CN111841239A - Organic matter separation system and method - Google Patents
Organic matter separation system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111841239A CN111841239A CN202010749524.6A CN202010749524A CN111841239A CN 111841239 A CN111841239 A CN 111841239A CN 202010749524 A CN202010749524 A CN 202010749524A CN 111841239 A CN111841239 A CN 111841239A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/70—Organic compounds not provided for in groups B01D2257/00 - B01D2257/602
- B01D2257/708—Volatile organic compounds V.O.C.'s
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
- B01D2259/40—Further details for adsorption processes and devices
- B01D2259/40083—Regeneration of adsorbents in processes other than pressure or temperature swing adsorption
- B01D2259/40086—Regeneration of adsorbents in processes other than pressure or temperature swing adsorption by using a purge gas
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
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Abstract
The invention provides an organic matter separation system and method, and belongs to the field of waste gas treatment. The system comprises an adsorption concentration device (2) and a high boiling point substance separation unit (1); the high boiling point substance separation unit (1) is provided with a first outlet (103) and a first inlet (101) for introducing a gas to be treated, and the adsorption concentration equipment (2) is provided with a first inlet (201) and a first outlet (203); the first outlet (103) of the high boiling point substance separation unit (1) is communicated with the first inlet (201) of the adsorption concentration device (2), and the first outlet (203) of the adsorption concentration device (2) is emptied. This system combines big flux organic matter separation material, can separate big flux trace high boiling point material at normal atmospheric temperature to regenerate the material, solved current VOCs adsorption equipment and can not solve the problem that high boiling point VOCs reduces equipment performance, the effect is showing.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of waste gas treatment, in particular to an organic matter separation system and method.
Background
At present, the method for industrially treating the waste gas containing trace amount of VOCs mainly comprises a thermal oxidation process, and because the content of VOCs is low, a large amount of heat needs to be supplemented to support thermal decomposition, the thermal oxidation treatment is carried out after the concentration of VOCs is improved by adopting an adsorption concentration process, wherein more adsorption concentration equipment is an activated carbon adsorption bed and a molecular sieve adsorption bed. In practical application, in the exhaust gas, except for VOCs with boiling points lower than 160 ℃ such as toluene, xylene and esters, VOCs with boiling points higher than 160 ℃ such as trimethylbenzene and tridecane are generally contained, the VOCs are difficult to remove at the working temperature of the adsorption concentration equipment, the effect is not obvious even if the working temperature is raised, and the adsorption equipment has no selectivity on VOCs with high boiling points and low boiling points, so that a plurality of adsorption concentration equipment lose functions due to accumulation of VOCs with high boiling points after running for a period of time, and great economic loss is caused. For the mixed components with high composition content, the large-flux separation is generally carried out by fractionation, sublimation and the like, and the micro-flux separation is generally carried out by chromatographic columns and the like; for the mixed component containing trace organic matters, the separation of high boiling point components in the mixed component needs to be carried out with large flux, and an economic and effective method does not exist at present.
For the mixture containing trace organic matters, the treatment efficiency is low by using a fractionation method, the energy consumption is very high, especially when the flux is very large, the application value is not high, even if the substance to be separated is condensed by adopting a freezing mode, the mixture needs to be cooled firstly, and the energy consumption is also very high; although the mixture containing trace organic matters can be separated by using the chromatographic column, the large-flux treatment is difficult to realize, and the application value is not realized; if the adsorption is carried out by adopting modes such as activated carbon and the like, the separation effect on high-boiling-point components is poor, and high-boiling-point substances are remained on the activated carbon and are difficult to regenerate, so that the aim of separating the high-boiling-point substances cannot be fulfilled.
In view of this, the present application is specifically made.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an organic matter separation system and method, which are combined with a large-flux organic matter separation material, can separate a large-flux micro high-boiling-point substance at normal temperature through system design and regenerate the material, solve the problem that the existing VOCs adsorption equipment cannot solve the problem that the high-boiling-point VOCs reduce the equipment performance, and have obvious effect.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an organic matter separation system comprises adsorption concentration equipment and a high boiling point substance separation unit; the high boiling point substance separation unit is provided with a first outlet and a first inlet for introducing gas to be treated, and the adsorption concentration equipment is provided with a first inlet and a first outlet; and a first outlet of the high boiling point substance separation unit is communicated with a first inlet of the adsorption concentration equipment, and a first outlet of the adsorption concentration equipment is emptied.
The high boiling point substance separation unit is also provided with a second inlet for introducing regeneration gas and a second outlet for discharging regenerated gas.
The adsorption concentration equipment is also provided with a second inlet for introducing regeneration gas and a second outlet for discharging regenerated gas.
The system also comprises a thermal oxidation device which is respectively communicated with the high boiling point substance separation unit and the adsorption concentration device and is used for providing regeneration gas.
The thermal oxidation equipment is provided with an inlet which is communicated with the second outlet of the high boiling point substance separation unit and the second outlet of the adsorption concentration equipment.
The thermal oxidation equipment is also provided with a first outlet, a second outlet and a third outlet; a second outlet of the thermal oxidation equipment is communicated with a second inlet of the high boiling point substance separation unit; the first outlet of the thermal oxidation equipment is communicated with the second inlet of the adsorption concentration equipment; and a third outlet of the thermal oxidation equipment is exhausted.
The system also comprises a chimney for emptying, and the chimney is respectively communicated with the first outlet of the adsorption concentration equipment and the third outlet of the thermal oxidation equipment.
The organic matter separation method based on the organic matter separation system comprises the steps that gas to be treated is introduced from a first inlet of the high boiling point matter separation unit to intercept most high boiling point matters; and discharging the residual gas rich in low-boiling-point substances through a first outlet of the high-boiling-point substance separation unit, allowing the residual gas rich in low-boiling-point substances to enter the adsorption concentration equipment through a first inlet of the adsorption concentration equipment, intercepting most of low-boiling-point substances, and sequentially exhausting the residual gas rich in VOCs through a first outlet of the adsorption concentration equipment and a chimney.
And the regeneration gas in the thermal oxidation equipment is led out through a second outlet and a first outlet of the thermal oxidation equipment respectively, and then enters the high boiling point substance separation unit and the adsorption concentration equipment through a second inlet of the high boiling point substance separation unit and a second inlet of the adsorption concentration equipment respectively, so as to regenerate the high boiling point substance separation material in the high boiling point substance separation unit and the adsorption material in the adsorption concentration equipment.
And after being discharged through a second outlet of the high boiling point substance separation unit and a second outlet of the adsorption concentration equipment, the regenerated and removed small amount of gas rich in VOCs enters the thermal oxidation equipment through an inlet of the thermal oxidation equipment for decomposition, and the generated small amount of gas poor in VOCs enters a chimney through a third outlet of the thermal oxidation equipment for evacuation.
The high boiling point substance separation unit is filled with a high boiling point substance separation material which comprises one or a mixture of oxides of Si, Fe, Ca, Al, Mg, Mn, Ti, Ni, K, Na, B or Li, wherein the mass ratio of Si oxide is 0-100%, the mass ratio of Fe oxide is 0-10%, the mass ratio of Ca oxide is 0-20%, the mass ratio of Al oxide is 0-50%, the mass ratio of Mg oxide is 0-20%, the mass ratio of Ti oxide is 0-20%, and the mass ratio of oxides of other elements is 0-20%.
The separation process is a result of multi-aspect synergistic effect, and needs to be continuously tested and groped according to factors such as the characteristics, combination, proportion, preparation process and the like of each element and the oxide thereof. Meanwhile, the size of the pore channel is matched with the size of the organic matter to be separated, the affinity of the surface charge of the pore channel to the organic matter, the interaction between a secondary pore channel formed by self-assembly of the pore channel under the environmental condition and the organic matter to be separated, and the like are also considered.
In most cases, in the organic matter separation material, an oxide of Si is a main body of a material structure, Li, Na, K and the like have a certain regulating effect on the formation of secondary pores, B, Al, Mg, Ca and the like are helpful for improving the stability of the material, Fe, Mn, Ni, Ti and the like are helpful for regulating the surface charge of the pores, and the requirements under different working conditions are met through the combination of the element oxides.
The pore size distribution of the material is 0-100nm, preferably, the pore size distribution of the material is 1-10 nm.
The specific surface area of the material is 400-1000m2Preferably, the specific surface area of the material is 500-800m2/g。
The pore volume of the material is 0.2-0.8ml/g, preferably the pore volume of the material is 0.3-0.6 ml/g.
The material may be in the form of powder, granules, rods, spheres or honeycombs.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the organic matter separation material, which comprises the following steps:
and (2) uniformly mixing one or more compounds of Si, Fe, Ca, Al, Mg, Mn, Ti, Ni, K, Na, B or Li in water in proportion, adjusting the pH value until solids are separated out, keeping for a period of time, washing with water, soaking and drying to obtain the catalyst.
The soaking is in an acidic or alkaline solution. The soaking in alkaline solution is to use alkali to destroy the interaction between oxide precursors, so that the oxide is connected more loosely, small holes are generated at non-porous positions, and the small holes are changed into large holes. The oxide precursors are activated by acid to deepen the mutual reaction degree, the connection between the oxides is tighter, the macropores are changed into micropores, and the micropores disappear gradually. Preferably, the soaking is in an acidic solution.
Some of the compounds of the elements may be oxides themselves, and some non-oxides may be treated as described above to form oxides in whole or in large part.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the device can treat a mixture which has low organic matter content (generally less than 1 percent), complex composition (at least two compounds and does not belong to isomers) and needs to separate a component with a higher boiling point (>160 ℃) at normal temperature in large flux. Meanwhile, the risk that the adsorption concentration equipment is polluted by high-boiling-point substances is reduced, the adsorption effect of the adsorption concentration equipment on low-boiling-point substances is exerted, and the energy consumption of the thermal oxidation equipment is reduced. The problem that the performance of high-boiling-point VOCs is reduced cannot be solved by the conventional VOCs adsorption equipment, is avoided by separating the high-boiling-point VOCs, and meanwhile, the high-boiling-point VOCs are returned to thermal oxidation equipment by using system heat for decomposition, so that the separation function is recovered, the heat is recovered, and the energy efficiency is high.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an organic matter separation system of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1. a high boiling point substance separation unit; 101. a high boiling point material separation unit first inlet; 102. a high boiling point material separation unit second inlet; 103. a high boiling point material separation unit first outlet; 104. a second outlet of the high boiling point material separation unit; 2. an adsorption concentration device; 201. a first inlet of an adsorption concentration device; 202. a second inlet of the adsorption concentration device; 203. a first outlet of the adsorption concentration device; 204. a second outlet of the adsorption concentration device; 3. a thermal oxidation apparatus; 301. an inlet of a thermal oxidation device; 302. a first outlet of the thermal oxidation apparatus; 303. a second outlet of the thermal oxidation apparatus; 304. a third outlet of the thermal oxidation device; 4. and (4) a chimney.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
Example 1
An organic matter separation system comprises an adsorption concentration device 2 and a high boiling point substance separation unit 1; the high boiling point substance separation unit 1 is provided with a first high boiling point substance separation unit outlet 103 and a first high boiling point substance separation unit inlet 101 for introducing gas to be treated, and the adsorption concentration device 2 is provided with a first adsorption concentration device inlet 201 and a first adsorption concentration device outlet 203; the first outlet 103 of the high boiling point substance separation unit is communicated with the first inlet 201 of the adsorption concentration device, and the first outlet 203 of the adsorption concentration device is emptied.
The high boiling point substance separation unit 1 is further provided with a high boiling point substance separation unit second inlet 102 for introducing the regeneration gas and a high boiling point substance separation unit second outlet 104 for discharging the regenerated gas.
The adsorption concentration device 2 is further provided with an adsorption concentration device second inlet 202 for introducing the regeneration gas and an adsorption concentration device second outlet 204 for discharging the regenerated gas.
The system further comprises a thermal oxidation device 3 which is respectively communicated with the high boiling point substance separation unit 1 and the adsorption concentration device 2 and is used for providing regeneration gas.
The thermal oxidation device 3 is provided with a thermal oxidation device inlet 301, and the thermal oxidation device inlet 301 is communicated with the second outlet 104 of the high boiling point substance separation unit and the second outlet 204 of the adsorption concentration device.
The thermal oxidizer 3 is further provided with a first outlet 302 of the thermal oxidizer, a second outlet 303 of the thermal oxidizer and a third outlet 304 of the thermal oxidizer; the second outlet 303 of the thermal oxidation device is communicated with the second inlet 102 of the high boiling point substance separation unit; the first outlet 302 of the thermal oxidation device is communicated with the second inlet 202 of the adsorption concentration device; the third outlet 304 of the thermal oxidizer is evacuated.
The system also comprises a chimney 4 for exhausting, wherein the chimney 4 is respectively communicated with the first outlet 203 of the adsorption concentration device and the third outlet 304 of the thermal oxidation device.
The embodiment also provides an organic matter separation method based on the organic matter separation system, which comprises the following steps:
introducing gas to be treated through the first inlet 101 of the high boiling point substance separation unit to intercept most of high boiling point substances; the residual gas rich in low boiling point substances is discharged through the first outlet 103 of the high boiling point substance separation unit and enters the adsorption concentration device 2 through the first inlet 201 of the adsorption concentration device, most of the low boiling point substances are intercepted, and the residual gas rich in VOCs is exhausted through the first outlet 203 of the adsorption concentration device and the chimney 4 in sequence.
The regeneration gas in the thermal oxidation apparatus 3 is led out through the second outlet 303 and the first outlet 302 of the thermal oxidation apparatus, and then enters the high boiling point substance separation unit 1 and the adsorption concentration apparatus 2 through the second inlet 102 of the high boiling point substance separation unit and the second inlet 202 of the adsorption concentration apparatus, respectively, to regenerate the high boiling point substance separation material in the high boiling point substance separation unit 1 and the adsorption material in the adsorption concentration apparatus 2.
And the regenerated and removed small amount of gas rich in VOCs is discharged through the second outlet 104 of the high boiling point substance separation unit and the second outlet 204 of the adsorption concentration device respectively, and then enters the thermal oxidation device 3 through the inlet 301 of the thermal oxidation device for decomposition, and the generated small amount of gas poor in VOCs enters the chimney 4 through the third outlet 304 of the thermal oxidation device for evacuation.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An organic matter separation system comprises an adsorption concentration device (2) and is characterized by also comprising a high boiling point substance separation unit (1); the high boiling point substance separation unit (1) is provided with a first outlet (103) and a first inlet (101) for introducing a gas to be treated, and the adsorption concentration equipment (2) is provided with a first inlet (201) and a first outlet (203); the first outlet (103) of the high boiling point substance separation unit (1) is communicated with the first inlet (201) of the adsorption concentration device (2), and the first outlet (203) of the adsorption concentration device (2) is emptied.
2. The organic matter separation system according to claim 1, wherein the high boiling point material separation unit (1) is further provided with a second inlet (102) for introducing a regeneration gas and a second outlet (104) for discharging a regenerated gas.
3. The organic matter separation system according to claim 2, characterized in that the adsorption concentration device (2) is further provided with a second inlet (202) for introducing regeneration gas and a second outlet (204) for discharging regenerated gas.
4. The organic matter separation system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a thermal oxidation device (3) for supplying regeneration gas, which communicates with the high boiling point substance separation unit (1) and the adsorption concentration device (2), respectively.
5. The organic matter separation system according to claim 4, wherein the thermal oxidation apparatus (3) is provided with an inlet (301), and the inlet (301) communicates with the second outlet (104) of the high boiling point substance separation unit (1) and the second outlet (204) of the adsorption concentration apparatus (2).
6. The organic matter separation system according to claim 5, characterized in that the thermal oxidation plant (3) is further provided with a first outlet (302), a second outlet (303) and a third outlet (304); the second outlet (303) of the thermal oxidation device (3) is communicated with the second inlet (102) of the high boiling point substance separation unit (1); the first outlet (302) of the thermal oxidation device (3) is communicated with the second inlet (202) of the adsorption concentration device (2); the third outlet (304) of the thermal oxidation device (3) is evacuated.
7. The organic matter separation system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising a stack (4) for evacuation, the stack (4) being in communication with the first outlet (203) of the adsorption concentration plant (2) and the third outlet (304) of the thermal oxidation plant (3), respectively.
8. An organic matter separation method based on the organic matter separation system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the gas to be treated is introduced from the first inlet (101) of the high boiling point matter separation unit (1) to intercept most of the high boiling point matter; and discharging the residual gas rich in low boiling point substances through a first outlet (103) of the high boiling point substance separation unit (1), enabling the residual gas rich in low boiling point substances to enter the adsorption concentration equipment (2) through a first inlet (201) of the adsorption concentration equipment (2), intercepting most of low boiling point substances, and sequentially exhausting the residual gas rich in VOCs through a first outlet (203) of the adsorption concentration equipment (2) and a chimney (4).
9. The organic matter separation method according to claim 8, wherein the regeneration gas in the thermal oxidation apparatus (3) is respectively led out through the second outlet (303) and the first outlet (302) of the thermal oxidation apparatus (3), and then enters the high boiling point substance separation unit (1) and the adsorption concentration apparatus (2) through the second inlet (102) of the high boiling point substance separation unit (1) and the second inlet (202) of the adsorption concentration apparatus (2), so as to regenerate the high boiling point substance separation material in the high boiling point substance separation unit (1) and the adsorption material in the adsorption concentration apparatus (2).
10. The organic matter separation method according to claim 9, wherein the regenerated and removed small amount of gas rich in VOCs is discharged through the second outlet (104) of the high boiling point substance separation unit (1) and the second outlet (204) of the adsorption concentration device (2), and then enters the thermal oxidation device (3) through the inlet (301) of the thermal oxidation device (3) for decomposition, and the generated small amount of gas poor in VOCs enters the chimney (4) through the third outlet (304) of the thermal oxidation device (3) for evacuation.
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