CN111839836B

CN111839836B - Quick-release femoral stem prosthesis implanting and extracting tool

Info

Publication number: CN111839836B
Application number: CN202010543959.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 闵信群; 黄仁宏
Original assignee: Tianyan Medical Equipment Co ltd
Current assignee: Tianyan Medical Equipment Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-06-15
Filing date: 2020-06-15
Publication date: 2022-11-25
Anticipated expiration: 2040-06-15
Also published as: CN111839836A

Abstract

The invention discloses a quick-release femoral stem prosthesis implanting and taking-out tool, which comprises a clamping body, wherein a clamping auxiliary body is arranged on one side of the clamping body, an elastic body is arranged at the upper end of the clamping auxiliary body, the elastic body is connected with the clamping body through a locking mechanism, a handle is arranged at the upper end of the clamping body, the clamping body sequentially comprises a body clamping section, a body inclined section, a body vertical section and a connecting section from bottom to top, and the clamping auxiliary body sequentially comprises an auxiliary body clamping section, an auxiliary body inclined section and an auxiliary body vertical section from bottom to top.

Description

Quick-release femoral stem prosthesis implanting and extracting tool

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of prosthesis replacement, in particular to a quick-release femoral stem prosthesis implanting and extracting tool.

Background

In the field of the existing orthopedic joints, due to the fact that research and development periods of product implants are long, feedback time is long, risks are high, and technologies are relatively mature, the surgical tools are updated, the key points of various medical instrument companies are formed, functions of the surgical tools are diversified, structures are simplified, and operation is simplified, so that the development trend of the surgical tools is reached.

In a hip joint replacement operation, a femoral handle needs to be clamped by a tool and then placed on a medullary cavity, then the femoral handle is placed into the medullary cavity by a beating tool, if the operation fails or the femoral handle needs to be replaced long after the old age, the femoral handle needs to be clamped by the tool and taken out, and a femoral handle prosthesis implanting device is the clamping tool needed when a femoral handle prosthesis is implanted and taken out.

The prior art has the defects and shortcomings that:

1. the existing femoral stem prosthesis implanter mostly uses a thread locking structure, so that the implanter is screwed into a hole on a femoral stem to be fixed, the femoral stem needs to be screwed down again after being placed in a medullary cavity, the operation mode is complex, the required time is relatively long, and the operation time and the operation risk are increased;

2. after the femoral stem is successfully clamped by the implanter through the thread structure, when the beating tool acts on the femoral stem, the acting force of the beating tool is concentrated on the screw teeth of the thread structure, and if the beating force is not accurately mastered, the screw teeth are easily necrotic or the screw threads are blocked, so that the success rate of the operation is influenced, the operation is very dependent on the experience of a doctor, and the operation difficulty and the operation time are increased;

3. the implanter with a thread structure has more thread grooves and more complex structure, and is not beneficial to cleaning and disinfection of tools after use.

The quick-release femoral stem prosthesis implanting and taking tool disclosed by the invention can achieve the using effect through a simple structure and simplified operation, and avoids the possible blocking risk of the conventional mainstream tool.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a quick-dismantling femoral stem prosthesis implanting and extracting tool to solve the problems in the prior art.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a femoral stem prosthesis implantation and the instrument of taking out of quick detach formula, includes the centre gripping body, the centre gripping body is used for centre gripping femoral stem, centre gripping body one side is provided with the centre gripping assistor, the centre gripping assistor is used for assisting centre gripping body centre gripping femoral stem, centre gripping assistor upper end is provided with the elastomer, the elastomer has certain elasticity for drive the centre gripping assistor and produce the power of a perpendicular to centre gripping body, connect through locking mechanism between elastomer and the centre gripping body, locking mechanism is fixed in the middle-end of centre gripping body, centre gripping body upper end is provided with the handle, the handle is used for the manual handheld this device of using, the centre gripping body includes body clamping section, body slope section, the vertical section of body, linkage segment from bottom to top in proper order, body clamping section is used for centre gripping femoral stem, the body slope section avoids the big rotor on the femoral shaft at the operation in-process, prevents to damage the big rotor, the vertical section of body is used for transmitting the clamping force, the linkage segment is used for connecting the handle, the centre gripping assistor centre gripping body centre gripping section includes the clamping section from bottom to top in proper order, the vertical section of the assistor slope section, the auxiliary body follows the clamping section from bottom to top.

Preferably, the one end that body centre gripping section is close to the auxiliary body centre gripping section is provided with the cutting groove No. one, the one end that the auxiliary body centre gripping section was kept away from the body centre gripping section is provided with the cutting groove No. two, no. one cutting groove and No. two cutting grooves make the part of auxiliary body centre gripping section get into in the body centre gripping section, make the more tight cooperation in the centre gripping hole of body centre gripping section, auxiliary body centre gripping section and femoral stem, reduce the clearance between the three, make its centre gripping succeed more easily, auxiliary body centre gripping section top thickness is D, auxiliary body centre gripping section and auxiliary body slope section link thickness are D, D is greater than D, the distance that D and D represent in figure 4 promptly, when this device centre gripping femoral stem, the atress of auxiliary body centre gripping section on the vertical direction, when D is greater than D, makes the most advanced of auxiliary body centre gripping section support on the centre gripping hole inner wall of femoral stem, has stopped the risk that this device and femoral stem drop each other.

Preferably, the elastic body comprises a curve elastic body and a straight line elastic body, when the device is used, the elastic force and the deformation borne by the curve elastic body are larger than those borne by the straight line elastic body, the curve-shaped curve elastic body can adapt to the deformation without breaking, the curve elastic body and the straight line elastic body are integrally formed, one end, close to the locking mechanism, of the curve elastic body is provided with a connecting ring, one end, close to the locking mechanism, of the straight line elastic body is provided with a connecting semi-ring, and the connecting ring and the connecting semi-ring are used for being connected with the locking mechanism.

Preferably, the locking mechanism comprises a connecting block, a wrench, a first pin, a second pin, a third pin, a first resistance ring and a second resistance ring, the connecting block is located in the middle of the clamping body, the connecting block is fixed on the clamping body, the wrench is connected with the connecting block through the first pin, when a certain force is given to the wrench by manpower, the wrench can be pulled off, the wrench rotates around the first pin, the second pin penetrates through the wrench, when the wrench is in the vertical direction, a pre-tightening force is formed between the second pin and the connecting block, a certain force is required for rotating the wrench, the first resistance ring is arranged on one side of the first pin, the second resistance ring is arranged on one side of the second pin, the first resistance ring and the second resistance ring enable a certain resistance force to be formed between the wrench and the first pin and the second pin, the wrench is prevented from easily rotating when the wrench is not subjected to an external force, the third pin is located on the lower side of the connecting block and penetrates through the connecting block, and the connection relationship between the linear elastomer and the third pin changes along with changes of the use state of the device.

Preferably, the connecting section sequentially comprises a polygonal section, a fixed section and a round head section from bottom to top, a polygonal groove is formed in one end, close to the connecting section, of the handle, the polygonal groove and the polygonal section are matched with each other, the handle and the connecting section can move in the same circumferential direction, a pressing block transversely penetrates through the polygonal groove, a spring is arranged on one side of the pressing block, a first fixing column is arranged on the other side of the spring, a column groove is formed in one side, far away from the spring, of the pressing block, a second fixing column is arranged in the column groove, the pressing block is pressed tightly by the elastic force of the spring under a normal state, the handle and the connecting section are fixed, when the pressing block is pressed by external force, the spring is compressed, the pressing block is separated from the fixed section, and the fixed section can be taken down to replace the specification of the tool.

Preferably, the pressing block and the handle are connected through a first fixing column and a second fixing column, the first fixing column and the second fixing column are fixed in the handle, one side of the pressing block is exposed out of the handle, the handle is convenient to press by hand, the connecting section is inserted into the handle, the polygonal section and the polygonal groove are matched with each other, the fixing section is in contact with the pressing block, the handle and the connecting section are fixed in the axial direction and the circumferential direction, and the handle and the connecting section cannot rotate relatively.

Preferably, the positions where the linear elastic body and the connecting half rings are connected are in smooth transition, so that the linear elastic body and the connecting half rings are successfully lapped when the elastic body deforms.

Preferably, the clamping auxiliary body and the elastic body, the clamping body and the locking mechanism are connected through a pin.

Preferably, the clamping body, the clamping auxiliary body and the elastic body are made of medical stainless steel.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. according to the quick-release femoral stem prosthesis implanting and taking-out tool disclosed by the invention, the femoral stem is clamped by using the elastic body and the locking mechanism instead of a traditional thread structure, and the femoral stem can be firmly clamped only by pulling the wrench during clamping, so that the operation difficulty is reduced, the operation time is reduced and the success probability of the operation is increased compared with the traditional structure;

2. according to the quick-release femoral stem prosthesis implanting and taking-out tool disclosed by the invention, when the femoral stem is implanted by knocking the tool, the acting force is mainly concentrated on the femoral stem, the acting force borne by the device is less, and compared with the traditional thread structure, the device has the advantages that the probability of damage is smaller, the probability of blocking is smaller, the difficulty of operation is reduced, and the probability of success of the operation is increased;

3. the quick-release femoral stem prosthesis implanting and taking tool disclosed by the invention has the advantages of very simple structure, fewer dead corners and microgrooves, and easiness in cleaning and disinfection;

4. the tip structure of the clamping auxiliary body is special, when the clamping body and the clamping auxiliary body extend into the clamping hole of the femoral stem, the locking mechanism drives the elastic body to provide a vertical outward force for the tip of the clamping auxiliary body, so that the device and the femoral stem cannot fall off unless the clamping body and the clamping auxiliary body are subjected to plastic deformation, and the clamping body and the clamping auxiliary body are both prepared by medical grade stainless steel with extremely high hardness, so that the falling risk of the device and the femoral stem is almost zero;

5. the rear end of the clamping body is connected with the handle through the pressing block, the connecting mode is detachable, tools of different types can be replaced, and the clamping device is widely applicable;

6. the front ends of the clamping body and the clamping auxiliary body are provided with the inclined sections, so that when the femoral stem is implanted, the trochanter on the femoral body can be avoided, and the trochanter is prevented from being damaged in the femoral stem implanting process.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a front view of a quick release femoral stem prosthesis implantation and extraction tool according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the clamping body of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a clamping aid of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a front view of the clamping aid of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of an elastomer of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the locking mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the handle of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is an interior perspective view of the handle of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a free state view of a quick release femoral stem prosthesis implantation and extraction tool of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the implanted state of a quick release femoral stem prosthesis implantation and extraction tool of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a quick release femoral stem prosthesis implantation and extraction tool of the present invention locking the prosthesis.

Reference numerals: 1. a clamping body; 2. clamping the auxiliary body; 3. an elastomer; 4. a locking mechanism; 5. a handle; 6. a body clamping section; 7. a body inclined section; 8. a body vertical section; 9. a connecting section; 10. an auxiliary body clamping section; 11. an auxiliary body inclined section; 12. an auxiliary body vertical section; 13. cutting a groove; 14. cutting a groove II; 15. a curvilinear elastomer; 16. a linear elastic body; 17. connecting the circular rings; 18. connecting the half rings; 19. connecting blocks; 20. a wrench; 21. a first pin; 22. a second pin; 23. a third pin; 24. a first resistance ring; 25. a second resistance ring; 26. a polygon segment; 27. a fixed section; 28. a round head section; 29. a polygonal groove; 30. pressing into blocks; 31. a spring; 32. a first fixing column; 33. a column groove; 34. a second fixed column; 35. and (4) a pin.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Example (b): referring to fig. 1 to 3, in the present invention, a quick-release femoral stem prosthesis implanting and removing tool includes a clamping body 1, the clamping body 1 is used for clamping a femoral stem, a clamping auxiliary 2 is disposed on one side of the clamping body 1, the clamping auxiliary 2 is used for assisting the clamping body 1 to clamp the femoral stem, an elastic body 3 is disposed at the upper end of the clamping auxiliary 2, the elastic body 3 has certain elasticity for driving the clamping auxiliary 2 to generate a force perpendicular to the clamping body 1, the elastic body 3 and the clamping body 1 are connected by a locking mechanism 4, the locking mechanism 4 is fixed at the middle end of the clamping body 1, a handle 5 is disposed at the upper end of the clamping body 1, the handle 5 is used for manually holding the device, the clamping body 1 sequentially includes a body clamping section 6, a body inclined section 7, a body vertical section 8 and a connecting section 9 from bottom to top, the body clamping section 6 is used for clamping the femoral stem, the large rotor of the body inclined section 7 during the operation process, the large rotor body vertical section 8 is prevented from being damaged, the rotor body vertical section 8 is used for transmitting the clamping force, the connecting section 9 is used for connecting the handle 5, the clamping auxiliary 2 sequentially includes a clamping auxiliary 10 from bottom to top, the clamping body 12, the clamping auxiliary 10 and the clamping body 12 is directed to the clamping body 12.

Referring to fig. 2 to 4, a first cutting groove 13 is formed in one end of the body clamping section 6 close to the auxiliary body clamping section 10, a second cutting groove 14 is formed in one end of the auxiliary body clamping section 10 far from the body clamping section 6, the first cutting groove 13 and the second cutting groove 14 enable a part of the auxiliary body clamping section 10 to enter the body clamping section 6, the auxiliary body clamping section 10 and a femoral stem clamping hole are matched more tightly, gaps among the three are reduced, clamping is easier to achieve, the thickness of the top end of the auxiliary body clamping section 10 is D, the thickness of a connecting end of the auxiliary body clamping section 10 and the auxiliary body inclined section 11 is D, D is larger than D, namely the distance shown by D and D in fig. 4, when the femoral stem is clamped by the device, the stress of the auxiliary body clamping section 10 in the vertical direction is larger than D, the tip of the auxiliary body clamping section 10 is abutted against the inner wall of the femoral stem clamping hole, and the risk that the femoral stem and the femoral stem fall off from each other is eliminated.

Referring to fig. 5, the elastic body 3 includes a curved elastic body 15 and a linear elastic body 16, when the device is used, the curved elastic body 15 is subjected to larger elastic force and deformation than the linear elastic body 16, the curved elastic body 15 with a curved shape can be more suitable for the deformation without breaking, the curved elastic body 15 and the linear elastic body 16 are integrally formed, one end of the curved elastic body 15 close to the locking mechanism 4 is provided with a connecting ring 17, one end of the linear elastic body 16 close to the locking mechanism 4 is provided with a connecting half ring 18, and the connecting ring 17 and the connecting half ring 18 are used for being connected with the locking mechanism 4.

Referring to fig. 6, the locking mechanism 4 includes a connecting block 19, a wrench 20, a first pin 21, a second pin 22, a third pin 23, a first resistance ring 24, and a second resistance ring 25, the connecting block 19 is located in the middle of the clamping body 1, the connecting block 19 is fixed on the clamping body 1, the wrench 20 is connected to the connecting block 19 through the first pin 21, the wrench 20 can be wrenched by a person with a certain force when the wrench 20 is operated, the wrench 20 rotates around the first pin 21, the second pin 22 passes through the wrench 20, when the wrench 20 is in a vertical direction, a pre-tightening force is provided between the second pin 22 and the connecting block 19, the wrench 20 needs a certain force, the first resistance ring 24 is disposed on one side of the first pin 21, the second resistance ring 25 is disposed on one side of the second pin 22, the first resistance ring 24 and the second resistance ring 25 enable the wrench 20, the first pin 21 and the second pin 22 to have a certain resistance force when the wrench 20 is operated without an external force, the wrench 20 is prevented from rotating, the third pin 23 is easily inserted into the connecting block 19, and the connecting block 18 is changed with the straight connecting block.

Referring to fig. 7 to 8, the connecting section 9 includes a polygonal section 26, a fixed section 27 and a round end section 28 in sequence from bottom to top, a polygonal groove 29 is formed at one end of the handle 5 close to the connecting section 9, the polygonal groove 29 and the polygonal section 26 are adapted to each other, the handle 5 and the connecting section 9 move in the circumferential direction in the same direction, a pressing block 30 transversely penetrates through the polygonal groove 29, a spring 31 is arranged at one side of the pressing block 30, a first fixing post 32 is arranged at the other side of the spring 31, a post groove 33 is arranged at one side of the pressing block 30 far from the spring 31, and a second fixing post 34 is arranged in the post groove 33.

The pressing block 30 is connected with the handle 5 through a first fixing column 32 and a second fixing column 34, the first fixing column 32 and the second fixing column 34 are fixed in the handle 5, one side of the pressing block 30 is exposed out of the handle 5, the handle 5 is conveniently pressed by a hand, the connecting section 9 is inserted into the handle 5, the polygonal section 26 and the polygonal groove 29 are matched with each other, the fixing section 27 is in contact with the pressing block 30, the handle 5 and the connecting section 9 are fixed in the axial direction and the circumferential direction, and the handle 5 and the connecting section 9 cannot rotate relatively.

The connecting positions of the linear elastic body 16 and the connecting half rings 18 are in smooth transition, so that the linear elastic body 16 and the connecting half rings 18 are successfully lapped when the elastic body 3 deforms.

The holding assistant body 2 and the elastic body 3, the holding body 1 and the lock mechanism 4 are connected by a pin 35.

The clamping body 1, the clamping auxiliary body 2 and the elastic body 3 are made of medical stainless steel.

The working principle of the invention is as follows: when the device is in a free state, as shown in fig. 9, a wrench 21 is in contact with the clamping body 1, a pretightening force is arranged between the second pin 22 and the connecting block 19, the wrench 21 is fixed in the direction within a certain force range, the elastic body 3 is driven by the wrench 21 to generate certain elastic deformation, a force in the direction shown by an arrow is arranged at the position b, the auxiliary body clamping section 10 is in contact with the body clamping section 6 at the position a, and the connecting half ring 18 is not overlapped with the third pin 23 at the position c;

when the device needs to clamp a femoral stem, as shown in fig. 10, at the f position, an external force gives a force in the arrow direction to the wrench 21, so that the wrench 21 rotates away from the clamping body 1, the curve elastic body 15 slightly rotates by taking the second pin 22 as an axis, the linear elastic body 16 is driven to rotate, the connecting half ring 18 and the third pin 23 are lapped, and meanwhile, the auxiliary body clamping section 10 and the body clamping section 6 at the e position are mutually compressed and extend into the clamping hole of the femoral stem;

when the femoral stem is locked, as shown in fig. 11, an arrow direction force is applied to the wrench 21 at the position h, so that the wrench 21 is in contact with the clamping body 1, a pre-tightening force is provided between the second pin 22 and the connecting block 19, the wrench 21 is fixed in the direction within a certain force path, the elastic body 3 is driven by the wrench 21 to generate a certain elastic force, the elastic force cannot be transmitted to the linear elastic body 16 due to the overlapping of the connecting half ring 18 and the third pin 23, but is transmitted to the clamping auxiliary body 2, so that the auxiliary body clamping section 10 generates an outward force to be tightly pressed against the side wall of the femoral stem clamping hole, and at the moment, the outer wall of the auxiliary body clamping section 10 and the inner wall of the femoral stem clamping hole are parallel, and D is greater than D, so that the auxiliary body clamping section 10 and the body clamping section 6 are locked in the femoral stem clamping hole and cannot be separated completely, and thus the clamping action of the femoral stem is completed; in the whole clamping process, the wrench 21 is only needed to be pulled off, so that the operation is very quick and simple;

when the specification of the device needs to be changed, the pressing block 30 is pressed, the spring 31 is compressed, the pressure between the fixed section 27 and the pressing block 30 is removed, and the clamping body 1 is taken down.

It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a femoral stem prosthesis of quick detach formula is implanted and is taken out instrument, includes centre gripping body (1), its characterized in that: a clamping auxiliary body (2) is arranged on one side of the clamping body (1), an elastic body (3) is arranged at the upper end of the clamping auxiliary body (2), the elastic body (3) is connected with the clamping body (1) through a locking mechanism (4), a handle (5) is arranged at the upper end of the clamping body (1), the clamping body (1) sequentially comprises a body clamping section (6), a body inclined section (7), a body vertical section (8) and a connecting section (9) from bottom to top, and the clamping auxiliary body (2) sequentially comprises an auxiliary body clamping section (10), an auxiliary body inclined section (11) and an auxiliary body vertical section (12) from bottom to top;

one end that body centre gripping section (6) is close to auxiliary body centre gripping section (10) is provided with cutting groove (13) No. one, the one end that auxiliary body centre gripping section (10) was kept away from body centre gripping section (6) is provided with cutting groove (14) No. two, cutting groove (13) and No. two cutting groove (14) make the part of auxiliary body centre gripping section (10) get into in body centre gripping section (6), auxiliary body centre gripping section (10) top thickness is D, auxiliary body centre gripping section (10) and auxiliary body slope section (11) link thickness are D, D is greater than D.

2. The quick release femoral stem prosthesis implantation and extraction tool of claim 1, wherein: the elastic body (3) comprises a curve elastic body (15) and a linear elastic body (16), the curve elastic body (15) and the linear elastic body (16) are integrally formed, a connecting circular ring (17) is arranged at one end, close to the locking mechanism (4), of the curve elastic body (15), and a connecting semi-ring (18) is arranged at one end, close to the locking mechanism (4), of the linear elastic body (16).

3. The quick release femoral stem prosthesis implantation and extraction tool of claim 1, wherein: locking mechanism (4) are including connecting block (19), spanner (20), pin (21), no. two pin (22), no. three pin (23), resistance circle (24), no. two resistance circle (25), connecting block (19) are located centre gripping body (1) middle part, spanner (20) are connected through pin (21) and connecting block (19), no. two pin (22) pass spanner (20), one side on one side is set up in pin (21) in resistance circle (24), no. two resistance circle (25) set up one side on No. two pin (22), no. three pin (23) are located connecting block (19) downside to pass connecting block (19).

4. The quick release femoral stem prosthesis implantation and extraction tool of claim 1, wherein: the connecting section (9) sequentially comprises a polygonal section (26), a fixed section (27) and a round head section (28) from bottom to top, a polygonal groove (29) is formed in one end, close to the connecting section (9), of the handle (5), a pressing block (30) transversely penetrates through the polygonal groove (29), a spring (31) is arranged on one side of the pressing block (30), a first fixing column (32) is arranged on the other side of the spring (31), a column groove (33) is formed in one side, far away from the spring (31), of the pressing block (30), and a second fixing column (34) is arranged in the column groove (33).

5. The quick release femoral stem prosthesis implantation and extraction tool of claim 4, wherein: the pressing block (30) is connected with the handle (5) through a first fixing column (32) and a second fixing column (34), one side of the pressing block (30) is exposed out of the handle (5), the connecting section (9) is inserted into the handle (5), the polygonal section (26) and the polygonal groove (29) are matched with each other, and the fixing section (27) is in contact with the pressing block (30).

6. The quick release femoral stem prosthesis implantation and extraction tool of claim 2, wherein: the positions where the linear elastic bodies (16) and the connecting half rings (18) are connected are in smooth transition.

7. The quick release femoral stem prosthesis implanting and extracting tool of claim 1, wherein: the clamping auxiliary body (2) is connected with the elastic body (3), the clamping body (1) is connected with the locking mechanism (4) through a pin (35).