CN111847607B - Method for removing floating plants and phytoplankton - Google Patents
Method for removing floating plants and phytoplankton Download PDFInfo
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- CN111847607B CN111847607B CN202010714785.4A CN202010714785A CN111847607B CN 111847607 B CN111847607 B CN 111847607B CN 202010714785 A CN202010714785 A CN 202010714785A CN 111847607 B CN111847607 B CN 111847607B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/50—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition or application of a germicide or by oligodynamic treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/286—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using natural organic sorbents or derivatives thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/54—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using organic material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/20—Prevention of biofouling
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for removing floating plants and phytoplankton, which comprises the following steps: adding andrographolide into water containing floating plants or phytoplankton to make andrographolide concentration in water be 50-600mg/L, and maintaining the concentration for 1-7 days. The method for removing the floating plants and the phytoplankton provided by the embodiment of the invention is simple to operate, can effectively remove the floating plants and the phytoplankton in the water body, and meanwhile, the andrographolide is non-toxic and degradable and has no secondary pollution. The method realizes the synchronization of high-efficiency treatment and environmental safety, removes floating plants and phytoplankton and degrades simultaneously, and provides new technology and experience for the ecological treatment of the water body.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of water treatment, in particular to a method for removing floating plants and phytoplankton.
Background
At present, the water environment pollution condition is serious, and with the increasing complication of the water environment pollution problem, the water pollution treatment is challenged. Duckweed and algae in water affect the ecology of water, and especially in the high-outbreak period of duckweed, when a certain amount of duckweed on the water surface of a certain water area is reached, the dissolved oxygen in water is reduced, so that the water quality is rapidly deteriorated. Meanwhile, the growth and propagation speed of the duckweed is high, and the duckweed can grow in geometric progression particularly in relatively static water bodies such as ponds, ditches, cofferdams and the like. The algae not only consume oxygen in water to cause fish, plankton and the like to be dead due to oxygen deficiency, but also cause further deterioration of water quality due to rotting of corpses of the fishes, the plankton and the like. Meanwhile, many algae produce algal toxins, which are usually mostly present in algal cells, and when the cells are ruptured or aged, the toxins are released into water, thereby easily causing death of aquatic organisms, animals and plants.
At present, methods for removing duckweeds or algae mainly comprise physical fishing, equipment treatment, medicament throwing and the like. Physical fishing is time consuming and labor intensive and does not prevent regrowth of duckweed or algae. The equipment treatment investment cost is high, and meanwhile, the problems of later management and maintenance of the equipment, how to treat the salvaged duckweed or algae and the like need to be considered. The medicament is the most effective and convenient method for treating duckweed or algae, but the traditional medicament for removing duckweed or algae usually contains toxic chemical substances, so that secondary pollution to the environment is easily caused, and synchronization of efficient duckweed removal and environment safety cannot be realized.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for removing floating plants and phytoplankton, so as to realize the synchronization of efficient removal of the floating plants and the phytoplankton and environmental safety. The specific technical scheme is as follows:
a method of removing floating and phytoplankton comprising the steps of: adding andrographolide into water containing floating plants or phytoplankton to make andrographolide concentration in water be 50-600mg/L, and keeping the concentration for 1-7 days; wherein the floating plant comprises duckweed, the phytoplankton comprises algae, and the andrographolide comprises natural andrographolide or artificially synthesized andrographolide; the water body comprises a natural water body or an artificial water body, the natural water body comprises a river, a pond or a lake, and the artificial water body comprises a landscape pool, an industrial wastewater pool or a domestic sewage pool.
Preferably, the duckweed comprises at least one of apple duckweed, duckweed and duckweed, and the algae comprises at least one of blue algae, euglena, green algae, diatom, stonewort, chrysophyceae, yellow algae, dinoflagellate, brown algae and red algae.
Preferably, the duckweed is apple duckweed, and the concentration of the andrographolide in the water body is 150-600 mg/L.
Preferably, the duckweed is the duckweed circle center, and the concentration of the andrographolide in the water body is 180-575 mg/L.
Preferably, the duckweed is duckweed, and the concentration of andrographolide in the water body is 185-550 mg/L.
Preferably, the algae is blue algae, and the concentration of andrographolide in the water body is 75-240 mg/L.
Preferably, the algae is duckweed, and the concentration of andrographolide in the water body is 50-280 mg/L.
Preferably, the algae is diatom, and the concentration of andrographolide in the water body is 100-460 mg/L.
Preferably, the andrographolide comprises solid andrographolide or a solution containing andrographolide.
Preferably, the EC50 value of andrographolide on duckweed is 150-300mg/L, and the EC50 value of andrographolide on algae is 70-220 mg/L.
The method for removing the floating plants and the phytoplankton provided by the embodiment of the invention is simple to operate, can effectively remove duckweed or algae in the water body, and meanwhile, andrographolide is non-toxic and degradable and has no secondary pollution. The method realizes the synchronization of high-efficiency treatment and environmental safety, removes floating plants and phytoplankton and degrades simultaneously, and provides new technology and experience for the ecological treatment of the water body.
Of course, not all of the advantages described above need to be achieved at the same time in the practice of any one product or method of the invention.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a method for removing floating plants and phytoplankton, which comprises the following steps: adding andrographolide into water containing floating plants or phytoplankton to make andrographolide concentration in water be 50-600mg/L, and keeping the concentration for 1-7 days; wherein the floating plant comprises duckweed, the phytoplankton comprises algae, and the andrographolide comprises natural andrographolide or artificially synthesized andrographolide; the water body comprises a natural water body or an artificial water body, the natural water body comprises a river, a pond or a lake, and the artificial water body comprises a landscape pool, an industrial wastewater pool or a domestic sewage pool.
In the present invention, the floating plant may be a type of floating plant in which a plant body floats on the water surface; the phytoplankton may be a tiny plant living as a phytoplankton in water, both of which are aquatic plants.
The inventor finds that the andrographolide can not only kill cells rapidly and effectively, but also has the function of adsorption and flocculation, after the andrographolide is added into a water body containing duckweed or algae and stays for a period of time, a large amount of duckweed or algae in the water body die, and meanwhile, the andrographolide is degraded, can form a complex with pollutants in the water body, and sinks into the water along with the increase of the volume and the weight of the complex.
In the invention, the molecular formula of the andrographolide is C 20 H 30 O 5 The chemical structure of the compound is shown as formula I, and the compound can be natural andrographolide, artificially synthesized andrographolide or a mixture of the natural andrographolide and the artificially synthesized andrographolide known in the prior art.
In a preferred embodiment, the buoyant plant is duckweed, and the concentration of andrographolide in the body of water is 50-600mg/L, and is maintained for 3-7 days.
In a preferred embodiment, the phytoplankton is algae, the concentration of andrographolide in the water is 50-460mg/L, and the concentration is maintained for 1-3 days.
In a specific embodiment, the duckweed comprises at least one of apple duckweed, circle-center duckweed and micro-duckweed. In practical applications, the duckweed is not limited to the above-mentioned species, and may include lemna minor, duckweed, and duckweed.
In one embodiment, the algae includes at least one of cyanobacteria, euglena, chlorella, diatom, stonewort, chrysophyceae, dinoflagellate, brown algae, and red algae. In practice, the algae are not limited to the above listed species.
In a specific embodiment, the duckweed is apple duckweed, the concentration of andrographolide in the water body is 150-600mg/L, and the removal rate is 35-100%.
In a specific embodiment, the duckweed is the circle-center duckweed, the concentration of andrographolide in the water body is 180-575mg/L, and the removal rate is 30-100%.
In a specific embodiment, the duckweed is duckweed, the concentration of andrographolide in the water body is 185-550mg/L, and the removal rate is 30-100%.
In the invention, andrographolide with different concentrations in the water body realizes removal rates of apple duckweed, circle center duckweed or duckweed with different degrees. When the andrographolide is in a certain concentration range, the apple duckweed, the circle-center duckweed or the duckweed can be completely removed. Therefore, in practical application, the concentration of andrographolide in the water body can be selected according to actual requirements, so that the addition amount of andrographolide is determined.
In a specific embodiment, the algae is blue algae, the concentration of andrographolide in the water body is 75-240mg/L, and the removal rate is 30-100%.
In a specific embodiment, the algae is duckweed, the concentration of andrographolide in the water body is 50-280mg/L, and the removal rate is 30-100%.
In one embodiment, the algae is diatom, the concentration of andrographolide in the water is 100-460mg/L, and the removal rate is 30-100%.
In the invention, andrographolide with different concentrations in the water body realizes removal rates of blue algae, green algae or diatom with different degrees. When the andrographolide is in a certain concentration range, the blue algae, the green algae or the diatom can be completely removed. Therefore, in practical application, the concentration of andrographolide in the water body can be selected according to actual requirements, so that the addition amount of andrographolide is determined.
In one embodiment, the andrographolide comprises solid andrographolide or a solution containing andrographolide. When andrographolide is added into water containing duckweed or algae, powdery or granular solid andrographolide can be directly added into water, or andrographolide can be prepared into solution and added into water. The solid andrographolide is directly added into the water body, the operation is simple, and the controllability is strong. The andrographolide prepared into the solution is added into the water body, which is more beneficial to the uniform dispersion of the andrographolide in the water body, thereby being capable of effectively removing the duckweed.
In the present invention, the solvent of the andrographolide solution is not particularly limited as long as the object of the present invention can be achieved, and andrographolide is uniformly dispersed to form an andrographolide solution. For example, the solvent of the solution may be deionized water. The concentration of the andrographolide solution is not particularly limited as long as the object of the present invention can be achieved. For example, the concentration of the solution may be 50-600 mg/mL.
In one embodiment, the EC50 value of andrographolide for duckweed is 150-300mg/L, and the EC50 value of andrographolide for algae is 70-220mg/L, i.e., the water body containing andrographolide at a lower concentration can effectively remove duckweed or algae. Therefore, the method for removing the duckweed or the algae in the nature has small influence on the ecological environment; meanwhile, the andrographolide is non-toxic and degradable, has no secondary pollution, and realizes high-efficiency treatment and environmental safety synchronization.
In the present invention, the EC50 refers to the concentration of the test substance that causes the growth rate of the test organism to be reduced by 50% compared with the control. The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The method for measuring the removal rate of the andrographolide on the duckweed or algae comprises the following steps:
control group: placing a certain amount of duckweed or algae in a culture vessel, culturing at 15-35 deg.C under sufficient illumination for 1-7 days, and counting the number of duckweed or algae to be recorded as X 0 。
Duckweed experimental group: placing a certain amount of herba Spirodelae in a culture vessel, adding andrographolide into water containing herba Spirodelae, culturing at 15-35 deg.C under sufficient illumination for 1-7 days, counting the number of surviving herba Spirodelae or algae and recording as X 1 . The removal rate of andrographolide to duckweed or algae is equal to (X) 0 -X 1 )/X 0 ×100％。
In the present invention, the method for counting duckweed or algae is not particularly limited, and the object of the present invention can be achieved. For example, microscopic cytometry.
Andrographolide on duckweed or algae EC 50 The calculation method of the value: the logarithm of 10 in the concentration was plotted as the abscissa and the value corresponding to the growth inhibition ratio was plotted as the ordinate to determine the regression equation and the correlation coefficient R for each test concentration, and the value of EC50 and the 95% confidence interval were determined from the value corresponding to the growth inhibition ratio of 50%.
Growth rate V ═ ln (N/N) 0 )/T
Growth inhibition ratio of I ═ V 0 -V n )/V 0 ×100％
Wherein N is the number of plants at time T (unit: day); n is a radical of 0 Is the initial plant number; v 0 Is the growth rate of the control group; v n Is the growth rate at concentration n.
Example 1
Placing 1L of solution containing 500 Mallotus into a culture vessel, and culturing at 35 deg.C under sufficient illumination for 7 days.
Placing 1L of solution containing 500 apple duckweeds in a culture vessel, weighing 150mg andrographolide powder, adding into the solution, and culturing at 35 deg.C under sufficient illumination for 7 days, wherein the concentration of andrographolide in the solution is 150 mg/L.
The removal rate was calculated to be 35% after the end of the culture.
Example 2
Putting 1L of solution containing 500 Mallotus into a culture vessel, and culturing at 15 deg.C under sufficient illumination for 4 days.
Placing 1L of solution containing 500 apple duckweeds in a culture vessel, weighing 500mg andrographolide powder, adding into the solution, and culturing at 15 deg.C under sufficient illumination for 4 days, wherein the concentration of andrographolide in the solution is 500 mg/L.
The removal rate was calculated to be 62% after the end of the culture.
Example 3
Placing 1L of solution containing 500 Mallotus into a culture vessel, and culturing at 35 deg.C under sufficient illumination for 7 days.
Placing 1L of solution containing 500 apple duckweeds in a culture vessel, weighing 300mg of andrographolide powder, adding into the solution, and culturing at 35 deg.C under sufficient illumination for 7 days, wherein the concentration of andrographolide in the solution is 300 mg/L.
The removal rate was calculated to be 57% after the end of the culture.
Example 4
1L of the solution containing 100 apple duckweeds is placed in a culture vessel and then cultured for 7 days at the temperature of 35 ℃ under sufficient illumination.
Placing 1L of solution containing 100 apple duckweeds in a culture vessel, weighing 400mg andrographolide particles, adding into the solution, and culturing at 35 deg.C under sufficient illumination for 7 days, wherein the concentration of andrographolide in the solution is 400 mg/L.
The removal rate was calculated to be 71% after the end of the culture.
Example 5
Placing 1L of solution containing 500 Mallotus into a culture vessel, and culturing at 35 deg.C under sufficient illumination for 7 days.
Putting 1L of solution containing 500 apple duckweeds into a culture vessel, adding 1mL of andrographolide solution (with the concentration of 500mg/mL) into the apple duckweed solution, and culturing for 7 days at 35 ℃ under sufficient illumination, wherein the solvent of the andrographolide solution is deionized water, and the concentration of andrographolide in the apple duckweed solution is 500 mg/L.
The removal rate was calculated to be 84% after the end of the culture.
Example 6
Placing 1L of solution containing 500 Mallotus into a culture vessel, and culturing at 35 deg.C under sufficient illumination for 3 days.
Placing 1L of solution containing 500 apple duckweeds in a culture vessel, weighing 500mg andrographolide powder, adding into the solution, and culturing at 35 deg.C under sufficient illumination for 3 days, wherein the concentration of andrographolide in the solution is 500 mg/L.
The removal rate was calculated to be 41% after the end of the culture.
Example 7
Putting 1L of solution containing 500 Mallotus into a culture vessel, and culturing at 35 deg.C under sufficient illumination for 7 days.
Putting 1L of solution containing 500 apple duckweeds into a culture vessel, weighing 598mg of andrographolide powder, adding into the solution, and culturing at 35 deg.C under sufficient illumination for 7 days, wherein the concentration of andrographolide in the solution is 598 mg/L.
The removal rate was calculated to be 100% after the end of the culture.
Example 8
Placing 1L of solution containing 100 Spirodela polyrhiza in a culture vessel, and culturing at 35 deg.C under sufficient illumination for 7 days.
Putting 1L of solution containing 100 pieces of common Spirodela in a culture vessel, adding 1mL of andrographolide solution (with the concentration of 300mg/mL) into the solution, and culturing for 7 days at 35 ℃ under sufficient illumination, wherein the solvent of the andrographolide solution is deionized water, and the concentration of the andrographolide in the common Spirodela solution is 300 mg/L.
The removal rate was calculated to be 56% after the end of the culture.
Example 9
Placing 1L of solution containing 100 Spirodela polyrhiza in a culture vessel, and culturing at 35 deg.C under sufficient illumination for 7 days.
Placing 1L of solution containing 100 Spirodela polyrhiza in a culture vessel, weighing 500mg andrographolide powder, adding into the solution, and culturing at 35 deg.C under sufficient illumination for 7 days, wherein the concentration of andrographolide in the solution is 500 mg/L.
The removal rate was calculated to be 88% after the end of the culture.
Example 10
Placing 1L of solution containing 100 Spirodela polyrhiza in a culture vessel, and culturing at 35 deg.C under sufficient illumination for 7 days.
Placing 1L of solution containing 100 Spirodela polyrhiza in a culture vessel, weighing 180mg of andrographolide powder, adding into the solution, and culturing at 35 deg.C under sufficient illumination for 7 days, wherein the concentration of andrographolide in the solution is 180 mg/L.
The removal rate was calculated to be 30% after the end of the culture.
Example 11
Placing 1L of solution containing 100 Spirodela polyrhiza in a culture vessel, and culturing at 35 deg.C under sufficient illumination for 7 days.
Placing 1L of solution containing 100 Spirodela polyrhiza in a culture vessel, weighing 571mg of andrographolide powder, adding into the solution, and culturing at 35 deg.C under sufficient illumination for 7 days, wherein the concentration of andrographolide in the solution is 571 mg/L.
The removal rate was calculated to be 100% after the end of the culture.
Example 12
1L of the solution containing 500 duckweeds was placed in a culture vessel and cultured at 35 ℃ under sufficient light for 7 days.
Putting 1L of solution containing 500 duckweeds into a culture vessel, weighing 185mg of andrographolide powder, adding into the solution, and culturing at 35 deg.C under sufficient illumination for 7 days, wherein the concentration of andrographolide in the solution is 185 mg/L.
The removal rate was calculated to be 31% after the end of the culture.
Example 13
1L of solution containing 500 duckweeds is placed in a culture vessel and then cultured for 7 days at 35 ℃ under sufficient illumination.
Placing 1L of solution containing 500 herba Spirodelae in a culture vessel, weighing 300mg andrographolide powder, adding into the solution, and culturing at 35 deg.C under sufficient illumination for 7 days, wherein the concentration of andrographolide in the solution is 300 mg/L.
The removal rate was calculated to be 68% after the end of the culture.
Example 14
1L of the solution containing 500 duckweeds was placed in a culture vessel and cultured at 35 ℃ under sufficient light for 7 days.
Placing 1L of solution containing 500 herba Spirodelae in a culture vessel, weighing 400mg andrographolide powder, adding into the solution, and culturing at 35 deg.C under sufficient illumination for 7 days, wherein the concentration of andrographolide in the solution is 400 mg/L.
The removal rate was calculated to be 73% after the end of the culture.
Example 15
1L of the solution containing 500 duckweeds was placed in a culture vessel and cultured at 35 ℃ under sufficient light for 7 days.
Placing 1L of solution containing 500 herba Spirodelae into culture vessel, weighing 500mg andrographolide powder, adding into the solution, and culturing at 35 deg.C under sufficient illumination for 7 days, wherein the concentration of andrographolide in the solution is 500 mg/L.
The removal rate was calculated to be 95% after the end of the culture.
Example 16
1L of the solution containing 500 duckweeds was placed in a culture vessel and cultured at 35 ℃ under sufficient light for 7 days.
Placing 1L of solution containing 500 herba Spirodelae into a culture vessel, weighing 542mg andrographolide powder, adding into the solution, and culturing at 35 deg.C under sufficient illumination for 7 days, wherein the concentration of andrographolide in the solution is 542 mg/L.
The removal rate was calculated to be 100% after the end of the culture.
Example 17
Taking 1L of 5 × 10 5 The blue algae solution per mL is put into a culture vessel and then cultured for 2 days under the condition of 15 ℃ and full illumination.
Taking 1L of 5 × 10 5 Placing one/mL of blue algae solution in a culture vessel, weighing 150mg of andrographolide powder, adding the andrographolide powder into the solution, and then culturing for 2 days at 15 ℃ under the condition of full illumination, wherein the concentration of andrographolide in the solution is 150 mg/L.
The removal rate was calculated to be 70% after the end of the culture.
Example 18
Taking 1L of 5 × 10 5 Putting the blue algae solution of per mL into cultureThe cells were cultured in a dish at 35 ℃ under sufficient light for 3 days.
Taking 1L of 5 × 10 5 Placing one/mL of blue algae solution in a culture vessel, weighing 100mg of andrographolide powder, adding the powder into the solution, and culturing for 3 days at 35 ℃ under sufficient illumination, wherein the concentration of andrographolide in the solution is 100 mg/L.
The removal rate was calculated to be 55% after the end of the culture.
Example 19
Taking 1L of 5 × 10 5 The blue algae solution per mL is put into a culture vessel and then cultured for 3 days under the condition of sufficient illumination at the temperature of 35 ℃.
Taking 1L of 5 × 10 5 Putting each/mL of the blue algae solution into a culture vessel, adding 1mL of andrographolide solution (with the concentration of 200mg/mL) into the blue algae solution, and then culturing for 3 days at the temperature of 35 ℃ under the condition of sufficient illumination, wherein the solvent of the andrographolide solution is deionized water, and the concentration of the andrographolide in the blue algae solution is 200 mg/L.
The removal rate was calculated to be 80% after the end of the culture.
Example 20
Taking 1L of 5X 10 5 The blue algae solution per mL is put into a culture vessel and then cultured for 3 days under the condition of sufficient illumination at the temperature of 35 ℃.
Taking 1L of 5 × 10 5 Placing one/mL of blue algae solution in a culture vessel, weighing 75mg of andrographolide powder, adding the andrographolide powder into the solution, and culturing for 3 days at 35 ℃ under sufficient illumination, wherein the concentration of andrographolide in the solution is 75 mg/L.
The removal rate was calculated to be 30% after the end of the culture.
Example 21
Taking 1L of 5 × 10 5 The blue algae solution per mL is put into a culture vessel and then cultured for 3 days under the condition of sufficient illumination at the temperature of 35 ℃.
Taking 1L of 5 × 10 5 Placing per mL blue algae solution in culture vessel, weighing 237mg andrographolide powder, adding into the solution, and heating at 35 deg.CCulturing for 3 days under sufficient light, wherein the concentration of andrographolide in the solution is 237 mg/L.
The removal rate was calculated to be 100% after the end of the culture.
Example 22
Taking 1L of 4.5X 10 5 The individual/mL of the green algae solution was placed in a culture vessel and then cultured for 3 days at 35 ℃ under sufficient light.
Taking 1L of 4.5X 10 5 Placing each/mL of green algae solution in a culture vessel, adding 1mL of andrographolide solution (with concentration of 100mg/mL) into the green algae solution, and culturing at 35 deg.C under sufficient illumination for 3 days, wherein the solvent of andrographolide solution is deionized water, and the concentration of andrographolide in the green algae solution is 100 mg/L.
The removal rate was calculated to be 60% after the end of the culture.
Example 23
Taking 1L of 4.5X 10 5 The individual/mL of the green algae solution was placed in a culture vessel and then cultured for 3 days at 35 ℃ under sufficient light.
Taking 1L of 4.5X 10 5 Placing the green algae solution in a culture vessel, weighing 150mg of andrographolide powder, adding into the solution, and culturing at 35 deg.C under sufficient illumination for 3 days, wherein the concentration of andrographolide in the solution is 150 mg/L.
The removal rate was calculated to be 75% after the end of the culture.
Example 24
Taking 1L of 4.5X 10 5 The individual/mL of the green algae solution was placed in a culture vessel and then cultured for 3 days at 35 ℃ under sufficient light.
Taking 1L of 4.5X 10 5 Placing the green algae solution in a culture vessel, weighing 200mg of andrographolide powder, adding into the solution, and culturing at 35 deg.C under sufficient illumination for 3 days, wherein the concentration of andrographolide in the solution is 200 mg/L.
The removal rate was calculated to be 82% after the end of the culture.
Example 25
Taking 1L of 4.5X 10 5 The individual/mL of the green algae solution was placed in a culture vessel and then cultured for 2 days at 35 ℃ under sufficient light.
Taking 1L of 4.5X 10 5 Placing the green algae solution in a culture vessel, weighing 50mg of andrographolide powder, adding into the solution, and culturing at 35 deg.C under sufficient illumination for 2 days, wherein the concentration of andrographolide in the solution is 50 mg/L.
The removal rate was calculated to be 32% after the end of the culture.
Example 26
Taking 1L of 4.5X 10 5 The solution of green algae was placed in a culture vessel and cultured at 35 ℃ under sufficient light for 3 days.
Taking 1L of 4.5X 10 5 Placing the green algae solution in a culture vessel, weighing 280mg of andrographolide powder, adding into the solution, and culturing at 35 deg.C under sufficient illumination for 3 days, wherein the concentration of andrographolide in the solution is 280 mg/L.
The removal rate was calculated to be 100% after the end of the culture.
Example 27
Taking 1L of the extract with the concentration of 4 multiplied by 10 5 The diatom solution was placed in a culture vessel and incubated at 35 ℃ for 3 days under full light.
Taking 1L of 4 × 10 5 Placing each/mL of diatom solution in a culture vessel, weighing 200mg of andrographolide powder, adding into the diatom solution, and culturing at 35 deg.C under sufficient illumination for 3 days, wherein the concentration of andrographolide in the solution is 200 mg/L.
The removal rate was calculated to be 58% after the end of the culture.
Example 28
Taking 1L of the extract with the concentration of 4 multiplied by 10 5 The diatom solution was placed in a culture vessel and incubated at 35 ℃ for 3 days under full light.
Taking 1L of the extract with the concentration of 4 multiplied by 10 5 Placing each/mL of diatom solution in a culture vessel, weighing 400mg of andrographolide powder,adding into diatom solution, and culturing at 35 deg.C under sufficient illumination for 3 days, wherein the concentration of andrographolide in the solution is 400 mg/L.
The removal rate was calculated to be 85% after the end of the culture.
Example 29
Taking 1L of 4 × 10 5 The diatom solution was placed in a culture vessel and incubated at 35 ℃ for 3 days under full light.
Taking 1L of 4 × 10 5 Placing each/mL of diatom solution in a culture vessel, weighing 100mg of andrographolide powder, adding into the diatom solution, and culturing at 35 deg.C under sufficient illumination for 3 days, wherein the concentration of andrographolide in the solution is 100 mg/L.
The removal rate was calculated to be 31% after the end of the culture.
Example 30
Taking 1L of the extract with the concentration of 4 multiplied by 10 5 The diatom solution was placed in a culture vessel and incubated at 35 ℃ for 3 days under full light.
Taking 1L of 4 × 10 5 Putting the individual/mL of the diatom solution into a culture vessel, weighing 460mg of andrographolide powder, adding the powder into the diatom solution, and then culturing for 3 days at 35 ℃ under sufficient illumination, wherein the concentration of andrographolide in the solution is 460 mg/L.
The removal rate was calculated to be 100% after the end of the culture.
The results of the experiments for each example are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 Experimental results for the examples
From the experimental results of examples 1 to 16, it can be seen that the method for removing the floating plants and the phytoplankton provided by the present invention can effectively remove the apple duckweed, the circle-center duckweed and the duckweed in the water body, and from examples 7, 11 and 16, the removal efficiency of the apple duckweed, the circle-center duckweed and the duckweed can reach 100%. Meanwhile, the EC50 and the confidence interval of andrographolide on apple duckweed are calculated to be 269.5 +/-149.1 mg/L, the EC50 and the confidence interval of Duckweed in the circle center are 288.8 +/-217.4 mg/L, and the EC50 and the confidence interval of Duckweed are 163.2 +/-145.1 mg/L, which indicates that the duckweed can be effectively removed by andrographolide with lower concentration.
From the experimental results of examples 17 to 30, it can be seen that the method for removing floating plants and phytoplankton provided by the present invention can effectively remove blue algae, green algae, and diatoms in water, and from examples 21, 26, and 30, the removal efficiency of blue algae, green algae, and diatoms can reach 100%. Meanwhile, the EC50 and the confidence interval of the andrographolide on the blue-green algae are calculated to be 120.5 +/-83.0 mg/L, the EC50 and the confidence interval of the andrographolide on the green algae are 88.5 +/-54.4 mg/L, and the EC50 and the confidence interval of the andrographolide on the diatom are 201.9 +/-166.1 mg/L, which indicates that the algae can be effectively removed by the andrographolide with lower concentration. Therefore, the method realizes the synchronization of high-efficiency treatment and environmental safety, and can be applied to natural water bodies such as rivers, ponds or lakes and the like, or artificial water bodies such as landscape pools, industrial wastewater pools or domestic sewage pools and the like to remove duckweeds or algae.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for removing floating and phytoplankton, comprising the steps of:
adding andrographolide into water containing floating plants or phytoplankton to make the concentration of andrographolide in the water be 50-600mg/L, and keeping the concentration for 1-7 days;
wherein the floating plants comprise duckweed, the phytoplankton comprises algae, and the andrographolide comprises natural andrographolide or synthetic andrographolide; the water body comprises a natural water body or an artificial water body, the natural water body comprises a river, a pond or a lake, and the artificial water body comprises a landscape pool, an industrial wastewater pool or a domestic sewage pool.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein said duckweed comprises at least one of Mallotus pumila, Spirodela delavayi, and Spirodela mirifica, and said algae comprises at least one of cyanobacteria, Euglena, Chlorella, Diatoma, Rodinaria, Chrysophyta, Xanthomonas, dinoflagellate, Brown algae, and Red algae.
3. The method for removing floating plants and phytoplankton according to claim 2, wherein the duckweed is Mallotus pumila, and the concentration of the andrographolide in the water body is 150-600 mg/L.
4. The method for removing floating plants and phytoplankton according to claim 2, wherein the duckweed is Lemna circinata, and the concentration of the andrographolide in the water body is 180-575 mg/L.
5. The method for removing floating plants and phytoplankton in accordance with claim 2, wherein the duckweed is Lemna minor, and the concentration of andrographolide in the water is 185-550 mg/L.
6. The method for removing floating plants and phytoplankton according to claim 2, wherein the algae are blue algae, and the concentration of andrographolide in the water body is 75-240 mg/L.
7. The method of claim 2, wherein the algae is green algae and the concentration of andrographolide in the water is 50-280 mg/L.
8. The method for removing floating plants and phytoplankton in accordance with claim 2, wherein the algae is diatom, and the concentration of andrographolide in the water is 100-460 mg/L.
9. The method of removing floating and phytoplankton as claimed in claim 1, wherein the andrographolide comprises solid andrographolide or a solution containing andrographolide.
10. The method for removing floating and phytoplankton as claimed in claim 1, wherein the andrographolide has an EC50 value of 150-300mg/L for the duckweed and an EC50 value of 70-220mg/L for the algae.
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| CN105753140A (en) * | 2016-04-18 | 2016-07-13 | 河海大学 | Application of chlorogenic acid-wrapped water-soluble capsule in controlling growth of sewage conduit microbial membrane |
| CN108773863A (en) * | 2018-05-30 | 2018-11-09 | 佛山市航祥千安科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of natural water purification agent |
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