CN111854212A - Stirling refrigerator and assembling method - Google Patents

Stirling refrigerator and assembling method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111854212A
CN111854212A CN202010756187.3A CN202010756187A CN111854212A CN 111854212 A CN111854212 A CN 111854212A CN 202010756187 A CN202010756187 A CN 202010756187A CN 111854212 A CN111854212 A CN 111854212A
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ejector
heat exchanger
disc
end heat
shaped core
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CN111854212B (en
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邓伟峰
赵胡荣
徐军
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Rizhao China Stirling Technology Co ltd
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Rizhao China Stirling Technology Co ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
    • F25B9/14—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the cycle used, e.g. Stirling cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B39/00—Evaporators; Condensers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D3/00—Devices using other cold materials; Devices using cold-storage bodies
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F11/00—Arrangements for sealing leaky tubes and conduits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/04—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates
    • F28F9/06—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates by dismountable joints
    • F28F9/10—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates by dismountable joints by screw-type connections, e.g. gland

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a Stirling refrigerator and an assembling method. The structure of the heat exchanger mainly comprises a cold end heat exchanger, a cold accumulator, a hot end heat exchanger, a radiator, an ejector, a plate spring supporting assembly, a disc-shaped core rod, a sealing cover, an air inlet joint and a vibration reduction structure. The Stirling refrigerator is integrally arranged in a coaxial manner by adopting a cylindrical assembly; the cold end heat exchanger is near the liquid nitrogen temperature (77K), and the hot end heat exchanger is at room temperature; the contact surfaces of the sealing cover and the disc-shaped core rod are respectively provided with corresponding open channels, and gas guide channels which are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction are formed in the first compression cavity; the ejector inner leaf spring support assembly provides sufficient radial support to maintain a clearance seal for ejector movement; and a matched passive vibration damping structure is installed to eliminate the axial vibration of the refrigerator and ensure the reliability of the system. The device has the advantages that the whole structure of the refrigerator is compact, the assembly process is easy to operate, the practicability of the Stirling refrigerator is improved, and the use convenience is enhanced.

Description

Stirling refrigerator and assembling method
The technical field is as follows:
the invention belongs to the field of regenerative cryocoolers, and particularly relates to a Stirling refrigerator and an assembly method thereof.
Background art:
the small-sized regenerative low-temperature refrigerator has wide refrigeration temperature area, high refrigeration efficiency at low temperature, environment-friendly refrigeration working medium and easy adjustment of refrigeration capacity, wherein the pneumatic Stirling refrigerator based on Stirling thermodynamic cycle is adopted to realize the adjustment of refrigeration phase through the movement of the discharger, and the small-sized regenerative low-temperature refrigerator has the advantages of compact structure, high cooling speed, low vibration magnitude, high refrigeration efficiency and the like, thereby having wide application in the fields of aerospace, high-temperature superconduction, infrared detection and biomedicine.
At present, a spring supporting structure of an ejector connecting plate of a Stirling refrigerator is mostly in an external form, namely, a long straight rod is arranged on the end face, close to a hot-end heat exchanger, of the ejector and used for mounting a plate spring assembly, cold accumulation filler is usually arranged inside the ejector, and the Stirling refrigerator with the structure can cause the mass of the ejector to be larger when large cold quantity or ultra-large cold quantity is applied, so that larger plate spring rigidity is needed, the light weight of the refrigerator is not facilitated, and the overall structure is overlarge; moreover, the increase of ejector diameter can lead to the increase of first compression chamber, brings the increase of dead volume, consequently need extend radial guide air flue of setting up in order to reduce the volume of first compression chamber to realize the even purpose that gets into the refrigerator part of working medium gas, however guide air flue is the space both way arrangement, and current machining means is difficult to realize on single part, and the manufacturing cost must further increase again through 3D printing means, is unfavorable for large-batch commercial process.
In consideration of the current situation of the Stirling refrigerator, the invention provides a structure which adopts the coaxial type independent arrangement of the annular cold accumulator and the ejector, and eliminates the problem of large mass caused by the integrated structure of the cold accumulator and the ejector; meanwhile, the external structure of the traditional ejector plate spring is changed into the ejector structure with the internal plate spring, so that the axial size of the ejector is reduced, and the whole refrigerator is more compact; both of these improvements are more significant for large chills with more cold storage fill and larger ejector size, as well as for very large-cold stirling coolers, than for medium-small cold stirling coolers. In addition, the invention also provides a split type flow guide air passage structure and an assembly method, so that the mechanical processing difficulty is greatly reduced while the internal dead volume of the first compression cavity is reduced, the processing cost is reduced, and the production efficiency is improved.
The invention content is as follows:
the invention aims to provide a Stirling refrigerator and an assembly method, and solves the problems that an ejector of the existing large-cold-quantity regenerative Stirling low-temperature refrigerator is large in mass and volume and a compression cavity is overlarge in dead volume.
A Stirling refrigerator device mainly comprises a cold end heat exchanger 100, a cold accumulator 200, a diversion screen 300, a hot end heat exchanger 400, an ejector 500, a disc-shaped core rod 601, a sealing cover 602 and a vibration reduction structure 700; the method is characterized in that:
the Stirling refrigerator is of a coaxial structure, and the cold end heat exchanger 100 is hermetically connected with the cold accumulator shell 201 in a vacuum brazing mode; a diversion screen 300 structure with waist holes uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction is adopted between the cold accumulator 200 and the hot end heat exchanger 400, and the diversion screen 300 is positioned in the radial direction and the axial direction through a cold accumulator shell 201 and a radiating block 401; the hot-end heat exchanger 400 is coaxially and tightly matched with the radiating block 401 to ensure a good heat exchange effect; o-shaped sealing rings are adopted for sealing between the disc-shaped core rod 601 and the hot end heat exchanger 400 and between the disc-shaped core rod 601 and the sealing cover 602, and screws are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction for locking; non-contact clearance seals are arranged between the ejector 500 and the inner wall 202 of the regenerator as well as between the ejector 500 and the disc-shaped core rod 601, and a front plate spring assembly 504 and a rear plate spring assembly 506 which are fixed on the disc-shaped core rod 601 inside the ejector 500 provide radial rigidity for the ejector 500 to maintain the axial non-wear reciprocating motion of the ejector 500; the ejector sleeve 502 and the ejector framework 501 are connected and sealed in an adhesive manner; an air inlet joint 603 is arranged on the side surface of the sealing cover 602, and the joint is sealed by vacuum brazing; a passive damping structure 700, which is composed of a mass 701, three damping plate springs 702 and a washer 703, is fixed on the center rod at the end of the cover 602.
The inside of the cold end heat exchanger 100 is of a linear cutting linear slit structure, the width range of the slits is 0.3-0.5 mm, and the number range of the slits is 30-50.
The regenerator 200 is an annular cylindrical structure, the internal filler is an annular stainless steel wire mesh, the wire diameter range is 0.15 um-0.3 um, the mesh specification comprises four types of 220#, 300#, 350# and 400#, and the porosity range of the filler is 0.65-0.80.
The interior of the hot end heat exchanger 400 is of a linear cutting linear slit type structure, the width range of the slits is 0.3-0.5 mm, and the number range of the slits is 50-70.
A series of waist-shaped through holes are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction on the diversion screen 300, and the central line positions of the waist-shaped holes correspond to the inlet of the regenerator 200 and the slit outlet of the hot-end heat exchanger 400; the size of the waist-shaped hole is consistent with the radial thickness of the cold accumulator 200 and the length of the slit of the hot end heat exchanger 400.
Open channels with the same diameter and length and the same number are processed on the contact surfaces of the disc-shaped core rod 601 and the sealing cover 602, a waist-shaped hole is formed at the position, corresponding to the slit of the hot-end heat exchanger 400, of the tail end of the open channel on the disc-shaped core rod 601, and the size of the waist-shaped hole is consistent with the length of the slit of the hot-end heat exchanger 400; when the disc-shaped core rod 601 is hermetically connected with the sealing cover 602, the inside of the first compression cavity 801 forms a flow guide air passage radially arranged from the center to the periphery, so that the working medium gas uniformly enters the slit of the hot-end heat exchanger 400, and the dead volume of the first compression cavity 801 is reduced.
An ejector framework inner sleeve 503 of the ejector 500 is made of wear-resistant and self-lubricating non-metallic material PA to ensure no wear relative movement under the condition of sealing a gap between the ejector framework inner sleeve and the metal disc-shaped core rod 601; the ejector framework 501 is provided with the plate spring assembly 504 in a circumferential screw joint fixing mode, in order to ensure the reliability of radial support, two groups of plate spring structures which are distributed along the axial direction and have certain distance are adopted, and an I-shaped cylindrical plate spring support 505 is arranged in the middle for fixed connection; the ejector sleeve 502 is made of wear-resistant and self-lubricating non-metallic material PA, ensures no wear relative movement under clearance sealing with the regenerator inner wall 202, and is in adhesive sealing with the ejector skeleton 501.
The vibration reduction structure 700 is fixedly connected to the vibration absorption mechanism through threads based on a passive vibration absorption principleOn the center rod at the end of the cap 602, the single leaf damper plate spring 702 has an axial stiffness KmThe number of the sheets N and the dynamic mass M of the damping structure are determined by the following calculation formula:
Figure BDA0002611338960000031
wherein f is the working frequency of the Stirling refrigerator, and lambda is an adaptive factor, which represents the deviation degree between the theoretical optimal vibration absorption frequency and the actual working frequency. The molded lines of the damping plate spring 702 are uniformly distributed by 3-4 Archimedes spiral lines, and the uniformity of the molded lines is favorable for reducing the stress concentration of the plate spring.
The assembly method of the Stirling refrigerator device comprises the following steps:
I. under the assistance of a positioning tool, matching a regenerator outer shell 201 with a cold end heat exchanger 100, performing vacuum brazing sealing at an outer connection position, inserting a regenerator inner wall 202 into the cold end heat exchanger 100 after checking the air tightness of a welding seam, simultaneously ensuring that the coaxiality of the regenerator inner wall 202 and the regenerator outer shell 201 is not more than 0.03mm by using an external positioning tool, and then fixing the regenerator inner wall 202 and the cold end heat exchanger 100 through a small amount of low-temperature epoxy glue;
II. Filling a certain specific-specification wire mesh in the regenerator 200 to ensure that the porosity is within the porosity range after actual filling, sequentially installing the guide screen 300 and the radiating block 401 after filling, performing vacuum brazing sealing connection at the joint of the radiating block 401 and the regenerator shell 201 under the assistance of a positioning tool and checking the air tightness, and then installing the hot-end heat exchanger 400, wherein the radial position of the hot-end heat exchanger is limited by the inner wall 202 of the regenerator and the inner diameter of the radiating block 401;
III, adhering an ejector framework inner sleeve 503 on the inner surface of the ejector framework 501 by using room-temperature epoxy glue, ensuring that the coaxiality of the inner sleeve 503 and the outer diameter of the ejector framework 501 is not more than 0.03mm through an auxiliary tool, installing each plate spring on the ejector framework 501 one by one after the glue is dried, installing a large washer and a small washer with the same thickness between the adjacent plate springs, and adopting aluminum alloy materials for the two washers to reduce the mass of the ejector 500; after the first group of plate springs 504 are installed, a plate spring framework 505 is installed on the first group of plate springs 504, the first group of plate springs 504 are circumferentially and uniformly screwed and fixed, then a second group of plate springs 506 are installed in a mode of installing the first group of plate springs 504, and then all the plate spring assemblies 504 and 506 are locked in a threaded mode through nuts at the tail ends of the disc-shaped core rods 601; finally, the ejector sleeve 502 is sleeved on the ejector framework 501 and fixedly connected through gluing.
IV, the disc-shaped core rod 601 assembly provided with the discharger 500 is installed in the inner wall 202 of the cold accumulator, the step surfaces of the periphery of the disc-shaped core rod 202 are respectively contacted with the radiating block 401 and the hot end heat exchanger 400, and the contact surfaces of the disc-shaped core rod 601 and the radiating block 401 are tightly pressed by uniformly and tightly distributing screws of the disc-shaped core rod 601 and the radiating block 401 through proper tolerance control; the end face sealing groove of the radiating block 401 is sealed by an adaptive rubber ring;
v, inserting the air inlet connector 603 into the sealing cover 602 from the side direction, performing vacuum brazing sealing on the outer matching surface and checking air tightness, then matching and mounting the sealing cover 602 and the disc-shaped core rod 601, enabling the open channels of the matching end surface to correspond to the flow guide air holes with the circular cross sections one by one in the mounting process, finally locking the disc-shaped core rod 601 and the sealing cover 602 at the periphery through uniformly distributed screws, and sealing the end surface sealing groove of the disc-shaped core rod 601 by using an adaptive rubber ring.
VI, uniformly distributing and screwing a certain number of damping plate springs 702 and corresponding damping mass blocks 701 at the periphery, and then fixedly connecting the damping structure 700 with the cover 602 through a threaded central rod.
VII, filling helium gas of 1.5MPa into the Stirling refrigerator to check the air tightness of the pulse tube refrigerator, and ensuring that the leakage rate is lower than 1 x 10-6Pa·m3/s。
The invention has the advantages that: the coaxial Stirling refrigerator mechanism with the independent ejector and the annular cold accumulator is provided for solving the technical problems of insufficient structure and insufficient technology of the existing Stirling refrigerator, and is suitable for application requirements of large cold quantity and ultra-large cold quantity. The ejector adopts a built-in structure of the plate spring assembly, so that an external structure of a plate spring rod of the traditional ejector is eliminated, the axial size is reduced, and the structural compactness of the refrigerator is improved; meanwhile, the processing of the radial flow guide air passage in the compression cavity is realized in a split open channel groove mode, the processing difficulty and cost are greatly reduced, and the dead volume of the compression cavity is reduced.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is an overall sectional structure of a Stirling refrigerator according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the flow of the working fluid gas inside the Stirling refrigerator according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cold side heat exchanger configuration of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flow directing screen construction of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a hot side heat exchanger configuration of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is an ejector internal leaf spring configuration of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a disk core bar construction of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a closure (with air inlet fitting) configuration according to the present invention;
figure 9 is a damper plate spring configuration of the present invention.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
As shown in fig. 1, a stirling cryocooler device mainly includes a cold-end heat exchanger 100, a cold accumulator 200, a baffle screen 300, a hot-end heat exchanger 400, an ejector 500, a disk-shaped core rod 601, a cover 602, and a vibration damping structure 700.
The Stirling refrigerator is of a coaxial structure, and the cold end heat exchanger 100 is hermetically connected with the cold accumulator shell 201 in a vacuum brazing mode; a diversion screen 300 structure with waist holes uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction is adopted between the cold accumulator 200 and the hot end heat exchanger 400, and the diversion screen 300 is positioned in the radial direction and the axial direction through a cold accumulator shell 201 and a radiating block 401; the hot-end heat exchanger 400 is coaxially and tightly matched with the radiating block 401 to ensure a good heat exchange effect; o-shaped sealing rings are adopted for sealing between the disc-shaped core rod 601 and the hot end heat exchanger 400 and between the disc-shaped core rod 601 and the sealing cover 602, and screws are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction for locking; non-contact clearance seals are arranged between the ejector 500 and the inner wall 202 of the regenerator as well as between the ejector 500 and the disc-shaped core rod 601, and a front plate spring assembly 504 and a rear plate spring assembly 506 which are fixed on the disc-shaped core rod 601 inside the ejector 500 provide radial rigidity for the ejector 500 to maintain the axial non-wear reciprocating motion of the ejector 500; the ejector sleeve 502 and the ejector framework 501 are connected and sealed in an adhesive manner; an air inlet joint 603 is arranged on the side surface of the sealing cover 602, and the joint is sealed by vacuum brazing; a passive damping structure 700, which is composed of a mass 701, three damping plate springs 702 and a washer 703, is fixed on the center rod at the end of the cover 602.
As shown in fig. 2, refrigerant gas enters a first compression cavity 801 through an air inlet joint 603, enters a slit of a hot-end heat exchanger 400 through a flow guide air passage after being compressed, and is discharged through a heat dissipation block 401, so that a pre-cooling effect is achieved; then enters the annular cold accumulator 200 through the diversion screen 300 structure, and fully exchanges heat in a porous medium consisting of a stainless steel wire mesh, so that the temperature is further reduced; the gas is fluidized in the middle layer of the slit of the cold end heat exchanger 100, turns 180 degrees, enters the expansion cavity to expand 803 to absorb heat and generate refrigeration effect; along with the movement of the discharger 500, the working medium gas after heat absorption reversely flows according to the process and finally returns to the first compression cavity 801 to complete a thermodynamic cycle; the working medium gas which passes through the first compression cavity 801 guide gas channel enters the second compression cavity 802 between the disc-shaped core rod 601 and the ejector framework 501, and enters the hot end heat exchanger 400 after being secondarily compressed by the ejector 500, so that the pressure ratio of the compression cavity is improved, and the refrigerating capacity is favorably improved.
As shown in fig. 3, the cold end heat exchanger 100 is made of red copper, the inside of the cold end heat exchanger is of a linear cutting linear slit structure, the width of each slit is 0.5mm, the depth of each slit is 15mm, the number of the slits is 48, and chamfers of 0.5mm multiplied by 45 degrees are machined at the boss on the outer side surface of the cold end heat exchanger 100, so that the brazing sealing is facilitated.
The cold accumulator 200 is of an annular cylindrical structure, a cold accumulator shell 201 is made of stainless steel, an inner wall 202 of the cold accumulator is made of engineering plastics, and the outer edge of the upper end of the cold accumulator shell 201 is provided with a 0.5mm multiplied by 45 DEG chamfer angle for facilitating brazing sealing with the cold end heat exchanger 100; the filler in the regenerator 200 is a ring-shaped stainless steel wire mesh with a wire diameter of 0.25um and a mesh specification of 350#, and the actual filling porosity is 0.78.
As shown in fig. 4, the diversion screen 300 is made of stainless steel, and 18 waist-shaped through holes with a radius of 3.5mm and a center hole distance of 5mm are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction. Each kidney-shaped hole is opposite to the inlet of the cold accumulator 200 and the outlet of the slit of the hot end heat exchanger 400, so that the working medium gas can fully and uniformly pass through the heat exchanger.
As shown in fig. 5, the hot-end heat exchanger 400 is made of red copper, and has a linear cutting linear slit structure inside, wherein the width of the slit is 0.35mm, the depth of the slit is 45mm, and the number of the slits is 64;
the ejector framework 501 of the ejector is made of stainless steel, and the ejector framework inner sleeve 503 and the ejector sleeve 502 are made of wear-resistant and self-lubricating non-metallic materials PA; the internal plate spring assembly of the ejector 500 comprises two groups of plate springs 504 and 506 which are connected and fixed with a plate spring framework 505 structure in the middle; as shown in fig. 6, all the plate springs are of uniform specification, the thickness of each plate spring is 1mm, and four hollowed-out molded lines uniformly distributed with archimedes spiral lines are machined on the surface in a linear cutting mode; considering that the mass of the ejector 500 is mostly concentrated on the ejector skeleton 501 side, in order to improve the radial support strength, 6 plate springs are used near the ejector skeleton 501 side, and 3 plate springs are used far from the ejector skeleton 501 side, and the total axial stiffness of all the plate springs is 96000N/m; a large gasket with the thickness of 1mm and a small gasket with the thickness of 1mm are respectively arranged between the adjacent plate springs; the upper and lower groups of plate springs are peripherally fixed with the middle plate spring framework 505 in a peripheral screw connection mode, and the diameter of a central hole in the inner periphery of each plate spring group is the same as the diameter of the thinnest rod of the disc-shaped core rod 601; in order to reduce the mass of the plate spring framework 505, through holes with the diameter of 5mm are uniformly processed along the circumferential direction on the side surface of the plate spring framework, and the number of the through holes is 12.
As shown in fig. 7, open channels are radially and uniformly distributed on the surface of the large end of the disc-shaped core rod 601, the starting end of each channel is consistent with the edge of the inner surface of the sealing cover 602, the width of each channel is 4mm, the tail end of each channel is consistent with the tail end of the slit of the hot-end heat exchanger 400, and the tail end of each open channel is provided with a waist-shaped hole with the same length as the slit at the position aligned with the slit of the hot-end heat exchanger 400, the diameter of each waist-shaped hole is 4mm, and; the center of the disc-shaped core rod 601 is coaxially provided with a variable cross-section rod, wherein the diameter of the cross-section enlarged rod is in clearance fit with the inner diameter of an ejector framework inner sleeve 503, the single-side clearance is 25 mu m, and the rod length meets the requirement that the ejector framework 501 does not touch the end surface of the disc-shaped core rod 601 and can not run out of the upper end surface of the rod all the time when the ejector 500 axially reciprocates; the tapered rod has the same diameter as the inner diameter of the leaf spring assemblies 504 and 506 and the inner washer and has an axial length slightly exceeding the plane of the end of the leaf spring assembly 506 to facilitate installation of the shafting lock nut.
As shown in fig. 8, the side surface of the sealing cover 602 is connected with the air inlet joint 603 in a vacuum brazing sealing manner to form a sealing cover assembly structure 604, the inner diameter of the air inlet joint 603 is 12mm, and a rounded structure with a radius of 6mm is processed on the inner surface of the first compression cavity 801 at the same height as the air inlet joint 603 so as to reduce the flow loss when the working medium gas enters the first compression cavity 801 and turns 90 degrees; open channels which are uniformly distributed radially along the radial direction are processed on the surface of the large end of the sealing cover 602, the starting end of each channel is consistent with the edge of the inner surface of the sealing cover 602, the width of each channel is 4mm, and the positions of the tail sections of the channels are consistent with the positions of the tail sections of the open channels on the disc-shaped core rod 601, so that all the vertically corresponding open channels can be spliced to form a circular-section flow guide air passage after the sealing cover 602 and the disc-shaped core rod 601 are installed in a matched manner; in order to reduce the flow loss of the working medium gas in the diversion gas passage due to the turning, a proper rounding structure is processed at the turning position, as shown in figure 1.
In the vibration damping structure 700, the mass block 701 is 8mm thick, 120mm in diameter and 0.8kg in mass; as shown in fig. 9, the damping plate springs 702 are all of uniform specification, each plate spring is 2.5mm thick, 2 symmetrically and uniformly distributed hollow molded lines in the form of archimedes spiral lines are machined on the surface in a linear cutting manner, the number of the hollow molded lines is 3, and adjacent plate springs are separated by a certain distance through an aluminum alloy washer 703 with the same outer diameter as the damping plate spring, so that the damping plate springs 702 are ensured not to generate mechanical interference under a large stroke; the whole damping structure 700 is fixedly connected to the central rod at the tail end of the sealing cover 602 through threads, and the axial stiffness K of the single damping plate spring 702m24000N/M, the number of plates N is 3, the dynamic mass M of the damping structure 700 is 0.8kg, the adaptation factor λ is 1.05, and the following formula is substituted:
Figure BDA0002611338960000081
the theoretical calculated operating frequency of the Stirling refrigerator is obtained to be 50 Hz.
The specific assembly implementation method of the Stirling refrigerator device comprises the following steps:
I. under the assistance of a positioning tool, matching a regenerator outer shell 201 with a cold end heat exchanger 100, performing vacuum brazing sealing at an outer connection position, inserting a regenerator inner wall 202 into the cold end heat exchanger 100 after checking the air tightness of a welding seam, simultaneously ensuring that the coaxiality of the regenerator inner wall 202 and the regenerator outer shell 201 is not more than 0.03mm by using an external positioning tool, and then fixing the regenerator inner wall 202 and the cold end heat exchanger 100 through a small amount of low-temperature epoxy glue;
II. Filling a stainless steel wire mesh with the wire diameter of 0.23um in the regenerator 200, wherein the porosity is about 0.785 after actual filling, after filling, successively installing a flow guide screen 300 and a radiating block 401, performing vacuum brazing sealing connection at the joint of the radiating block 401 and the regenerator shell 201 under the assistance of a positioning tool and checking the air tightness, and then installing a hot end heat exchanger 400, wherein the radial position of the hot end heat exchanger is limited by the inner wall 202 of the regenerator and the inner diameter of the radiating block 401; III, adhering an ejector framework inner sleeve 503 on the inner surface of the ejector framework 501 by using room-temperature epoxy glue, ensuring that the coaxiality of the inner sleeve 503 and the outer diameter of the ejector framework 501 is not more than 0.03mm through an auxiliary tool, installing each plate spring on the ejector framework 501 one by one after the glue is dried, installing a large washer and a small washer with the same thickness between the adjacent plate springs, and adopting aluminum alloy materials for the two washers to reduce the mass of the ejector 500; after the first group of plate springs 504 are installed, a plate spring framework 505 is installed on the first group of plate springs 504, the first group of plate springs 504 are circumferentially and uniformly screwed and fixed, then a second group of plate springs 506 are installed in a mode of installing the first group of plate springs 504, and then all the plate spring assemblies 504 and 506 are locked in a threaded mode through nuts at the tail ends of the disc-shaped core rods 601; finally, the ejector sleeve 502 is sleeved on the ejector framework 501 and fixedly connected through gluing.
IV, the disc-shaped core rod 601 assembly provided with the discharger 500 is installed in the inner wall 202 of the cold accumulator, the step surfaces of the periphery of the disc-shaped core rod 202 are respectively contacted with the radiating block 401 and the hot end heat exchanger 400, and the contact surfaces of the disc-shaped core rod 601 and the radiating block 401 are tightly pressed by uniformly and tightly distributing screws of the disc-shaped core rod 601 and the radiating block 401 through proper tolerance control; the end face sealing groove of the radiating block 401 is sealed by an adaptive rubber ring;
v, inserting the air inlet connector 603 into the sealing cover 602 from the side direction, performing vacuum brazing sealing on the outer matching surface and checking air tightness, then matching and mounting the sealing cover 602 and the disc-shaped core rod 601, enabling the open channels of the matching end surface to correspond to the flow guide air holes with the circular cross sections one by one in the mounting process, finally locking the disc-shaped core rod 601 and the sealing cover 602 at the periphery through uniformly distributed screws, and sealing the end surface sealing groove of the disc-shaped core rod 601 by using an adaptive rubber ring.
VI, 3 damping plate springs 702 and a 0.8kg damping mass 701 are uniformly distributed and screwed and fixed on the periphery, and then the damping structure 700 is fixedly connected with the sealing cover 602 through a threaded central rod.
VII, filling helium gas of 1.5MPa into the Stirling refrigerator to check the air tightness of the pulse tube refrigerator, and ensuring that the leakage rate is lower than 1 x 10-6Pa·m3/s。
Finally, it should be noted that: it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

Claims (9)

1. A Stirling refrigerator device mainly comprises a cold-end heat exchanger (100), a cold accumulator (200), a diversion screen (300), a hot-end heat exchanger (400), an ejector (500), a disc-shaped core rod (601), a sealing cover (602) and a vibration reduction structure (700); the method is characterized in that:
the Stirling refrigerator is of a coaxial structure, and the cold end heat exchanger (100) is hermetically connected with the cold accumulator shell (201) in a vacuum brazing mode; a flow guide sieve (300) structure with circumferentially uniformly distributed waist holes is adopted between the cold accumulator (200) and the hot end heat exchanger (400), and the flow guide sieve (300) is positioned radially and axially through a cold accumulator shell (201) and a radiating block (401); the hot-end heat exchanger (400) is coaxially and tightly matched with the radiating block (401) to ensure good heat exchange effect; o-shaped sealing rings are adopted to seal between the disc-shaped core rod (601) and the hot end heat exchanger (400) and between the disc-shaped core rod (601) and the sealing cover (602), and screws are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction for locking; non-contact clearance seals are respectively arranged between the ejector (500) and the inner wall (202) of the cold accumulator and between the ejector (500) and the disc-shaped core rod (601), and a front plate spring assembly (504) and a rear plate spring assembly (506) which are fixed on the disc-shaped core rod (601) in the ejector (500) provide radial rigidity for the ejector (500) to maintain the ejector (500) to do reciprocating motion without abrasion in the axial direction; the ejector sleeve (502) and the ejector framework (501) are connected and sealed in an adhesive mode; an air inlet joint (603) is arranged on the side surface of the sealing cover (602), and the joint is sealed by vacuum brazing; a passive damping structure (700) is fixed on a central rod at the tail end of the sealing cover (602) and consists of a mass block (701), three damping plate springs (702) and a gasket (703).
2. A stirling cooler device in accordance with claim 1, wherein: the inside of the cold end heat exchanger (100) is of a linear cutting linear slit type structure, the width range of the slits is 0.3-0.5 mm, and the number range of the slits is 30-50.
3. A stirling cooler device in accordance with claim 1, wherein: the cold accumulator (200) is of an annular cylindrical structure, the internal filler is an annular stainless steel wire mesh, the wire diameter range is 0.15-0.3 um, the mesh specification comprises four types, namely 220#, 300#, 350# and 400#, and the porosity range of the filler is 0.65-0.80.
4. A stirling cooler device in accordance with claim 1, wherein: the interior of the hot end heat exchanger (400) is of a linear cutting linear slit type structure, the width range of the slits is 0.3-0.5 mm, and the number range of the slits is 50-70.
5. A stirling cooler device in accordance with claim 1, wherein: a series of waist-shaped through holes are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction on the flow guide sieve (300), and the central line positions of the waist-shaped holes correspond to the inlet of the regenerator (200) and the slit outlet of the hot-end heat exchanger (400); the size of the waist-shaped hole is consistent with the radial thickness of the cold accumulator (200) and the slit length of the hot end heat exchanger (400).
6. A stirling cooler device in accordance with claim 1, wherein: open channels with the same diameter and length and the same number are processed on the contact surfaces of the disc-shaped core rod (601) and the sealing cover (602), a waist-shaped hole is formed in the position, corresponding to the slit of the hot end heat exchanger (400), of the tail end of the open channel on the disc-shaped core rod (601), and the size of the waist-shaped hole is consistent with the length of the slit of the hot end heat exchanger (400); when the disc-shaped core rod (601) is connected with the sealing cover (602) in a sealing mode, the flow guide air passages radially arranged from the center to the periphery are formed inside the first compression cavity (801), so that working medium gas uniformly enters the slits of the hot-end heat exchanger (400), and meanwhile the dead volume of the first compression cavity (801) is reduced.
7. A stirling cooler device in accordance with claim 1, wherein: an ejector framework inner sleeve (503) of the ejector (500) is made of wear-resistant and self-lubricating non-metallic material PA to ensure no wear relative movement under clearance sealing with the metal disc-shaped core rod (601); the ejector framework (501) is provided with the plate spring assembly (504) in a circumferential screw joint fixing mode, in order to ensure the reliability of radial support, two groups of plate spring structures which are distributed along the axial direction and have certain distance are adopted, and an I-shaped cylindrical plate spring support (505) is arranged in the middle of the ejector framework for fixed connection; the ejector sleeve (502) is made of wear-resistant and self-lubricating non-metallic material PA, so that abrasion-free relative movement under clearance sealing with the inner wall (202) of the regenerator is guaranteed, and the ejector sleeve and the ejector framework (501) are sealed in an adhesive mode.
8. A stirling system in accordance with claim 1Cooler device, its characterized in that: the vibration reduction structure (700) is fixedly connected to a center rod at the tail end of the sealing cover (602) through threads on the basis of a passive vibration absorption principle, and the axial stiffness K of the single vibration reduction plate spring (702)mThe number of the sheets N and the dynamic mass M of the damping structure are determined by the following calculation formula:
Figure FDA0002611338950000021
wherein f is the working frequency of the Stirling refrigerator, and lambda is an adaptive factor representing the degree of deviation between the theoretical optimal vibration absorption frequency and the actual working frequency; the molded lines of the damping plate spring (702) are uniformly distributed by 3-4 Archimedes spiral lines, and the uniformity of the distributed lines is favorable for reducing the stress concentration of the plate spring.
9. A method of assembling a stirling cooler device in accordance with claim 3, comprising the steps of:
I. under the assistance of a positioning tool, a cold accumulator shell (201) is matched with a cold end heat exchanger (100), vacuum brazing sealing is carried out at the outer connecting position, after the air tightness of a welding seam is checked, the inner wall (202) of the cold accumulator is inserted into the cold end heat exchanger (100), meanwhile, the coaxiality of the inner wall (202) of the cold accumulator and the cold accumulator shell (201) is not more than 0.03mm is ensured by using an external positioning tool, and then the inner wall (202) of the cold accumulator is fixed with the cold end heat exchanger (100) through a small amount of low-temperature epoxy glue;
II. Filling a certain specific specification wire mesh which meets the wire mesh parameter range of claim 3 in a regenerator (200), ensuring that the porosity is in the porosity range of claim 3 after actual filling, sequentially installing a guide screen (300) and a radiating block (401) after filling, performing vacuum brazing sealing connection at the joint of the radiating block (401) and a regenerator shell (201) under the assistance of a positioning tool and checking the air tightness, and then installing a hot end heat exchanger (400), wherein the radial position of the hot end heat exchanger is limited by the inner wall (202) of the regenerator and the inner diameter of the radiating block (401);
III, adhering an inner sleeve (503) of the ejector framework to the inner surface of the ejector framework (501) by using room-temperature epoxy glue, ensuring that the coaxiality of the outer diameters of the inner sleeve (503) and the ejector framework (501) is not more than 0.03mm through an auxiliary tool, installing each plate spring on the ejector framework (501) one by one after the glue is dried, installing a large gasket and a small gasket which are the same in thickness between the adjacent plate springs, and adopting aluminum alloy materials for the two gaskets to reduce the mass of the ejector (500); after the first group of plate springs (504) are installed, a plate spring framework (505) is installed on the first group of plate springs (504) and fixed through circumferentially uniform distribution and screwing, then a second group of plate springs (506) are installed in a mode of installing the first group of plate springs (504), and then all the plate spring assemblies (504) and (506) are locked through nuts at the tail ends of the disc-shaped core rods (601); and finally, sleeving the ejector sleeve (502) on the ejector framework (501) and fixedly connecting the ejector sleeve and the ejector framework in an adhesive manner.
IV, a disc-shaped core rod (601) assembly provided with the ejector (500) is installed in the inner wall (202) of the cold accumulator, the step surfaces of the periphery of the disc-shaped core rod (601) are respectively contacted with the heat dissipation block (401) and the hot end heat exchanger (400), and the contact surfaces of the disc-shaped core rod (601) and the hot end heat exchanger (400) are tightly pressed by uniformly distributing and locking screws of the disc-shaped core rod (601) and the heat dissipation block (401) through proper tolerance control; an adaptive rubber ring is used for sealing the end face sealing groove of the heat dissipation block (401);
v, inserting an air inlet connector (603) into a sealing cover (602) from the side direction, performing vacuum brazing sealing on the outer matching surface and checking air tightness, then matching and mounting the sealing cover (602) and a disc-shaped core rod (601), enabling open channels of the matching end surface to correspond to flow guide air holes with circular cross sections one by one in the mounting process, finally locking the disc-shaped core rod (601) and the sealing cover (602) at the periphery through uniformly distributed screws, and sealing the end surface sealing groove of the disc-shaped core rod (601) by using an adaptive rubber ring;
VI, uniformly distributing and screwing a certain number of damping plate springs (702) and corresponding damping masses (701) of claim 8 on the periphery, and then fixedly connecting the damping structure (700) with the cover (602) through the threaded central rod;
VII, filling helium gas of 1.5MPa into the Stirling refrigerator to check the air tightness of the pulse tube refrigerator, and ensuring that the leakage rate is lower than 1 x 10-6Pa·m3/s。
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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2001248929A (en) * 2000-03-07 2001-09-14 Sumitomo Heavy Ind Ltd Cold accumulator type refrigeration unit
CN1959298A (en) * 2006-11-24 2007-05-09 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 Stirling refrigerating machine being as cold source of low temperature refrigerator
JP4765861B2 (en) * 2006-09-19 2011-09-07 いすゞ自動車株式会社 Stirling engine for vehicles
CN106196686A (en) * 2016-06-29 2016-12-07 武汉高德红外股份有限公司 Integral-type Stirling refrigerator
CN106225289A (en) * 2016-07-27 2016-12-14 武汉高芯科技有限公司 Proportional direction valve Stirling decompressor and refrigeration machine thereof
CN207865748U (en) * 2018-01-25 2018-09-14 武汉高芯科技有限公司 Linear sterlin refrigerator

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2001248929A (en) * 2000-03-07 2001-09-14 Sumitomo Heavy Ind Ltd Cold accumulator type refrigeration unit
JP4765861B2 (en) * 2006-09-19 2011-09-07 いすゞ自動車株式会社 Stirling engine for vehicles
CN1959298A (en) * 2006-11-24 2007-05-09 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 Stirling refrigerating machine being as cold source of low temperature refrigerator
CN106196686A (en) * 2016-06-29 2016-12-07 武汉高德红外股份有限公司 Integral-type Stirling refrigerator
CN106225289A (en) * 2016-07-27 2016-12-14 武汉高芯科技有限公司 Proportional direction valve Stirling decompressor and refrigeration machine thereof
CN207865748U (en) * 2018-01-25 2018-09-14 武汉高芯科技有限公司 Linear sterlin refrigerator

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