CN111851731B - Assembled steel structure and design method thereof - Google Patents
Assembled steel structure and design method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111851731B CN111851731B CN202010754937.3A CN202010754937A CN111851731B CN 111851731 B CN111851731 B CN 111851731B CN 202010754937 A CN202010754937 A CN 202010754937A CN 111851731 B CN111851731 B CN 111851731B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/343—Structures characterised by movable, separable, or collapsible parts, e.g. for transport
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/10—Geometric CAD
- G06F30/13—Architectural design, e.g. computer-aided architectural design [CAAD] related to design of buildings, bridges, landscapes, production plants or roads
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F2119/00—Details relating to the type or aim of the analysis or the optimisation
- G06F2119/14—Force analysis or force optimisation, e.g. static or dynamic forces
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Abstract
The invention discloses an assembly type steel structure and a design method thereof, which belong to the technical field of assembly type buildings, and are characterized in that a first transverse guide member comprises a first transverse guide member guide rod adopting an L-shaped rod or a straight rod, a vertical limit bearing, a horizontal limit bearing and a rotating cylinder body are arranged at the right end of the transverse guide member; the rotating cylinder includes: the horizontal disc, the vertical connecting rod and the rotating column body; the horizontal disc is arranged in a vertical limiting bearing, the vertical limiting bearing comprises an upper limiting component and a lower limiting component, and the horizontal disc is arranged in a space between the upper limiting component and the lower limiting component; the horizontal disc and the rotating column body are connected into a whole through a vertical connecting rod; the left end of the first lateral guide member guide bar is fixed to the right surface of the vertical plate. By adopting the assembly type steel structure and the design method thereof, different design performance targets of designers can be met.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of assembly type buildings and the like, in particular to an assembly type steel structure and a design method thereof.
Background
The application of "an assembled wall and assembled mixed wall" on the same day discloses: which is arranged between the first structure and the second structure; the first structure is an upper beam, and the second structure is a lower beam; the method comprises the following steps: the device comprises a top moving platform, a moving unit and a friction unit; the top moving platform is connected with the first structure, and the friction unit is connected with the second structure.
This application achieves "as the displacement increases, the damping increases; the damping is reduced along with the reduction of the displacement, however, the contact surface of the transverse guide member and the fixed block can only be a straight line. Therefore, it limits the spread and use of this solution.
How to further improve the scheme is a problem worthy of study.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention aims to provide an assembled steel structure and a design method thereof, which overcome the disadvantages of the prior art.
An assembled steel structure comprising: the friction damping wall is arranged between the upper steel beam and the lower steel beam; the method comprises the following steps: the device comprises a top moving platform, a moving unit and a friction unit;
the top moving platform is fixedly connected with the upper steel beam; the top moving platform comprises: the platform comprises a platform body and a transverse movement guide space; the lateral shifting guide space is "T" style of calligraphy, includes: a left guide groove, a right guide groove and a middle moving space; the left guide groove and the right guide groove are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the middle moving space; the middle moving space is arranged between the left guide groove and the right guide groove;
wherein the mobile unit comprises: the device comprises a left transverse guide rod, a right transverse guide rod, a vertical plate, a first friction plate, a spring assembly and a first transverse guide member; the first friction plate is fixedly connected with the top moving platform and is distributed on the right side of the vertical plate; the top of the vertical plate is fixedly provided with a left transverse guide rod and a right transverse guide rod which are distributed in the left guide groove and the right guide groove;
the first friction plate and the vertical plate are arranged in parallel, and the spring assembly is arranged between the first friction plate and the vertical plate;
the first transverse guide component comprises a first transverse guide component guide rod adopting an L-shaped rod or a straight rod, a vertical limit bearing and a horizontal limit bearing arranged at the right end of the transverse guide component, and a rotating cylinder; the rotating cylinder includes: the horizontal disc, the vertical connecting rod and the rotating column body; the horizontal disc is arranged in a vertical limiting bearing, the vertical limiting bearing comprises an upper limiting component and a lower limiting component, and the horizontal disc is arranged in a space between the upper limiting component and the lower limiting component; the horizontal disc and the rotating column body are connected into a whole through a vertical connecting rod; the left end part of the guide rod of the first transverse guide member is fixed on the right surface of the vertical plate;
wherein the friction unit includes: the horizontal structure, the second friction plate and the first fixed block body; a second friction plate is fixedly arranged on the left side of the horizontal structure, and a first fixed block is fixedly arranged on the upper side of the horizontal structure; the horizontal structure body is fixedly connected with the lower steel beam;
under the initial condition, the rotating cylinder is in contact with the right surface of the first fixed block body, the spring assembly is in a compressed state, and the first friction plate and the second friction plate are kept pressed tightly.
Further, still include: the fixed block body of second, first fixed block body sets up with the fixed block body symmetry of second, and just first fixed block body all extends along the axial extending direction of horizontal structure body with the fixed block body of second promptly along longitudinal direction.
Further, the first fixed block body is connected with the second fixed block body into a whole, and in an initial state, the first transverse guide member is arranged at the central position of the first fixed block body and the second fixed block body.
Further, still include: the first transverse guide member and the second transverse guide member are arranged at the same height; the vertical plate and the first friction plate extend along the longitudinal direction, namely the vertical plate and the first friction plate are in a vertical relation with the left transverse guide rod; the first transverse guide member and the second transverse guide member are respectively arranged at the front part and the rear part of the vertical plate; the first transverse guide member and the second transverse guide member are symmetrically arranged;
the first fixed block body and the second fixed block body are symmetrically arranged;
in an initial state, the rotating cylinder of the first transverse guide member is in contact with the right surface of the first fixed block; the rotating cylinder of the second transverse guide member is in contact with the right surface of the second fixed block;
the symmetrical center line of the first transverse guide member and the second transverse guide member is called a first center line, and the symmetrical center line of the first fixed block body and the second fixed block body is called a second center line; in the initial state, the first central line is coincident with the second central line.
Further, the projection of the contact surface of the first fixed block body and the rotating cylinder body of the first transverse guide member on the horizontal plane is a multi-section broken line or a curve.
Further, the horizontal structure body is fixedly connected with the lower steel beam through the vertical rods.
Further, the first friction plate is fixedly connected with the top moving platform through a vertical rod;
further, still include: the third transverse guide member and the fourth transverse guide member are symmetrically designed, and are arranged at the same height and below the first transverse guide member;
the friction unit further includes: the third fixed block body and the fourth fixed block body are arranged on the lower side of the horizontal structure body;
the third fixed block body has the same structure as the first fixed body, and the fourth fixed block body has the same structure as the second fixed body;
the third transverse guide member is matched with the third fixed block body, and the fourth transverse guide member is matched with the fourth fixed block body.
Further, the projection of the contact surface of the first fixed block and the rotating cylinder of the first transverse guide member on the horizontal plane is designed as follows: the vertical plate is closer to the first friction plate along with the larger relative displacement of the upper steel beam and the lower steel beam in the longitudinal direction;
the projection of the contact surface of the second fixed block body and the rotating cylinder body of the second transverse guide member on the horizontal plane is designed as follows: the vertical plate is closer to the first friction plate along with the larger relative displacement of the upper steel beam and the lower steel beam in the longitudinal direction;
the projection of the contact surface of the third fixed block body and the rotating cylinder body of the third transverse guide member on the horizontal plane is designed as follows: the vertical plate is closer to the first friction plate along with the larger relative displacement of the upper steel beam and the lower steel beam in the longitudinal direction;
the projection of the contact surface of the fourth fixed block body and the rotating cylinder body of the first transverse guide member on the horizontal plane is designed as follows: the vertical plate is closer to the first friction plate along with the larger relative displacement between the upper steel beam and the lower steel beam in the longitudinal direction.
Further, the mobile unit further comprises: the left side of the first friction plate is fixedly connected with a plurality of first friction plate transverse guide rods; the vertical plate is provided with a plurality of through holes corresponding to a plurality of first friction plate transverse guide rods, the first friction plate transverse guide rods are matched with the through holes, and the surfaces of the first friction plate transverse guide rods and the through holes are smooth;
in an initial state, the transverse guide rod of the first friction plate penetrates through the vertical plate and a certain length is reserved on the left side of the vertical plate.
Further, in an initial condition, the left end of the left transverse guide rod is in contact with the left end of the left guide groove; the distance of the right-hand member of right side transverse guide and the right-hand member of right side guide way is S2, and the distance of the right side of vertical board apart from the left end portion of right side guide way is S1, will satisfy: s1 is more than or equal to S2.
Furthermore, the left transverse guide rod and the right transverse guide rod are connected into a whole, and the whole is called a transverse guide rod.
Further, the mobile unit includes: a plurality of horizontal guide arms, and a plurality of horizontal guide arms parallel arrangement are in the top of vertical board.
A method for designing a fabricated steel structure, under known conditions of friction F-curve of longitudinal relative displacement x of a first structure and a second structure, under unknown conditions of:
the shape of the contact surface of the fixed block and the rotating cylinder of the transverse guide member;
projection of the contact surface on the horizontal plane: establishing an X-Y coordinate system by taking the longitudinal direction as the X direction, the transverse direction as the Y direction and the contact point of the rotating cylinder and the fixed block body in the initial state as the origin, wherein the longitudinal direction is the axial extension direction of the beam; the transverse direction is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, and the transverse direction and the longitudinal direction form a horizontal plane;
the F-x curve is described as:
F＝F(x)
the projection of the contact surface on the horizontal plane is as follows:
wherein μ represents a friction coefficient between the first friction plate and the second friction plate;
k represents the coefficient of the spring assembly;
M1indicating the pressure of the spring assembly in the initial state.
The invention has the advantages that:
first, the design concept of the fabricated wall of the present application is different from "CN 103335052 a", and the present application is: as the displacement increases, the damping increases; as the displacement decreases, the damping decreases. That is, the closer to the equilibrium position, the easier the recovery (this idea is somewhat close to CN 103335052A; however, the inventors' study shows that the effect of CN 103335052A cannot be achieved by the friction damping design).
Second, the first inventive concept of the present application is: the design that damping force is different along with relative displacement of a first structure and a second structure is realized through the design of a top moving platform, a moving unit and a friction unit (none of the three is available); in particular, the greater the relative displacement, the greater the damping; and the smaller the displacement, the smaller the damping.
Third, the second inventive concept of the present application is the design of the second embodiment (block design has been applied for another application), and the first and third lateral guide members are respectively matched with the first and third fixed blocks of the horizontal structure, so that the first friction plate and the vertical plate are more stable; the second transverse guide member and the fourth transverse guide member are respectively matched with the second fixing block and the fourth fixing block of the horizontal structure body, so that the first friction plate and the vertical plate are more stable.
Fourth, the third inventive concept of the present application is: design of example three. The design of the third embodiment is different from that of the first and second embodiments, the translation is changed into rolling, and the projection of the contact surface of the first fixed block body and the first transverse guide member guide block on the horizontal plane can be changed into a broken line, a curve and the like from a single straight line of the first embodiment; the design of the third embodiment eliminates the problem that the projection of the contact surface on the horizontal plane is only a single straight line of the first embodiment, and can meet more and more complex performance design targets of designers.
For claim 1 of the present application, this includes the design of FIG. 11 b: with the design of embodiment one, 2 first and second lateral guide members must be symmetrical, while with the rotating cylinder only 1 first lateral guide member is feasible.
Fifth, the fourth inventive concept of the present application is: the present application presents the design of a viscous-frictional damping wall,
sixth, the fifth inventive concept of the present application is (this concept and the core concept of the first and second embodiments lack the unity, so the application is filed as follows): the application provides a design method of friction damping, in particular to a design method of an assembled wall, wherein the known condition is a friction force F-displacement x (longitudinal relative displacement of a first structure and a second structure) curve, and the unknown condition is as follows:
the shape of the contact surface of the fixed block and the rotating cylinder of the transverse guide member;
projection of the contact surface on the horizontal plane: establishing an X-Y coordinate system by taking the longitudinal direction as the X direction, the transverse direction as the Y direction and the contact point of the rotating cylinder and the fixed block body in the initial state as the origin;
the F-x curve is described as:
F＝F(x)
the projection of the contact surface on the horizontal plane is as follows:
wherein μ represents a friction coefficient between the first friction plate and the second friction plate;
k represents the coefficient of the spring assembly;
M1indicating the pressure of the spring assembly in the initial state.
Seventh, the sixth inventive concept of the present application is (this concept and the core concept of the first and second embodiments lack the unity, so the application is filed as follows):
the application provides a design method of a viscous damping device, the known condition is that an area S-displacement x (longitudinal relative displacement of a first structure and a second structure) curve entering damping liquid (namely a damping design performance target, an engineer designs the area of a lifting plate immersed in the damping liquid under different displacements x as S according to requirements), and the unknown condition is as follows:
the shape of the lifting plate, namely how the length of the lifting plate along the longitudinal direction changes at different heights (which is essentially the shape of the lifting plate above the damping liquid level in the initial state);
area S of the lifting plate immersed in the damping liquid in the initial state0；
w represents the height above the lifting plate immersed in the damping fluid in the initial state, and the height of the lifting plate flush with the damping fluid is 0 in the initial state;
b represents the length of the lifting plate in the longitudinal direction corresponding to the height w;
firstly, designing a contact surface of a fixed block and a rotating cylinder of a transverse guide member;
the method is the same as that of the foregoing fifth inventive concept;
next, b-w are related to the following, and the shape of the lifting plate is designed based on the following formula:
it can be seen that b can be obtained for any w, and the shape of the lifter plate can be designed according to the above formula.
Specifically, given an arbitrary w, x can be obtained, and further b can be obtained.
Of course, given any x, the corresponding w, b can be determined.
Drawings
The invention will be further described in detail with reference to examples of embodiments shown in the drawings to which, however, the invention is not restricted.
Fig. 1 is a schematic vertical design of an assembly wall according to the first embodiment.
Fig. 2 is a schematic design diagram of a top mobile platform according to the first embodiment.
Fig. 3 is a schematic design diagram of a mobile unit according to the first embodiment.
Fig. 4 is a schematic design diagram of the friction unit according to the first embodiment.
Fig. 5 is a schematic three-dimensional design of the vertical plate 2-2 of the first embodiment.
Fig. 6 is a schematic three-dimensional design view of the first friction plate of the first embodiment.
Fig. 7a is a schematic plan view of an assembled wall according to the first embodiment.
Fig. 7b is a schematic view of the design of a fabricated wall of the first embodiment under one vibration cycle.
Fig. 8 is a schematic view of the vertical design of an assembly wall according to the second embodiment.
Fig. 9 is a schematic three-dimensional design of the vertical plate 2-2 of the second embodiment.
Fig. 10 is a schematic view of the vertical plate 2-2 of the first embodiment when the force is applied to the vertical plate.
Fig. 11a is a schematic plan view of an assembled wall according to the third embodiment.
Fig. 11b is a schematic plan view of another assembled wall according to the third embodiment.
Fig. 12 is a schematic design diagram of the first and second lateral guide members according to the third embodiment.
Fig. 13 is a schematic design diagram of third and fourth lateral guide members according to the third embodiment.
Fig. 14 is a force-displacement design schematic of the design shown in fig. 11.
Fig. 15 is a plan view of another form of the fabricated wall of the third embodiment and its corresponding F-x plan view.
Fig. 16 is a plan view of an assembled wall according to another form of the third embodiment and a corresponding F-x plan view (F-x is in the form of a three-segment broken line).
Fig. 17 is a plan view of an assembled wall of another form of the third embodiment and its corresponding F-x plan view (F-x is in the form of a curve).
FIG. 18 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a viscous damping device plus frictional damping device according to a fourth embodiment.
Fig. 19 is a schematic design view of a multiple set of lateral guide members.
The reference numerals are explained below:
the device comprises a top moving platform 1, a platform body 1-1, a left guide groove 1-2, a right guide groove 1-3 and a middle moving space 1-4;
the device comprises a moving unit 2, a left transverse guide rod 2-1-1, a right transverse guide rod 2-1-2, a vertical plate 2-2, a first friction plate 2-3, a spring assembly 2-4, a first transverse guide member 2-5, a first transverse guide member guide rod 2-5-1, a first transverse guide member guide block 2-5-2, a second transverse guide member 2-6, a second transverse guide member guide rod 2-6-1 and a second transverse guide member guide block 2-6-2;
the device comprises a friction unit 3, a horizontal structure 3-1, a second friction plate 3-2, a first fixed block 3-3 and a second fixed block 3-4;
a vertical limit bearing 4-1 and a horizontal limit bearing 4-2;
the device comprises a rotating column body 5, a horizontal disc 5-1, a vertical connecting rod 5-2 and a rotating column body 5-3;
viscous damping device 6, outer plate 6-1, middle lifting plate 6-2 and hinged rod assembly 6-3.
Detailed Description
Embodiment one, a fabricated wall, which is a friction damping wall; which is arranged between the first structure and the second structure;
the first structure is an upper beam, and the second structure is a lower beam;
the method comprises the following steps: the device comprises a top moving platform 1, a moving unit 2 and a friction unit 3;
wherein, the top moving platform 1 is connected with a first structure; the top moving platform 1 includes: a platform body 1-1 and a transverse movement guide space;
the lateral shifting guide space is "T" style of calligraphy, includes: a left guide groove 1-2, a right guide groove 1-3 and a middle moving space 1-4; the left guide groove 1-2 and the right guide groove 1-3 are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the middle moving space 1-4; the middle moving space 1-4 is arranged between the left guide groove 1-2 and the right guide groove 1-3.
Wherein the mobile unit 2 comprises: the device comprises a left transverse guide rod 2-1-1, a right transverse guide rod 2-1-2, a vertical plate 2-2, a first friction plate 2-3, a spring assembly 2-4, a first transverse guide member 2-5 and a second transverse guide member 2-6;
the first transverse guide member and the second transverse guide member are arranged at the same height;
the vertical plate 2-2 and the first friction plate 2-3 extend along the longitudinal direction, namely the vertical plate 2-2 and the first friction plate 2-3 are in a vertical relation with the left transverse guide rod 2-1-1;
the first transverse guide member 2-5 and the second transverse guide member 2-6 are respectively arranged at the front part and the rear part of the vertical plate;
the left transverse guide rod 2-1-1 and the right transverse guide rod 2-1-2 are both fixedly arranged above the vertical plate 2-2; the left transverse guide rod 2-1-1 and the right transverse guide rod 2-1-2 are distributed on the left side and the right side of the vertical plate 2-2; the left transverse guide rod 2-1-1 is arranged in the left guide groove 1-2, and the right transverse guide rod 2-1-2 is arranged in the right guide groove 1-3; specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, the left transverse link 2-1-1 and the right transverse link 2-1-2 are integrally connected (i.e., are in the same straight line).
The first friction plate 2-3 is arranged in parallel with the vertical plate 2-2, the first friction plate 2-3 is arranged at the right side of the vertical plate 2-2, and the spring assembly 2-4 is arranged between the first friction plate 2-3 and the vertical plate 2-2;
the first friction plate 2-3 is fixedly connected with the top moving platform through a vertical rod;
a first lateral guide member 2-5 including a first lateral guide member guide bar 2-5-1, a first lateral guide member guide block 2-5-2; the first transverse guide component guide rod 2-5-1 adopts an L-shaped rod or a straight rod; the left end part of a first transverse guide member guide rod 2-5-1 is fixed on the right surface of the vertical plate 2-2, and a transverse guide member guide block 2-5-2 is fixedly arranged on the lower side of the right end part of the first transverse guide member guide rod 2-5-1; the first transverse guide member guide block 2-5-2 is fitted with the first fixed block 3-3 of the friction unit 3;
the contact surface of the first fixed block 3-3 and the first transverse guide member guide block 2-5-2 of the first transverse guide member 2-5 is inclined along the longitudinal direction (the vertical direction is a vertical plane), that is, along the direction of advancing along the longitudinal length (that is, the second transverse guide member 2-6 points to the direction of the first transverse guide member 2-5), the distance between the contact surface of the first fixed block 3-3 and the first transverse guide member guide block 2-5-2 and the first friction plate 2-3 is gradually increased;
a second lateral guide member 2-6 including a second lateral guide member guide bar 2-6-1, a second lateral guide member guide block 2-6-2; the guide rod 2-6-1 of the second transverse guide component adopts an L-shaped rod or a straight rod; the left end part of a second transverse guide member guide rod 2-6-1 is fixed on the right surface of the vertical plate 2-2, and a second transverse guide member guide block 2-6-2 is fixedly arranged on the lower side of the right end part of the second transverse guide member guide rod 2-6-1; the second transverse guide member guide block 2-6-2 is fitted with the second fixed block 3-4 of the friction unit 3;
the contact surface of the second fixed block 3-3 and the second lateral guide member guide block 2-6-2 of the second lateral guide member 2-6 is inclined (vertical is a vertical surface) in the longitudinal direction, that is, the distance between the contact surface of the second fixed block 3-3 and the second lateral guide member guide block 2-6-2 and the first friction plate 2-3 gradually increases in the direction in which the longitudinal length is retreated (i.e., the direction in which the first lateral guide member 2-5 is directed toward the second lateral guide member 2-6).
Wherein the friction unit 3 comprises: the horizontal structure comprises a horizontal structure body 3-1, a second friction plate 3-2, a first fixed block 3-3 and a second fixed block 3-4, wherein the left side of the horizontal structure body 3-1 is fixedly provided with the second friction plate 3-2, and the upper side of the horizontal structure body 3-1 is fixedly provided with the first fixed block 3-3 and the second fixed block 3-4;
the horizontal structure body 3-1 is fixedly connected with a second structure through a vertical rod;
the first transverse guide member 2-5 and the second transverse guide member 2-6 are symmetrically arranged; the first fixed block 3-3 and the second fixed block 3-4 are symmetrically arranged.
The symmetrical center line of the first transverse guide member 2-5 and the second transverse guide member 2-6 is called a first center line, and the symmetrical center line of the first fixed block 3-3 and the second fixed block 3-4 is called a second center line; in an initial condition, the first centerline coincides with the second centerline.
Under the initial condition, the spring assembly 2-4 is in a compressed state, and the left end part of the left transverse guide rod 2-1-1 is contacted with the left end part of the left guide groove 1-2; the distance between the right end of the right transverse guide rod 2-1-2 and the right end of the right guide groove 1-3 is S2, the distance between the right side of the vertical plate 2-2 and the left end of the right guide groove 1-3 is S1, and the requirements are that: s1 is more than or equal to S2
The slope of the contact surface of the first fixed block 3-3 and the friction unit 3 is a, that is, when the vertical plate 2-2 is displaced by 1 along the longitudinal length, the vertical plate 2-2 is displaced by a along the transverse length.
In the initial state, the spring assembly 2-4 gives a pressure M between the first friction plate 2-3 and the second friction plate 3-21(ii) a The elastic coefficient of the spring component 2-4 is k;
when the longitudinal relative displacement of the first structure and the second structure is x, the friction force between the first friction plate 2-3 and the second friction plate 3-2 is:
F＝μ(M1+kax)
the energy consumption in the interval from 0 to x is as follows:
this is in contrast to conventional forms of friction dissipaters
In a true difference, the present application is a quadratic curve.
From the background, the greatest difference of the present application is that the present application implements the second function: namely, the damping effect is increased along with the increase of the displacement; as the displacement decreases, the damping effect decreases.
Example two: as shown in fig. 8-9, further comprising: the third transverse guide member and the fourth transverse guide member are symmetrically designed, and are arranged at the same height and below the first transverse guide member;
the transverse guide member guide blocks of the third transverse guide member and the fourth transverse guide member are upward;
the friction unit 3 further includes: the third fixed block body and the fourth fixed block body are both arranged at the lower side of the horizontal structural body 3-1;
the third fixed block body has the same structure as the first fixed body, the fourth fixed block body has the same structure as the second fixed body,
the third transverse guide member is matched with the third fixed block, and the fourth transverse guide member is matched with the fourth fixed block;
the contact surface of the third fixed block 3-3 with the lateral guide member guide block of the third lateral guide member is inclined along the longitudinal direction (the vertical direction is a vertical surface), i.e. along the direction of advancing longitudinal length (i.e. the direction of the second lateral guide member 2-6 pointing to the first lateral guide member 2-5), and the distance between the contact surface of the third fixed block with the lateral guide member guide block of the third lateral guide member and the first friction plate gradually increases;
the contact surface of the fourth fixing block with the lateral guide member guide block of the fourth lateral guide member is inclined in the longitudinal direction (the vertical direction is a vertical plane), that is, in the direction in which the longitudinal length is retreated (i.e., the direction in which the first lateral guide member 2-5 is directed toward the second lateral guide member 2-6), and the distance between the contact surface of the fourth fixing block with the lateral guide member guide block of the fourth lateral guide member and the first friction plate gradually increases.
The mobile unit 2 further includes: the left side of the first friction plate 2-3 is fixedly connected with a plurality of first friction plate transverse guide rods; the vertical plate is provided with a plurality of through holes corresponding to a plurality of first friction plate transverse guide rods, the first friction plate transverse guide rods are matched with the through holes, and the surfaces of the first friction plate transverse guide rods and the through holes are smooth.
In an initial state, the first friction plate transverse guide rod penetrates through the vertical plate 2-2 and a certain length is left on the left side of the vertical plate 2-2.
The second embodiment has the advantage that the first and third lateral guide members are respectively matched with the first and third fixing blocks of the horizontal structure, so that the first friction plate and the vertical plate are more stable.
Embodiment one, because the lower end is a cantilevered end, when moving to the right, it is inevitable that the upper and lower portions of the spring assembly will not extend as much, which in fact does not achieve the design goal.
That is, the first embodiment is only applicable to the case where K is small and a is small.
The third embodiment, the first and second embodiments have a problem: the transverse guide member and the fixed block are both in block structures, namely, the contact surface of the transverse guide member and the fixed block can only be a plane (the plane forms an angle with the longitudinal direction), and friction exists between the transverse guide member and the fixed block. Although the above problems can be solved by using a material (smooth material), the above problems are still disadvantageous for a long time.
The first, second, third and fourth transverse guide members of the mobile unit 2 are designed as follows, i.e. the transverse guide member guide blocks are replaced by the following design:
a vertical limit bearing 4-1 and a horizontal limit bearing 4-2 are arranged at the right end of the transverse guide component;
further comprising: a rotating cylinder 5, the rotating cylinder 5 including: the device comprises a horizontal disc 5-1, a vertical connecting rod 5-2 and a rotating column body 5-3;
the horizontal disc 5-1 is arranged in the vertical limit bearing 4-1, the vertical limit bearing 4-1 comprises an upper limit component and a lower limit component, the horizontal disc 5-1 is arranged in a space between the upper limit component and the lower limit component (the upper surface and the lower surface of the horizontal disc 5-1 are contacted with spheres which are arranged in the upper limit component and the lower limit component);
the horizontal disc 5-1 and the rotating column body 5-3 are connected into a whole through a vertical connecting rod 5-2.
For the first and second lateral guide members, the horizontal plate 5-1 is above the rotary column body 5-3;
third and fourth lateral guide members, the horizontal plate 5-1 is below the rotary cylinder body 5-3.
For the design of the third embodiment, the design of the first, second, third and fourth fixed blocks corresponding to the three phases of the third embodiment can be any shape.
For example, the designs of the first and second embodiments may also be adopted.
It should be noted that: the end surfaces of the guide member guide blocks of the first, second, third, and fourth lateral guide members of the first and second embodiments do not contact the horizontal structural body.
The end surfaces of the column main bodies of the first, second, third, and fourth lateral guide members of the third embodiment do not contact the horizontal structural body.
The design of the third embodiment is greatly improved compared with the first embodiment: the design of the third embodiment can meet different energy consumption performance targets, as shown in fig. 14, a smaller friction force can be adopted in a small earthquake (smaller displacement), a larger friction force can be adopted in a medium earthquake (larger displacement, exceeding a certain value), and a larger friction force can be adopted in a large earthquake (larger displacement, exceeding a certain value), i.e., a graded design target.
Moreover, the design of the first embodiment is not able to achieve the above objectives: the two problems cannot be overcome, namely, the steering cannot be realized, namely, the contact surface between the guide block and the fixed block of the transverse guide member in the first embodiment can only have 1 slope; secondly, the slope cannot be too large, i.e. the transition between the minor and the intermediate shocks in fig. 14 is too long.
These are contributions from example three.
In addition, as shown in fig. 15-17, it is also possible to design the frictional force F-displacement x curve according to the actual requirement.
The fourth embodiment, the first, second and third embodiments are simple variable damping force friction damping walls. The effect of its variable damping depends on the spring constant of the spring, the slope of the contact surface between the guide block of the transverse guide member and the fixed block, two important parameters.
In particular, for the first embodiment, the slope of the lateral guide member guide block-fixed block interface must be constant.
The above-mentioned problems encountered during development have motivated continued development.
The scheme of the first embodiment or the second embodiment or the third embodiment is designed in a bilateral symmetry mode, and a viscous damping device 6 is arranged between two vertical plates;
the viscous damping device 6 includes: an outer plate 6-1 at the side 2, a lifting plate 6-2 in the middle and viscous damping liquid filled in the outer plates 6-1 at the two sides;
namely, the inner sides of the two vertical plates are provided with 2 outer plates 6-1, and the lifting plate is arranged between the 2 outer plates 6-1;
the outer plate, the vertical plate and the lifting plate are arranged in parallel;
the outer plate 6-1 is fixedly connected with a second structure;
the lifting plate 6-2 and the 2 vertical plates are connected by adopting a hinge rod assembly, namely, the two surfaces of the lifting plate 6-2 and the vertical plates corresponding to the two surfaces are connected by adopting a hinge rod assembly 6-3;
the hinged rod assembly 6-3 is hinged with the vertical plate and the lifting plate;
the hinge rod assembly 6-3 comprises a plurality of hinge rods which are arranged in parallel and at equal length;
in the initial state, the height of the hinge rod rises from the vertical plate to the lifting plate; in the initial state, the top end of the lifting plate is higher than the height of the viscous damping fluid.
The mechanism of example four is:
when the first structure advances from the equilibrium point to the first distant point, the relationship of the frictional force F between the first friction plate and the second friction plate-the displacement x of the first structure and the second structure proceeds as shown in any one of fig. 14 to 17;
namely, the left vertical plate approaches to the left horizontal structure, the right vertical plate approaches to the right horizontal structure, and the lifting plate descends (the inclination degree of the hinge rod assembly descends);
the contact area between the lifting plate and the viscous damping fluid is increased, so that the energy consumption effect is improved;
when the first structure returns to the equilibrium point from the first distant point, the relationship of the frictional force F between the first friction plate and the second friction plate-the displacement x of the first structure and the second structure proceeds according to any one of fig. 14 to 17;
the left vertical plate is far away from the left horizontal structural body, the right vertical plate is far away from the right horizontal structural body, and the lifting plate is lifted (the inclination degree of the hinge rod assembly is lifted); the contact area between the lifting plate and the viscous damping fluid is gradually reduced, so that the energy consumption effect is reduced;
when the first structure advances from the balance point to the second far point, the vertical plate on the left side approaches to the horizontal structure on the left side, the vertical plate on the right side approaches to the horizontal structure on the right side, and the lifting plate descends (the inclination degree of the hinge rod assembly descends);
the contact area between the lifting plate and the viscous damping fluid is increased, so that the energy consumption effect is improved;
when the first structure returns to the balance point from the second distance point, the vertical plate on the left side is far away from the horizontal structural body on the left side, the vertical plate on the right side is far away from the horizontal structural body on the right side, the lifting plate is lifted (the inclination degree of the hinge rod assembly is lifted), and the contact area between the lifting plate and the viscous damping fluid is gradually reduced, so that the energy consumption effect is reduced;
that is, the design of the viscous damping device of the fourth embodiment is also the same: the larger the relative displacement of the structure is, the larger the contact area of the lifting plate and the viscous damping fluid is; on the contrary, the smaller the relative displacement of the structure is, the smaller the contact area of the lifting plate and the viscous damping fluid is; this is the same as the idea of the first, second and third embodiments.
The length of the hinge rod component is set as g; in the initial state, the angle of inclination of the hinge rod assembly 6-3 is beta0(ii) a In the first structure and the second structureUnder any relative displacement x, the transverse movement displacement of the vertical plate is jXThen, it can be known that: angle of inclination beta of hinge rod assembly 6-3xThe following were used:
as can be seen from the above, gcos β0+ j < g is a requirement of the present application.
The lifting plate is immersed in the viscous damping fluid at the initial state with the height h0(ii) a Under any relative displacement x of the first structure and the second structure, the height of the lifting plate immersed in the viscous damping fluid is hx:
example five, a method for designing a fabricated wall, the known conditions of which are the F-displacement x-curve of friction (i.e., the design performance target), the unknown conditions of which are:
what shape the contact surface of the fixed block and the rotating cylinder 5 of the lateral guide member is;
with respect to the above problems, based on the designs of fig. 15 to 17, there is a relationship between the contact surface of the fixed block with the rotating cylinder 5 of the lateral guide member and the design performance target F-x curve, i.e., the design target of F-x is achieved by designing the specific shape of the contact surface.
Projection of the contact surface on the horizontal plane: taking the longitudinal direction as the X direction, the transverse direction as the Y direction and taking the contact point of the rotating cylinder and the fixed block body as the origin in the initial state;
when the F-x curve is of the form:
F＝μ(M1+kax)
the projection of the contact surface on the horizontal plane is as follows:
y＝ax
when the F-x curve is of the form:
F＝μ(M1+kbx2)
the projection of the contact surface on the horizontal plane is as follows:
y＝bx2
more generally, the F-x curve is described as:
F＝F(x)
the projection of the contact surface on the horizontal plane is as follows:
from the above formula, the F-x performance curve is similar to the projected curve shape of the actual contact surface on the horizontal plane.
The sixth embodiment is a method for designing an assembled wall, where the known conditions are an area S-displacement x curve entering damping fluid (i.e. damping design performance target, and engineering technicians have designed the area of a lifting plate immersed in damping fluid under different displacements x as required as S), and the unknown conditions are:
the shape of the lifter plate, i.e. how the length of the lifter plate varies in the longitudinal direction at different heights (essentially the shape of the lifter plate above the damping fluid level in the initial state of the design) (viscous damping means, which is a velocity-dependent device, is not only velocity-dependent but also dependent on the contact area of the device with the damping fluid; therefore, it is critical to consider the contact area).
Area S of the lifting plate immersed in the damping liquid in the initial state0；
w represents the height above the lifting plate immersed in the damping fluid in the initial state (the height of the lifting plate flush with the damping fluid is 0 in the initial state);
b represents the length of the lifting plate in the longitudinal direction corresponding to the height w;
as can be seen from the above formula, in the sixth embodiment, when designing, the design is firstly performed according to the fifth embodiment, that is, the projection curve shape of the contact surface on the horizontal plane is firstly designed, and then the shape of the lifting plate is designed;
illustrated in one case:
the S-X curve requires: s ═ S0+ex
Firstly, the projection curve shape of the contact surface on the horizontal plane is designed as required as follows:
jx＝y＝ax
secondly, solving the relation of b-w;
in addition to this, the present invention is,
to pair
Differentiation is performed, whereby:
therefore, the following steps are carried out:
b. w are all related to x;
when x is dissolved, the following can be obtained:
the properties of the lifter plate are designed according to the above formula.
More generally, it can be deduced that:
finally, the following steps are known:
or:
from the above equation, b and w are in one-to-one correspondence, and the relationship between the two is related by the intermediate quantity x.
That is, the lifter plate according with the design target performance can be designed by the above formula.
It should be noted that: the upper beam and the lower beam in the first to sixth embodiments may be made of concrete or steel.
It should be noted that: in the first to sixth embodiments, the balls are disposed on the surfaces of the left guide groove and the right guide groove to facilitate the movement of the left transverse guide rod and the right transverse guide rod.
It should be noted that: the above embodiments one to six: the longitudinal direction is: the horizontal structure body is parallel to the beam in the axial extension direction of the beam; the transverse direction is a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, and the transverse direction and the longitudinal direction form a horizontal plane.
It should be noted that: as shown in fig. 19: the first transverse guide member and the second transverse guide member form an upper transverse guide member assembly, and the third transverse guide member and the fourth transverse guide member form a lower transverse guide member assembly; the vertical plate can be provided with a plurality of groups of upper transverse guide component assemblies and a plurality of groups of lower transverse guide component assemblies;
correspondingly, the horizontal structure body is provided with a fixed block body which is connected with the plurality of groups of upper transverse guide member assemblies and the plurality of groups of lower transverse guide member assemblies.
It should be noted that the above design is applicable to all of the first to sixth embodiments, and is not limited to the scheme of fig. 19.
The advantage of the above is that the spring assemblies are not uniformly stiff in the front and rear when compressed, only with 1 set of upper and/or 1 set of lower transverse guide member assemblies (upper and/or 1 set of lower transverse guide member assemblies are arranged symmetrically above and below). And set up multiunit upper portion horizontal guide component subassembly and/or 1 group lower part horizontal guide component subassembly, can make the vertical plate when compression spring, the anterior rigidity that tends to unanimously with the rear portion, and the quantity of subassembly is more, and the effect is better.
The above-mentioned embodiments are only for convenience of description, and are not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and those skilled in the art will understand that the technical features of the present invention can be modified or changed by other equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. An assembled steel structure comprising: the friction damping wall is arranged between the upper steel beam and the lower steel beam; the frictional damping wall includes: the device comprises a top moving platform, a moving unit and a friction unit;
the device is characterized in that the top moving platform is fixedly connected with the upper steel beam; the top moving platform comprises: the platform comprises a platform body and a transverse movement guide space; the lateral shifting guide space is "T" style of calligraphy, includes: a left guide groove, a right guide groove and a middle moving space; the left guide groove and the right guide groove are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the middle moving space; the middle moving space is arranged between the left guide groove and the right guide groove;
wherein the mobile unit comprises: the device comprises a left transverse guide rod, a right transverse guide rod, a vertical plate, a first friction plate, a spring assembly and a first transverse guide member; the first friction plate is fixedly connected with the top moving platform and is distributed on the right side of the vertical plate; the top of the vertical plate is fixedly provided with a left transverse guide rod and a right transverse guide rod which are distributed in the left guide groove and the right guide groove;
the first friction plate and the vertical plate are arranged in parallel, and the spring assembly is arranged between the first friction plate and the vertical plate;
the first transverse guide component comprises a first transverse guide component guide rod adopting an L-shaped rod or a straight rod, a vertical limit bearing and a horizontal limit bearing arranged at the right end of the transverse guide component, and a rotating cylinder; the rotating cylinder includes: the horizontal disc, the vertical connecting rod and the rotating column body; the horizontal disc is arranged in a vertical limiting bearing, the vertical limiting bearing comprises an upper limiting component and a lower limiting component, and the horizontal disc is arranged in a space between the upper limiting component and the lower limiting component; the horizontal disc and the rotating column body are connected into a whole through a vertical connecting rod; the left end part of the guide rod of the first transverse guide member is fixed on the right surface of the vertical plate;
wherein the friction unit includes: the horizontal structure, the second friction plate and the first fixed block body; a second friction plate is fixedly arranged on the left side of the horizontal structure, and a first fixed block is fixedly arranged on the upper side of the horizontal structure; the horizontal structure body is fixedly connected with the lower steel beam;
under the initial condition, the rotating cylinder is in contact with the right surface of the first fixed block body, the spring assembly is in a compressed state, and the first friction plate and the second friction plate are kept pressed tightly.
2. The assembled steel structure of claim 1, further comprising: the fixed block body of second, first fixed block body sets up with the fixed block body symmetry of second, and just first fixed block body all extends along the axial extending direction of horizontal structure body with the fixed block body of second promptly along longitudinal direction.
3. The fabricated steel structure according to claim 2, wherein the first and second fixed blocks are integrally coupled, and the first lateral guide member is initially disposed at a central position of the first and second fixed blocks.
4. The assembled steel structure of claim 1, further comprising: the first transverse guide member and the second transverse guide member are arranged at the same height; the vertical plate and the first friction plate extend along the longitudinal direction, namely the vertical plate and the first friction plate are in a vertical relation with the left transverse guide rod; the first transverse guide member and the second transverse guide member are respectively arranged at the front part and the rear part of the vertical plate; the first transverse guide member and the second transverse guide member are symmetrically arranged;
the first fixed block body and the second fixed block body are symmetrically arranged;
in an initial state, the rotating cylinder of the first transverse guide member is in contact with the right surface of the first fixed block; the rotating cylinder of the second transverse guide member is in contact with the right surface of the second fixed block;
the symmetrical center line of the first transverse guide member and the second transverse guide member is called a first center line, and the symmetrical center line of the first fixed block body and the second fixed block body is called a second center line; in the initial state, the first central line is coincident with the second central line.
5. The fabricated steel structure of claim 1, wherein a projection of a contact surface of the first fixing block with the first lateral guide member with respect to the rotation cylinder on a horizontal plane is a multi-segment broken line or a curve.
6. The fabricated steel structure of claim 5, wherein a projection of a contact surface of the first fixing block with the rotating cylinder of the first lateral guide member in a horizontal plane is designed to: the vertical plate is closer to the first friction plate along with the larger relative displacement between the upper steel beam and the lower steel beam in the longitudinal direction.
7. An assembled steel structure according to claim 1, wherein the horizontal structure is fixedly connected to the lower steel beam by means of vertical rods.
8. The assembled steel structure of claim 1, wherein the first friction plate is fixedly connected to the top moving platform by a vertical rod.
9. A method of designing an assembled steel structure, the assembled steel structure being as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8;
the method is characterized in that the known condition is a friction force F-curve of longitudinal relative displacement x of a first structure and a second structure, and the unknown condition is as follows: the shape of the contact surface of the fixed block and the rotating cylinder of the transverse guide member;
projection of the contact surface on the horizontal plane: establishing an X-Y coordinate system by taking the longitudinal direction as the X direction, the transverse direction as the Y direction and the contact point of the rotating cylinder and the fixed block body in the initial state as the origin, wherein the longitudinal direction is the axial extension direction of the beam; the transverse direction is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, and the transverse direction and the longitudinal direction form a horizontal plane;
the F-x curve is described as:
F＝F(x)
the projection of the contact surface on the horizontal plane is as follows:
wherein μ represents a friction coefficient between the first friction plate and the second friction plate;
k represents the coefficient of the spring assembly;
M1indicating the pressure of the spring assembly in the initial state.
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| JP2891626B2 (en) * | 1994-01-11 | 1999-05-17 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | Fluid damping device |
| JP2005240822A (en) * | 2004-02-24 | 2005-09-08 | Daiwa House Ind Co Ltd | Base-isolating system |
| KR100936592B1 (en) * | 2007-12-28 | 2010-01-13 | 두산건설 주식회사 | Method for compensating of column Shortening in tall buildings |
| CN105714953A (en) * | 2016-03-13 | 2016-06-29 | 北京工业大学 | Rotation type viscous damper |
| CN205859040U (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2017-01-04 | 黄山学院 | A kind of tuned mass damper |
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