CN111843526A - Main shaft mechanism and machine tool - Google Patents
Main shaft mechanism and machine tool Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111843526A CN111843526A CN202010709515.4A CN202010709515A CN111843526A CN 111843526 A CN111843526 A CN 111843526A CN 202010709515 A CN202010709515 A CN 202010709515A CN 111843526 A CN111843526 A CN 111843526A
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- Prior art keywords
- main shaft
- shaft shoulder
- spindle
- shoulder
- shaft
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
- B23Q1/70—Stationary or movable members for carrying working-spindles for attachment of tools or work
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Auxiliary Devices For Machine Tools (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a main shaft mechanism and a machine tool, wherein the machine tool is applied with the main shaft mechanism, and the main shaft mechanism comprises: a main shaft box body; the main shaft penetrates through the main shaft box body through a plurality of bearings, and is provided with a shaft shoulder; the jacking part is movably arranged on the spindle box body and can jack the end face of the shaft shoulder in the moving process; and the control part is arranged corresponding to the propping part and is used for controlling the propping part to prop the shaft shoulder. Adopt the main shaft mechanism that above-mentioned structure set up, under the lower circumstances of main shaft rotational speed, can control the portion of propping to prop up through the control division and prop up the shaft shoulder, the moment of torsion of main shaft this moment is great, be enough to overcome the frictional force that the portion of propping top was held and is brought, thereby eliminate or weaken the vibration of main shaft completely, and then eliminate or weaken the deviation that the main shaft produced, improve processingquality, and when the main shaft stall or carry out high-speed rotation, then the portion of propping top is held can to the top of stopping, can not hinder the main shaft high-speed rotation, the practicality is strong.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to machining equipment, in particular to a spindle mechanism and a machine tool.
Background
Machine tool machining refers to machining and manufacturing of workpieces by using a machine tool, and is realized by means of relative motion between a cutter (or a grinding tool) and the workpieces, wherein the cutter (or the grinding tool) is installed on a cutter spindle, the workpieces are installed on a workpiece spindle, and in the machining process, the rotation of the cutter spindle and the rotation of the workpiece spindle are required to be controlled to realize corresponding machining adjustment. Researches show that the spindle can vibrate when the rotating speed is low, so that the axis generates deviation, further, the machining error is generated, the machining quality is influenced, and even a workpiece is damaged.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving at least one of the problems of the prior art. Therefore, in a first aspect, the present invention provides a spindle mechanism, which can effectively eliminate vibration when a spindle rotates at a low speed, and improve processing quality.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a machine tool, which achieves an improvement in machining quality by using the spindle mechanism.
A spindle mechanism according to an embodiment of a first aspect of the present invention includes:
a main shaft box body;
the main shaft penetrates through the main shaft box body through a plurality of bearings, and is provided with a shaft shoulder;
the jacking part is movably arranged on the spindle box body and can jack the end face of the shaft shoulder in the moving process;
And the control part is arranged corresponding to the propping part and is used for controlling the propping part to prop the shaft shoulder.
According to the embodiment of the invention, at least the following technical effects are achieved:
adopt the main shaft mechanism that above-mentioned structure set up, under the lower circumstances of main shaft rotational speed, can control the portion of propping to prop up through the control division and prop up the shaft shoulder, the moment of torsion of main shaft this moment is great, be enough to overcome the frictional force that the portion of propping top was held and is brought, thereby eliminate or weaken the vibration of main shaft completely, and then eliminate or weaken the deviation that the main shaft produced, improve processingquality, and when the main shaft stall or carry out high-speed rotation, then the portion of propping top is held can to the top of stopping, can not hinder the main shaft high-speed rotation, the practicality is strong.
According to some embodiments of the invention, one end of the propping part propping against the shaft shoulder is provided with a damping head.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the end surface of the shoulder against which the shaft is held is provided with a damping disc.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the supporting portion is provided in plurality uniformly around the axis of the main shaft.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the supporting portion is slidably disposed on the main shaft box along an axial direction of the main shaft, and the control portion hydraulically supports the supporting portion at an end of the supporting portion away from the shaft shoulder.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the main shaft has a mounting end exposed to the main shaft case, the shoulder is located on the main shaft near the mounting end, the main shaft case is provided with a cylinder base on a side of the shoulder near the mounting end, the cylinder base is provided with an annular oil passage around an axis of the main shaft, a plurality of piston cavities communicating with the annular oil passage, and an oil inlet pipe communicating with the annular oil passage, the supporting portion is slidably mounted in the piston cavities, and the control portion is connected to the oil inlet pipe.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the main shaft is provided with the bearing at an end of the shoulder remote from the supporting portion.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the shaft shoulder is of a convex structure, and the supporting portion is arranged at both ends of the shaft shoulder.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the spindle is vertically disposed, and the top holding portion is located below the shoulder.
A machine tool according to a second aspect of the present invention is provided with the spindle mechanism described in any one of the above embodiments.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
FIG. 1 is a first schematic construction of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the arrangement of an oil inlet pipe in the structure shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the supporting portion in the structure of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a second schematic construction of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the holding portion in the structure shown in fig. 4.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", and the like, indicate orientations and positional relationships based on the orientations and positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are used merely for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element so referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Referring to fig. 1 to 5, the present invention provides a spindle mechanism including:
a main shaft case 100;
the main shaft 200 penetrates through the main shaft box body 100 through a plurality of bearings 300, and the main shaft 200 is provided with a shaft shoulder 201;
the jacking part 400 is movably arranged on the main shaft box body 100, and the jacking part 400 can jack the end face of the shaft shoulder 201 in the moving process;
and a control part which is arranged corresponding to the propping part 400 and is used for controlling the propping part 400 to prop the shaft shoulder 201.
By adopting the spindle mechanism with the structure, under the condition that the rotating speed of the spindle 200 is low, the control part can control the propping part 400 to prop against the shaft shoulder 201, at the moment, the torque of the spindle 200 is large enough to overcome the friction force caused by propping of the propping part 400, so that the vibration of the spindle 200 is completely eliminated or weakened, the deviation generated by the spindle 200 is eliminated or weakened, the processing quality is improved, when the spindle 200 stops rotating or rotates at a high speed, the propping of the propping part 400 is stopped, the high-speed rotation of the spindle 200 is not hindered, and the practicability is strong.
In order to increase the friction force between the abutting portion 400 and the shaft shoulder 201 and improve the vibration eliminating or reducing effect, a damping head 401 may be provided at one end of the abutting portion 400 abutting the shaft shoulder 201, or a damping disc 202 may be provided at an end surface of the shaft shoulder 201 that is abutted, or both the damping head 401 and the damping disc 202 may be provided. Obviously, the friction coefficient of the end surfaces of the damping head 401 and the damping disc 202 only needs to be larger than the friction coefficient of the steel surface of the main shaft 200, so that the effect of improving the friction force can be achieved, and the damping head 401 and the damping disc 202 can be made of materials with better wear resistance in actual setting, and the specific material selection and friction coefficient setting can be set according to actual conditions and by combining with common knowledge, which is not described herein too much.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the plurality of supporting portions 400 are uniformly arranged around the axis of the spindle 200, and are controlled by the same control portion to ensure that the shoulders 201 are simultaneously supported around the circumference of the spindle 200, so as to avoid the uneven force from aggravating the axial deviation of the spindle 200.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the main spindle 200 has an exposed mounting end relative to the main spindle case 100, the shoulder 201 is located on the main spindle 200 near the mounting end, the main spindle case 100 is provided with a cylinder base 101 on one side of the shoulder 201 near the mounting end, the cylinder base 101 is provided with an annular oil passage 103 around the axis of the main spindle 200, a plurality of piston cavities communicating with the annular oil passage 103, and an oil inlet pipe 102 communicating with the annular oil passage 103, the piston cavities are arranged along the axial direction of the main spindle 200, a supporting portion 400 is slidably mounted in the piston cavities, and a control portion is connected with the oil inlet pipe 102 and used for controlling hydraulic oil of the oil inlet pipe 102.
By adopting the spindle mechanism with the structure, the annular oil path 103 can be used for pushing the jacking part 400 simultaneously only by conveying oil to the oil inlet pipe 102 through the control part. The spindle mechanism with the structure does not need to make excessive structural changes on the spindle box 100 or the spindle 200, and is beneficial to popularization and application.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, in some embodiments, the main shaft 200 is provided with a bearing 300 at an end of the shoulder 201 away from the top holding portion 400, which is beneficial to improve the vibration elimination or attenuation effect.
In addition, in order to avoid the influence on the stability and reliability of the operation of the bearing 300 caused by the large acting force of the supporting portion 400 on the bearing 300, in some embodiments of the present invention, the shaft shoulder 201 is a convex structure, and the supporting portion 400 is disposed at both ends of the shaft shoulder 201. The acting force of the jacking portions 400 at the two ends is kept consistent or nearly consistent, so that the jacking acting force possibly applied to the bearing 300 is effectively eliminated.
In other embodiments, referring to fig. 4 and 5, the same control portion is used to control the propping portions 400 at both ends of the shoulder 201 to ensure consistent force. Also in this embodiment, by externally providing an annular holding piece 500 to abut against one end surface of the shoulder 201, the holding portions 400 are provided at both ends of the annular holding piece 500 to eliminate the holding force that the bearing 300 may receive.
Referring to fig. 1-5, in some embodiments of the present invention, spindle 200 is vertically disposed with a top support 400 below shoulder 201. Thus, when the main shaft 200 rotates at a high speed, the abutting portion 400 can be separated from the shoulder 201 by its own weight.
In other distribution forms, the separation of the propping portion 400 from the shoulder 201 can be controlled by the control portion. In addition, or simply eliminating the pushing force of the control part on the top holding part 400, although the top holding part 400 is not actively separated from the shoulder 201, the friction between the two parts is extremely small because the force of the control part is cancelled, and the high-speed rotation of the main shaft 200 is not hindered.
The present invention also provides a machine tool provided with the spindle mechanism according to any one of the above embodiments.
The spindle mechanism can be used as a tool spindle and a grinding tool spindle, and can also be used as a workpiece spindle, so that the vibration generated when the spindle 200 rotates at a low speed is effectively eliminated, and the processing quality of a machine tool is improved.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an illustrative embodiment," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples" or the like mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
While embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. A spindle mechanism, comprising:
a main shaft box body;
the main shaft penetrates through the main shaft box body through a plurality of bearings, and is provided with a shaft shoulder;
the jacking part is movably arranged on the spindle box body and can jack the end face of the shaft shoulder in the moving process;
and the control part is arranged corresponding to the propping part and is used for controlling the propping part to prop the shaft shoulder.
2. The spindle mechanism according to claim 1, wherein: and a damping head is arranged at one end of the propping part for propping the shaft shoulder.
3. The spindle mechanism according to claim 1, wherein: and a damping disc is arranged on the end surface of the shaft shoulder which is supported by the shaft shoulder.
4. The spindle mechanism according to claim 1, wherein: the jacking portion is uniformly provided with a plurality of jacking portions around the axis of the main shaft.
5. The spindle mechanism according to claim 1, wherein: the jacking portion is arranged on the spindle box body in a sliding mode along the axial direction of the spindle, and the control portion hydraulically jacks the jacking portion at one end, far away from the shaft shoulder, of the jacking portion.
6. The spindle mechanism according to claim 5, wherein: the main shaft is provided with an installation end exposed relative to the main shaft box body, the shaft shoulder is positioned at the position, close to the installation end, on the main shaft, an oil cylinder seat is arranged on one side, close to the installation end, of the shaft shoulder of the main shaft box body, an annular oil way, a plurality of piston cavities communicated with the annular oil way and an oil inlet pipe communicated with the annular oil way are arranged on the oil cylinder seat around the axis of the main shaft, the jacking portion is slidably installed in the piston cavities, and the control portion is connected with the oil inlet pipe.
7. The spindle mechanism according to claim 6, wherein: the main shaft is provided with the bearing at one end of the shaft shoulder far away from the jacking part.
8. The spindle mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein: the shaft shoulder is of a convex structure, and the jacking portions are arranged at two ends of the shaft shoulder.
9. The spindle mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein: the main shaft is vertically arranged, and the jacking portion is located below the shaft shoulder.
10. A machine tool, characterized by: a spindle mechanism as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9 is provided.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010709515.4A CN111843526A (en) | 2020-07-22 | 2020-07-22 | Main shaft mechanism and machine tool |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010709515.4A CN111843526A (en) | 2020-07-22 | 2020-07-22 | Main shaft mechanism and machine tool |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111843526A true CN111843526A (en) | 2020-10-30 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010709515.4A Pending CN111843526A (en) | 2020-07-22 | 2020-07-22 | Main shaft mechanism and machine tool |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN111843526A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116045773A (en) * | 2023-04-03 | 2023-05-02 | 湖南中大创远数控装备有限公司 | Adjustable elastic ring gauge and method for measuring diameter of inscribed circle of roller bearing |
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| CN104515714A (en) * | 2015-01-07 | 2015-04-15 | 北京林业大学 | High-speed high-temperature hydraulic load-adjustable knife-chip friction device and friction measuring method |
| CN105149621A (en) * | 2015-09-01 | 2015-12-16 | 上海大学 | Electric spindle supported by magnetic suspension and lambdoid-groove dynamic pressure and static pressure gas combined bearings |
| CN207026543U (en) * | 2017-07-27 | 2018-02-23 | 苏州宝时得电动工具有限公司 | Power tool and power tool spindle assemblies |
| CN108480715A (en) * | 2018-03-06 | 2018-09-04 | 周玉翔 | A kind of precision drilling process equipment with vibrating function |
| CN209272862U (en) * | 2018-10-31 | 2019-08-20 | 大连亿鸿机械设备制造有限公司 | A kind of right boring spindle box |
| CN111283223A (en) * | 2020-03-04 | 2020-06-16 | 浙江双正科技股份有限公司 | Power head |
| CN111408741A (en) * | 2020-04-02 | 2020-07-14 | 广州市昊志机电股份有限公司 | Adjustable spindle locking device and lathe spindle box structure |
-
2020
- 2020-07-22 CN CN202010709515.4A patent/CN111843526A/en active Pending
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2931464A (en) * | 1954-11-05 | 1960-04-05 | Hans Deckel | Device for damping vibrations in a machine tool spindle |
| DE3637571A1 (en) * | 1986-11-04 | 1988-05-05 | Salje Ernst | Frictional vibration damper for machine tools |
| DE4403237A1 (en) * | 1993-04-14 | 1994-10-20 | Reishauer Ag | Spindle nose of a machine tool |
| CN1203138A (en) * | 1996-12-31 | 1998-12-30 | 尹格索碾磨机公司 | High speed hydrostatic spindle |
| JP2007210088A (en) * | 2006-02-09 | 2007-08-23 | Nt Engineering Kk | Chattering prevention device of working machine |
| CN201592256U (en) * | 2009-09-23 | 2010-09-29 | 永进机械工业股份有限公司 | Main shaft capable of suppressing vibration |
| JP2011079078A (en) * | 2009-10-06 | 2011-04-21 | Jtekt Corp | Spindle device of machine tool |
| CN201838550U (en) * | 2010-11-04 | 2011-05-18 | 株洲市德光设备制造有限责任公司 | 6-station metal halide lamp first end sealing machine |
| CN102463468A (en) * | 2010-11-17 | 2012-05-23 | 上海谱港机床有限公司 | Numerically controlled horizontal lathe suitable for overload processing |
| DE102011005791A1 (en) * | 2011-03-18 | 2012-09-20 | Kaltenbach & Voigt Gmbh | Arrangement for holding and rotating a workpiece to be machined |
| CN102974846A (en) * | 2012-12-06 | 2013-03-20 | 无锡博华机电有限公司 | Rotor and loose broach composite limiting damping mechanism of electric main shaft |
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| CN204148871U (en) * | 2014-10-24 | 2015-02-11 | 临清市顺佳机械设备有限公司 | The driving guide rail structure of headstock in vertical machining center |
| CN104515714A (en) * | 2015-01-07 | 2015-04-15 | 北京林业大学 | High-speed high-temperature hydraulic load-adjustable knife-chip friction device and friction measuring method |
| CN105149621A (en) * | 2015-09-01 | 2015-12-16 | 上海大学 | Electric spindle supported by magnetic suspension and lambdoid-groove dynamic pressure and static pressure gas combined bearings |
| CN207026543U (en) * | 2017-07-27 | 2018-02-23 | 苏州宝时得电动工具有限公司 | Power tool and power tool spindle assemblies |
| CN108480715A (en) * | 2018-03-06 | 2018-09-04 | 周玉翔 | A kind of precision drilling process equipment with vibrating function |
| CN209272862U (en) * | 2018-10-31 | 2019-08-20 | 大连亿鸿机械设备制造有限公司 | A kind of right boring spindle box |
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| CN111408741A (en) * | 2020-04-02 | 2020-07-14 | 广州市昊志机电股份有限公司 | Adjustable spindle locking device and lathe spindle box structure |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116045773A (en) * | 2023-04-03 | 2023-05-02 | 湖南中大创远数控装备有限公司 | Adjustable elastic ring gauge and method for measuring diameter of inscribed circle of roller bearing |
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Application publication date: 20201030 |