CN111850822A - Goose down structure based melt-blown thermal insulation sound insulation material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Goose down structure based melt-blown thermal insulation sound insulation material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a goose down structure melt-blown thermal insulation sound-proof material and a preparation method thereof, wherein the goose down structure melt-blown thermal insulation sound-proof material is prepared by mixing PET and PP according to the mass ratio of 4:3, carrying out interface modification on the PET and PP through methyl methacrylate, compounding the PET and PP with polyimide/polysulfonamide melt-blown superfine short fibers, and then compounding the PET and PP with upper and lower composite films. Firstly, drying PET and PP, and introducing methyl methacrylate into a throat type airflow drafting device to modify the interface of a mixture of the PET and the PP; then melting, extruding and injecting polyimide, polysulfonamide and polylactic acid into melt-blowing equipment to obtain a melt; and spraying the melt out through a spinneret plate, and dropping the melt on the surface of the two-component superfine fiber net to form the goose down-like material. The material has good bulkiness and compression elastic recovery rate, and the thermal resistance can reach 0.5K per square meter per W. The Crohn value reaches more than 2.3, the heat preservation rate is more than 78%, and the highest high-frequency sound absorption coefficient can reach 0.9. Has good warm-keeping effect and sound-insulating property, high economic value and realizes the functions of flame retardance, warm keeping and sound insulation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of non-woven materials, and particularly relates to a goose down structure-based melt-blown thermal insulation sound-insulation material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Conventional sound-insulating materials are generally heavy and heavy, and have a great influence on workability, range of use, and the like. Therefore, a sound insulating material having light weight, thin thickness and good workability is desired to meet the needs of various applications. However, it is difficult to achieve a good sound insulation effect due to the low damping amount and the low self weight (mass) of a lightweight and thin material. Therefore, how to develop a lightweight, thin and flexible sound insulation material becomes a research hotspot.
With the expansion of the range of human activities and the demand of the environment, heat-insulating and warm-keeping materials are beginning to be widely used in the field of equipment such as field tents, military combat uniforms, mountaineering equipment, automobiles, aerospace and the like. People's demands for heat-insulating and warm-keeping materials are not limited to cold protection, but more hope that all-in-one goals are achieved by integrating the advantages of various heat-insulating and warm-keeping materials. However, researches on various materials show that the air permeability, the moisture permeability and the heat retention property are two important indexes of the heat-preservation and heat-retention material, and certain contradiction exists. Therefore, if a chemical fiber raw material is used to simulate a down structure by an advanced processing method, the defects of hair running, volume swelling, moisture absorption, easy hardening, easy mildewing, easy mite generation, poor warm-keeping effect and the like can be overcome, and the lightweight heat-insulating micronized fiber material is obtained.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a goose down structure-based melt-blown thermal insulation and sound insulation material and a preparation method thereof, solves the problem that certain contradiction exists between air permeability and moisture permeability and thermal insulation in the prior art, realizes the simulation of a down structure by using a chemical fiber raw material, and achieves the dual effects of thermal insulation and sound insulation.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a goose down structure melt-blown thermal insulation and sound insulation material, comprising: PET and PP are mixed according to the mass ratio of 4:3, are subjected to interface modification through methyl methacrylate, are compounded with polyimide/polysulfonamide melt-blown superfine short fibers, and are then compounded into an upper and a lower composite films.
Further, the surface density of the melt-blown thermal insulation and sound insulation material is 50-60g/m2The thickness is 5-8mm, and the high-frequency sound absorption coefficient is more than 0.56.
Further, the preparation method of the polyimide/polysulfonamide melt-blown superfine short fiber comprises the following steps: adding polyimide, polysulfonamide and polylactic acid into a double-screw extruder for melt blending for 5-8min, extruding and injecting into melt-blowing equipment, and intercepting and filtering impurities by using a filtering component to obtain a melt; and (3) spraying the melt through a spinneret plate, and drawing and thinning the melt under the drawing of hot air flow until the melt is broken to form superfine fibers in disordered arrangement.
Furthermore, the fineness of the PET and PP fibers is 15-20 mu m, and the length is 25-50 mm.
Furthermore, the polysulfonamide has a triangular cross section, the hollow part is triangular or circular, and the hollow rate is more than 70%.
A preparation method of a goose down structure melt-blown thermal insulation sound-proof material comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing the double-component superfine fiber: firstly, drying PET and PP according to a mass ratio of 4:3, and introducing methyl methacrylate by using a throat type airflow drafting device to modify the interface of a mixture of the PET and the PP; then, spinning by adopting a goose down spinning assembly, carding by a carding machine, and lapping to form a two-component superfine fiber net;
(2) adding polyimide, polysulfonamide and polylactic acid into a double-screw extruder for melt blending for 5-8min, extruding and injecting into melt-blowing equipment, and intercepting and filtering impurities by using a filtering component to obtain a melt;
(3) and (3) spraying the melt obtained in the step (2) through a spinneret plate, drawing and thinning the melt under the drawing of hot air flow until the melt is broken to form ultrafine fibers which are arranged in a disorderly manner, and dropping the ultrafine fibers on the surface of the two-component ultrafine fiber net obtained in the step (1) to form a goose down-like material.
Further, the gram weight of the superfine fiber net in the step (1) is 80g/m 2；
In the step (1), the fineness of PET and PP fibers is 15-20 mu m;
in the step (1), the weight ratio of PET to methyl methacrylate is 90: 1;
further, the weight ratio of the polyimide, the polysulfonamide and the polylactic acid in the step (2) is 1:0.8: 1; the weight ratio of PET to polyimide is 40: 1; the melt blending process in the step (2) is melt blending for 5-8min at 210 ℃, and the rotating speed of a screw is controlled to be 35-40 r/min;
in the step (2), the extrusion temperature is 160 ℃ and 190 ℃, and the filter screen temperature is 190 ℃ and 200 ℃.
Further, the melt-blown spinning is carried out in the screw extruder in the step (2), and the melt-blown spinning is respectively melted in an extruder first area, an extruder second area, an extruder third area, an extruder fourth area, an extruder fifth area and an extruder sixth area which are gradually heated; the temperature of the first zone of the extruder is 160-170 ℃; the temperature of the second zone of the extruder is 165-175 ℃; the temperature of the three zones of the extruder is 160-175 ℃; the temperature of the four zones of the extruder is 175-180 ℃; the temperature of the five zones of the extruder is 180-185 ℃; the temperature of the six zones of the extruder is 180-190 ℃; the temperature of the outlet of the extruder is 190 ℃ to 210 ℃.
Further, the temperature of the spinneret plate in the step (3) is 200-;
The diameter of the superfine fiber in the step (3) is 2-5 μm;
and (3) the rotating speed of the net conveying curtain is 6.0-6.4m/min, and the receiving distance is 25-35 cm.
According to the invention, the methyl methacrylate has a compatibilization effect on PET and PP, and the crystallization of PP is accelerated, so that the chance of forming interface gaps by crystallization shrinkage is reduced, the interface is tightly bonded, the vinylon fibers and holes left by shedding thereof are difficult to find on the section of the methyl methacrylate, and the methyl methacrylate is easy to insert into the PET, forms a polymer with original taste, and plays a good dispersing and compatibilization role.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the goose down structure melt-blown thermal insulation sound-insulation material, the PET and PP fibers are subjected to surface modification through the methyl methacrylate, so that the tensile strength of PP is reduced, the bending strength and the modulus are improved, and the impact strength is greatly improved. Then, by improving melt-blowing equipment, polyimide, polysulfonamide and polylactic acid are sprayed on a two-component superfine fiber net formed by PET and PP, and the upper and lower composite films form a goose down-like material through compounding of double-sided fibers, so that the material has good heat preservation effect and sound insulation performance, is high in economic value, and realizes multiple functions of flame retardance, heat preservation and sound insulation.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments.
The embodiment of the invention provides a goose down structure melt-blown thermal insulation sound-proof material, which comprises: PET and PP are mixed according to the mass ratio of 4:3, are subjected to interface modification through methyl methacrylate, are compounded with polyimide/polysulfonamide melt-blown superfine short fibers, and are then compounded into an upper and a lower composite films.
Specifically, the melt-blown thermal insulation and sound insulation material has the surface density of 50-60g/m2The thickness is 5-8mm, and the high-frequency sound absorption coefficient is more than 0.56.
Specifically, the preparation method of the polyimide/polysulfonamide melt-blown superfine short fiber comprises the following steps: adding polyimide, polysulfonamide and polylactic acid into a double-screw extruder for melt blending for 5-8min, extruding and injecting into melt-blowing equipment, and intercepting and filtering impurities by using a filtering component to obtain a melt; and (3) spraying the melt through a spinneret plate, and drawing and thinning the melt under the drawing of hot air flow until the melt is broken to form superfine fibers in disordered arrangement.
Specifically, the fineness of PET and PP fibers is 15-20 μm, and the length is 25-50 mm.
Specifically, the polysulfonamide has a triangular cross section, the hollow part is triangular or circular, and the hollow rate is more than 70%
The following is a detailed description of the method for preparing the goose down structure melt-blown thermal insulation and sound insulation material of the present invention with specific examples.
Example 1
The preparation method of the goose down structure melt-blown thermal insulation and sound insulation material provided by the embodiment comprises the following steps:
(1) firstly, respectively taking 40 kg of PET and 30 kg of PP, drying, and introducing 450g of methyl methacrylate by using a throat type airflow draft device to perform mixing treatment on the surface of a mixture of the PET and the PP; then, a goose down spinning component is adopted for spinning, and after carding by a carding machine, lapping is carried out to form a two-component superfine fiber net, wherein the gram weight of the superfine fiber net is 80g/m2。
(2) Taking 1 kg of polyimide, 0.8 kg of polysulfonamide and 1 kg of polylactic acid, adding the raw materials into a screw extruder for melt-blown spinning, and respectively melting the raw materials in a first extruder area, a second extruder area, a third extruder area, a fourth extruder area, a fifth extruder area and a sixth extruder area which are gradually heated; the temperature of the first zone of the extruder is 160 ℃; the temperature of the second zone of the extruder is 165 ℃; the temperature of three zones of the extruder is 160 ℃; the temperature of the four zones of the extruder is 175 ℃; the temperature of the fifth zone of the extruder is 180 ℃; the temperature of the six zones of the extruder is 180 ℃; the temperature of an outlet of the extruder is 190 degrees, the mixture is extruded and injected into melt-blowing equipment, and impurities are intercepted and filtered by a filtering component to obtain a melt;
(3) And (3) spraying the melt obtained in the step (2) through a spinneret plate, drawing and thinning the melt under the drawing of hot air flow until the melt is broken to form ultrafine fibers which are arranged in a disorderly manner, and dropping the ultrafine fibers on the surface of the two-component ultrafine fiber net obtained in the step (1) to form a goose down-like material.
Example 2
The preparation method of the goose down structure melt-blown thermal insulation and sound insulation material provided by the embodiment comprises the following steps:
(1) firstly, respectively taking 40 kg of PET and 30 kg of PP for drying treatment, and introducing methyl methacrylate by using a throat type airflow draft device450g of PET and PP mixture surface is mixed; then, a goose down spinning component is adopted for spinning, and after carding by a carding machine, lapping is carried out to form a two-component superfine fiber net, wherein the gram weight of the superfine fiber net is 80g/m2。
(2) Taking 1 kg of polyimide, 0.8 kg of polysulfonamide and 1 kg of polylactic acid, adding the raw materials into a screw extruder for melt-blown spinning, and respectively melting the raw materials in a first extruder area, a second extruder area, a third extruder area, a fourth extruder area, a fifth extruder area and a sixth extruder area which are gradually heated; the temperature of the first zone of the extruder was 165 ℃; the temperature of the second zone of the extruder is 170 ℃; the temperature of three zones of the extruder is 165 ℃; the temperature of the four zones of the extruder is 180 ℃; the temperature of the fifth zone of the extruder is 185 ℃; the temperature of the six zones of the extruder is 185 ℃; the temperature of the outlet of the extruder is 195 degrees, then the mixture is extruded and injected into melt-blowing equipment, and impurities are intercepted and filtered by a filtering component to obtain a melt;
(3) And (3) spraying the melt obtained in the step (2) through a spinneret plate, drawing and thinning the melt under the drawing of hot air flow until the melt is broken to form ultrafine fibers which are arranged in a disorderly manner, and dropping the ultrafine fibers on the surface of the two-component ultrafine fiber net obtained in the step (1) to form a goose down-like material.
Example 3
The preparation method of the goose down structure melt-blown thermal insulation and sound insulation material provided by the embodiment comprises the following steps:
(1) firstly, respectively taking 40 kg of PET and 30 kg of PP, drying, and introducing 450g of methyl methacrylate by using a throat type airflow draft device to perform mixing treatment on the surface of a mixture of the PET and the PP; then, a goose down spinning component is adopted for spinning, and after carding by a carding machine, lapping is carried out to form a two-component superfine fiber net, wherein the gram weight of the superfine fiber net is 80g/m2。
(2) Taking 1 kg of polyimide, 0.8 kg of polysulfonamide and 1 kg of polylactic acid, adding the raw materials into a screw extruder for melt-blown spinning, and respectively melting the raw materials in a first extruder area, a second extruder area, a third extruder area, a fourth extruder area, a fifth extruder area and a sixth extruder area which are gradually heated; the temperature of the first zone of the extruder is 170 ℃; the temperature of the second zone of the extruder is 175 ℃; the temperature of three zones of the extruder is 175 ℃; the temperature of the four zones of the extruder is 180 ℃; the temperature of the fifth zone of the extruder is 185 ℃; the temperature of the six zones of the extruder is 190 ℃; the outlet temperature of the extruder is 210 ℃, then the mixture is extruded and injected into melt-blowing equipment, and impurities are intercepted and filtered by a filtering component to obtain a melt;
(3) And (3) spraying the melt obtained in the step (2) through a spinneret plate, drawing and thinning the melt under the drawing of hot air flow until the melt is broken to form ultrafine fibers which are arranged in a disorderly manner, and dropping the ultrafine fibers on the surface of the two-component ultrafine fiber net obtained in the step (1) to form a goose down-like material.
Comparative example 1
The preparation method of the melt-blown thermal insulation sound-proof material is basically the same as that of the embodiment, and the only difference is that the link of mixing the surface of the mixture of PET and PP by introducing methyl methacrylate by using a throat type airflow drafting device is eliminated to obtain a sample.
Comparative example 2
A melt-blown thermal insulation sound-proof material is basically the same as the above embodiment in preparation method, and is different in that polyimide, polysulfonamide and polylactic acid are not added into a screw extruder for melt-blown spinning, PET and PP are formed into a double-component superfine fiber net, and goose down-like polyimide and polysulfonamide materials are not sprayed on the net surface.
Technical detection is respectively carried out on finished fibers prepared by the production processes of the examples 1-3 and the comparative example, and main detection instruments are as follows: SGHP-10.5 thermal resistance and wet resistance testing device, the testing temperature is 20.0 ℃, and the environmental humidity (R.H) is 65%; and a sound absorption coefficient measuring instrument.
The test data are as follows in table 1:
according to the test data, the goose down structure melt-blown thermal insulation and sound insulation material prepared by the method has good fluffiness and compression elastic recovery rate, and the thermal resistance can reach 0.5 K.multidot.square meter/W. The cloro value reaches more than 2.3, and the heat preservation rate is more than 78%. Through improving the melt-blown equipment, polyimide, polysulfonamide and polylactic acid are sprayed on a double-component superfine fiber net formed by PET and PP, and through the compounding of double-sided fibers, an upper composite film and a lower composite film form a goose down-like material, so that the material has good warm-keeping effect and sound insulation performance, is high in economic value, and realizes the functions of flame retardance and warm keeping.
When the surface modification is not carried out on the PET and PP fibers by the methyl methacrylate, the bulkiness and the compression elastic recovery rate are reduced, which shows that the bending strength and the modulus are improved and the impact strength is greatly improved by carrying out the surface modification on the PET and PP fibers by the methyl methacrylate.
In comparative example 2, the thermal insulation effect of the single fiber web was reduced without spraying polyimide and polysulfonamide onto the fiber structure. The goose down-like melt-blown thermal insulation and sound insulation material prepared by the invention has good thermal insulation effect and sound insulation performance, high economic value and multiple functions of flame retardance and thermal insulation.
Through high-frequency sound absorption coefficient measurement, the prepared goose down structure melt-blown thermal insulation sound insulation material has good sound insulation performance, and the highest high-frequency sound absorption coefficient of the material can reach 0.9.
The foregoing is merely exemplary and illustrative of the present invention and various modifications, additions and substitutions may be made by those skilled in the art to the specific embodiments described without departing from the scope of the present invention as defined in the accompanying claims.
Claims (10)
1. A goose down structure melt-blown thermal insulation sound-proof material is characterized by comprising: PET and PP are mixed according to the mass ratio of 4:3, are subjected to interface modification through methyl methacrylate, are compounded with polyimide/polysulfonamide melt-blown superfine short fibers, and are then compounded into an upper and a lower composite films.
2. The melt-blown thermal insulation and sound insulation material with the goose down structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the areal density of the melt-blown thermal insulation and sound insulation material is 50-60g/m2The thickness is 5-8mm, and the high-frequency sound absorption coefficient is more than 0.56.
3. The goose down structure melt-blown thermal insulation and sound insulation material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the polyimide/polysulfonamide melt-blown superfine staple fiber is prepared by the following steps: adding polyimide, polysulfonamide and polylactic acid into a double-screw extruder for melt blending for 5-8min, extruding and injecting into melt-blowing equipment, and intercepting and filtering impurities by using a filtering component to obtain a melt; and (3) spraying the melt through a spinneret plate, and drawing and thinning the melt under the drawing of hot air flow until the melt is broken to form superfine fibers in disordered arrangement.
4. The melt-blown thermal insulation and sound insulation material with the goose down structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the PET and PP fibers have the fineness of 15-20 μm and the length of 25-50 mm.
5. The melt-blown thermal insulation and sound insulation material with the goose down structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the polysulfonamide fibers have a triangular cross section, and the hollow part is triangular or circular, and the hollow rate is more than 70%.
6. A preparation method of a goose down structure melt-blown thermal insulation sound-proof material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) preparing the double-component superfine fiber: firstly, drying PET and PP according to a mass ratio of 4:3, and introducing methyl methacrylate by using a throat type airflow drafting device to modify the interface of a mixture of the PET and the PP; then, spinning by adopting a goose down spinning assembly, carding by a carding machine, and lapping to form a two-component superfine fiber net;
(2) adding polyimide, polysulfonamide and polylactic acid into a double-screw extruder for melt blending for 5-8min, extruding and injecting into melt-blowing equipment, and intercepting and filtering impurities by using a filtering component to obtain a melt;
(3) and (3) spraying the melt obtained in the step (2) through a spinneret plate, drawing and thinning the melt under the drawing of hot air flow until the melt is broken to form ultrafine fibers which are arranged in a disorderly manner, and dropping the ultrafine fibers on the surface of the two-component ultrafine fiber net obtained in the step (1) to form a goose down-like material.
7. The method for preparing the goose down structure melt-blown thermal insulation and sound insulation material as claimed in claim 6, wherein the gram weight of the superfine fiber web in the step (1) is 80g/m 2；
In the step (1), the fineness of PET and PP fibers is 15-20 mu m;
in the step (1), the weight ratio of PET to methyl methacrylate is 90: 1.
8. The method for preparing the goose down structure melt-blown thermal insulation and sound insulation material as claimed in claim 6, wherein the weight ratio of the polyimide, the polysulfonamide and the polylactic acid in the step (2) is 1:0.8: 1; the weight ratio of PET to polyimide is 40: 1;
the melt blending process in the step (2) is melt blending for 5-8min at 210 ℃, and the rotating speed of a screw is controlled to be 35-40 r/min;
in the step (2), the extrusion temperature is 160 ℃ and 190 ℃, and the filter screen temperature is 190 ℃ and 200 ℃.
9. The method for preparing the goose down structure melt-blown thermal insulation and sound insulation material according to the claim 6, wherein the goose down structure melt-blown thermal insulation and sound insulation material obtained in the step (2) is subjected to melt-blown spinning in a screw extruder and respectively subjected to melting in a first extruder area, a second extruder area, a third extruder area, a fourth extruder area, a fifth extruder area and a sixth extruder area which are gradually heated; the temperature of the first zone of the extruder is 160-170 ℃; the temperature of the second zone of the extruder is 165-175 ℃; the temperature of the three zones of the extruder is 160-175 ℃; the temperature of the four zones of the extruder is 175-180 ℃; the temperature of the five zones of the extruder is 180-185 ℃; the temperature of the six zones of the extruder is 180-190 ℃; the temperature of the outlet of the extruder is 190 ℃ to 210 ℃.
10. The method for preparing the goose down structure melt-blown thermal insulation and sound insulation material as claimed in claim 6, wherein the temperature of the spinneret plate in the step (3) is 200-210 ℃, the temperature of the hot air flow is 220-230 ℃, and the pressure of the hot air flow is 0.12-0.14 MPa;
the diameter of the superfine fiber in the step (3) is 2-5 μm;
and (3) the rotating speed of the net conveying curtain is 6.0-6.4m/min, and the receiving distance is 25-35 cm.
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