CN111847170A - Elevator traction sheave state monitoring and early warning system and method based on algorithm model - Google Patents
Elevator traction sheave state monitoring and early warning system and method based on algorithm model Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B5/00—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators
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Abstract
A monitoring and early warning system and method of the state of the elevator traction sheave based on algorithm model, relate to a monitoring and early warning system and method, the system includes deflection detection system, abrasion detection system, environmental information acquisition system, information alarm system, control system; the method comprises the following steps of monitoring and early warning of deflection of a traction sheave, monitoring and early warning of abrasion of the traction sheave, crack generation inside the traction sheave and positioning; the method comprises the following steps that A1, a laser transceiver is started; A2. calculating and recording an initial distance value from one end surface of the traction wheel to the laser transceiver in an initial period; A3. collecting whole-course monitoring data in an operation period, and calculating a monitoring distance value from one end face of the traction wheel to the laser transceiver; A4. and judging whether the traction wheel has a deviation phenomenon or not according to the monitoring distance value from the traction wheel to the laser transceiver. The invention can realize real-time accurate detection and early warning on deflection, abrasion, cracks and positioning of the traction sheave, can improve the safety performance of the elevator and is easy to popularize and use.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a monitoring and early warning system and a method, in particular to an elevator traction sheave state monitoring and early warning system and a method based on an algorithm model.
Background
In modern society, the use of elevators is very extensive, so to speak, inseparable from people's daily lives, has become equipment for transporting people and goods everywhere in multi-story buildings, and the safety performance of elevators plays a very important role because the elevators frequently stop at each floor throughout the day and continuously operate.
The existing elevator car and the counterweight device are usually connected by a steel wire rope, the steel wire rope is driven by a traction sheave to move, the elevator car moves in a hoistway, the steel wire rope is tightly pressed on a sheave groove of the traction sheave by the gravity of the elevator car and the counterweight device, the sheave groove of the traction sheave is abraded along with the increase of the service life of the traction sheave, the shape of the sheave groove is changed along with the increase of the abrasion loss, the friction between the steel wire rope and the sheave groove is reduced, and accidents such as car sliding and car accidents are easy to happen. And the traction sheave is sleeved on the output shaft of the motor, and axial deviation or inclination of a rotating surface can be generated due to motor vibration or long-term extrusion of the steel wire rope in the long-term rotating process of the traction sheave. The existing elevator detection device can not detect the abrasion and deflection of the traction wheel, can not find the fault of the traction wheel in time, is easy to cause elevator safety accidents, and causes the injury to elevator users.
The invention with the publication number of CN107651523B discloses a traction sheave wear detection mechanism, in the wear detection method of the invention, a sliding device moves to drive the whole wear detection mechanism to move until a detection rod is aligned with one of wheel grooves, a motor works, a moving block moves left and right on a lead screw to drive the detection rod to move until a first end of the detection rod, namely a tip, is abutted against the innermost end of the wheel groove, guide blocks on the detection rod are abutted against two side walls of the wheel groove, the motor stops working, a controller obtains the running time of an output shaft of the motor so as to obtain the position of the moving block on the lead screw, compares the position of the moving block on the lead screw with the position of the moving block on the lead screw detected when the wheel groove is not worn, judges whether the wheel groove is worn or not, alarms through an alarm when the wheel groove is worn, the motor works, the moving block drives the detection rod to return to the original, and repeating the actions until the detection rod is aligned with the next wheel groove, and detecting the abrasion of the wheel groove. The method for detecting the abrasion of the traction sheave detects whether the traction sheave is abraded or not by moving the detection rod through the detection device, so that real-time online detection cannot be realized, only the detection of the static traction sheave without the steel wire rope can be detected, the abrasion or the fracture of the detection rod when the detection rod is pushed to the traction sheave can be caused because the running elevator is high in speed, and the steel wire rope is arranged on the normally used traction sheave, so that the detection rod can be pushed to the steel wire rope and cannot be pushed to the bottom of a sheave groove of the traction sheave.
In addition, the method for detecting the deflection of the traction sheave comprises the steps of obtaining a first distance between the upper end of the second side surface of the traction sheave and the second wall body by using the first infrared transmitter and the first infrared receiver, obtaining a second distance between the lower end of the second side surface of the traction sheave and the second wall body by using the second infrared transmitter and the second infrared receiver, comparing the first distance with the second distance, judging that the traction sheave deflects if the difference value exceeds a certain threshold value, and alarming by using an alarm. The method is characterized in that the distance between the traction sheave and the wall body is detected through two pairs of infrared transmitting and receiving devices which are symmetrically arranged, only the distance between two points is detected, only the deflection condition can be roughly detected, when the traction sheave just deflects by taking the two pairs of infrared transmitting and receiving devices as central lines, the method cannot detect, and the distances detected by the two pairs of infrared transmitting and receiving devices are kept unchanged. Therefore, the invention is not accurate enough for detecting the deflection of the traction sheave.
The invention discloses a device and a method for detecting slippage of a traction sheave, which is mainly characterized in that an encoder is arranged on a rotating shaft of the traction sheave, and slippage is calculated by the difference of displacement obtained by multiplying the radius by the angular displacement of the traction sheave and a speed limiter sheave. When the traction sheave and the speed limiter sheave are worn, the calculation is inaccurate by adopting the method.
The invention discloses a device and a method for detecting slippage of a traction wheel, which are disclosed by the invention with the application publication number of CN 11024003A. When the steel wire rope runs at a high speed under a long-term load, the scale marks of the steel wire rope are easy to wear, so that the image acquisition system cannot identify the position and accurately calculate the slippage of the traction sheave.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the elevator traction sheave state monitoring and early warning system and method based on the algorithm model are provided, and the defects that abrasion, deflection and internal cracks of a traction sheave and crack positioning cannot be accurately detected in the prior art are overcome.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows: an elevator traction sheave state monitoring and early warning system based on an algorithm model comprises a deflection detection system, a wear detection system, an environmental information acquisition system, an information alarm system and a control system, wherein the deflection detection system comprises a laser transceiver and a rotary encoder, the rotary encoder is coaxially arranged on a rotating shaft of a traction sheave, and the output end of the rotary encoder is connected with the input end of the control system; the laser transceiver is fixed on the wall surface, and a signal input end and a signal output end of the laser transceiver are respectively connected with the control system; the output ends of the abrasion detection system and the environmental information acquisition system are respectively connected with the input end of the control system, and the output end of the control system is connected with the information alarm system.
The further technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the wear detection system comprises a fixed support and a plurality of ultrasonic probes respectively fixed on the fixed support; the signal input end and the signal output end of each ultrasonic probe are respectively connected with a control system; each ultrasonic probe corresponds to a wheel groove on the traction wheel and is used for being tightly connected with the steel wire rope, and the direction of ultrasonic waves emitted by each ultrasonic probe is the normal direction of each corresponding wheel groove.
The further technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the environment information acquisition system comprises a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor; the output ends of the temperature sensor and the humidity sensor are respectively connected with the input end of the control system; the information alarm system comprises a G communication module, a terminal and a management platform, wherein the signal input end of the G communication module is connected with the output end of the control system, and the G communication module is used for communicating with the terminal and the management platform and sending information to the terminal and the management platform.
The other technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a method for monitoring and early warning the state of a traction sheave based on an algorithm model comprises the steps of monitoring and early warning the deflection of the traction sheave, monitoring and early warning the abrasion of the traction sheave, generating cracks in the traction sheave and positioning; the monitoring and early warning of the deflection of the traction sheave comprises the following steps:
A1. opening an elevator traction sheave state monitoring and early warning system based on an algorithm model, and starting a laser transceiver;
A2. the method comprises the following steps of firstly operating a traction sheave for an initial period, and calculating and recording an initial distance value from one end face of the traction sheave to a laser transceiver;
A3. when the traction sheave operates, acquiring whole-course monitoring data A in an operating period, and calculating and storing a monitoring distance value from one end face of the traction sheave to the laser transceiver;
A4. judging whether the traction wheel has an offset phenomenon according to the monitoring distance value from the traction wheel to the laser transceiver, if so, continuing to execute the step A5, otherwise, repeatedly executing the step A3;
A5. sending the information that the traction sheave is deviated to a terminal and a management platform;
the traction sheave wear, internal crack and positioning monitoring and early warning method comprises the following steps:
B1. opening an elevator traction sheave state monitoring and early warning system based on an algorithm model, starting an ultrasonic probe, and transmitting an ultrasonic pulse signal;
B2. operating the traction sheave for the first time for an initial period, and calculating and recording the time from transmitting ultrasonic waves to receiving the ultrasonic waves;
B3. monitoring the running of the traction sheave, acquiring whole-course monitoring data B in a running period, calculating and storing the time from the transmission of ultrasonic waves to the reception of a first ultrasonic signal, and respectively recording and storing the time from the transmission of the ultrasonic waves to the reception of the ultrasonic signals if a plurality of ultrasonic signals are received;
B4. judging whether the traction sheave is worn or not and whether the internal crack occurs or not according to the time from the transmission of the ultrasonic waves to the reception of the ultrasonic waves and the number of received ultrasonic wave signals; if so, continuing to execute step B5, otherwise, repeatedly executing step B3;
B5. and sending the abrasion of the traction sheave, the internal crack and the positioning information to a terminal and a management platform.
The further technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the initial period and the operation period are both the time when the traction sheave rotates 360 degrees; the step A2 includes the following contents: the traction wheel is firstly operated for an initial period, and the initial distance value D from the ith point on one end surface of the traction wheel to the laser transceiver is calculated and recorded0(i) (i ═ 1, 2, 3 … … n); initial algorithm model formula:
wherein D0(i) Is the initial distance value T from the ith point on one end surface of the traction sheave to the laser transceiver0(i) The laser back-and-forth initial time of the ith point on one end surface of the traction sheave, C is the speed of light propagating in air, and XT0For initial correction of temperature, XE0Other environment initial correction values.
The invention has the further technical scheme that: in step A3, the whole-course monitoring data A includes the ith laser round-trip monitoring time T on one end surface of the traction sheavem(i) Temperature monitoring correction value XTmOther environmental monitoring correction value XEm(ii) a Calculating and storing the monitoring distance value D from one end face of the traction wheel to the laser transceiverm(i) The monitoring algorithm model formula of (i ═ 1, 2 and 3 … … n) is as follows:
where C is the speed at which light travels in air.
The invention has the further technical scheme that: in step a4, the algorithm for determining whether the traction sheave is shifted is:
wherein N is an even number, N is the number of points collected in one operation period, N is the total collected N operation periods, that is, each point is collected for N times in total, and delta1(i) In order to output a value that is abnormal,
the difference value between the average value of the monitoring distances from the same end face of the traction wheel, namely two end points with the same diameter to the laser transceiver and the initial distance value is measured as delta1(i)≥a，
When delta1(i)≤a，
When the traction sheave is shifted, wherein a is a threshold value and j is a correction value,
when delta1(i)≥a，
When delta1(i)≤a，
When the traction sheave is shifted, wherein a is a threshold value and j is a correction value,
the invention has the further technical scheme that: in step B2, the time taken from the transmission of the ultrasonic wave to the reception of the ultrasonic wave is calculated and recorded as t0(i)，t0(i) Obtaining an initial correction time xt after correction0(i) The initial correction algorithm model formula is as follows: xt of0(i)＝t0(i)*x0Wherein x is0Is a correction factor.
The invention has the further technical scheme that: the step B3 includes the following steps: the whole-course monitoring data B comprises the ith point kth ultrasonic signal round-trip monitoring time t on the sheave groove of the traction sheavem(k) (i) (k is 1, 2, 3 … … n1, i is 1, 2, 3 … … n1), and the round trip monitoring correction time xt is obtained after correctionm(k) (i) (k is 1, 2, 3 … … n1, i is 1, 2, 3 … … n1), the correction algorithm model formula is:
xtm(k)(i)＝tm(k)(i)*xkm(k＝1、2、3……n1,i＝1、2、3……n1)，
wherein xkmThe corrected value of the kth ultrasonic signal at the ith point on the sheave groove of the traction sheave.
The further technical scheme of the invention is as follows: in step B4, the algorithm for determining whether the traction sheave is worn, and whether the inside of the traction sheave is cracked and positioned is as follows:
d(i)＝(v1*xtm(1)(i)+v2*xtm(k)(i))/2 (k>1,i＝1,2…n1)，
wherein N1 is the number of points collected in one operation cycle, N1 is N1 operation cycles collected in total, that is, each point is collected for N1 times in total,
abnormal output value for wear, d (i) distance from internal crack point to ultrasonic probe, v1、v2The propagation speed of the ultrasonic wave in the air and the propagation speed of the ultrasonic wave in the metal are respectively; when in use
When the b1 and the b2 are preset threshold values, the traction sheave is worn; when k is>1, the inside of the traction wheel is provided with a crack, and the distance from the internal crack point to the ultrasonic probe is d (i).
Due to the adoption of the structure, compared with the prior art, the elevator traction steel wire rope state monitoring and early warning system and method based on the algorithm model have the following beneficial effects:
1. on-line accurate detection of deflection of traction sheave can be realized
The elevator traction sheave state monitoring and early warning system based on the algorithm model comprises a deflection detection system, a wear detection system, an environment information acquisition system, an information alarm system and a control system, wherein the deflection detection system comprises a laser transceiver and a rotary encoder, the laser transceiver is fixed on a wall surface, and a signal input end and a signal output end of the laser transceiver are respectively connected with the control system. A traction sheave deflection monitoring and early warning method comprises the steps of A1, opening an elevator traction sheave state monitoring and early warning system based on an algorithm model, and starting a laser transceiver; A2. the method comprises the following steps of firstly operating a traction sheave for an initial period, and calculating and recording an initial distance value from one end face of the traction sheave to a laser transceiver; A3. when the traction sheave operates, acquiring whole-course monitoring data A in an operating period, and calculating and storing a monitoring distance value from one end face of the traction sheave to the laser transceiver; A4. judging whether the traction wheel has an offset phenomenon according to the monitoring distance value from the traction wheel to the laser transceiver, if so, continuing to execute the step A5, otherwise, repeatedly executing the step A3; A5. and sending the information that the traction sheave is deviated to a terminal and a management platform. Therefore, whether the traction wheel has the deviation phenomenon or not is judged by detecting the relation between the monitoring distance value from the traction wheel to the laser transceiver and the initial distance value in real time, and the detection and the judgment are accurate, so that the on-line accurate detection and judgment on the deflection of the traction wheel can be realized.
2. Can realize real-time accurate detection of abrasion, crack and positioning of the traction sheave
The elevator traction sheave state monitoring and early warning system based on the algorithm model comprises a deflection detection system, a wear detection system, an environmental information acquisition system, an information alarm system and a control system, wherein the wear detection system is used for detecting wear and cracks of a traction sheave. The method for monitoring and early warning the abrasion of the traction wheel and the crack in the traction wheel comprises the following steps: B1. opening an early warning monitoring system, starting an ultrasonic probe and transmitting an ultrasonic pulse signal; B2. operating the traction sheave for the first time for an initial period, and calculating and recording the time from transmitting ultrasonic waves to receiving the ultrasonic waves; B3. monitoring the running of the traction sheave, acquiring whole-course monitoring data B in a running period, calculating and storing the time from the transmission of ultrasonic waves to the reception of a first ultrasonic signal, and respectively recording and storing the time from the transmission of the ultrasonic waves to the reception of the ultrasonic signals if a plurality of ultrasonic signals are received; B4. judging whether the traction sheave is worn or not and whether the internal crack occurs or not according to the time from the transmission of the ultrasonic waves to the reception of the ultrasonic waves and the number of received ultrasonic wave signals; if so, continuing to execute step B5, otherwise, repeatedly executing step B3; B5. and sending the information of abrasion of the traction sheave and crack in the traction sheave to a terminal and a management platform. Therefore, the invention judges whether the traction sheave is abraded or not according to the relation between the time from transmitting the ultrasonic wave to receiving the first ultrasonic wave signal and the time from initially transmitting the ultrasonic wave to receiving the ultrasonic wave, judges whether the crack phenomenon occurs in the traction sheave or not according to whether a plurality of ultrasonic wave signals are received or not, and calculates and determines the crack position according to the round-trip time of the first ultrasonic wave and the round-trip time of the plurality of ultrasonic waves, thereby realizing real-time accurate detection on abrasion, crack and positioning of the traction sheave.
3. The elevator traction sheave state early warning system can accurately early warn the state of the elevator traction sheave because the system can accurately detect and judge the deflection, the abrasion, the internal crack and the positioning of the traction sheave in real time and can send the information of the deflection, the abrasion, the internal crack and the positioning of the traction sheave to the terminal and the management platform.
4. Can improve the safety performance of the elevator
The invention can realize accurate detection and early warning of the state of the traction sheave of the elevator, can find the fault of the traction sheave in time, avoids the occurrence of elevator safety accidents and greatly improves the safety performance of the elevator.
The system has simple structure and simple method
The system of the invention has simple structure, simple method, low cost and easy popularization and use.
The technical features of the system and method for monitoring and warning the state of the traction sheave of an elevator based on an algorithm model according to the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
Drawings
FIG. 1: embodiment a structural block diagram of an elevator traction sheave state monitoring and early warning system based on an algorithm model according to the invention,
FIG. 2: the embodiment I is a schematic connection relation diagram of the deflection detection system and a traction sheave;
FIG. 3: example a schematic view of the connection of the wear detection system to the traction sheave,
FIG. 4: the left-hand side view of figure 3,
FIG. 5: FIG. 3 is a top view;
in the above drawings, the respective part numbers are explained as follows:
1-deflection detection system, 101-laser transceiver, 102-rotary encoder,
2-the wear-out detection system is,
201-a fixed support, 202-an ultrasonic probe,
2021-first ultrasonic probe, 2022-second ultrasonic probe, 2023-third ultrasonic probe,
2024-a fourth ultrasonic probe,
3-environmental information acquisition system, 301-temperature sensor, 302-humidity sensor,
4-information alarm system, 401-5G communication module, 402-terminal and management platform,
5-controlling the system to be controlled,
6-traction sheave, 601-sheave groove, 602-end surface A,
7-wall surface and 8-steel wire rope.
Detailed Description
Example one
The utility model provides an elevator driving sheave state monitoring early warning system based on algorithm model, includes deflection detecting system 1, wearing and tearing detecting system 2, environmental information collection system 3, information alarm system 4, control system 5, wherein:
the deflection detection system 1 comprises a laser transceiver 101 and a rotary encoder 102, wherein the rotary encoder 102 is coaxially arranged on a rotating shaft of the traction sheave 6 and used for detecting the running period and angle of the traction sheave, and the output end of the rotary encoder 102 is connected with the input end of the control system 5; the laser transceiver 101 is fixed on a wall surface 7 opposite to the traction sheave 6, and a signal input end and a signal output end of the laser transceiver 101 are respectively connected with the control system 5.
The wear detection system 2 comprises a fixed support 201 and four ultrasonic probes 202 respectively fixed on the fixed support 201; the four ultrasonic probes 202 are a first ultrasonic probe 2021, a second ultrasonic probe 2022, a third ultrasonic probe 2023, and a fourth ultrasonic probe 2024, respectively; the signal input end and the signal output end of each ultrasonic probe 202 are respectively connected with the control system 5; each ultrasonic probe 202 corresponds to a wheel groove 601 on the traction sheave 6 for tightly connecting with the steel wire rope 8, and the direction of the ultrasonic wave emitted by each ultrasonic probe 202 is the normal direction of the corresponding wheel groove 601.
The environment information acquisition system 3 comprises a temperature sensor 301 and a humidity sensor 302; the output ends of the temperature sensor 301 and the humidity sensor 302 are respectively connected with the input end of the control system 5.
The information alarm system 4 comprises a 5G communication module 401 and a terminal and management platform 402, wherein the signal input end of the 5G communication module 401 is connected with the output end of the control system 5, and the 5G communication module 401 is used for communicating with the terminal and management platform 402 and sending information to the terminal and management platform 402.
The control system 5 comprises a single chip microcomputer or a PLC, the structure of which is known in the art and is not described in detail herein.
Example two
A method for monitoring and early warning the state of a traction sheave based on an algorithm model comprises the steps of monitoring and early warning the deflection of the traction sheave, monitoring and early warning the abrasion of the traction sheave, generating cracks in the traction sheave and positioning; wherein:
the monitoring and early warning of the deflection of the traction sheave comprises the following steps:
A1. opening an elevator traction sheave state monitoring and early warning system based on an algorithm model, and starting a laser transceiver;
A2. the method comprises the steps of firstly operating a traction sheave for an initial period, and calculating and recording an initial distance value from an end face A602 of the traction sheave 6, which is right opposite to a wall surface 7, to a laser transceiver;
A3. when the traction sheave operates, acquiring whole-course monitoring data A in an operating period, and calculating and storing a monitoring distance value from the end face A of the traction sheave to the laser transceiver;
A4. judging whether the traction wheel has an offset phenomenon according to the monitoring distance value from the traction wheel to the laser transceiver, if so, continuing to execute the step A5, otherwise, repeatedly executing the step A3;
A5. sending the information that the traction sheave is deviated to a terminal and a management platform through a 5G communication module;
the initial period and the operation period are both the time when the traction sheave rotates 360 degrees, and the operation period and the operation angle of the traction sheave are detected by the rotary encoder.
The step A2 includes the following contents: the traction wheel is firstly operated for an initial period, and the initial distance value D from the ith point on one end surface of the traction wheel to the laser transceiver is calculated and recorded0(i) (i ═ 1, 2, 3 … … n); initial algorithm model formula:
wherein D0(i) Is the initial distance value T from the ith point on one end surface of the traction sheave to the laser transceiver0(i) The laser back-and-forth initial time of the ith point on one end surface of the traction sheave, C is the speed of light propagating in air, and XT0For initial correction of temperature, XE0Other environment initial correction values.
In step A3, the whole-course monitoring data A includes the ith laser round-trip monitoring time T on one end surface of the traction sheavem(i) Temperature monitoring correction value XTmOther environmental monitoring correction value XEm(ii) a Calculating and storing the monitoring distance value D from one end face of the traction wheel to the laser transceiverm(i) The monitoring algorithm model formula of (i ═ 1, 2 and 3 … … n) is as follows:
In step a4, the algorithm for determining whether the traction sheave is shifted is:
wherein N is an even number, N is the number of points collected in one operation period, N is the total collected N operation periods, that is, each point is collected for N times in total, and delta1(i) In order to output a value that is abnormal,
the difference value between the average value of the monitoring distances from the same end face of the traction wheel, namely two end points with the same diameter to the laser transceiver and the initial distance value is measured as delta1(i)≥a，
When delta1(i)≤a，
When the traction sheave is shifted, wherein a is a threshold value and j is a correction value,
when delta1(i)≥a，
When delta1(i)≤a，
When the traction sheave is shifted, wherein a is a threshold value and j is a correction value,
the traction sheave wear, internal crack and positioning monitoring and early warning method comprises the following steps:
B1. opening an elevator traction sheave state monitoring and early warning system based on an algorithm model, starting an ultrasonic probe, and transmitting an ultrasonic pulse signal;
B2. operating the traction sheave for the first time for an initial period, and calculating and recording the time from transmitting ultrasonic waves to receiving the ultrasonic waves;
B3. monitoring the running of the traction sheave, acquiring whole-course monitoring data B in a running period, calculating and storing the time from the transmission of ultrasonic waves to the reception of a first ultrasonic signal, and respectively recording and storing the time from the transmission of the ultrasonic waves to the reception of the ultrasonic signals if a plurality of ultrasonic signals are received;
B4. judging whether the traction sheave is worn or not and whether the internal crack occurs or not according to the time from the transmission of the ultrasonic waves to the reception of the ultrasonic waves and the number of received ultrasonic wave signals; if so, continuing to execute step B5, otherwise, repeatedly executing step B3;
B5. and sending the information of abrasion of the traction sheave and crack in the traction sheave to a terminal and a management platform.
In step B2, calculating and recording the initial characteristic value of the traction sheave includes: the traction sheave is operated for the first time for an initial period, and the time t from the transmission of the ultrasonic waves to the reception thereof is calculated and recorded0(i)，t0(i) Obtaining an initial correction time xt after correction0(i) The initial correction algorithm model formula is as follows: xt of0(i)＝t0(i)*x0Wherein x is0Is a correction factor.
The step B3 includes the following steps: the whole-course monitoring data B comprises the ith point kth ultrasonic signal round-trip monitoring time t on the sheave groove of the traction sheavem(k) (i) (k is 1, 2, 3 … … n1, i is 1, 2, 3 … … n1), and the round trip monitoring correction time xt is obtained after correctionm(k) (i) (k is 1, 2, 3 … … n1, i is 1, 2, 3 … … n1), the correction algorithm model formula is:
xtm(k)(i)＝tm(k)(i)*xkm(k＝1、2、3……n1,i＝1、2、3……n1)，
wherein xkmThe corrected value of the kth ultrasonic signal at the ith point on the sheave groove of the traction sheave is obtained;
in step B4, the algorithm for determining whether the traction sheave is worn and whether a crack occurs inside the traction sheave is:
d(i)＝(v1*xtm(1)(i)+v2*xtm(k)(i))/2 (k>1,i＝1,2…n1)，
wherein N1 is the number of points collected in one operation cycle, N1 is N1 operation cycles collected in total, that is, each point is collected for N1 times in total,
abnormal output value for wear, d (i) distance from internal crack point to ultrasonic probe, v1、v2The propagation speed of the ultrasonic wave in the air and the propagation speed of the ultrasonic wave in the metal are respectively; when in use
When the b1 and the b2 are preset threshold values, the traction sheave is worn; when k is>1, the inside of the traction wheel is provided with a crack, and the distance from the internal crack point to the ultrasonic probe is d (i).
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an elevator driving sheave state monitoring early warning system based on algorithm model which characterized in that: the device comprises a deflection detection system (1), a wear detection system (2), an environmental information acquisition system (3), an information alarm system (4) and a control system (5), wherein the deflection detection system (1) comprises a laser transceiver (101) and a rotary encoder (102), the rotary encoder (102) is coaxially arranged on a rotating shaft of a traction sheave (6), and the output end of the rotary encoder (102) is connected with the input end of the control system (5); the laser transceiver (101) is fixed on a wall surface (7), and a signal input end and a signal output end of the laser transceiver (101) are respectively connected with the control system (5); the output ends of the abrasion detection system (2) and the environmental information acquisition system (3) are respectively connected with the input end of the control system (5), and the output end of the control system (5) is connected with the information alarm system (4).
2. The elevator traction sheave state monitoring and warning system based on the algorithmic model as defined in claim 1, wherein: the wear detection system (2) comprises a fixed support (201) and a plurality of ultrasonic probes (202) which are respectively fixed on the fixed support (201); the signal input end and the signal output end of each ultrasonic probe (202) are respectively connected with the control system (5); each ultrasonic probe (202) corresponds to a wheel groove (601) which is arranged on the traction wheel (6) and is used for being tightly connected with the steel wire rope (8), and the transmitting direction of each ultrasonic probe (202) is the normal direction of each corresponding wheel groove (601).
3. The elevator traction sheave state monitoring and warning system based on the algorithmic model as defined in claim 1, wherein: the environment information acquisition system (3) comprises a temperature sensor (301) and a humidity sensor (302); the output ends of the temperature sensor (301) and the humidity sensor (302) are respectively connected with the input end of the control system (5); the information alarm system (4) comprises a 5G communication module (401), a terminal and a management platform (402), wherein the signal input end of the 5G communication module (401) is connected with the output end of the control system (5), and the 5G communication module (401) is used for communicating with the terminal and the management platform (402) and sending information to the terminal and the management platform (402).
4. A method for monitoring and early warning the state of a traction sheave based on an algorithm model is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps of monitoring and early warning of deflection of a traction sheave, monitoring and early warning of abrasion of the traction sheave, crack generation inside the traction sheave and positioning; the monitoring and early warning of the deflection of the traction sheave comprises the following steps:
A1. opening an elevator traction sheave state monitoring and early warning system based on an algorithm model, and starting a laser transceiver;
A2. the method comprises the following steps of firstly operating a traction sheave for an initial period, and calculating and recording an initial distance value from one end face of the traction sheave to a laser transceiver;
A3. when the traction sheave operates, acquiring whole-course monitoring data A in an operating period, and calculating and storing a monitoring distance value from one end face of the traction sheave to the laser transceiver;
A4. judging whether the traction wheel has an offset phenomenon according to the monitoring distance value from the traction wheel to the laser transceiver, if so, continuing to execute the step A5, otherwise, repeatedly executing the step A3;
A5. sending the information that the traction sheave is deviated to a terminal and a management platform;
the traction sheave wear, internal crack and positioning monitoring and early warning method comprises the following steps:
B1. opening an elevator traction sheave state monitoring and early warning system based on an algorithm model, starting an ultrasonic probe, and transmitting an ultrasonic pulse signal;
B2. operating the traction sheave for the first time for an initial period, and calculating and recording the time from transmitting ultrasonic waves to receiving the ultrasonic waves;
B3. monitoring the running of the traction sheave, acquiring whole-course monitoring data B in a running period, calculating and storing the time from the transmission of ultrasonic waves to the reception of a first ultrasonic signal, and respectively recording and storing the time from the transmission of the ultrasonic waves to the reception of the ultrasonic signals if a plurality of ultrasonic signals are received;
B4. judging whether the traction sheave is worn or not and whether the internal crack occurs or not according to the time from the transmission of the ultrasonic waves to the reception of the ultrasonic waves and the number of received ultrasonic wave signals; if so, continuing to execute step B5, otherwise, repeatedly executing step B3;
B5. and sending the abrasion of the traction sheave, the internal crack and the positioning information to a terminal and a management platform.
5. The method for monitoring and warning the state of the traction sheave based on the algorithm model as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the initial period and the operation period are both the time when the traction sheave rotates 360 degrees; the step A2 includes the following contents: the traction wheel is firstly operated for an initial period, and the initial distance value D from the ith point on one end surface of the traction wheel to the laser transceiver is calculated and recorded0(i) (i ═ 1, 2, 3 … … n); initial algorithm model formula:
wherein D0(i) Is the initial distance value T from the ith point on one end surface of the traction sheave to the laser transceiver0(i) The laser back-and-forth initial time of the ith point on one end surface of the traction sheave, C is the speed of light propagating in air, and XT0For initial correction of temperature, XE0Other environment initial correction values.
6. The method for monitoring and warning the state of the traction sheave based on the algorithm model as claimed in claim 5, wherein: in step A3, the global monitoring data A includesLaser round-trip monitoring time T of ith point on certain end surface of traction sheavem(i) Temperature monitoring correction value XTmOther environmental monitoring correction value XEm(ii) a Calculating and storing the monitoring distance value D from one end face of the traction wheel to the laser transceiverm(i) The monitoring algorithm model formula of (i ═ 1, 2 and 3 … … n) is as follows:
where C is the speed at which light travels in air.
7. The method for monitoring and warning the state of the traction sheave based on the algorithm model as claimed in claim 6, wherein: in step a4, the algorithm for determining whether the traction sheave is shifted is:
wherein N is an even number, N is the number of points collected in one operation period, N is the total collected N operation periods, that is, each point is collected for N times in total, and delta1(i) In order to output a value that is abnormal,
the difference value between the average value of the monitoring distances from the same end face of the traction wheel, namely two end points with the same diameter to the laser transceiver and the initial distance value is measured as delta1(i)≥a，
When delta1(i)≤a，
When the traction sheave is shifted, wherein a is a threshold value and j is a correction value,
when delta1(i)≥a，
When delta1(i)≤a，
When the traction sheave is shifted, wherein a is a threshold value and j is a correction value,
8. the method for monitoring and warning the state of the traction sheave based on the algorithm model as claimed in claim 4, wherein: in step B2, the time taken from the transmission of the ultrasonic wave to the reception of the ultrasonic wave is calculated and recorded as t0(i)，t0(i) Obtaining an initial correction time xt after correction0(i) The initial correction algorithm model formula is as follows: xt of0(i)＝t0(i)*x0Wherein x is0Is a correction factor.
9. The method for monitoring and warning the state of the traction sheave based on the algorithm model as claimed in claim 8, wherein: the step B3 includes the following steps: the whole-course monitoring data B comprises the ith point kth ultrasonic signal round-trip monitoring time t on the sheave groove of the traction sheavem(k) (i) (k is 1, 2, 3 … … n1, i is 1, 2, 3 … … n1), and the round trip monitoring correction time xt is obtained after correctionm(k) (i) (k is 1, 2, 3 … … n1, i is 1, 2, 3 … … n1), the correction algorithm model formula is:
xtm(k)(i)＝tm(k)(i)*xkm(k＝1、2、3……n1,i＝1、2、3……n1)，
wherein xkmThe corrected value of the kth ultrasonic signal at the ith point on the sheave groove of the traction sheave.
10. The method for monitoring and warning the state of the traction sheave based on the algorithm model as claimed in claim 9, wherein: in step B4, the algorithm for determining whether the traction sheave is worn, and whether the inside of the traction sheave is cracked and positioned is as follows:
d(i)＝(v1*xtm(1)(i)+v2*xtm(k)(i))/2 (k>1,i＝1,2…n1)，
wherein N1 is the number of points collected in one operation cycle, N1 is N1 operation cycles collected in total, that is, each point is collected for N1 times in total,
abnormal output value for wear, d (i) distance from internal crack point to ultrasonic probe, v1、v2The propagation speed of the ultrasonic wave in the air and the propagation speed of the ultrasonic wave in the metal are respectively; when the k is equal to 1,
when the b1 and the b2 are preset threshold values, the traction sheave is worn; when k is>1, the inside of the traction wheel is provided with a crack, and the distance from the internal crack point to the ultrasonic probe is d (i).
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