CN111843838A - Method for retaining high-energy beam processing kerf morphology information - Google Patents
Method for retaining high-energy beam processing kerf morphology information Download PDFInfo
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- CN111843838A CN111843838A CN202010657400.5A CN202010657400A CN111843838A CN 111843838 A CN111843838 A CN 111843838A CN 202010657400 A CN202010657400 A CN 202010657400A CN 111843838 A CN111843838 A CN 111843838A
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- splicing
- cutting
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- seam
- kerf
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
- B24C1/00—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods
- B24C1/04—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods for treating only selected parts of a surface, e.g. for carving stone or glass
- B24C1/045—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods for treating only selected parts of a surface, e.g. for carving stone or glass for cutting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
- B24C3/00—Abrasive blasting machines or devices; Plants
- B24C3/02—Abrasive blasting machines or devices; Plants characterised by the arrangement of the component assemblies with respect to each other
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
- B24C3/00—Abrasive blasting machines or devices; Plants
- B24C3/32—Abrasive blasting machines or devices; Plants designed for abrasive blasting of particular work, e.g. the internal surfaces of cylinder blocks
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Processing Of Stones Or Stones Resemblance Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a method for retaining high-energy beam processing kerf shape information. The method comprises the following steps: (1) tightly attaching the two processed splicing blocks into a whole block, and fastening, assembling and fixing the splicing blocks by bolts and nuts; (2) the cutting head cuts the workpiece along the splicing seam of the splicing block, cuts off the abrasive source in front of the bolt position and stops jet flow; (3) and taking down the material sample block, and separating the two splicing blocks. Wherein the fixed amalgamation piece of equipment adopts two bolt and nut assembles firmly. The method of cutting the workpiece is to move the cutting head along the splice seam from outside the material to inside the material. The method of the invention replaces the original whole material sample block by two closely attached material splicing blocks, can expose the complex cutting seam appearance inside the material which is difficult to measure originally by separating the material splicing blocks, not only retains complete and accurate cutting seam appearance information, but also is convenient for data acquisition and measurement. The method is simple and easy to implement, convenient to implement and strong in operability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of high-energy beam machining, and particularly relates to a method for retaining shape information of a high-energy beam machining kerf.
Background
The high-pressure water jet technology is a novel green high-energy beam processing technology developed in the last three decades. This technique pressurizes water by a high pressure pump and forces the high pressure water out through a small diameter nozzle to form a high velocity water jet, which can be up to 1000 m/s. The jet can be used to process various softer or thin hard materials. Typically, the abrasive is added to the jet to form a high velocity abrasive jet, which can be used to process any material, including diamond. High pressure water jet technology is considered to be the fastest growing mainstream cutting technology in the world today. Compared with other cutting processing technologies, the high-pressure water jet has many unique advantages, such as small acting force (<40N), no thermal effect, no dust, wide adaptability, strong processing flexibility and the like. Therefore, the high-pressure water jet technology is widely applied to cutting in a plurality of fields such as metal, plastic, stone, rubber and the like.
The high-energy beam abrasive water jet is different from the traditional cutting tool, and has the problems of jet flow back dragging, non-uniform radial and axial distribution of jet flow energy and the like in the material processing process. As shown in figure 1, when the cutting head moves along the feeding direction of the processing, the injection point A of the jet flow on the upper surface of the material and the injection point B of the jet flow on the lower surface of the material are not on the same vertical line, and the front edge profile of the cutting seam is a curve. As shown in fig. 2, when the cutting head is moved in the feed direction of the work, the incident cut CD of the jet on the upper surface of the material and the exit cut EF on the lower surface of the material are not of the same size, and the profile of the side edge of the slit is also a curve.
The inevitable high-energy beam processing characteristics cause the processed parts to have processing morphology defects such as corner errors, fillet errors, section taper errors and the like. At present, the abrasive water jet is utilized to process the high-energy beam of the material, and the cutting head for jetting the abrasive water jet with the high-energy beam swings for a certain angle along the corresponding direction to eliminate the processing defect by pre-judging the dragging quantity of the jet and the taper error angle of the section, thereby achieving the purpose of precision processing.
Generally, the compensation and control of the cutting head in the cutting process are completed by control software of a water jet cutting machine, and the core of the compensation and control is a cutting model capable of prejudging jet flow drag amount and section taper error angle under different process parameters. The establishment of the cutting model depends on the acquisition of the shape information of the cutting seam formed under different process parameters, but how to accurately acquire the shape information of the cutting seam processed by the high-energy beam always troubles researchers in the field. Because the high-energy beam processing cutting seam is thin and narrow, the conventional detection means is difficult to acquire data, and the internal appearance characteristics of the cutting seam are complex, so that the acquisition of related information on the premise of not damaging the appearance characteristics is difficult. The material needs to be cut open along the kerf in the currently and commonly adopted method, as shown in fig. 3, a whole cuboid material sample block with a proper size is processed in advance, a cutting test is carried out on the cuboid material sample block, an abrasive source is cut off and jet flow is stopped when the cutting head cuts to the point H from the point G, and complete kerf morphology information is reserved in the middle of the material sample piece at the moment. However, in order to further measure and collect the kerf topography data, the whole material sample block needs to be split along the GI dotted line, the material on one side is removed, the kerf internal topography on the material on the other side is exposed, and the data collection work is performed.
In addition, the method has the defect that the shape of the cutting seam is damaged at a high probability when the material is cut open, so that accurate shape information of the cutting seam is difficult to acquire. Meanwhile, due to the fact that one side of the material is removed, only half of the kerf shape information can be obtained, and complete kerf shape information cannot be obtained. At present, in the field of water jet and even in the field of high-energy beams, a method which can completely reserve the three-dimensional shape information in the whole cutting seam and is beneficial to acquisition and acquisition is not available.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a method for retaining the shape information of a high-energy beam processing cutting seam.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for retaining high-energy beam processing kerf morphology information comprises the following steps:
(1) tightly attaching the two processed splicing blocks together, and fastening, assembling and fixing the splicing blocks by bolts and nuts;
(2) the cutting head cuts the workpiece along the splicing seam of the splicing block, cuts off the abrasive source and shuts off the jet flow before moving to the bolt position;
(3) and (4) separating the two splicing blocks to expose the shape information of the internal cutting seam.
Further, the requirements for processing the splicing block in the step (1) are as follows: and (4) polishing the surface to be spliced smoothly, and processing two bolt holes close to the center.
Further, the method for attaching, assembling and fixing in the step (1) comprises the following steps: the surfaces to be spliced of the two splicing blocks are combined together face to face, and two pairs of bolts and nuts are used for firm assembly.
Further, the method for cutting the cutting head along the split suture line of the split block in the step (2) comprises the following steps: the position relation between the nozzle of the cutting head and the splicing seam is corrected through technical means such as optical positioning and the like, and the cutting head is fed and moved from the outside of the material to the inside of the material for processing.
Further, the method for separating the two split blocks in the step (3) comprises the following steps: and disassembling two pairs of fastening bolts and nuts for assembly.
Furthermore, half of the exposed cutting seam appearance is arranged on the splicing face side of each of the two split splicing blocks, and the two splicing face sides are combined to form complete high-energy beam processing cutting seam appearance information.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following obvious and prominent substantive characteristics and remarkable advantages:
1. the method of the invention replaces the original whole material sample block by two closely jointed material splicing blocks, and exposes the complex cutting seam appearance inside the material which is difficult to measure originally by separating the material splicing blocks, thereby not only keeping complete and accurate cutting seam appearance information, but also facilitating data acquisition and measurement;
2. The method is simple and easy to implement, convenient to implement and strong in operability. Meanwhile, the method can be used for any cutting track, cutting process and cutting material, and has wide applicability and practicability in the field of high-energy beam processing.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of kerf leading edge profile error during high energy beam processing.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the profile error of the slit side during high energy beam processing.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a method of slitting a material.
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of assembly and splicing of the splicing blocks in the method of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of a material sample block assembled and fixed in the method of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a diagram of a material segment with high energy beam processing kerf topography information retained in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The method according to the invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and preferred embodiments.
The first embodiment is as follows:
in this embodiment, referring to fig. 4, the method for retaining the profile information of the high-energy beam machining kerf comprises the following steps:
(1) tightly attaching the two processed splicing blocks together, and fastening, assembling and fixing the splicing blocks by bolts and nuts;
(2) The cutting head cuts the workpiece along the splicing seam of the splicing block, cuts off the abrasive source and shuts off the jet flow before moving to the bolt position;
(3) and (4) separating the two splicing blocks to expose the shape information of the internal cutting seam.
Example two:
this embodiment is substantially the same as the first embodiment, and is characterized in that:
in this embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, in step (1), two processed split blocks are closely attached together and assembled and fixed:
because the method of the invention replaces a whole material sample block by two material split blocks, the two material split blocks are required to be tightly attached, assembled and fixed. Before the method is implemented, the splicing blocks need to be processed, and the method comprises the steps of cutting two splicing blocks with the same size, processing two bolt holes at the positions, close to the center, of the splicing blocks, polishing the surfaces to be spliced of the splicing blocks smoothly, and polishing corner burrs. The processing method of the split block is not limited, and any other processing method can be adopted as long as the processing requirement can be met.
The method for assembling and fixing the two processed splicing blocks into a whole material comprises the steps of combining the surfaces to be spliced of the two splicing blocks face to face, and firmly assembling by using two bolts and nuts. As shown in figure 5, the smooth surfaces to be spliced of the splicing blocks 1 and 2 are spliced together face to face, a bolt 4 penetrates through a first bolt hole, and a matched nut 3 is screwed up and screwed. Similarly, a bolt 6 is passed through the second bolt hole and the nut 5 is tightened. The assembled and fixed sample block is shown in fig. 6.
The cutting head of step (2) cuts the work piece along the amalgamation suture line of amalgamation piece, cuts off the abrasive material source and shuts down the efflux before removing to the bolt position:
after the material sample block is clamped, the cutting head needs to be moved to a proper relative position to start cutting, and the tool setting method is to correct the position relation between the center of the nozzle of the cutting head and the splicing seam through technical means such as optical positioning and the like, so that the center of the nozzle is positioned on an extension line of the outer direction of the splicing seam material.
After the technological parameters are set, the jet nozzle and the abrasive valve are opened, and the cutting head is moved from the outside of the material to the inside of the material strictly along the splicing suture line for high-energy beam processing. In order to avoid damaging the bolt and affecting the firmness of the split block, the abrasive source needs to be manually cut off and the jet stopped before the cutting head is observed to move to reach the position of the bolt at the center of the material sample block.
And (3) separating the two splicing blocks to expose the shape information of the internal cutting seam:
the sample piece of material is removed from the cutting table, the bolt and nut assemblies 34 and 56 are removed, respectively, and the two split pieces 1 and 2 are separated. Half of the exposed information of the complex shape inside the cutting seam is on the splicing block 1, and the other half of the information is on the splicing block 2.
In order to retain the shape information of the cutting seam to the maximum extent, care should be taken during disassembly to avoid damage to the interior of the cutting seam caused by bolts, nuts or tools during disassembly.
Example three:
this embodiment is basically the same as the second embodiment, and is characterized in that:
in the embodiment, the processing material is low-carbon steel, according to the method, two low-carbon steel material splicing blocks with the size of 100mm × 15mm × 40mm are firstly processed, the surface to be spliced is polished to Ra1.6 roughness, the rest surfaces are polished to Ra6.3 roughness, and two bolt holes with the diameter of 10.5mm are respectively processed at the middle positions of the two splicing blocks. And the surfaces to be spliced of the two splicing blocks are spliced into a block facing inwards, and the two blocks are firmly assembled by two pairs of bolts and nuts with the specification of M10 respectively.
And placing the assembled material sample block on a cutting workbench, clamping, and moving the center of the nozzle to the splicing and sewing line by using a precise optical position finder and moving the nozzle to the outside of the material by about 3mm along the direction. The set process parameters comprise water pressure of 330MPa, water nozzle diameter: 0.33mm, the diameter of an abrasive nozzle is 0.889mm, the abrasive flow is 0.45kg/min, the abrasive granularity is 80 meshes, the target distance is 1.5mm, and the cutting quality grade is Q3. A straight line with the length of 50mm is set as a cutting track, and the direction of the straight line is from the outside of the material to the inside of the material along the splicing suture line. And opening the jet flow nozzle and the abrasive material valve, moving the cutting head for processing, cutting off the abrasive material source and stopping jet flow when the cutting head is close to the central bolt position of the sample block to obtain a cutting seam. In order to be convenient to operate, the other end of the material sample block can be directly processed for the second time according to the same step without being disassembled, and the other cutting seam is obtained.
And after the processing is finished, taking down the material sample block, disassembling the bolt and nut combination, and separating the two splicing blocks to obtain the completely reserved shape information of the high-energy beam processing cutting seam. As shown in fig. 7, where the first piece of kerf information is half x1 on tile 1 and half x2 on tile 2, and similarly, the second piece of kerf information is half y1 on tile 1 and half y2 on tile 2.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and those skilled in the art can implement the present invention in other various embodiments according to the disclosure of the present invention, so that all designs and concepts of the present invention can be changed or modified without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A method for retaining high-energy beam processing kerf morphology information comprises the following steps:
(1) tightly attaching the two processed splicing blocks together, and fastening, assembling and fixing the splicing blocks by bolts and nuts;
(2) The cutting head cuts the workpiece along the splicing seam of the splicing block, cuts off the abrasive source and shuts off the jet flow before moving to the bolt position;
(3) and (4) separating the two splicing blocks to expose the shape information of the internal cutting seam.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the requirement for the split block processing in step (1) is that: and (4) polishing the surface to be spliced smoothly, and processing two bolt holes close to the center.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the attaching and assembling in step (1) is performed by bringing the surfaces to be assembled of the two blocks together face to face and fastening them with two pairs of bolts and nuts.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the cutting head cuts along the split stitches of the split blocks in step (2) by: the position relation between the nozzle of the cutting head and the splicing seam is corrected through technical means such as optical positioning and the like, and the cutting head is fed and moved from the outside of the material to the inside of the material for processing.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the step (3) of separating the two split blocks comprises: and disassembling two pairs of fastening bolts and nuts for assembly.
6. The method of claim 5 wherein each of the two separate pieces has half of the kerf topography exposed on the mating face side thereof, the combination of which provides complete high energy beam machining kerf topography information.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010657400.5A CN111843838A (en) | 2020-07-09 | 2020-07-09 | Method for retaining high-energy beam processing kerf morphology information |
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| CN202010657400.5A CN111843838A (en) | 2020-07-09 | 2020-07-09 | Method for retaining high-energy beam processing kerf morphology information |
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Application publication date: 20201030 |