CN111844950A - Aluminum alloy template for building and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Aluminum alloy template for building and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 323
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 31
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 100
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 168
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000004512 die casting Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- AVXLXFZNRNUCRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichloro(1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,8-heptadecafluorooctyl)silane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)[Si](Cl)(Cl)Cl AVXLXFZNRNUCRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- ILRRQNADMUWWFW-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium phosphate Chemical compound O1[Al]2OP1(=O)O2 ILRRQNADMUWWFW-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002694 phosphate binding agent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 25
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 15
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 15
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 13
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
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- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 5
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 5
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/01—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic
- B32B15/017—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic one layer being formed of aluminium or an aluminium alloy, another layer being formed of an alloy based on a non ferrous metal other than aluminium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B33/00—Layered products characterised by particular properties or particular surface features, e.g. particular surface coatings; Layered products designed for particular purposes not covered by another single class
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/10—Alloys based on aluminium with zinc as the next major constituent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C30/00—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
- B32B2255/06—Coating on the layer surface on metal layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
- B32B2307/554—Wear resistance
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
- B32B2307/558—Impact strength, toughness
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2419/00—Buildings or parts thereof
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an aluminum alloy template for buildings and a preparation method thereof, wherein a prepared aluminum alloy substrate layer is subjected to surface treatment, a layer of high-entropy alloy is formed on one surface of the aluminum alloy substrate layer through a hot pressing process, a coating material is sprayed on the other surface of the aluminum alloy substrate layer, and then the template with good hardness, strength, wear resistance, impact resistance and stability is prepared through heating and curing.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of aluminum alloy template preparation, and particularly relates to an aluminum alloy template for buildings and a preparation method thereof.
Background
At present, the building templates in China mainly comprise steel templates, aluminum templates and bamboo plywood templates, and the expected wood-plastic templates are adopted, but all-steel templates are heavy in weight, high in operation difficulty in construction, needing large-scale equipment assistance, and having safety problems, and the construction labor cost and material cost are increased to a certain extent. However, the aluminum formwork has the advantages of light dead weight and simple operation, is widely used as a building formwork, and has the defect that the surface strength of concrete is easily reduced due to the coaction with the concrete, so that the development of the aluminum formwork is restricted. In addition, the pure aluminum has small density and low melting point, and the aluminum has a face-centered cubic structure, so the pure aluminum has high plasticity and is easy to process, and can be made into various sections and plates; the corrosion resistance is good; however, pure aluminum has low strength, so that pure aluminum is not suitable for structural materials, and through long-term production practices and scientific experiments, people gradually add alloy elements and apply heat treatment and other methods to strengthen aluminum, so that aluminum templates are mostly prepared from aluminum alloys.
For example, patent No. CN205822771U discloses an aluminum alloy roof panel form; also for example, patent No. CN205476430U discloses an aluminum alloy building template; the patent of recoating CN109551838A discloses a lightweight aluminum alloy template and a preparation method thereof. But the scheme does not solve the problem of ensuring the comprehensive performance of the aluminum alloy template while ensuring the light weight of the aluminum alloy template.
In summary, in the field of preparing templates for buildings, when aluminum alloy is used as a base material, the aluminum alloy templates for buildings still have the problems that the surface strength of concrete is easily reduced due to the action with the concrete, and the comprehensive performance of the templates is low due to the fact that shrinkage cavities, shrinkage porosity, air holes, impurities and the like are generated inside the aluminum alloy templates in the preparation process.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an aluminum alloy template for a building and a preparation method thereof, and aims to solve the problems that the aluminum alloy template for the building still has the effect with concrete, so that the surface strength of the concrete is easily reduced, and the comprehensive performance of the aluminum alloy template is low.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides an aluminum alloy template for building, aluminum alloy template for building includes aluminum alloy substrate layer, and sets up respectively the first top layer and the second top layer on aluminum alloy substrate layer two sides, first top layer pass through the spraying technology be formed in the one side of aluminum alloy substrate layer, the second top layer pass through hot pressing technology with the another side integrated into one piece of aluminum alloy substrate layer, just first top layer is for reducing aluminum alloy substrate surface energy's coating material, the second top layer is the high entropy alloy.
Optionally, in the aluminum alloy template, the thickness ratio of the aluminum alloy base material layer to the second surface layer is 2-8: 0.1-0.9.
Optionally, the aluminum alloy substrate layer is a 7XXX series aluminum alloy.
Optionally, the coating material is a mixed solution of an aluminum phosphate adhesive and perfluorooctyl trichlorosilane.
Optionally, the high entropy alloy is one of a CoCrFeNi alloy, a cocrfermni alloy, a CoCrFeNi alloy, or a cocrfermni alloy.
In addition, the invention also provides a preparation method of the aluminum alloy template for the building, which comprises the following steps:
1) preparing an aluminum alloy substrate layer;
2) shaping and surface treating the aluminum alloy base material layer;
3) superposing the high-entropy alloy on one surface of the aluminum alloy substrate layer subjected to surface treatment, carrying out hot pressing under the protection of argon, wherein the hot pressing temperature is 600-750 ℃, and carrying out heat preservation for 6-9h, so that the high-entropy alloy is diffused on the surface of the aluminum alloy substrate layer, then cooling to 450-550 ℃, carrying out heat preservation for 1-3h, and cooling in a furnace to room temperature;
4) and spraying the mixed solution on the other surface of the aluminum alloy substrate layer, and then curing at the temperature of 95-110 ℃ to obtain the aluminum alloy template for the building.
Optionally, the preparation method of the aluminum alloy base material layer comprises the following steps: adding an aluminum alloy raw material into a smelting furnace, melting into an aluminum alloy liquid, slagging off, removing impurities, injecting the aluminum alloy liquid into a template die of a cold die casting machine, and die-casting to obtain an aluminum alloy substrate layer.
Optionally, the surface treatment is: polishing the surface of the prepared aluminum alloy base material layer until no scratch is formed, carrying out first washing by using pure water, then placing the aluminum alloy base layer into absolute ethyl alcohol for ultrasonic cleaning for 10-20min, taking out and carrying out second washing by using pure water; and after the water washing is finished, putting the mixture into 1.0-2.0mol/L hydrochloric acid solution, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 8-12min at the temperature of 25 ℃, and taking out the mixture to carry out the third water washing.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial technical effects that:
1. the aluminum alloy template takes the aluminum alloy base material layer as a main material, a layer of high-entropy alloy is formed on one surface of the aluminum alloy base material layer through a hot pressing process, solid-solid diffusion is realized on the contact surface of the high-entropy alloy and the aluminum alloy base material layer, an intermetallic compound layer is formed, connection between multiple layers of materials by adopting other materials is not required to be considered, and the aluminum alloy template has the advantage of being more convenient; in addition, the combination of the high-entropy alloy and the aluminum alloy substrate layer is beneficial to improving the hardness, the strength and the wear resistance of the prepared template, and the template with good stability and excellent impact performance is obtained.
2. According to the invention, after the surface treatment is carried out on the aluminum alloy base material layer, the surface of the aluminum alloy base material layer has a micron-sized honeycomb structure, which is beneficial to increasing the bonding firmness and low adhesion of the coating material on the surface of the aluminum alloy base material layer, and then the crosslinking among the materials is promoted through heating and curing, so that the durability and stability of the coating material on the surface of the aluminum alloy base material layer are further increased.
3. According to the invention, the coating material is sprayed on the surface of the aluminum alloy substrate layer, so that the low adhesion and the hydrophobicity are achieved, the problem that the strength of the concrete surface is easily reduced due to the action of the aluminum alloy template and the concrete in the use process of the aluminum alloy template is effectively solved, and in addition, the comprehensive performance of the aluminum alloy template is effectively improved through the combination with the high-entropy alloy.
4. The aluminum alloy base material layer is subjected to surface treatment, the introduced micron-sized honeycomb structure is also beneficial to combination between the high-entropy alloy and the aluminum alloy base material layer, the high-entropy alloy is fully filled into the micron-sized honeycomb structure under the condition of hot pressing, the comprehensive performance of the aluminum alloy membrane is improved, and meanwhile, the stability between layers can be improved.
Drawings
The invention will be further understood from the following description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the preparation of an architectural aluminum alloy template in one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the abrasion of the architectural aluminum alloy formwork caused by mechanical friction in one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a durability test condition of an architectural aluminum alloy template under water impact in one embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a microscopic view of an aluminum alloy substrate layer of an embodiment of the present invention after surface treatment;
FIG. 5 is a microscopic view of an aluminum alloy substrate layer of an example of the present invention without surface treatment.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products available commercially.
The invention relates to a method for preparing an aluminum alloy template for buildings, which comprises the following steps according to the embodiments shown in figures 1-5:
example 1:
the embodiment provides an aluminum alloy template for building, the aluminum alloy template for building includes an aluminum alloy substrate layer, and a first surface layer and a second surface layer which are respectively arranged on two sides of the aluminum alloy substrate layer, the first surface layer is formed on one side of the aluminum alloy substrate layer through a spraying process, the second surface layer is integrally formed with the other side of the aluminum alloy substrate layer through a hot pressing process, the first surface layer is a coating material for reducing the surface energy of the aluminum alloy substrate layer, and the second surface layer is a high-entropy alloy; in a preferred embodiment, in the aluminum alloy template, the thickness ratio of the aluminum alloy base material layer to the second surface layer is 2: 0.1.
in a preferred embodiment, the aluminum alloy substrate layer is a 7XXX series aluminum alloy, specifically 7178 aluminum alloy. Specifically, the 7XXX series aluminum alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.01 percent of Si; 0.01 percent of Fe; zn: 3.5 percent; 1.3 percent of Cu; 2.1 percent of Mg; 0.001 percent of Ti; mn: 0.003%; 0.01 percent of Zr; the content of single impurity is less than or equal to 0.05 percent, and the total content of impurity is less than or equal to 0.15 percent; the balance being aluminum.
In a preferred embodiment, the coating material is a mixed solution of aluminum phosphate adhesive and perfluorooctyl trichlorosilane; specifically, the preparation method of the mixed solution comprises the following steps: mixing perfluorooctyl trichlorosilane and absolute ethyl alcohol according to the volume ratio of 0.1:1, and stirring in a homogenizer for 20min to obtain solution A; mixing aluminum hydroxide and phosphoric acid according to a molar ratio of 1:4-7, stirring for 1h at the temperature of 95 ℃, adding deionized water in an amount which is 3-5 times the volume of the mixture, and continuously stirring for 10min at the temperature of 80 ℃ to obtain a solution B; and mixing the solution A and the solution B according to the volume ratio of 5:1, and continuously stirring for 20min to obtain a mixed solution.
In a preferred embodiment, the high entropy alloy is a CoCrFeNi alloy. In this application, high entropy alloy has excellent properties such as toughness is good, anti-oxidant, anticorrosive, high temperature strength and high low temperature strength, can have good associativity with the aluminum alloy substrate layer in this application, simultaneously, can improve the comprehensive properties on aluminum alloy substrate layer greatly, and then increase the mechanical properties of aluminum alloy template, the security.
In addition, the embodiment also provides a preparation method of the aluminum alloy template for the building, which comprises the following steps:
1) preparing an aluminum alloy substrate layer; in detail, the preparation method of the aluminum alloy base material layer comprises the following steps: adding an aluminum alloy raw material into a smelting furnace, melting into an aluminum alloy liquid, slagging off, removing impurities, injecting the aluminum alloy liquid into a template die of a cold die casting machine, and die-casting to obtain an aluminum alloy substrate layer; specifically, the smelting temperature of the smelting furnace is controlled at 720 ℃, and electromagnetic stirring is required to be started in the smelting process, so that the aluminum alloy raw material in the smelting furnace is rapidly molten and the components are uniform; the slag skimming is to use a slag skimming vehicle to skive the scum on the surface of the aluminum alloy liquid;
2) shaping and surface treating the aluminum alloy base material layer; in detail, the surface treatment is: polishing the surface of the prepared aluminum alloy base material layer until no scratch is formed, carrying out first washing by using pure water, then placing the aluminum alloy base layer into absolute ethyl alcohol for ultrasonic cleaning for 10min, taking out the aluminum alloy base layer, and carrying out second washing by using pure water; after the water washing is finished, putting the mixture into 1.0mol/L hydrochloric acid solution, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 8min at the temperature of 25 ℃, and taking out the mixture to carry out third water washing;
3) superposing the high-entropy alloy on one surface of the aluminum alloy base material layer subjected to surface treatment, carrying out hot pressing under the protection of argon, wherein the hot pressing temperature is 600 ℃, keeping the temperature for 6 hours, diffusing the high-entropy alloy on the surface of the aluminum alloy base material layer, then cooling to 450 ℃, keeping the temperature for 1 hour, and cooling the furnace to room temperature;
4) and spraying the mixed solution on the other surface of the aluminum alloy substrate layer, and then curing at 95 ℃ to obtain the aluminum alloy template for the building.
Example 2:
the embodiment provides an aluminum alloy template for building, the aluminum alloy template for building includes an aluminum alloy substrate layer, and a first surface layer and a second surface layer which are respectively arranged on two sides of the aluminum alloy substrate layer, the first surface layer is formed on one side of the aluminum alloy substrate layer through a spraying process, the second surface layer is integrally formed with the other side of the aluminum alloy substrate layer through a hot pressing process, the first surface layer is a coating material for reducing the surface energy of the aluminum alloy substrate layer, and the second surface layer is a high-entropy alloy; in a preferred embodiment, in the aluminum alloy template, the thickness ratio of the aluminum alloy base material layer to the second surface layer is 8: 0.9.
in a preferred embodiment, the aluminum alloy substrate layer is a 7XXX series aluminum alloy, specifically 7178 aluminum alloy. Specifically, the 7XXX series aluminum alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.12 percent of Si; 0.08 percent of Fe; zn: 6.8 percent; 2.2 percent of Cu; 2.5 percent of Mg; 0.016 percent of Ti; mn: 0.005 percent; 0.1 percent of Zr; the content of single impurity is less than or equal to 0.05 percent, and the total content of impurity is less than or equal to 0.15 percent; the balance being aluminum.
In a preferred embodiment, the coating material is a mixed solution of aluminum phosphate adhesive and perfluorooctyl trichlorosilane; specifically, the preparation method of the mixed solution comprises the following steps: mixing perfluorooctyl trichlorosilane and absolute ethyl alcohol according to the volume ratio of 0.5:1, and stirring in a homogenizer for 20min to obtain solution A; mixing aluminum hydroxide and phosphoric acid according to a molar ratio of 1:7, stirring for 5 hours at the temperature of 95 ℃, adding deionized water with the volume being 5 times that of the mixture, and continuously stirring for 20 minutes at the temperature of 95 ℃ to obtain a solution B; and mixing the solution A and the solution B according to the volume ratio of 8:1, and continuously stirring for 60min to obtain a mixed solution.
In a preferred embodiment, the high entropy alloy is a CoCrFeNi alloy. In this application, high entropy alloy has excellent properties such as toughness is good, anti-oxidant, anticorrosive, high temperature strength and high low temperature strength, can have good associativity with the aluminum alloy substrate layer in this application, simultaneously, can improve the comprehensive properties on aluminum alloy substrate layer greatly, and then increase the mechanical properties of aluminum alloy template, the security.
In addition, the embodiment also provides a preparation method of the aluminum alloy template for the building, which comprises the following steps:
1) preparing an aluminum alloy substrate layer; in detail, the preparation method of the aluminum alloy base material layer comprises the following steps: adding an aluminum alloy raw material into a smelting furnace, melting into an aluminum alloy liquid, slagging off, removing impurities, injecting the aluminum alloy liquid into a template die of a cold die casting machine, and die-casting to obtain an aluminum alloy substrate layer; specifically, the smelting temperature of the smelting furnace is controlled at 760 ℃, and electromagnetic stirring is required to be started in the smelting process, so that the aluminum alloy raw material in the smelting furnace is rapidly molten and the components are uniform; the slag skimming is to use a slag skimming vehicle to skive the scum on the surface of the aluminum alloy liquid;
2) shaping and surface treating the aluminum alloy base material layer; in detail, the surface treatment is: polishing the surface of the prepared aluminum alloy base material layer until no scratch is formed, carrying out first washing by using pure water, then placing the aluminum alloy base layer into absolute ethyl alcohol for ultrasonic cleaning for 20min, taking out the aluminum alloy base layer, and carrying out second washing by using pure water; after the water washing is finished, putting the mixture into 2.0mol/L hydrochloric acid solution, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 12min at the temperature of 25 ℃, taking out the mixture, and carrying out third water washing;
3) superposing the high-entropy alloy on one surface of the aluminum alloy base material layer subjected to surface treatment, carrying out hot pressing under the protection of argon, wherein the hot pressing temperature is 750 ℃, keeping the temperature for 9 hours, diffusing the high-entropy alloy on the surface of the aluminum alloy base material layer, then cooling to 550 ℃, keeping the temperature for 3 hours, and cooling the furnace to room temperature;
4) and spraying the mixed solution on the other surface of the aluminum alloy substrate layer, and then curing at 110 ℃ to obtain the aluminum alloy template for the building.
Example 3:
the embodiment provides an aluminum alloy template for building, the aluminum alloy template for building includes an aluminum alloy substrate layer, and a first surface layer and a second surface layer which are respectively arranged on two sides of the aluminum alloy substrate layer, the first surface layer is formed on one side of the aluminum alloy substrate layer through a spraying process, the second surface layer is integrally formed with the other side of the aluminum alloy substrate layer through a hot pressing process, the first surface layer is a coating material for reducing the surface energy of the aluminum alloy substrate layer, and the second surface layer is a high-entropy alloy; in a preferred embodiment, in the aluminum alloy template, the thickness ratio of the aluminum alloy base material layer to the second surface layer is 5: 0.5.
in a preferred embodiment, the aluminum alloy substrate layer is a 7XXX series aluminum alloy, specifically 7178 aluminum alloy. Specifically, the 7XXX series aluminum alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.05 percent of Si; 0.06 percent of Fe; zn: 4.5 percent; 1.9 percent of Cu; 2.3 percent of Mg; 0.015 percent of Ti; mn: 0.004%; 0.06 percent of Zr; the content of single impurity is less than or equal to 0.05 percent, and the total content of impurity is less than or equal to 0.15 percent; the balance being aluminum.
In a preferred embodiment, the coating material is a mixed solution of aluminum phosphate adhesive and perfluorooctyl trichlorosilane; specifically, the preparation method of the mixed solution comprises the following steps: mixing perfluorooctyl trichlorosilane and absolute ethyl alcohol according to the volume ratio of 0.3:1, and stirring in a homogenizer for 20min to obtain solution A; mixing aluminum hydroxide and phosphoric acid according to a molar ratio of 1:5, stirring for 3 hours at the temperature of 90 ℃, adding deionized water with the volume being 5 times that of the mixture, and continuously stirring for 15 minutes at the temperature of 90 ℃ to obtain a solution B; and mixing the solution A and the solution B according to the volume ratio of 7:3, and continuously stirring for 40min to obtain a mixed solution.
In a preferred embodiment, the high entropy alloy is a CoCrFeMnNi alloy. In this application, high entropy alloy has excellent properties such as toughness is good, anti-oxidant, anticorrosive, high temperature strength and high low temperature strength, can have good associativity with the aluminum alloy substrate layer in this application, simultaneously, can improve the comprehensive properties on aluminum alloy substrate layer greatly, and then increase the mechanical properties of aluminum alloy template, the security.
In addition, the embodiment also provides a preparation method of the aluminum alloy template for the building, which comprises the following steps:
1) preparing an aluminum alloy substrate layer; in detail, the preparation method of the aluminum alloy base material layer comprises the following steps: adding an aluminum alloy raw material into a smelting furnace, melting into an aluminum alloy liquid, slagging off, removing impurities, injecting the aluminum alloy liquid into a template die of a cold die casting machine, and die-casting to obtain an aluminum alloy substrate layer; specifically, the smelting temperature of the smelting furnace is controlled at 750 ℃, and electromagnetic stirring is required to be started in the smelting process, so that the aluminum alloy raw material in the smelting furnace is rapidly molten and the components are uniform; the slag skimming is to use a slag skimming vehicle to skive the scum on the surface of the aluminum alloy liquid;
2) shaping and surface treating the aluminum alloy base material layer; in detail, the surface treatment is: polishing the surface of the prepared aluminum alloy base material layer until no scratch is formed, carrying out first washing by using pure water, then placing the aluminum alloy base material layer into absolute ethyl alcohol for ultrasonic cleaning for 15min, taking out the aluminum alloy base material layer, and carrying out second washing by using pure water; after the water washing is finished, putting the mixture into 1.5mol/L hydrochloric acid solution, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 10min at the temperature of 25 ℃, and taking out the mixture to carry out third water washing;
3) superposing the high-entropy alloy on one surface of the aluminum alloy base material layer subjected to surface treatment, carrying out hot pressing under the protection of argon, wherein the hot pressing temperature is 700 ℃, keeping the temperature for 7 hours, diffusing the high-entropy alloy on the surface of the aluminum alloy base material layer, then cooling to 500 ℃, keeping the temperature for 2 hours, and cooling the furnace to room temperature;
4) and spraying the mixed solution on the other surface of the aluminum alloy substrate layer, and then curing at 100 ℃ to obtain the aluminum alloy template for the building.
Example 4:
the embodiment provides an aluminum alloy template for building, the aluminum alloy template for building includes an aluminum alloy substrate layer, and a first surface layer and a second surface layer which are respectively arranged on two sides of the aluminum alloy substrate layer, the first surface layer is formed on one side of the aluminum alloy substrate layer through a spraying process, the second surface layer is integrally formed with the other side of the aluminum alloy substrate layer through a hot pressing process, the first surface layer is a coating material for reducing the surface energy of the aluminum alloy substrate layer, and the second surface layer is a high-entropy alloy; in a preferred embodiment, in the aluminum alloy template, the thickness ratio of the aluminum alloy base material layer to the second surface layer is 6: 0.7.
in a preferred embodiment, the aluminum alloy substrate layer is a 7XXX series aluminum alloy, specifically 7178 aluminum alloy. Specifically, the 7XXX series aluminum alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.11 percent of Si; 0.07 percent of Fe; zn: 6.5 percent; 2.0 percent of Cu; 2.2 percent of Mg; 0.011 percent of Ti; mn: 0.004%; 0.07 percent of Zr; the content of single impurity is less than or equal to 0.05 percent, and the total content of impurity is less than or equal to 0.15 percent; the balance being aluminum.
In a preferred embodiment, the coating material is a mixed solution of aluminum phosphate adhesive and perfluorooctyl trichlorosilane; specifically, the preparation method of the mixed solution comprises the following steps: mixing perfluorooctyl trichlorosilane and absolute ethyl alcohol according to the volume ratio of 0.2:1, and stirring in a homogenizer for 20min to obtain solution A; mixing aluminum hydroxide and phosphoric acid according to a molar ratio of 1:5, stirring for 2 hours at the temperature of 85 ℃, adding deionized water with the volume being 4 times that of the mixture, and continuously stirring for 12 minutes at the temperature of 82 ℃ to obtain a solution B; and mixing the solution A and the solution B according to the volume ratio of 6:1, and continuously stirring for 25min to obtain a mixed solution.
In a preferred embodiment, the high entropy alloy is a CoCrFeNi alloy. In this application, high entropy alloy has excellent properties such as toughness is good, anti-oxidant, anticorrosive, high temperature strength and high low temperature strength, can have good associativity with the aluminum alloy substrate layer in this application, simultaneously, can improve the comprehensive properties on aluminum alloy substrate layer greatly, and then increase the mechanical properties of aluminum alloy template, the security.
In addition, the embodiment also provides a preparation method of the aluminum alloy template for the building, which comprises the following steps:
1) preparing an aluminum alloy substrate layer; in detail, the preparation method of the aluminum alloy base material layer comprises the following steps: adding an aluminum alloy raw material into a smelting furnace, melting into an aluminum alloy liquid, slagging off, removing impurities, injecting the aluminum alloy liquid into a template die of a cold die casting machine, and die-casting to obtain an aluminum alloy substrate layer; specifically, the smelting temperature of the smelting furnace is controlled at 730 ℃, and electromagnetic stirring is required to be started in the smelting process, so that the aluminum alloy raw material in the smelting furnace is rapidly molten and the components are uniform; the slag skimming is to use a slag skimming vehicle to skive the scum on the surface of the aluminum alloy liquid;
2) shaping and surface treating the aluminum alloy base material layer; in detail, the surface treatment is: polishing the surface of the prepared aluminum alloy base material layer until no scratch is formed, carrying out first washing by using pure water, then placing the aluminum alloy base layer into absolute ethyl alcohol for ultrasonic cleaning for 12min, taking out the aluminum alloy base layer, and carrying out second washing by using pure water; after the water washing is finished, putting the mixture into 1.2mol/L hydrochloric acid solution, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 9min at the temperature of 25 ℃, taking out the mixture, and carrying out third water washing;
3) superposing the high-entropy alloy on one surface of the aluminum alloy base material layer subjected to surface treatment, carrying out hot pressing under the protection of argon, wherein the hot pressing temperature is 620 ℃, keeping the temperature for 7 hours, diffusing the high-entropy alloy on the surface of the aluminum alloy base material layer, then cooling to 470 ℃, keeping the temperature for 1 hour, and cooling the furnace to room temperature;
4) and spraying the mixed solution on the other surface of the aluminum alloy base material layer, and then curing at the temperature of 98 ℃ to obtain the aluminum alloy template for the building.
Example 5:
the embodiment provides an aluminum alloy template for building, the aluminum alloy template for building includes an aluminum alloy substrate layer, and a first surface layer and a second surface layer which are respectively arranged on two sides of the aluminum alloy substrate layer, the first surface layer is formed on one side of the aluminum alloy substrate layer through a spraying process, the second surface layer is integrally formed with the other side of the aluminum alloy substrate layer through a hot pressing process, the first surface layer is a coating material for reducing the surface energy of the aluminum alloy substrate layer, and the second surface layer is a high-entropy alloy; in a preferred embodiment, in the aluminum alloy template, the thickness ratio of the aluminum alloy base material layer to the second surface layer is 6: 0.9.
in a preferred embodiment, the aluminum alloy substrate layer is a 7XXX series aluminum alloy, specifically 7178 aluminum alloy. Specifically, the 7XXX series aluminum alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.07 percent of Si; 0.03 percent of Fe; zn: 3.7 percent; 2.0 percent of Cu; 2.2 percent of Mg; 0.012 percent of Ti; mn: 0.004%; 0.09 percent of Zr; the content of single impurity is less than or equal to 0.05 percent, and the total content of impurity is less than or equal to 0.15 percent; the balance being aluminum.
In a preferred embodiment, the coating material is a mixed solution of aluminum phosphate adhesive and perfluorooctyl trichlorosilane; specifically, the preparation method of the mixed solution comprises the following steps: mixing perfluorooctyl trichlorosilane and absolute ethyl alcohol according to the volume ratio of 0.2:1, and stirring in a homogenizer for 20min to obtain solution A; mixing aluminum hydroxide and phosphoric acid according to a molar ratio of 1:5, stirring for 2 hours at the temperature of 85 ℃, adding deionized water with the volume being 5 times that of the mixture, and continuously stirring for 18 minutes at the temperature of 86 ℃ to obtain a solution B; and mixing the solution A and the solution B according to the volume ratio of 7:3, and continuously stirring for 45min to obtain a mixed solution.
In a preferred embodiment, the high entropy alloy is a CoCrFeMnNi alloy. In this application, high entropy alloy has excellent properties such as toughness is good, anti-oxidant, anticorrosive, high temperature strength and high low temperature strength, can have good associativity with the aluminum alloy substrate layer in this application, simultaneously, can improve the comprehensive properties on aluminum alloy substrate layer greatly, and then increase the mechanical properties of aluminum alloy template, the security.
In addition, the embodiment also provides a preparation method of the aluminum alloy template for the building, which comprises the following steps:
1) preparing an aluminum alloy substrate layer; in detail, the preparation method of the aluminum alloy base material layer comprises the following steps: adding an aluminum alloy raw material into a smelting furnace, melting into an aluminum alloy liquid, slagging off, removing impurities, injecting the aluminum alloy liquid into a template die of a cold die casting machine, and die-casting to obtain an aluminum alloy substrate layer; specifically, the smelting temperature of the smelting furnace is controlled at 750 ℃, and electromagnetic stirring is required to be started in the smelting process, so that the aluminum alloy raw material in the smelting furnace is rapidly molten and the components are uniform; the slag skimming is to use a slag skimming vehicle to skive the scum on the surface of the aluminum alloy liquid;
2) shaping and surface treating the aluminum alloy base material layer; in detail, the surface treatment is: polishing the surface of the prepared aluminum alloy base material layer until no scratch is formed, carrying out first washing by using pure water, then placing the aluminum alloy base layer into absolute ethyl alcohol for carrying out ultrasonic cleaning for 18min, taking out the aluminum alloy base layer, and carrying out second washing by using pure water; after the water washing is finished, putting the mixture into 1.8mol/L hydrochloric acid solution, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 10min at the temperature of 25 ℃, and taking out the mixture to carry out third water washing;
3) superposing the high-entropy alloy on one surface of the aluminum alloy base material layer subjected to surface treatment, carrying out hot pressing under the protection of argon, wherein the hot pressing temperature is 720 ℃, keeping the temperature for 8 hours, diffusing the high-entropy alloy on the surface of the aluminum alloy base material layer, then cooling to 520 ℃, keeping the temperature for 1 hour, and cooling the furnace to room temperature;
4) and spraying the mixed solution on the other surface of the aluminum alloy base material layer, and then curing at 105 ℃ to obtain the aluminum alloy template for the building.
Comparative example 1:
the only difference from example 3 is that the 7178 aluminum alloy was prepared as an aluminum alloy template without further treatment.
Comparative example 2:
the only difference from example 3 is that the high entropy alloy was directly bonded to the aluminium alloy substrate layer by the hot pressing process, i.e. the aluminium alloy substrate layer was not surface treated.
Comparative example 3:
the only difference from example 3 is that the coating material was sprayed directly onto the aluminum alloy substrate layer, i.e. the aluminum alloy substrate layer was not surface treated.
The first test example: performance testing
The aluminum alloy forms prepared in examples 1 to 5 and the aluminum alloy forms prepared in comparative examples 1 to 3 were subjected to performance tests, and the results of the performance tests are shown in table 1 below.
Table 1: results of Performance testing
(remarks: A-excellent, B-good, C-medium, D-poor divisions)
As can be seen from table 1, the aluminum alloy templates prepared in examples 1 to 5 have excellent hardness, strength, wear resistance, impact resistance and stability by performing X-ray diffraction phase analysis/SEM back scattering scanning and energy spectrum analysis on the aluminum alloy and studying the influence of the microstructure and mechanical properties of the prepared aluminum alloy templates by the transmission electron microscope analysis technique and the metallographic test technique, but the aluminum alloy substrate used as the aluminum alloy template for construction in comparative document 1 has poorer hardness, strength and stability than those of the examples, and has significantly poorer wear resistance and impact resistance than those of the examples. In the comparative example 2, the aluminum alloy substrate layer is subjected to surface treatment, and the high-entropy alloy is directly combined with the aluminum alloy substrate layer through a hot pressing process, so that although the aluminum alloy substrate layer has excellent hardness and strength, the wear resistance and the impact resistance of the aluminum alloy substrate layer are poorer than those of the aluminum alloy template prepared in the example, and the aluminum alloy substrate layer is stably and obviously poorer than the aluminum alloy template in the comparative example; in comparative example 3, the aluminum alloy substrate layer was directly sprayed with the coating material without surface treatment, and although it had excellent hardness, strength and impact resistance, it was inferior in wear resistance and stability to the aluminum alloy forms prepared in examples. In combination, after the surface treatment is carried out on the aluminum alloy substrate layer, the hot pressing process of the high-entropy alloy and the spraying of the coating material are carried out, so that the hardness, the strength, the wear resistance, the impact resistance and the stability of the prepared aluminum alloy template are improved.
Test example two: lightweight testing
The aluminum alloy forms prepared in example 3, the aluminum alloy forms prepared in comparative example 1, and the commercially available aluminum alloy forms were weighed, and the weights were compared, and the results are shown in table 2 below.
Table 2: result of comparison of weight reduction
| Group of | Example 3 | Comparative example 1 | Aluminum alloy template sold in market |
| Grade | A | B | B |
(remarks: A-Excellent, B-general, C-poor division)
The grading is performed according to the division in the industry and in combination with the aluminum alloy templates, namely, the aluminum alloy template prepared in the embodiment 3, the aluminum alloy template prepared in the comparative example 1 and the aluminum alloy template sold in the market are compared, and the preparation thicknesses are consistent, wherein the aluminum alloy template prepared in the embodiment 3 has the excellent light weight characteristic, and the aluminum alloy template prepared in the embodiment 3 also has the excellent hardness, strength, wear resistance, impact resistance and stability by combining the analysis in the table 1; the aluminum alloy form prepared in comparative example 1, and the aluminum alloy form on the market, are heavier than the aluminum alloy form prepared in example 3, and also have poorer overall properties than the aluminum alloy form prepared in example 3.
Test example three: stability test
The aluminum alloy template samples prepared in example 3, the aluminum alloy template samples prepared in comparative example 2, the aluminum alloy template samples prepared in comparative example 3, and the aluminum alloy template samples commercially available were placed under different environmental conditions, and the stability of interlayer connection was observed, and the results were recorded as shown in table 3 below.
Table 3: stability test results
(remarks: A-Excellent, B-general, C-poor division)
As can be seen from the stability test in table 3, after the surface treatment, the aluminum alloy template prepared by the present invention is subjected to the hot pressing of the high-entropy alloy and the spraying of the coating material, so that the aluminum alloy template has excellent stability under different environmental conditions, but the aluminum alloy substrate without the surface treatment is subjected to the hot pressing of the high-entropy alloy or the spraying of the coating material, and the coating layer may fall off during the test, and the sample in comparative example 2 is sliced to analyze the internal structure, the connection degree between the aluminum alloy substrate layer without the surface treatment and the high-entropy alloy is poorer than that between the aluminum alloy substrate layer without the surface treatment and the high-entropy alloy, and the surface treatment of the aluminum alloy substrate layer does not affect the comprehensive performance of the prepared aluminum alloy template and also affects the stability thereof in combination with the performance data analysis in table 1.
Test example four: mechanical Property test
Mechanical property analysis was performed for the prepared aluminum alloy template samples under different hot pressing conditions for testing, which were otherwise identical to those in example 3 except that the hot pressing conditions were different. The results are shown in Table 4.
Table 4: results of mechanical Property testing
The analysis in table 4 shows that the parameters of the hot pressing process influence the mechanical properties of the aluminum alloy template prepared in the present application, and the tensile strength, yield strength and elongation after fracture of the aluminum alloy template prepared by the aluminum alloy substrate layer and the subsequent preparation process in the present invention can reach 470MPa, 430MPa and 13%, so that the preparation process in the present application can promote the preparation of the aluminum alloy template having more excellent mechanical properties and obtain the aluminum alloy template more suitable for market demands.
In addition, the aluminum alloy template prepared in the embodiment 3 and concrete act together, and the aluminum alloy template prepared by the invention obtained by an auxiliary machine does not reduce the surface strength of the concrete, but has better auxiliary effect when used as a template.
In sum, the prepared aluminum alloy template has more excellent hardness, strength, wear resistance, impact resistance and stability, and the aluminum alloy template with more excellent mechanical property can be prepared under the preparation process condition.
The embodiments described above are some, but not all embodiments of the invention. The detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention is not intended to limit the scope of the invention as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides an aluminum alloy template for building, its characterized in that, aluminum alloy template for building includes aluminum alloy substrate layer, and sets up respectively first top layer and the second top layer on aluminum alloy substrate layer two sides, first top layer pass through the spraying technology be formed in the one side of aluminum alloy substrate layer, the second top layer pass through hot pressing technology with the another side integrated into one piece of aluminum alloy substrate layer, just first top layer is for reducing aluminum alloy substrate surface energy's coating material, the second top layer is the high entropy alloy.
2. The aluminum alloy formwork for buildings as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the aluminum alloy formwork, the thickness ratio of the aluminum alloy substrate layer to the second surface layer is 2-8: 0.1-0.9.
3. The architectural aluminum alloy formwork of claim 1, wherein the aluminum alloy substrate layer is a 7XXX series aluminum alloy.
4. The architectural aluminum alloy template of claim 1, wherein the coating material comprises a combination of an aluminum phosphate binder and perfluorooctyltrichlorosilane.
5. The architectural aluminum alloy template of claim 1, wherein the high entropy alloy is one of a CoCrFeNi alloy, a CoCrFeMnNi alloy, a CoCrFeNi alloy, or a CoCrFeMnNi alloy.
6. A method of making the aluminum alloy construction form of any of claims 1-5, comprising the steps of:
1) preparing an aluminum alloy substrate layer;
2) shaping and surface treating the aluminum alloy base material layer;
3) superposing the high-entropy alloy on one surface of the aluminum alloy substrate layer subjected to surface treatment, carrying out hot pressing under the protection of argon, wherein the hot pressing temperature is 600-750 ℃, and carrying out heat preservation for 6-9h, so that the high-entropy alloy is diffused on the surface of the aluminum alloy substrate layer, then cooling to 450-550 ℃, carrying out heat preservation for 1-3h, and cooling in a furnace to room temperature;
4) and spraying the mixed solution on the other surface of the aluminum alloy substrate layer, and then curing at the temperature of 95-110 ℃ to obtain the aluminum alloy template for the building.
7. The method for preparing the aluminum alloy template for buildings according to claim 6, wherein the method for preparing the aluminum alloy base material layer comprises the following steps: adding an aluminum alloy raw material into a smelting furnace, melting into an aluminum alloy liquid, slagging off, removing impurities, injecting the aluminum alloy liquid into a template die of a cold die casting machine, and die-casting to obtain an aluminum alloy substrate layer.
8. The method for preparing the aluminum alloy template for buildings according to claim 6, wherein the surface treatment is as follows: polishing the surface of the prepared aluminum alloy base material layer until no scratch is formed, carrying out first washing by using pure water, then placing the aluminum alloy base layer into absolute ethyl alcohol for ultrasonic cleaning for 10-20min, taking out and carrying out second washing by using pure water; and after the water washing is finished, putting the mixture into 1.0-2.0mol/L hydrochloric acid solution, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 8-12min at the temperature of 25 ℃, and taking out the mixture to carry out the third water washing.
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