop bolt and the rear slider on the rocket;

Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the booster sliding groove and the rocket sliding groove;

Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the shape of the rocket;

Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the front slider and the rear slider of the rocket;

Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the rocket recovery system.

illustration:

1. Arrow body, 11, nose cone cabin, 12, equipment cabin, 13, side strip, 14, tail rudder, 15, GPS, 16, recovery system, 17, front slider, 18, rear slider; 161, Recover umbrella bag, 162, Explosion bolt, 163, Umbrella rope hanger, 164, Recover umbrella rope, 165, Traction rope, 166, Recover umbrella cover;

2. Ground booster launcher, 21, Launcher base, 211, Pitch angle adjustment support rod, 212, Rail slide bracket, 2121, Support frame, 2122, Rotation bracket;

3. Guide rail sliding table, 31, Rocket sliding groove, 32, Polished rod, 33, Screw rod, 34, Booster sliding groove, 35, Stop bolt, 36, Motor toggle switch, 37, Compression spring, 38, bearing seat;

4. Launch booster, 41, hollow cylindrical body, 42, spring, 43, hollow spring column;

5. Motor, 51, belt, 52, pulley.

Detailed ways

Figures 1 to 9 show specific embodiments of a boost-gliding small test rocket system of the present invention, as shown in Figures 1, 2, and 7, including an rocket body 1, where the rocket body includes a nose cone cabin 11. The equipment cabin 12, the side strips 13 and the tail rudder 14, the equipment cabin is equipped with a satellite antenna, a rudder control box for controlling the tail rudder, a telemetry module for mapping the flight of the rocket, and a The flight control board for solving and correcting the rocket during flight, the battery pack for providing power support for various components in the rocket body, the GPS15 for providing the rocket with the navigation function, the recovery system 16 for recovering the rocket, and the The ground booster launcher 2 includes a launcher base 21, and the front and rear ends of the launcher base are respectively installed with a pitch angle adjustment support rod 211 and a guide rail slide bracket 212, and the guide rail slide 3 is erected On the pitch angle adjustment support rod 211 and the guide rail slide bracket 212, the guide rail slide table is provided with a rocket sliding groove 31 for the rocket to slide forward along the central axis, and a rear end of the guide rail slide table is installed with a rocket to slide the rocket forward. For the launch booster 4 pushed forward, a front slider 17 is installed at the front end of the bottom of the rocket body along the center line, and a rear slider 18 is installed at the rear end. Slide in the sliding groove 31 . In the present invention, various test equipments are installed in the rocket body 1 according to the test requirements. Since the rocket is only used as a test, considering that the small rocket with built-in engine is in the process of storage, transportation, preservation and launch, especially the installation process has greater danger The present invention does not install a power system engine in the rocket body, but installs a launch booster on the launch frame to launch the rocket, which makes the process of launch, storage and transportation safer, and meets the needs of the test. And a recycling system is adopted, which is convenient for the recycling and reuse of the rocket, and the maintenance is simple. The satellite antenna, rudder control box, telemetry module, flight control board, battery pack, GPS, recovery system, etc. installed in the rocket body are all conventional designs in existing rockets. For safety reasons, the engine was eliminated and the launch assist system was installed on the launch pad. The launch angle of the guide rail slide is adjusted through the pitch angle adjustment support rod 211, and the guide rail required for the rocket launch is provided through the guide rail slide 3. Booster 4 replaces the motor on a small rocket by boosting the rocket to the desired launch velocity of the rocket. Compared with the traditional launch pad, the launch pad provides the power required for the flight of the small rocket through the launch booster, which reduces the mass of the small rocket by at least 30%. The cost and difficulty of design meet the needs of low cost and safety.

In this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 3 , 4 and 6 , a hollow cylindrical body 41 is provided on the upper part of the launch booster 4 , a spring 42 is installed in the hollow cylindrical body 41 , and the front end of the spring is sleeved A hollow spring column 43 with a sealed top end is connected, and the hollow spring column 43 can freely expand and contract from the front end surface of the hollow cylindrical body. The cover plate is encapsulated at the rear end of the hollow cylindrical body, and a polished rod 32 and a screw rod 33 are installed in parallel on both sides of the guide rail groove on the guide rail slide table 3, and the polished rod 32 and the screw rod 33 are fixed by the bearing seat 38. On the guide rail slide table 3 , the bottom of the launch booster 4 is provided with a thread that engages with the thread on the screw rod, and the two sides of the guide rail slide table 3 are respectively provided with booster sliding grooves 34. After the bottom of the launch booster 4 crosses over the polished rod 32 and the screw rod 33, both sides of the bottom of the launch booster 4 are clamped in the booster sliding groove 34, and the screw rod 33 is connected to the motor 5. In this embodiment, the energy is stored mainly by the spring in the air column located at the upper part of the launch booster 4. The front end of the hollow spring column 43 is in contact with the bottom of the rocket, and is squeezed by the hollow spring column 43 when the launch booster 4 slides forward. The pressure spring stores energy. When the motor 5 connected with the screw rod starts, the motor 5 drives the pulley 52 to rotate through the belt 51, and the pulley drives the screw rod to rotate. After the screw rod 33 rotates, because the launch booster 4 relies on the launch booster 4 The thread at the bottom is engaged with the screw rod, which in turn drives the launch booster forward. The booster sliding grooves 34 provided on both sides of the guide rail slide table 3 clamp the bottom of the launch booster in the booster sliding groove, so that the launch booster can move forward stably. The polished rod installed in parallel with the screw rod plays a guiding role, and of course it also plays a role in making the launch pusher straddle the screw rod and the polished rod in a balanced and stable manner.

In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4 , the hollow cylindrical body 41 is a conical hollow cylindrical body, the diameter of the cross-sectional circle near the front end of the guide rail slide table is small, and the diameter of the cross-sectional circle at the rear end is large. The small end stretches freely. The hollow cylindrical body 41 opened on the upper part of the launch pusher 4 is opened into a conical hollow cylindrical body, which is convenient for the installation of the spring and the spring column on the one hand, and on the other hand, it is also convenient to encapsulate the spring in the hollow cylindrical body through the cover plate.

In this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 , a stop bolt 35 is installed in the rocket sliding groove 34 to prevent the rocket from moving. When the rocket is placed on the guide rail slide 3 , the stop bolt 35 Located in front of the rear slider 18 of the rocket. In this embodiment, when the lead screw 33 rotates to drive the launch booster to move forward, since the rocket is stationary on the guide rail slide 3 by means of the stop bolt 35 before launching, the launch booster 4 is on the thread during launch. Under the action of the rotational force of the rod 33, the hollow spring column 43 and the spring 42 are slid forward to squeeze the hollow spring column 43 and the spring 42. When the thrust of the hollow spring column 43 and the spring 42 to the arrow body 1 is greater than the thrust of the rear slider 18 of the small test rocket to the stop bolt 35 , after pushing down the stop bolt 35, the small rocket slides forward. In this embodiment, the stop bolt 35 includes a screw, the screw is screwed on the bottom of the rocket sliding groove, a spring is sleeved on the top of the screw, and a spring whose top is inclined A hollow cylinder, the inclined surface of the hollow cylinder faces the rear end of the rocket sliding slot. When the spring column and the spring exert thrust on the rocket body, the rear slider of the rocket squeezes the inclined surface of the hollow cylinder of the stop bolt. When the inclined surface is subjected to a thrust of 20kg, the hollow cylinder with the inclined surface at the top presses down, and no longer blocks the launch aid. The pusher slides forward, and when the ramp loses thrust and pressure, the stop bolt 35 rebounds.

In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4 , the front end of the lead screw 33 is not threaded, and a motor toggle switch 36 is installed on the side of the guide rail slide 3 near the end of the lead screw thread. When the launch booster 4 reaches the end of the screw thread, the launch booster triggers the motor toggle switch 36 to turn off the motor. In this embodiment, the front end of the lead screw 33 has no thread at 500 mm. When the launch booster reaches the end of the screw thread, the launch booster 4 triggers the motor toggle switch 36 to turn off the motor 5 . After the motor 5 is turned off, the launch booster 4 moves forward at a speed of about 35m/s. At this time, the motor 5 no longer transmits kinetic energy to the launch booster 4, and the space between the launch booster 4 and the small rocket is compressed. The springs interact, and the spring 42 releases the compression potential energy, which generates a forward thrust on the small rocket, and also gives the launch booster a backward thrust, reducing the forward impact velocity of the launch booster. After that, the speed of the small rocket is greater than that of the booster slider, and it slides forward along the rocket sliding slot and out of the rail slide. The launch booster continues to slide forward by virtue of inertia. Since a compression spring 37 is installed at the front end of the screw rod and the guide rod, the decelerated launch booster hits the compression spring 37, lowering the launch booster. The impact force, the launch booster and the compression spring act several times until the deceleration stops. On the one hand, the function of the anti-compression spring 37 is to decelerate, and on the other hand, it is to prevent the booster from directly hitting the bearing seat at the top of the screw rod, causing damage to the launcher. In this embodiment, the length of the screw is about 5m, the thread of the screw occupies 9/10 of the length of the screw, the force is about 300kg, and the material is 30CrMnSiA.

In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2 , the pitch angle adjustment support rod 211 is a double hydraulic support rod, the upper end of the double hydraulic support rod is hinged with the guide rail slide, and the lower end is hinged with the launcher base. The guide rail slide bracket 212 includes a support frame 213 fixed on the base of the launch frame, and a rotating bracket 214 that can rotate with the angle adjustment of the guide rail slide table is installed on the support frame. The rotating bracket mainly plays the role of supporting the guide rail slide, and can adjust the launch angle of the guide rail slide when the support rod is adjusted in the pitch angle. Better support for rail slides. In this embodiment, the rocket launch base is an aluminum plate, which is fixed on the hard surface through expansion bolts, and the azimuth angle of the rocket launch can be adjusted through the launch base.

In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 9 , the recovery system 16 includes a recovery umbrella bag 161 , an explosion bolt 162 , an umbrella rope hanger 163 , a recovery umbrella rope 164 , a traction rope 165 , and a recovery umbrella cover plate 166 . The recovery umbrella bag 161 is connected with the umbrella rope hanger 163 through the recovery umbrella rope 164, the umbrella rope hanger 163 is fixed in the arrow body 1, the explosion bolt 162 is connected with the recovery umbrella cover plate 166, and the traction The rope 165 is connected to the recovery umbrella cover. When the boost-gliding teaching test rocket flies to the highest point of the predetermined trajectory and tilts downward, the control system sends out a command signal to explode the bolts, which will pop open the recovery umbrella cover. The recovery umbrella cover plate 166 pulls the recovery umbrella bag 161 out of the cabin by pulling the traction rope 165 . The other side of the recovery umbrella bag 161 is connected with a paracord hanger 163 . When the pulling force of the traction rope 165 reaches a predetermined threshold, the traction rope 165 breaks and the recovery umbrella cover 166 is automatically separated from the recovery umbrella bag 161. After that, the recovery umbrella bag is opened, and the rocket body structure of the boost gliding small test rocket is suspended and recovered.

The power launcher of the present invention is mainly used for training and test launching. During normal training and some new technology verification launches, it is guaranteed that there are no safety problems brought about by the gunpowder engine, and the launch cost is also significantly reduced. It can meet most of the requirements of learning, training and research, and it also brings convenience to research.

The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and all technical solutions that belong to the idea of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, some improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention should be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A small-size experimental rocket system of boosting gliding, including the rocket body, including nose cone cabin, equipment cabin, strake wing and tail vane at the rocket body, install satellite antenna, the rudder control box that is used for controlling the tail vane in the equipment cabin, a telemetry module that is used for surveying and mapping the flight of rocket, be used for providing the flight control board of resolving and revising when flying the rocket, be used for providing the group battery of power support for each part in the rocket body, a GPS for providing navigation function for the rocket, a recovery system for retrieving the rocket, its characterized in that: the ground power-assisted launching device comprises a launching frame base, a pitch angle adjusting support rod and a guide rail sliding table bracket are respectively arranged at the front end and the rear end of the launching frame base, the guide rail sliding table is erected on the pitch angle adjusting support rod and the guide rail sliding table bracket, a rocket sliding groove for the rocket to slide forwards is formed in the guide rail sliding table along an intermediate axis, a launching booster for pushing the rocket forwards is arranged at the tail end of the guide rail sliding table, a front sliding block is arranged at the bottom of the rocket body along the front end of the central line, a rear sliding block is arranged at the rear end of the rocket body, and the front sliding block and the rear sliding block slide in the rocket sliding groove;

the upper part of the launching booster is provided with a hollow cylindrical body, a spring is arranged in the hollow cylindrical body, the front end of the spring is sleeved with a hollow spring column with a sealed top end, the hollow spring column can freely stretch out and draw back from the front end surface of the hollow cylindrical body, the sealing end of the hollow spring column is abutted against the bottom of the rocket, the rear end of the spring is packaged at the tail end of the hollow cylindrical body, a polished rod and a lead screw are arranged on the guide rail sliding table in parallel along two sides of the guide rail groove, the polished rod and the lead screw are fixed on the guide rail sliding table through a bearing seat, the bottom of the launching booster is provided with a thread engaged with the thread on the lead screw, two sides of the guide rail sliding table are respectively provided with a booster sliding groove, the bottom of the launching booster stretches across a polished rod and a screw rod, and then two sides of the bottom of the launching booster are clamped in the booster sliding grooves, and the screw rod is connected with a motor;

after a motor connected with the screw rod is started, the motor drives the belt pulley to rotate through a belt, the belt pulley drives the screw rod to rotate, and after the screw rod rotates, the launching booster drives the launching booster to move forwards by means of threads meshed with the screw rod at the bottom of the launching booster.

2. A thrust glide bench-scale rocket system according to claim 1, wherein: the hollow cylindrical body is a conical hollow cylindrical body, the diameter of a section circle close to the front end of the guide rail sliding table is small, the diameter of a section circle at the rear end is large, and the hollow spring column can freely stretch out and draw back from the end with the small diameter of the section circle.

3. A thrust glide bench-scale rocket system according to claim 1, wherein: and a stop bolt for preventing the rocket from moving is arranged in the rocket sliding groove, and when the rocket is placed on the guide rail sliding table, the stop bolt is positioned in front of the rear sliding block of the rocket.

4. A thrust glide bench-scale rocket system according to claim 3, wherein: the stop bolt comprises a screw, the screw is screwed at the bottom of the rocket sliding groove, a spring is sleeved at the top of the screw, a hollow cylinder with an inclined surface at the top end is sleeved outside the spring, and the inclined surface of the hollow cylinder faces the rear end of the rocket sliding groove.

5. A thrust glide bench-scale rocket system according to claim 1, wherein: the lead screw front end is not carved with the screw thread the terminal department that the side of guide rail slip table is close to the lead screw thread has installed motor toggle switch, works as when the transmission boost arrives lead screw thread end, transmission boost trigger motor toggle switch closes the motor.

6. A thrust glide bench-scale rocket system according to claim 1, wherein: and the top ends of the screw rod and the guide rod are provided with anti-collision compression springs.

7. A thrust gliding mini-test rocket system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein: the angle of pitch regulation bracing piece is two hydraulic support rods, the upper end and the guide rail slip table of two hydraulic support rods are articulated, the lower extreme with the launching cradle base is articulated, guide rail slip table bracket includes the support frame of rigid coupling on the launching cradle base the support frame facial make-up is equipped with can be along with guide rail slip table angular adjustment and pivoted rotation bracket.

8. A thrust gliding mini-test rocket system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein: the base of the rocket launching cradle is made of aluminum plate and is fixedly connected to the hard ground through expansion bolts.

9. A thrust gliding mini-test rocket system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein: the recovery system comprises a recovery umbrella bag, an explosion bolt, an umbrella rope hanger, a recovery umbrella rope, a traction rope and a recovery umbrella cover plate, wherein the recovery umbrella bag is connected with the umbrella rope hanger through the recovery umbrella rope, the umbrella rope hanger is fixedly connected in a cylinder body, the explosion bolt is connected with the recovery umbrella cover plate, and the traction rope is connected with the recovery umbrella cover plate.

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