CN111847251A - Heavy tower crane adopting load-sensitive energy-saving hydraulic system - Google Patents
Heavy tower crane adopting load-sensitive energy-saving hydraulic system Download PDFInfo
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- CN111847251A CN111847251A CN202010926209.6A CN202010926209A CN111847251A CN 111847251 A CN111847251 A CN 111847251A CN 202010926209 A CN202010926209 A CN 202010926209A CN 111847251 A CN111847251 A CN 111847251A
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- hydraulic
- valve
- hydraulic motor
- tower crane
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
- B66C23/62—Constructional features or details
- B66C23/84—Slewing gear
- B66C23/86—Slewing gear hydraulically actuated
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C13/00—Other constructional features or details
- B66C13/18—Control systems or devices
- B66C13/20—Control systems or devices for non-electric drives
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
- B66C23/62—Constructional features or details
- B66C23/82—Luffing gear
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66D—CAPSTANS; WINCHES; TACKLES, e.g. PULLEY BLOCKS; HOISTS
- B66D1/00—Rope, cable, or chain winding mechanisms; Capstans
- B66D1/02—Driving gear
- B66D1/08—Driving gear incorporating fluid motors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B11/00—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor
- F15B11/16—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor with two or more servomotors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B21/00—Common features of fluid actuator systems; Fluid-pressure actuator systems or details thereof, not covered by any other group of this subclass
- F15B21/14—Energy-recuperation means
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Control And Safety Of Cranes (AREA)
- Fluid-Pressure Circuits (AREA)
- Jib Cranes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a heavy-duty tower crane adopting a load-sensitive energy-saving hydraulic system, which comprises a main arm, a counterweight arm frame, a counterweight block, a tower arm frame, an amplitude-variable trolley, a tower crane slewing mechanism, an amplitude-variable trolley amplitude-variable mechanism and a hoisting winch, wherein the counterweight arm frame is arranged on the main arm; tower machine rotation mechanism uses hydraulic motor II drive, and the width of cloth dolly luffing mechanism that becomes uses hydraulic motor III drive, promotes the hoist engine and uses hydraulic motor I drive, realizes full hydraulic drive, and all hydraulic motor all connect in hydraulic system, and hydraulic system's hydraulic power unit installs the end at the counter weight cantilever crane jointly as counter weight and balancing weight, and hydraulic power unit plays the effect of counter weight simultaneously, can reduce the use quantity of balancing weight. The scheme adopts a full hydraulic transmission and control mode, improves the driving performance of the tower crane and is suitable for large tower cranes.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a heavy tower crane adopting a load-sensitive energy-saving hydraulic system, belonging to the hydraulic transmission technology.
Background
The tower crane is important equipment for realizing production mechanization and automation in the modern building industry, can reduce the labor intensity of physical force and can improve the production efficiency. Along with the development of assembly type buildings, the materials to be hoisted are heavier and heavier, and the heavy-duty tower crane is more and more applied to the construction industry due to the advantages of low installation height, simple loading and unloading, simple stress of a steel structure of a crane boom, long service life and the like.
At present, the tower crane is mostly in a motor-driven form, and the defects of hoisting capacity and hoisting precision exist.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: in order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the heavy tower crane adopting the load-sensitive energy-saving hydraulic system, which is a heavy tower crane adopting a full hydraulic drive system, and the energy of the adopted full hydraulic drive system can be recycled.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a heavy tower crane adopting a load-sensitive energy-saving hydraulic system comprises a main arm, a counterweight arm support, a counterweight block, a tower arm support, an amplitude-variable trolley, a tower crane swing mechanism, an amplitude-variable trolley amplitude-variable mechanism and a hoisting winch; tower machine rotation mechanism uses hydraulic motor II drive, and the width of cloth dolly luffing mechanism that becomes uses hydraulic motor III drive, promotes the hoist engine and uses hydraulic motor I drive, realizes full hydraulic drive, and all hydraulic motor all connect in hydraulic system, and hydraulic system's hydraulic power unit installs the end at the counter weight cantilever crane jointly as counter weight and balancing weight, and hydraulic power unit plays the effect of counter weight simultaneously, can reduce the use quantity of balancing weight.
Preferably, the hydraulic motor II and the hydraulic motor I are controlled by the control handle I, and the control handle I is designed as a right handle; the hydraulic motor III is controlled through the control handle II, and the control handle II is designed into a left handle.
Preferably, a quantitative motor I is connected in series with the hydraulic motor I, and the quantitative motor I is connected with an energy accumulator I through an auxiliary valve I; a quantitative motor II is connected in series with the hydraulic motor II and is connected with an energy accumulator II through an auxiliary valve II; the auxiliary valve I and the auxiliary valve II are three-position four-way reversing valves; this design makes quantitative motor I and quantitative motor II can work in the hydraulic pump operating mode, and hydraulic oil storage can provide the auxiliary torque when promotion and tower machine gyration start in energy storage ware I and energy storage ware II, and this design reduces hydraulic system's power loss.
Preferably, the motor drives the load-sensitive variable pump to provide a power source for a hydraulic system, hydraulic oil flowing out of the load-sensitive variable pump is decompressed by the decompression valve and then is provided to the control handle I and the control handle II as control oil, the control handle I controls the direction of the hydraulic motor I by controlling the main directional valve I and the auxiliary valve I, the control handle I controls the direction of the hydraulic motor III by controlling the main directional valve III, the control handle II controls the direction of the hydraulic motor II by controlling the main directional valve II and the auxiliary valve II, the compensation valve I is arranged at an oil outlet of the main directional valve I, the compensation valve II is arranged at an oil outlet of the main directional valve II, the compensation valve III is arranged at an oil outlet of the main directional valve III, and the column directional valve is subjected to pressure compensation through the compensation valve; the main reversing valve I, the main reversing valve II and the main reversing valve III are three-position six-way valves.
Preferably, a brake I is attached to the hydraulic motor I, a brake II is attached to the hydraulic motor II, and a brake III is attached to the hydraulic motor III, and the hydraulic motor is braked by the brake when there is no hydraulic oil.
Preferably, a shuttle valve is used to select the maximum pressure of the load and feed back to the compensator valve III, the compensator valve II and the compensator valve I.
Preferably, install flow sensor I and flow sensor II respectively at two oil inlets of hydraulic motor I, detect hydraulic motor I's rotational speed through flow sensor, when hydraulic motor I's rotational speed is zero, the automatic well position that returns of auxiliary valve I realizes intelligent shutdown function, avoids the rebound of tower machine gyration action.
Preferably, the top end of the main arm is fixed with a support frame, two ends of a pull rod I are respectively connected with the top end of the support frame and the middle part of the counterweight arm support, two ends of a pull rod II are respectively connected with the top end of the support frame and the middle part of the tower arm support, and two ends of a pull rod III are respectively connected with the top end of the support frame and the tail end of the tower arm support.
Has the advantages that: the heavy tower crane adopting the load-sensitive energy-saving hydraulic system provided by the invention adopts a full hydraulic transmission and control mode, improves the driving performance of the tower crane, and is suitable for large tower cranes; the hydraulic system provided by the invention has an energy recovery function, and can improve the transmission efficiency and save energy; the invention adopts the hydraulic system for driving, and can improve the safety of the operation of the tower crane and the reliability of the whole system.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the connection of the hydraulic system of the present invention;
the figure includes: a 1-base; a 2-main arm; a3-tower crane slewing gear; a4-amplitude variation trolley amplitude variation mechanism; a5-hoisting the hoist; a6-counterweight block; a7-hydraulic pump station; A8-Pull rod I; a9-support frame; A10-Pull rod II; A11-Pull rod III; a12-arm support of the tower; a13-amplitude changing trolley; 1-control handle I; 2-control handle II; 3-overflow valve I; 4-overflow valve II; 5-a pressure reducing valve; 6-load sensitive variable pump; 7-an electric motor; 8-an oil absorption filter; 9-a main reversing valve I; 10-compensation valve I; 11-relief valve III; 12-relief valve IV; 13-shuttle valve I; 14-hydraulic motor I; 15-brake I; 16-shuttle valve II; 17-hydraulic motor III; 18-shuttle valve III; 19-relief valve V; 20-overflow valve VI; 21-compensation valve III; 22-main reversing valve III; 23-main reversing valve II; 24-compensation valve II; 25-relief valve VII; 26-relief valve VIII; 27-shuttle valve IV; 28-brake II; 29-hydraulic motor II; 30-auxiliary valve II; 31-accumulator II; 32-brake III; 33-auxiliary valve I; 34-an accumulator I; 35-shuttle valve V; 36-quantitative motor I; 37-quantitative motor II; 38-flow sensor I; 39-flow sensor II.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the heavy-duty tower crane adopting the load-sensitive energy-saving hydraulic system comprises a main arm a2, a counterweight arm support, a counterweight block a6, a tower arm support a12, an amplitude-variable trolley a13, a tower crane slewing mechanism A3, an amplitude-variable trolley amplitude-variable mechanism a4 and a hoisting winch a 5; the tower crane slewing mechanism A3 is driven by a hydraulic motor II29, the luffing trolley luffing mechanism A4 is driven by a hydraulic motor III17, the lifting winch A5 is driven by a hydraulic motor I14 to realize full hydraulic driving, all the hydraulic motors are connected in a hydraulic system, a hydraulic pump station A7 of the hydraulic system is used as a counterweight and is jointly installed at the tail end of a counterweight arm frame together with a counterweight block A6, the hydraulic pump station A7 plays a role of the counterweight at the same time, and the using number of the counterweight blocks A6 can be reduced. The top end of the main arm A2 is fixed with a support frame A9, the two ends of a pull rod IA8 are respectively connected with the top end of the support frame A9 and the middle part of a counterweight arm support, the two ends of a pull rod IIA10 are respectively connected with the top end of the support frame A9 and the middle part of a tower arm support A12, and the two ends of a pull rod IIIA11 are respectively connected with the top end of the support frame A9 and the tail end of the tower arm support A12.
The scheme controls a tower crane slewing mechanism A3, a luffing trolley luffing mechanism A4 and a lifting winch A5 through two handles: the hydraulic motor II29 and the hydraulic motor I14 are controlled by a control handle I1, and the control handle I1 is designed into a right handle; the hydraulic motor III17 is controlled by a control handle II2, the control handle II2 being designed as a left handle.
Tower machine rotation mechanism A3 is used for driving the tower machine gyration, through hydraulic motor II29 cooperation reduction gear drive, realizes the steady rotary motion of tower machine, realizes the removal in the hoist and mount work plane. The amplitude transformer A4 is used for driving the amplitude transformer A13 to reciprocate along the tower arm support A12. The lifting winch A5 is used for driving the sling connected with the amplitude-variable trolley A13 to be wound and unwound, and therefore the amplitude-variable trolley can be lifted. The scheme adopts full hydraulic drive to realize amplitude variation, rotation and lifting of the tower crane, and is a brand new scheme.
As shown in fig. 2, the hydraulic system of the present invention is shown in the figure, in which the solid line represents the main oil passage and the dotted line represents the control oil passage (the flow rate of the control oil passage is relatively small, mainly for the purpose of transmitting and comparing the pressure signal). In the four-way valve body in the figure, a port P represents an oil inlet, a port T represents an oil return port, and a port A and a port B represent working oil ports connected with an actuating element.
The hydraulic system used in the scheme is characterized in that a motor 7 drives a load-sensitive variable pump 6 to provide a power source for the hydraulic system, hydraulic oil flowing out of the load-sensitive variable pump 6 is decompressed by a decompression valve 5 and then is supplied to a control handle I1 and a control handle II2 as control oil, the control handle I1 controls the direction of a hydraulic motor I14 by controlling a main directional valve I9 and an auxiliary valve I33, the control handle I1 controls the direction of the hydraulic motor III17 by controlling a main directional valve III22, the control handle II2 controls the direction of the hydraulic motor II29 by controlling a main directional valve II23 and an auxiliary valve II30, a compensation valve I10 is installed at an oil outlet of a main directional valve I9, a compensation valve II24 is installed at an oil outlet of the main directional valve II23, a compensation valve III21 is installed at an oil outlet of the main directional valve III22, and pressure compensation is performed on a column directional valve through the compensation valve. A fixed-displacement motor I36 is connected in series with the hydraulic motor I14, and the fixed-displacement motor I36 is connected with an accumulator I34 through an auxiliary valve I33; a quantitative motor II37 is connected in series with the hydraulic motor II29, and the quantitative motor II37 is connected with an energy accumulator II31 through an auxiliary valve II 30; the design enables the quantitative motor I36 and the quantitative motor II37 to work under the working condition of a hydraulic pump, hydraulic oil is stored in the energy accumulator I34 and the energy accumulator II31, and when the lifting and the tower crane are started in a rotating mode, the design can provide auxiliary torque and reduce power loss of a hydraulic system. Install flow sensor I38 and flow sensor II39 respectively at two oil inlets of hydraulic motor I14, detect hydraulic motor I14's rotational speed through flow sensor, when hydraulic motor I14's rotational speed is zero, the automatic well position that returns of auxiliary valve I33 realizes intelligent shutdown function, avoids the rebound of tower machine gyration action. A brake I15 is attached to the hydraulic motor I14, a brake II28 is attached to the hydraulic motor II29, a brake III32 is attached to the hydraulic motor III17, and the hydraulic motor is braked by the brake when there is no hydraulic oil. The shuttle valve was used to select the maximum pressure of the load and fed back to the compensator valve III21, the compensator valve II24, and the compensator valve I10.
In the scheme, the auxiliary valve I33 and the auxiliary valve II30 are three-position four-way reversing valves, and the main reversing valve I9, the main reversing valve II23 and the main reversing valve III22 are three-position six-way valves.
In this case, auxiliary valve I33 is controlled by control handle I1, can provide auxiliary drive torque when the tower machine starts, and the tower machine provides the negative torque when transferring the heavy object to convert gravitational potential energy into hydraulic energy, store in accumulator 31, specifically: the auxiliary valve I33 is controlled by pilot pressure signals 1a and 1b of a control handle I1 at the same time, and the control handle I1 is switched according to the signal of the control handle I1 when the signal exists; when 1a has a pressure oil signal, the tower crane rotates right, the auxiliary valve I33 works at the left position, and the energy accumulator 31 is connected with the port A of the quantitative motor I36 to provide driving torque; when 1B has a pressure oil signal, the tower crane rotates at the left side, the auxiliary valve I33 works at the right side, and the accumulator 31 is connected with the port B of the constant-displacement motor I36 to provide driving torque. The braking process can realize automatic energy recovery and improve the stability of the rotation action. Similarly, the auxiliary valve II30 is controlled by the pressure of the AB port of the constant-volume motor II37, can provide auxiliary driving torque when the tower crane is in slewing starting, provides negative torque when the tower crane is in slewing braking, converts the slewing kinetic energy into hydraulic energy, and stores the hydraulic energy in the energy accumulator II31 to realize energy recovery.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it should be noted that: it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the invention and these are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. A heavy-duty tower crane adopting a load-sensitive energy-saving hydraulic system comprises a main arm (A2), a counterweight arm support, a counterweight block (A6), a tower arm support (A12), a variable-amplitude trolley (A13), a tower crane slewing mechanism (A3), a variable-amplitude trolley variable-amplitude mechanism (A4) and a hoisting winch (A5); the method is characterized in that: the tower crane slewing mechanism (A3) is driven by a hydraulic motor II (29), the luffing trolley luffing mechanism (A4) is driven by a hydraulic motor III (17), the hoisting winch (A5) is driven by a hydraulic motor I (14), all hydraulic motors are connected in a hydraulic system, and a hydraulic pump station (A7) of the hydraulic system is installed at the tail end of a counterweight arm support together as a counterweight and a counterweight block (A6).
2. The heavy-duty tower crane adopting the load-sensitive energy-saving hydraulic system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the hydraulic motor II (29) and the hydraulic motor I (14) are controlled by the control handle I (1), and the hydraulic motor III (17) is controlled by the control handle II (2).
3. The heavy-duty tower crane adopting the load-sensitive energy-saving hydraulic system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: a fixed-displacement motor I (36) is connected in series with the hydraulic motor I (14), and the fixed-displacement motor I (36) is connected with an energy accumulator I (34) through an auxiliary valve I (33); a quantitative motor II (37) is connected in series with the hydraulic motor II (29), and the quantitative motor II (37) is connected with an energy accumulator II (31) through an auxiliary valve II (30); the auxiliary valve I (33) and the auxiliary valve II (30) are three-position four-way reversing valves.
4. The heavy-duty tower crane adopting the load-sensitive energy-saving hydraulic system as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the motor (7) drives the load-sensitive variable pump (6) to provide a power source for a hydraulic system, hydraulic oil flowing out of the load-sensitive variable pump (6) is decompressed by the decompression valve (5) and then is provided for the control handle I (1) and the control handle II (2) as control oil, the control handle I (1) controls the direction of the hydraulic motor I (14) by controlling the main directional valve I (9) and the auxiliary valve I (33), the control handle I (1) controls the direction of the hydraulic motor III (17) by controlling the main directional valve III (22), the control handle II (2) controls the direction of the hydraulic motor II (29) by controlling the main directional valve II (23) and the auxiliary valve II (30), an oil outlet of a main reversing valve I (9) is provided with a compensation valve I (10), an oil outlet of a main reversing valve II (23) is provided with a compensation valve II (24), and a compensation valve III (21) is arranged at the oil outlet of the main reversing valve III (22).
5. The heavy-duty tower crane adopting the load-sensitive energy-saving hydraulic system as claimed in claim 4, wherein: a brake I (15) is attached to the hydraulic motor I (14), a brake II (28) is attached to the hydraulic motor II (29), and a brake III (32) is attached to the hydraulic motor III (17).
6. The heavy-duty tower crane adopting the load-sensitive energy-saving hydraulic system as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the shuttle valve is used to select the maximum pressure of the load and feed back to the compensation valve III (21), the compensation valve II (24) and the compensation valve I (10).
7. The heavy-duty tower crane adopting the load-sensitive energy-saving hydraulic system as claimed in claim 4, wherein: two oil inlets of the hydraulic motor I (14) are respectively provided with a flow sensor I (38) and a flow sensor II (39).
8. The heavy-duty tower crane adopting the load-sensitive energy-saving hydraulic system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the top end of the main arm (A2) is fixed with a support frame (A9), two ends of a pull rod I (A8) are respectively connected with the top end of the support frame (A9) and the middle of a counterweight arm frame, two ends of a pull rod II (A10) are respectively connected with the top end of the support frame (A9) and the middle of a tower arm frame (A12), and two ends of a pull rod III (A11) are respectively connected with the top end of the support frame (A9) and the tail end of the tower arm frame (A12).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010926209.6A CN111847251A (en) | 2020-09-07 | 2020-09-07 | Heavy tower crane adopting load-sensitive energy-saving hydraulic system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010926209.6A CN111847251A (en) | 2020-09-07 | 2020-09-07 | Heavy tower crane adopting load-sensitive energy-saving hydraulic system |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN111847251A true CN111847251A (en) | 2020-10-30 |
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| CN202010926209.6A Pending CN111847251A (en) | 2020-09-07 | 2020-09-07 | Heavy tower crane adopting load-sensitive energy-saving hydraulic system |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AT523743A3 (en) * | 2020-04-16 | 2024-07-15 | Tadano Demag Gmbh | Mobile crane and method for reducing the load on its boom |
-
2020
- 2020-09-07 CN CN202010926209.6A patent/CN111847251A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AT523743A3 (en) * | 2020-04-16 | 2024-07-15 | Tadano Demag Gmbh | Mobile crane and method for reducing the load on its boom |
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