CN111840810B - Biological tissue temperature field passive regulation and control method based on optical phase change nanoparticles - Google Patents
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Abstract
A biological tissue temperature field passive regulation and control method based on optical phase change nanoparticles relates to the technical field of tumor photothermal therapy. The invention aims to solve the problem of how to reduce the damaged range of normal biological tissues while ensuring the effectiveness of thermal therapy in tumor photothermal therapy. The method comprises the following steps: calculating the absorption factor Q of the nanoparticles meeting the requirements before and after the phase transitionabsFurther selecting nanoparticles meeting the requirements along with the change condition of the laser wavelength; calculating the change condition of the absorption factor of the nano-particles after surface coating before and after phase change along with the laser wavelength, and selecting the nano-particles meeting the requirements again; and calculating the quality factor P of the nano particles, and selecting the nano particles with the largest quality factor as the phase change material required by laser-induced tumor thermotherapy. The invention can obtain a biological tissue temperature field passive regulation and control technology based on optical phase change nano particles.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tumor photothermal therapy, in particular to a biological tissue temperature field passive regulation and control method based on optical phase change nanoparticles.
Background
Traditional cancer therapies include surgery, radiation therapy and chemotherapy, where surgical removal is often difficult to remove all tumors and some patients are inoperable for a variety of reasons, and chemotherapy and radiation therapy have serious side effects. Therefore, in recent years, the tumor thermotherapy has been receiving more and more attention as a tumor replacement therapy, and among them, the photothermal therapy for treating tumors by laser heating has been rapidly developed. This technique is primarily focused on the tumor area by using specifically targeted nanoparticles to convert light energy into heat energy more efficiently, increase the temperature of the tumor area, kill cancer cells, and reduce damage to surrounding healthy tissue.
However, experimental research shows that although the damage of tumor photothermal therapy to surrounding healthy tissues is relieved due to the introduction of the nanoparticles, due to the high light absorption property of the nanoparticles, laser light rapidly attenuates after reaching the interface between the tumor and normal tissues, so that the heat source is concentrated in the region, and therefore, the problem of damage to the normal tissues due to overheating of the tumor region still exists due to the effect of heat conduction. In clinical treatment, the thermal therapy process is often manually controlled by experience, and the operation accuracy is difficult to guarantee. How to reduce the damage range of normal biological tissues while ensuring the effectiveness of the heat treatment process becomes an urgent problem.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem of how to reduce the damaged range of normal biological tissues while ensuring the effectiveness of thermal therapy in tumor photothermal therapy, and provides a biological tissue temperature field passive regulation and control method based on optical phase change nanoparticles.
A biological tissue temperature field passive regulation and control method based on optical phase change nanoparticles is completed according to the following steps:
selecting nanoparticles with different sizes, shapes and different types, of which the crystallization temperature is between 40 and 100 ℃ and the dielectric constants of the nanoparticles before and after phase change are changed, as the nanoparticles meeting the requirements;
secondly, drawing the absorption factor Q of the nanoparticles meeting the requirements in the first step before and after the phase changeabsAccording to a curve graph of laser wavelength change, if a wave band exists in which the absorption factor of the nanoparticle after phase change is reduced compared with that of the nanoparticle before phase change, the nanoparticle is the nanoparticle meeting the requirement;
drawing a curve graph of the absorption factor of the nanoparticles which meet the requirements in the second step before and after phase change along with the change of the laser wavelength after the surface of the nanoparticles is coated with the film, wherein if a wave band exists in which the absorption factor of the nanoparticles after the phase change is reduced compared with that of the nanoparticles before the phase change, the nanoparticles are the nanoparticles meeting the requirements;
and fourthly, calculating the quality factor P of the nanoparticles meeting the requirements in the third step, and selecting the nanoparticles with the largest quality factor as the phase-change material required by the laser-induced tumor thermotherapy.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention relates to a biological tissue temperature field passive regulation and control method based on optical phase change nanoparticles, which realizes the passive regulation of a biological tissue temperature field by utilizing different optical characteristics of a nano phase change material in different forms before and after phase change. The amorphous state and the crystalline state of the nano phase change material before and after crystallization have different dielectric constants, when the temperature of a tumor region is higher than the crystallization temperature, the nano phase change material is subjected to phase change, so that the absorption factor of tumor tissues to light is reduced, namely, the photo-thermal conversion efficiency is reduced, the temperature rise rate is delayed, and meanwhile, the penetration depth of light is increased, so that the interior of a tumor is fully heated, the tumor tissues are treated more effectively, and the damage to normal tissues is reduced.
Secondly, the invention relates to a biological tissue temperature field passive regulation and control method based on optical phase change nano particles, which comprises the steps of firstly, widely searching phase change materials with obviously changed dielectric constants before and after phase change, obtaining the change conditions of absorption factors of nano particles with different sizes, different shapes and different nano phase change materials before and after phase change along with the wavelength through theoretical calculation, preliminarily selecting the phase change materials meeting the requirements, and then calculating the surface coating (SiO) of the nano particles on the basis2) The spectral characteristics of the nanometer particles before and after phase change finally obtain the nanometer phase change material which can meet the requirement that the absorption factor after phase change is reduced. The nanometer phase change material selected by the invention can greatly improve the problem of over-large damage of normal biological tissues under manual operation in the traditional laser-induced tumor thermotherapy technology, and is applied to the biological tissue temperature in the laser-induced tumor thermotherapy processThe field control provides a passive regulation and control method, and has very important significance on the precise medical technology.
The invention can obtain a biological tissue temperature field passive regulation and control method based on optical phase change nanoparticles.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating the effect of a method for passively regulating a temperature field of a biological tissue based on optical phase change nanoparticles according to an embodiment;
FIG. 2 shows the nano-particle VO of the first embodiment2The optical characteristic change before and after phase change and the change situation chart of quality factors under different wavelengths, A represents VO after phase change2And B represents VO before phase transition2C represents quality factors at different wavelengths;
fig. 3 is a graph showing the distribution of intra-tumor temperature when non-phase-change nanoparticles and phase-change nanoparticles are used in the first embodiment, in which the non-phase-change nanoparticles are used in the left diagram, and the phase-change nanoparticles are used in the right diagram.
Detailed Description
The first embodiment is as follows: the embodiment provides a biological tissue temperature field passive regulation and control method based on optical phase change nanoparticles, which is completed according to the following steps:
selecting nanoparticles with different sizes, shapes and different types, of which the crystallization temperature is between 40 and 100 ℃ and the dielectric constants of the nanoparticles before and after phase change are changed, as the nanoparticles meeting the requirements;
secondly, drawing the absorption factor Q of the nanoparticles meeting the requirements in the first step before and after the phase changeabsAccording to a curve graph of laser wavelength change, if a wave band exists in which the absorption factor of the nanoparticle after phase change is reduced compared with that of the nanoparticle before phase change, the nanoparticle is the nanoparticle meeting the requirement;
drawing a curve graph of the absorption factor of the nanoparticles which meet the requirements in the second step before and after phase change along with the change of the laser wavelength after the surface of the nanoparticles is coated with the film, wherein if a wave band exists in which the absorption factor of the nanoparticles after the phase change is reduced compared with that of the nanoparticles before the phase change, the nanoparticles are the nanoparticles meeting the requirements;
and fourthly, calculating the quality factor P of the nanoparticles meeting the requirements in the third step, and selecting the nanoparticles with the largest quality factor as the phase-change material required by the laser-induced tumor thermotherapy.
The beneficial effects of the embodiment are as follows:
first, in the embodiment of the present invention, a method for passively adjusting a biological tissue temperature field based on optical phase change nanoparticles utilizes different optical characteristics of a nano phase change material in different forms before and after phase change to achieve passive adjustment of the biological tissue temperature field. The amorphous state and the crystalline state of the nano phase change material before and after crystallization have different dielectric constants, when the temperature of a tumor region is higher than the crystallization temperature, the nano phase change material is subjected to phase change, so that the absorption factor of tumor tissues to light is reduced, namely, the photo-thermal conversion efficiency is reduced, the temperature rise rate is delayed, and meanwhile, the penetration depth of light is increased, so that the interior of a tumor is fully heated, the tumor tissues are treated more effectively, and the damage to normal tissues is reduced.
Secondly, in the embodiment, a method for passively regulating and controlling a biological tissue temperature field based on optical phase change nano-particles is provided, which comprises the steps of firstly, widely searching phase change materials with obviously changed dielectric constants before and after phase change, obtaining the change conditions of absorption factors of nano-particles with different sizes, different shapes and different nano-phase change materials before and after phase change along with the wavelength through theoretical calculation, preliminarily selecting the phase change materials meeting the requirements, and then calculating the surface coating (SiO) of the nano-particles on the basis of the change conditions2) The spectral characteristics of the nanometer particles before and after phase change finally obtain the nanometer phase change material which can meet the requirement that the absorption factor after phase change is reduced. The nano phase change material selected by the embodiment can greatly improve the problem of overlarge damage of normal biological tissues under manual operation in the traditional laser-induced tumor thermotherapy technology, is applied to the laser-induced tumor thermotherapy process, provides a passive regulation and control method for biological tissue temperature field control, and has very important significance on the precise medical technology.
The second embodiment is as follows: the present embodiment differs from the present embodiment in that: the different sizes in the step one are equivalent radiuses of 20-100 nm.
Other steps are the same as those in the first embodiment.
The third concrete implementation mode: the first or second differences from the present embodiment are as follows: the shapes of the nano spheres, the nano rods, the nano triangular plates or the nano cages in the step one are different.
The other steps are the same as those in the first or second embodiment.
The fourth concrete implementation mode: the difference between this embodiment and one of the first to third embodiments is as follows: the different types in the step one are chalcogenides, perovskite type composite oxides or vanadium dioxide.
The other steps are the same as those in the first to third embodiments.
The fifth concrete implementation mode: the difference between this embodiment and one of the first to fourth embodiments is: the laser wavelength in the second step and the third step is 400-1400 nm.
The other steps are the same as those in the first to fourth embodiments.
The sixth specific implementation mode: the difference between this embodiment and one of the first to fifth embodiments is as follows: drawing the absorption factor Q of the nanoparticles meeting the requirements before and after the phase change in the step twoabsThe curve graph changing with the laser wavelength is obtained by using open source software DDA according to the absorption factor Q of nanoparticles before and after phase change under different laser wavelengthsabsAnd drawing is carried out.
The other steps are the same as those in the first to fifth embodiments.
The seventh embodiment: the difference between this embodiment and one of the first to sixth embodiments is: the film plated on the surface of the nano particles in the third step is SiO2And (3) a membrane.
The other steps are the same as those in the first to sixth embodiments.
The specific implementation mode is eight: the difference between this embodiment and one of the first to seventh embodiments is: drawing the absorption factor Q of the nanoparticles meeting the requirements before and after the phase transition in the third stepabsThe curve graph changing with the laser wavelength is obtained by using open source software DDA according to the absorption factor Q of nanoparticles before and after phase change under different laser wavelengthsabsAnd drawing is carried out.
The other steps are the same as those in the first to seventh embodiments.
The specific implementation method nine: the difference between this embodiment and the first to eighth embodiments is: the quality factor calculation formula in the third and fourth steps is as follows:
P＝(Qabs,a-Qabs,c)/Qabs,a x 100％
wherein Q isabs,aDenotes the absorption factor, Q, of the nanoparticles before phase transitionabs,cRepresenting the absorption factor of the nanoparticles after phase transition.
The other steps are the same as those in the first to eighth embodiments.
The following examples were used to demonstrate the beneficial effects of the present invention:
the first embodiment is as follows: a biological tissue temperature field passive regulation and control method based on optical phase change nanoparticles is completed according to the following steps:
selecting VO (vanadium dioxide) with different sizes (equivalent radius 90nm), different shapes (nanospheres, nanorods, nano triangular plates or nanocages) and different vanadium dioxide, wherein the crystallization temperature is 40-100 ℃ and the dielectric constants of the VO and the VO are obviously changed before and after phase change2As satisfactory nanoparticles;
secondly, according to the nano-particle VO before and after phase change through open source software DDA2Absorption factor Q at different laser wavelengthsabsDrawing the nano-particle VO meeting the requirements in the first step2Absorption factor Q before and after phase transitionabsA curve graph along with the change of the laser wavelength of 400-1400 nm, if the phase-changed nano-particle VO exists2Absorption factor of before phase change of nanoparticle VO2The absorption factor of (2) is reduced, then the nanoparticle is a nanoparticle meeting the requirement;
thirdly, coating a film (SiO) on the surface before and after phase change by open source software DDA2) Of nanoparticles VO2Absorption factor Q at different laser wavelengthsabsDrawing the nano-particle VO meeting the requirements in the second step2Surface coating (SiO)2) The absorption factor before and after the phase change changes with the wavelength of the laser light of 400-1400 nmWhen there is a surface coating film (SiO) after the phase transition2) Of nanoparticles VO2Absorption factor of (2) is higher than that of surface coating film (SiO) before phase change2) Of nanoparticles VO2The absorption factor of (2) is lowered, the surface is coated with a film (SiO)2) Of nanoparticles VO2The nano particles are qualified nano particles;
fourthly, calculating the nano-particle VO meeting the requirements in the third step2The quality factor calculation formula of (2) is:
P＝(Qabs,a-Qabs,c)/Qabs,a x 100％
wherein Q isabs,aDenotes a nanoparticle VO2Absorption factor before phase change, Qabs,cDenotes a nanoparticle VO2Absorbing factors after phase change, and finally selecting the nano-particle VO with the largest quality factor2As a phase-change material required by laser-induced tumor thermotherapy.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating the effect of a method for passively regulating a temperature field of a biological tissue based on optical phase change nanoparticles according to an embodiment; as shown in fig. 1, in the present embodiment, the passive adjustment of the temperature field of the biological tissue is realized by using different optical characteristics of the nano phase change material in different forms before and after phase change, compared with the conventional nanoparticles, the amorphous state and the crystalline state of the nano phase change material before and after crystallization have different dielectric constants, and when the temperature of the tumor region is higher than the crystallization temperature, the nano phase change material undergoes phase change, so that the absorption factor of the tumor tissue to light is reduced, that is, the photothermal conversion efficiency is reduced, the temperature increase rate is delayed, and meanwhile, the penetration depth of light is increased, so that the interior of the tumor is sufficiently heated, thereby more effectively treating the tumor tissue and reducing the damage to the normal tissue.
FIG. 2 shows the nano-particle VO of the first embodiment2The optical characteristic change before and after phase change and the change situation chart of quality factors under different wavelengths, A represents VO after phase change2And B represents VO before phase transition2C represents quality factors at different wavelengths; as shown in FIG. 2, VO with an equivalent radius of 90nm is shown2The variation of the absorption factor of the nanospheres with the wavelength shows that VO2Nanosphere phaseAnd after the phase change, the requirement of the second step is met in the range of 560-700 nm of the laser wavelength, namely the absorption factor after the phase change is reduced relative to that before the phase change, and a peak value exists at about 630nm of the laser wavelength.
FIG. 3 is a graph of intra-tumor temperature distribution using non-phase-change and phase-change nanoparticles, wherein the non-phase-change nanoparticles are used in the left and the phase-change nanoparticles are used in the right; as shown in FIG. 3, after the phase-change nanoparticles are adopted, the uniformity of temperature distribution in the tumor is obviously improved, and the high-temperature area is more limited in the tumor rather than the abnormal tissue, so that the damage range of the normal biological tissue is obviously reduced.
Claims (8)
1. A biological tissue temperature field passive regulation and control method based on optical phase change nanoparticles is characterized by comprising the following steps:
selecting nanoparticles with different sizes, shapes and different types, of which the crystallization temperature is between 40 and 100 ℃ and the dielectric constants of the nanoparticles before and after phase change are changed, as the nanoparticles meeting the requirements;
secondly, drawing the absorption factor Q of the nanoparticles meeting the requirements in the first step before and after the phase changeabsAccording to a curve graph of laser wavelength change, if a wave band exists in which the absorption factor of the nanoparticle after phase change is reduced compared with that of the nanoparticle before phase change, the nanoparticle is the nanoparticle meeting the requirement;
drawing a curve graph of the absorption factor of the nanoparticles which meet the requirements in the second step before and after phase change along with the change of the laser wavelength after the surface of the nanoparticles is coated with the film, wherein if a wave band exists in which the absorption factor of the nanoparticles after the phase change is reduced compared with that of the nanoparticles before the phase change, the nanoparticles are the nanoparticles meeting the requirements;
fourthly, calculating the quality factor P of the nanoparticles meeting the requirements in the third step, and selecting the nanoparticles with the largest quality factor as the phase-change material required by the laser-induced tumor thermotherapy, wherein the calculation formula of the quality factor is as follows:
P＝(Qabs,a-Qabs,c)/Qabs,a x 100％
wherein Q isabs,aDenotes the absorption factor, Q, of the nanoparticles before phase transitionabs,cRepresenting the absorption factor of the nanoparticles after phase transition.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the different sizes in the first step are equivalent radii of 20-100 nm.
3. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first step is performed by using nanospheres, nanorods, nanopyramids or nanocages.
4. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the different species in step one is chalcogenide, perovskite-type composite oxide or vanadium dioxide.
5. The method for passively regulating the temperature field of biological tissues based on the optical phase transition nanoparticles as claimed in claim 1, wherein the laser wavelength in the second step and the third step is 400-1400 nm.
6. The method for passively regulating the temperature field of biological tissues based on optical phase-change nanoparticles as claimed in claim 1, wherein the absorption factor Q of nanoparticles before and after phase change is plotted in the second stepabsThe curve graph changing with the laser wavelength is obtained by using open source software DDA according to the absorption factor Q of nanoparticles before and after phase change under different laser wavelengthsabsAnd drawing is carried out.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the nanoparticle surface is used in the third stepThe film plated is SiO2And (3) a membrane.
8. The method for passively regulating temperature field of biological tissue based on optical phase-change nanoparticles as claimed in claim 1, wherein the absorption factor Q of nanoparticles before and after phase change is plottedabsThe curve graph changing with the laser wavelength is obtained by using open source software DDA according to the absorption factor Q of nanoparticles before and after phase change under different laser wavelengthsabsAnd drawing is carried out.
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