CN111850808A - Carbon fiber and basalt fiber weaving process - Google Patents

Carbon fiber and basalt fiber weaving process Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111850808A
CN111850808A CN202010526347.5A CN202010526347A CN111850808A CN 111850808 A CN111850808 A CN 111850808A CN 202010526347 A CN202010526347 A CN 202010526347A CN 111850808 A CN111850808 A CN 111850808A
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carbon fiber
yarn
fiber
basalt
yarns
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CN202010526347.5A
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Inventor
马俊
杨建军
马国栋
马亚田
杨双建
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Jieshou Shuangxin Textile Co ltd
Anhui Ansai New Material Co ltd
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Jieshou Shuangxin Textile Co ltd
Anhui Ansai New Material Co ltd
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Priority to CN202010526347.5A priority Critical patent/CN111850808A/en
Publication of CN111850808A publication Critical patent/CN111850808A/en
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    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04CBRAIDING OR MANUFACTURE OF LACE, INCLUDING BOBBIN-NET OR CARBONISED LACE; BRAIDING MACHINES; BRAID; LACE
    • D04C1/00Braid or lace, e.g. pillow-lace; Processes for the manufacture thereof
    • D04C1/02Braid or lace, e.g. pillow-lace; Processes for the manufacture thereof made from particular materials

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a carbon fiber and basalt fiber weaving process, firstly, nano-scale carbon fibers are used as inner cores, and then polyester yarns are spun and wrapped on the fibers to prepare basalt fiber yarns; then taking the carbon fiber as an inner core, and wrapping the nylon yarn and the spandex yarn serving as the outer covering yarn on the carbon fiber in positive and negative two different spiral directions by using a high-speed wrapping machine to prepare a flat carbon fiber yarn; the carbon fiber filaments are used as warps, the basalt fiber filaments are used as wefts, the warps are of a three-layer structure, every two warps are combined, the first layer of warp combination combines two longitudinal weft monofilaments, the second layer of warps combines two transverse weft monofilaments, and the third layer of warps combines two longitudinal weft monofilaments to obtain a three-warp flat filament structure. The nylon yarn and the spandex yarn are wrapped on the carbon fiber yarn in the positive and negative directions, so that the nylon yarn and the spandex yarn are high in tension and have a high-elasticity binding and pressing effect. The three-warp flat filament tissue is obtained, the wear resistance of the net body is enhanced, and the service life is prolonged.

Description

Carbon fiber and basalt fiber weaving process
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of textile weaving, and particularly relates to a weaving process of carbon fibers and basalt fibers.
Background
The carbon fiber and the basalt fiber have many advantages in the aspects of physical properties and adaptability as a new composite material, and have the advantages of low density, high specific strength and specific modulus, stable structure size, high temperature resistance, fatigue resistance, wear resistance and the like.
The weaving method of warp-knitted multiaxial reinforced composite material in the market at present is generally chain stitch, warp flat stitch or variable warp flat stitch and the combination of these modes, the multiaxial reinforced composite material woven by these more general weaving methods, its weaving warp is always woven along the warp direction, the warp fibers only move in the warp direction, there is no transverse movement, the binding wire is sewed and woven between the fibers, because the binding wire has certain tension, make the single strand warp fibers bound together and result in the interval to produce between the warp fibers, and this interval is after making the products, is filled by the resin, relatively speaking, the increase of the interval can make the resin matrix content deviate and then the volume content of the fiber is reduced, cause the products performance to reduce, so need to propose a new-type weaving mode.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a carbon fiber and basalt fiber weaving process.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a carbon fiber and basalt fiber weaving process comprises the following steps:
1) preparing carbon fiber yarns, namely spinning and wrapping the nanoscale carbon fibers on the nanoscale carbon fibers by taking the nanoscale carbon fibers as inner cores, and preparing the carbon fiber yarns;
2) the production method comprises the following steps of preparing basalt fiber yarns, namely taking the basalt fiber as an inner core, and wrapping the basalt fiber yarns and the spandex yarns serving as outer covering yarns on the basalt fiber yarns through a high-speed wrapping machine according to two different spiral directions, so as to prepare the basalt fiber yarns;
3) weaving, namely taking basalt fibers as warps, taking carbon fibers as wefts, and taking the warps as a three-layer structure, wherein the first layer of warp combination combines two longitudinal weft monofilaments, the second layer of warps combines two transverse weft monofilaments, and the third layer of warps combines two longitudinal weft monofilaments to obtain a three-warp flat yarn structure;
4) dyeing, namely adding a dye and a color fixing agent to dye the primary finished product of the three-warp flat filament tissue at the temperature of 50-60 ℃;
5) after sizing and dyeing, the crude product of the flat filament dry net is coiled into an internal heating heat setting machine along the machine conveying direction, and the crude product of the three-warp flat filament dry net is conveyed to a stretcher for stretching;
6) And cooling and rolling: introducing the stretched and shaped crude product of the three-warp-yarn flat filament dry net into a cooling pool, cooling and rolling to obtain a flat filament dry net;
7) and checking and accepting and packaging: and (4) carrying out comprehensive inspection according to an industrial standard, and packaging after the product is qualified.
Further, in the step 1), the carbon fiber yarn is composed of a nano-scale carbon fiber yarn as an inner core and a 15D/1F polyester yarn as an outer covering yarn spun and wrapped on the nano-scale carbon fiber yarn.
Further, in the step 1), the tension of the polyester yarn is controlled to be 1.2-1.6 g, the twist of the manufactured carbon fiber yarn is 1500-1800T/M, and the draft ratio is 2.0-2.5.
Further, in the step 2), the nylon yarn and the spandex yarn are wrapped on the basalt fiber yarn in the positive and negative directions.
Further, the nylon yarn is wrapped on the basalt fiber yarn in the axial direction of the carbon fiber yarn in the direction of a forward thread, and the spandex yarn is wrapped on the basalt fiber yarn in the axial direction of the basalt fiber yarn in the direction of a reverse thread.
Furthermore, the twist of the produced flat basalt fiber filaments is 2000-2400T/M, and the draw ratio is 3.0-3.5.
Further, in the step 5), the drawing speed of the drawing machine is 40-80 m/min, and the reciprocating times are 4-7.
Further, in the step 5), the temperature of the roller of the heat setting machine is kept at 180 ℃ and 200 ℃.
Further, in the step 6), the temperature of cooling water in the cooling pool is 25-40 ℃.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the carbon fiber yarn is spun by polyester yarn and wrapped on the nano-scale carbon fiber yarn to form a certain binding force, the basalt fiber yarn serving as an inner yarn and the polyamide fiber yarn and the spandex yarn serving as an outer wrapping yarn and wrapped on the basalt fiber are arranged on the basalt fiber yarn, the polyamide fiber yarn and the spandex yarn are wrapped on the basalt fiber yarn in the positive and negative directions, the tension is high, the yarn hooking and the pilling are not easy to happen, and the high-elasticity binding effect is achieved. Two groups of materials with the binding and pressing effect adopt three layers of warps and adopt a structure mode of combining every two warps; the three-warp flat filament tissue is obtained, the contact surface of the knitted net body is increased, the wear resistance of the net body is enhanced, and the service life is prolonged.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments.
Example 1
A carbon fiber and basalt fiber weaving process comprises the following steps:
1) the preparation method comprises the following steps of preparing carbon fiber yarns, namely, taking nano glass yarns as an inner core, spinning and wrapping 15D/1F polyester yarns on the nano carbon fiber yarns, controlling the tension of the polyester yarns to be 1.2 g, and preparing the carbon fiber yarns with the twist of 1500T/M and the draft ratio of 2.0;
2) preparing basalt fibers, namely taking the basalt fibers as an inner core, and wrapping the polyamide fibers and the spandex fibers serving as outer covering yarns on the basalt fibers in positive and negative two different spiral directions by using a high-speed wrapping machine to prepare flat basalt fibers with the twist degree of 2000T/M and the draft ratio of 3.0;
3) weaving, namely using basalt fiber filaments as warps, using carbon fiber filaments as wefts, wherein the warps are of a three-layer structure, combining every two warps, arranging warp monofilaments between two weft monofilaments and two warp monofilament combinations, combining two longitudinal weft monofilaments by a first layer of warp combination, combining two transverse weft monofilaments by a second layer of warp, and combining two longitudinal weft monofilaments by a third layer of warp to obtain a three-warp flat filament structure;
4) dyeing, namely adding a dye and a color fixing agent to dye the primary finished product three-warp flat filament tissue at 50 ℃ to prepare a color meeting the requirements of users, wherein the dyeing environment is a weak acid environment;
5) After sizing and dyeing, winding the crude flat filament dry net into an internal heating heat setting machine along the conveying direction of the machine, wherein the temperature is 200 ℃, and conveying the crude flat filament dry net with three warps to a stretcher for stretching; the drawing speed of the drawing machine was 40 m/min, and the number of reciprocations was 4.
6) And cooling and rolling: introducing the stretched and shaped crude product of the three-warp-yarn flat filament dry net into a cooling pool, cooling at 20 ℃, and rolling to obtain a flat filament dry net;
7) and checking and accepting and packaging: and (5) placing the qualified product into a customized packing box for packing after the qualified product is checked according to the industrial standard.
Example 2
A carbon fiber and basalt fiber weaving process comprises the following steps:
1) preparing carbon fiber yarns, namely spinning and wrapping 15D/1F polyester yarns on the nano carbon fiber yarns by taking the nano carbon fibers as an inner core, and controlling the tension of the polyester yarns to be 1.6 g, so as to prepare the carbon fiber yarns with the twist of 1800T/M and the draft ratio of 2.5;
2) preparing basalt fiber yarns, namely taking carbon fibers as an inner core, and then wrapping the nylon yarns and spandex yarns serving as outer covering yarns on the basalt fibers in positive and negative two different spiral directions by using a high-speed wrapping machine to prepare flat basalt fiber yarns with the twist of 2400T/M and the draft ratio of 3.5;
3) Weaving, namely taking basalt fiber filaments as warps, taking carbon fiber filaments as wefts, wherein the warps are of a three-layer structure, and the warps are combined in pairs; the first layer of warp combination combines two longitudinal weft monofilaments, the second layer of warp combines two transverse weft monofilaments, and the third layer of warp combines two longitudinal weft monofilaments to obtain a three-warp flat filament structure;
4) dyeing, namely adding a dye and a color fixing agent to dye the primary finished product three-warp flat filament tissue at the temperature of 60 ℃ to prepare a color meeting the requirements of users, wherein the dyeing environment is a weak acid environment;
5) finally shaping, cooling and rolling, checking and packaging.
Example 3
A carbon fiber and basalt fiber weaving process comprises the following steps:
1) the preparation method comprises the following steps of preparing carbon fiber yarns, namely, preparing nano-scale carbon fiber yarns as an inner core, spinning and wrapping 15D/1F polyester yarns on the nano-scale carbon fiber yarns, controlling the tension of the polyester yarns to be 1.4 g, and preparing the carbon fiber yarns with the twist of 1600T/M and the draft ratio of 2.5;
2) preparing basalt fibers, namely taking the basalt fibers as an inner core, and wrapping the polyamide fibers and the spandex fibers serving as outer covering yarns on the basalt fibers in positive and negative two different spiral directions by using a high-speed wrapping machine to prepare flat basalt fibers with the twist of 2200T/M and the draft ratio of 3.5;
3) Weaving, namely taking basalt fiber filaments as warps, taking carbon fiber filaments as wefts, and taking the warps as a three-layer structure; the first layer of warp combination combines two longitudinal weft monofilaments, the second layer of warp combines two transverse weft monofilaments, and the third layer of warp combines two longitudinal weft monofilaments to obtain a three-warp flat filament structure;
4) dyeing, namely adding a dye and a color fixing agent to dye the primary finished product three-warp flat filament tissue at the temperature of 60 ℃ to prepare a color meeting the requirements of users, wherein the dyeing environment is a weak acid environment;
5) finally shaping, cooling and rolling, checking and packaging.
Specifically, in the embodiment of the invention, the basalt fiber yarn is composed of basalt fiber serving as a lining yarn, and nylon yarn and spandex yarn which are used as covering yarn and wrapped on the basalt fiber, wherein the nylon yarn is 15D/1F nylon yarn, and the spandex yarn is 20D/1F spandex yarn. The nylon yarn and the spandex yarn are wrapped on the basalt fiber yarn in the positive and negative directions. Specifically, the nylon yarn is wrapped on the basalt fiber yarn in the axial direction of the basalt fiber yarn in the positive-rotation thread direction, the spandex yarn is wrapped on the basalt fiber yarn in the axial direction of the basalt fiber yarn in the negative-rotation thread direction, and during wrapping, the trough of the nylon yarn is arranged right opposite to the crest of the spandex yarn, and the nylon yarn and the spandex yarn are wrapped in the positive-negative spiral direction. The carbon fiber yarn is composed of a nano-scale carbon fiber yarn as an inner core and a 15D/1F polyester yarn as an outer covering yarn spun and wrapped on the nano-scale carbon fiber yarn.
Comparative example 1
The embodiment is basically the same as the embodiment 1, and the only difference is that in the step 1), the carbon fiber yarn is not wrapped by the polyester yarn, and the carbon fiber is directly woven with the prepared basalt fiber yarn in the step 3).
Comparative example 2
This example is substantially the same as example 1, except that in step 2), the basalt fiber is not wrapped with nylon yarn and spandex yarn in two different spiral directions, i.e., forward and reverse directions, as an over-wrap yarn. And (3) directly weaving the carbon fiber yarns and the basalt fibers in the step 3).
Comparative example 3
This example is substantially the same as example 1, except that in step 3), basalt fiber filaments are used as warp yarns, carbon fiber filaments are used as weft yarns, and cross weaving is performed in a conventional weaving manner.
The inventive examples 1-3 and comparative examples were tested for the shrinkage and elongation, the methods for testing the shrinkage were as follows: and keeping the stretched braided fabric at the temperature of 135 ℃ for 10min, and then measuring the retraction rate of the stretched braided fabric. Meanwhile, the woven materials of examples 1 to 3 of the present invention were subjected to a relative tensile strength test. The results of the tests are shown in the following table;
the test results of examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-3 are given in table one below:
Figure BDA0002531510220000061
As can be seen from the data in the table, when the carbon fiber is not wrapped by the polyester yarn, the elongation rate of the carbon fiber is reduced to a small extent, and no great influence is formed, but when the basalt fiber is not wrapped by the nylon yarn and the spandex yarn serving as the covering yarn in the forward and reverse two different spiral directions, the elongation rate of the material has obvious downward sliding, and directly slides down to less than 15% from more than 20% of the original elongation rate, and the tensile load capacity of the material linearly slides down. Meanwhile, when the multidirectional cross weaving mode is not adopted, the elongation rate of the material adopting the cross weaving mode in the prior art is only 9 percent, and the material is easy to break. Moreover, the data show that when the basalt fiber is not wrapped with the nylon yarn and the spandex yarn serving as the covering yarn in the positive and negative spiral directions, the retraction rate of the material is obviously increased and is directly increased from the original 3% to more than 15%. The relative breaking force also slides down linearly. When the multidirectional cross weaving mode is not adopted, the material adopting the cross weaving mode in the prior art is adopted, the retraction rate reaches 19 percent, the relative breaking force is 0.12N/tex, the retraction is serious, and the material is easy to break.
The fabric body has good air permeability and layering feeling by interweaving warp yarns and weft yarns into a latticed structure, the weft yarns are made of basalt fiber yarns, the basalt fiber yarns serving as lining yarns and nylon yarns and spandex yarns serving as covering yarns and wrapped on the basalt fiber yarns form the basalt fiber yarns, the nylon yarns and the spandex yarns are wrapped on the basalt fiber yarns in the positive and negative directions, the tension is high, the yarns are not easy to hook and ball, and the fabric body has excellent crease-resistant function and resilience performance.
In conclusion, the carbon fiber yarns are spun by the polyester yarns and wrapped on the nano-scale glass yarns to form a certain binding force, the basalt fiber yarns serving as the inner yarns and the polyamide yarns and spandex yarns serving as the outer wrapping yarns and wrapped on the basalt fiber yarns form the basalt fiber yarns, and the polyamide yarns and the spandex yarns are wrapped on the basalt fiber yarns in the positive and negative directions, so that the carbon fiber yarns are high in tension, difficult to hook and ball and have a high-elasticity binding effect. Two groups of materials with the binding and pressing effect adopt three layers of warps and adopt a structure mode of combining every two warps; the three-warp flat filament tissue is obtained, the contact surface of the knitted net body is increased, the wear resistance of the net body is enhanced, and the service life is prolonged.
The foregoing is merely exemplary and illustrative of the present invention and various modifications, additions and substitutions may be made by those skilled in the art to the specific embodiments described without departing from the scope of the present invention as defined in the accompanying claims.

Claims (9)

1. A carbon fiber and basalt fiber weaving process is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) the preparation of the carbon fiber yarn, namely, taking the nano-scale carbon fiber as an inner core, and then spinning and wrapping the polyester yarn on the nano-scale glass fiber to prepare the carbon fiber yarn;
2) The production method comprises the following steps of preparing basalt fiber yarns, namely taking the basalt fiber as an inner core, and wrapping the basalt fiber yarns and the spandex yarns serving as outer covering yarns on the basalt fiber yarns through a high-speed wrapping machine according to two different spiral directions, so as to prepare the basalt fiber yarns;
3) weaving, namely taking basalt fibers as warps, taking carbon fibers as wefts, and taking the warps as a three-layer structure, wherein the first layer of warp combination combines two longitudinal weft monofilaments, the second layer of warps combines two transverse weft monofilaments, and the third layer of warps combines two longitudinal weft monofilaments to obtain a three-warp flat yarn structure;
4) dyeing, namely adding a dye and a color fixing agent to dye the primary finished product of the three-warp flat filament tissue at the temperature of 50-60 ℃;
5) after sizing and dyeing, the crude product of the flat filament dry net is coiled into an internal heating heat setting machine along the machine conveying direction, and the crude product of the three-warp flat filament dry net is conveyed to a stretcher for stretching;
6) and cooling and rolling: introducing the stretched and shaped crude product of the three-warp-yarn flat filament dry net into a cooling pool, cooling and rolling to obtain a flat filament dry net;
7) and checking and accepting and packaging: and (4) carrying out comprehensive inspection according to an industrial standard, and packaging after the product is qualified.
2. A carbon fiber and basalt fiber weaving process according to claim 1, wherein in step 1), the carbon fiber filament is composed of a nano-scale carbon fiber filament as an inner core and a 15D/1F polyester filament spun as an outer covering yarn wrapped around the nano-scale carbon fiber filament.
3. The weaving process of carbon fiber and basalt fiber according to claim 2, characterized in that in step 1), the tension of the polyester yarn is controlled to be 1.2-1.6 g, the twist of the produced carbon fiber yarn is 1500-1800T/M, and the draft ratio is 2.0-2.5.
4. The process of weaving carbon fibers and basalt fibers according to claim 1, wherein in step 2), the nylon filaments and the spandex filaments are wrapped around the basalt fiber filaments in a forward and reverse direction.
5. The carbon fiber and basalt fiber weaving process of claim 4, wherein the nylon filaments are wrapped around the basalt fiber filaments in an axial direction of the carbon fiber filaments with a forward thread direction, and the spandex filaments are wrapped around the basalt fiber filaments in an axial direction of the basalt fiber filaments with a reverse thread direction.
6. The carbon fiber and basalt fiber weaving process according to claim 1, wherein in the step 2), the flat basalt fiber filament is manufactured with a twist of 2000-2400T/M and a draft ratio of 3.0-3.5.
7. A weaving process of glass fiber and carbon fiber as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, in step 5), the drawing speed of the drawing machine is 40-80 m/min, and the number of reciprocating times is 4-7.
8. A weaving process for glass fiber and carbon fiber as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, in step 5), the roller temperature of the heat setting machine is kept at 180-200 ℃.
9. A weaving process of glass fiber and carbon fiber as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that in step 6), the temperature of the cooling water in the cooling tank is 25-40 ℃.
CN202010526347.5A 2020-06-09 2020-06-09 Carbon fiber and basalt fiber weaving process Pending CN111850808A (en)

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CN202010526347.5A CN111850808A (en) 2020-06-09 2020-06-09 Carbon fiber and basalt fiber weaving process

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202010526347.5A CN111850808A (en) 2020-06-09 2020-06-09 Carbon fiber and basalt fiber weaving process

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CN111850808A true CN111850808A (en) 2020-10-30

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