CN111839820A

CN111839820A - Combined hip joint prosthesis for implantation

Info

Publication number: CN111839820A
Application number: CN202010912666.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 赵晓辉
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2020-09-03
Filing date: 2020-09-03
Publication date: 2020-10-30

Abstract

The invention discloses a combined hip joint prosthesis for implantation, which comprises a femoral stem and an acetabular cup, wherein the femoral stem comprises an upper end of the femoral stem, a middle end of the femoral stem and a lower end of the femoral stem, a connecting part connected with the acetabular cup is arranged at the end part of the upper end of the femoral stem, the connecting part is an inward-recessed lower counter bore, a through hole capable of accommodating locking structures such as a screwing screw and the like to pass right is arranged on the side wall of one side of the lower counter bore, the through hole and the lower counter bore are arranged vertically to each other, and internal threads are at least partially arranged in the through hole; the middle end of the femoral stem is a rough surface area, the upper part of the rough area is provided with a cloud-shaped personalized information mark, and the lower part of the rough area is transverse stripe-shaped uneven; the fixing column is provided with a ratchet on one side facing the opening, and the fixing column further comprises a T-shaped cushion matched with the opening for use so as to block the opening, and the opening and the through hole in the femoral stem can be aligned with each other so as to enable locking structures such as a screwing screw to be smoothly put in.

Description

Combined hip joint prosthesis for implantation

Technical Field

The invention relates to an artificial hip joint in the medical field and a quick assembling and disassembling method thereof, in particular to a simple, convenient and fast combined type personalized hip joint prosthesis.

Background

In the clinical treatment of medical trauma orthopedics and surgery, the method of hip joint replacement surgery is generally adopted to treat various late hip joint diseases such as femoral head necrosis, osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, congenital hip joint dysplasia, hip joint trauma, post-traumatic arthritis, and hip joint destruction caused by various reasons.

The main principles of hip replacement surgery are: the artificial hip joint is implanted into a body to reconstruct the anatomical structure of the hip joint of the human body and ensure that the hip joint obtains normal mechanical properties to complete certain physiological functions, thereby achieving the purposes of relieving pain and improving functions. The artificial hip joint consists of femoral stem, acetabular cup, femoral head and other parts, and its structure design and material performance are directly related to the treatment effect of hip joint replacement operation. The traditional artificial metal hip joint is generally made of titanium alloy, cobalt-chromium-molybdenum alloy and other materials, and the structure of the traditional artificial metal hip joint is generally divided into an integral type and a combined type. At present, hip joint prostheses are continuously developed, and joint materials gradually progress from macroscopic designs such as shapes of acetabulums and prosthesis handles, diameters of ball heads, conicity of femoral handles and the like to microscopic aspects such as metal surface treatment technology, material mechanics, metal technology and the like at the end of century. In terms of material types, cobalt-based alloys and titanium alloys have become one of the most commonly used materials for artificial joints due to their good wear resistance, corrosion resistance and excellent mechanical properties, and polymer materials or ceramic materials are also used in this field.

The good matching of hip joint prostheses directly influences the surgical effect of hip joint replacement, but due to individual differences of people, the existing hip joint prostheses cannot completely meet the requirements of various types of people, no prosthesis can be placed in the four seas for all the clinical purposes, and each prosthesis is designed according to different clinical requirements of the hip joint. In addition to this, the femoral cup is articulated to the acetabular ball, in conventional hip prostheses the acetabular cup is articulated to the femoral ball, in revision surgery the surgeon needs to separate the femoral cup or the femoral ball from the femoral implant of the patient undergoing revision surgery, the separation of the cup or ball from the implant sometimes needs to release the bond with the implant by means of a morse taper, usually requires the use of special surgical tools, is difficult to operate and is prone to secondary injuries. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a combined hip prosthesis that can be quickly assembled and disassembled while meeting individual needs, so that a femoral cup or a femoral ball can be removed from a femoral implant without loosening the femoral implant.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a combined hip joint prosthesis, which comprises a femoral stem and an acetabular cup, wherein the femoral stem comprises a femoral stem upper end, a femoral stem middle end and a femoral stem lower end, the end part of the femoral stem upper end is provided with a connecting part connected with the acetabular cup, the connecting part is an inward recessed lower counter bore, a through hole which can be used for accommodating locking structures such as screwing screws and the like to pass right is arranged on the side wall of one side of the lower counter bore, the through hole and the lower counter bore are arranged vertically, and at least part of the through hole is provided with internal threads; the middle end of the femoral stem is a rough surface area, the upper part of the rough area is provided with a cloud-shaped personalized information mark for marking information such as the type of the hip joint prosthesis, suitable crowds, production date, attention points and the like, and the lower part of the rough area is provided with transverse stripe-shaped unevenness which is beneficial to the climbing and growing of peripheral cells after implantation; the lower end of the femoral stem is a smooth area, and the surface of the smooth area is provided with 2-4 grooves with uniformly-transitional long strip-shaped boundaries.

The grooves extend along the axial direction of the femoral stem, the smooth area can reduce the implantation resistance when the femoral stem is implanted, and the grooves are favorable for further cell growth after implantation so as to realize good stability and reduce the rigidity and the strength of the far end of the femoral stem.

The acetabulum cup comprises a spherical cup body, wherein an acetabulum cup fixing column and an opening through which locking structures such as screwing screws and the like can pass are arranged in the cup body, a ratchet is arranged on one side of the fixing column facing the opening, a T-shaped soft cushion matched with the opening is arranged for plugging the opening, the plugging is sealed, namely the soft cushion is in interference sealing fit with the periphery of the opening, the outer end surface of the soft cushion is in smooth transition with the outer surface of the acetabulum cup after plugging, and the opening and the through hole in the femoral stem can be aligned with each other so as to smoothly place the locking structures such as screwing screws and the like.

One end of the screwing screw is provided with a screw cap with an inner hexagonal groove, the other end of the screwing screw is provided with inclined teeth matched with ratchets on the acetabulum head fixing column, and the inclined teeth are matched and locked with the ratchets on the fixing column, so that the acetabulum cup and the femoral stem are effectively fixed. In addition, a vertical hexagonal prism structure matched with an inner hexagonal hole in the nut is provided, and the screwed screw is screwed down or unscrewed by vertically screwing the hexagonal prism structure.

The screwing screw can be matched with the pressure spring for use, so that the screwing screw can be ejected out more conveniently when being taken out.

The femoral stem and the acetabular cup are made of titanium alloy, cobalt-chromium-molybdenum alloy and other materials, and can also be tantalum products with microporous structures, and the soft pad matched with the opening is a rubber soft pad or an elastic polymer soft pad.

The locking structure can also be an elastic press-fit clamping structure or a Luban lock locking structure.

The cloud-shaped personalized information mark is a cloud-shaped striking pattern formed by carving, die pressing or embedding on the femoral stem body, can be in the same color as the femoral stem body, and can also be coated with different colors for distinguishing, the marked information can effectively avoid the false body from making errors in the transportation, assembly or use processes, and medical personnel need to take the information as the reference for personalized implantation and record and file before implantation.

The opening on the acetabular cup and the through hole on the femoral stem are both provided with positioning development marks.

The length of the ratchet on the fixed column is 5-15 mm.

When the hip joint prosthesis is implanted, the femoral stem and the acetabular cup are quickly assembled, the opening on the acetabular cup is aligned with the through hole on the femoral stem through the positioning developing mark, after the proper position is adjusted, the screwing screw is positively screwed into the through hole on the femoral stem through the opening on the acetabular cup by using the hexagonal prism structure until the oblique teeth at the bottom of the screwing screw are abutted and locked with the ratchet teeth on the fixed column, then, the rubber cushion or the elastic polymer cushion is covered on the opening of the acetabular cup to block the opening, and the outer end surface of the cushion is smoothly and smoothly transited to the outer surface of the acetabular cup after blocking.

When the hip joint prosthesis needs to be renovated, the rubber cushion or the elastic polymer cushion is taken out by using surgical instruments such as tweezers and the like, the hexagonal prism structure is vertically inserted into the hole on the acetabular cup, the screwing screw is reversely screwed out of the through hole on the femoral stem, so that the oblique teeth at the bottom of the screwing screw are separated from the ratchets on the fixed column, the femoral stem and the acetabular cup can be smoothly detached, and the situation that the hip joint prosthesis is forcibly detached by using a special surgical tool is avoided.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

different structures which are beneficial to cell ingrowth are arranged at the middle end and the lower end of the femoral stem to form an internal ingrowth structure, and the internal ingrowth structure and human bone tissues are organically combined into a whole, so that real biological fixation is achieved, good stability of the femoral stem after implantation is enhanced, and postoperative thigh pain caused by rigidity of the far end of the femoral stem body can be relieved; the femoral stem is fixedly connected with the acetabular cup by screwing locking structures such as screws, and the connection mode is simple to operate and easy to assemble and disassemble; the cloud-shaped personalized information mark meets the personalized customization requirements of different patients, and is convenient for medical care personnel to implant according to a preset scheme. Greatly improves the implantation comfort level and the service life of the hip joint prosthesis, is particularly suitable for hip joint replacement with serious deformity and possibly needing revision in the later period, and achieves the design purpose.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the hip prosthesis according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of an acetabular cup in the hip joint prosthesis of the invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a locking structure (e.g., a screw) in the hip prosthesis according to the present invention.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1-3, a combined hip joint prosthesis 1 comprises a femoral stem 2 and an acetabular cup 3, wherein the femoral stem comprises a femoral stem upper end 4, a femoral stem middle end 5 and a femoral stem lower end 6, the upper end of the femoral stem upper end 4 is provided with a connecting part 7 connected with the acetabular cup 3, the connecting part 7 is an inward recessed sunken hole, a through hole 8 capable of allowing a locking structure such as a screwing screw 9 to pass right through is arranged on one side wall of the lower sunken hole, the through hole 8 and the sunken hole are arranged perpendicular to each other, and at least a partial inner thread is arranged in the through hole 8; the middle end 5 of the femoral stem is a rough surface area, the upper part of the rough area is provided with a cloud-shaped personalized information mark 10 for marking information such as the type of the hip joint prosthesis, suitable crowds, production date and attention, and the lower part of the rough area is in a horizontal stripe shape, so that the climbing and the growing of peripheral cells after the hip joint prosthesis is implanted are facilitated; the lower end 6 of the femoral stem is a smooth area, the surface of the smooth area is provided with a groove 11 with 2-4 long strip-shaped boundaries for uniform transition, the groove 11 extends along the axial direction of the femoral stem, the smooth area can reduce implantation resistance when implanted, and further cell growth after implantation is facilitated to realize good stability, so that the rigidity and the strength of the far end of the femoral stem are reduced.

The acetabular cup 2 comprises a spherical cup body 12, an acetabular cup fixing column 13 and an opening 14 through which locking structures such as screwing screws 9 can penetrate are arranged in the cup body, a ratchet is arranged on one side, facing the opening 14, of the fixing column 13, a T-shaped cushion matched with the opening 14 is further arranged to block the opening, the blocking is sealed, namely the cushion is in interference sealing fit with the periphery of the opening 14, the outer end face of the cushion is in smooth transition with the outer surface of the acetabular cup after blocking, and the opening 14 and the through hole 8 in the femoral stem 2 can be aligned with each other so that the locking structures such as screwing screws can be placed in the opening smoothly.

One end of the screwing screw 9 is provided with a screw cap with an inner hexagonal groove, the other end of the screwing screw is provided with inclined teeth matched with ratchets on the acetabulum head fixing column 13, and the inclined teeth are matched and locked with the ratchets on the fixing column 13, so that the acetabulum cup 3 and the femoral stem 2 are effectively fixed. In addition, a vertical hexagonal prism structure matched with an inner hexagonal hole in the nut is provided, and the screwing screw 9 is screwed or unscrewed by vertically screwing the hexagonal prism structure.

The screwing screw 9 can be matched with a pressure spring for use, so that the spring can be ejected more conveniently when the spring is taken out.

The femoral stem 1 and the acetabular cup 2 are made of titanium alloy, cobalt-chromium-molybdenum alloy and other materials, and can also be tantalum products with microporous structures, and the soft pad matched with the opening is a rubber soft pad or an elastic polymer soft pad.

The locking structure 9 may also be an elastic press-fit engaging structure or a roban lock locking structure.

The cloud-shaped personalized information mark 10 is a cloud-shaped striking pattern formed by carving, die pressing or embedding on the femoral stem 2 body, can be in the same color as the femoral stem body, and can also be coated with different colors for distinguishing, and the marked information can effectively avoid the false body from making errors in the transportation, assembly or use processes, so that medical personnel need to take the information as the standard for personalized implantation and record and file before implantation.

The opening 14 on the acetabular cup 3 and the through hole 8 on the femoral stem 2 are both provided with positioning and developing marks.

The length of the ratchet on the fixed column 13 is 5-15 mm.

When the hip joint prosthesis 1 is implanted, the femoral stem 2 and the acetabular cup 3 are quickly assembled, the opening 14 in the acetabular cup 3 is aligned with the through hole 8 in the femoral stem 2 through the positioning and developing marks, after the proper position is adjusted, the screwing screw 9 is positively screwed into the through hole 8 in the femoral stem 2 through the opening 14 in the acetabular cup 3 by using a hexagonal prism structure until the oblique teeth at the bottom of the screwing screw 9 are abutted and locked with the ratchet teeth on the fixing column 13, then, the rubber cushion or the elastic polymer cushion is covered on the opening 14 in the acetabular cup 3 to be blocked, and the outer end surface of the cushion is smoothly and smoothly transited to the outer surface of the acetabular cup 3 after blocking.

When the hip joint prosthesis 1 needs to be renovated, surgical instruments such as forceps and the like are used for taking out the rubber cushion or the elastic polymer cushion, the hexagonal prism structure is vertically inserted into the opening 14 on the acetabular cup 3, the screwing screw 9 is reversely screwed out of the through hole 8 on the femoral stem 2, so that the oblique teeth at the bottom of the screwing screw 9 are separated from the ratchet teeth on the fixed column 13, the femoral stem 2 and the acetabular cup 3 can be smoothly detached, and the situation that the hip joint prosthesis 1 is forcibly detached by adopting special surgical tools is avoided.

The femoral implant has the characteristics of simple structure, stable implantation, similar mechanical property to human bone, satisfaction of individual matching requirements of human bone, convenience and rapidness in assembly and disassembly and the like, and can rapidly remove the femoral cup or the femoral ball from the femoral implant under the condition of not loosening the femoral implant.

The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A combined hip joint prosthesis for implantation comprises a femoral stem and an acetabular cup, wherein the femoral stem comprises a femoral stem upper end, a femoral stem middle end and a femoral stem lower end, the end part of the femoral stem upper end is provided with a connecting part connected with the acetabular cup, the combined hip joint prosthesis is characterized in that the connecting part is an inward recessed lower counter bore, a through hole capable of allowing locking structures such as a screwing screw to pass right is arranged on the side wall of one side of the lower counter bore, the through hole and the lower counter bore are arranged vertically to each other, and internal threads are at least partially arranged in the through hole; the middle end of the femoral stem is a rough surface area, a cloud-shaped personalized information mark is arranged at the upper part of the rough area and used for marking information such as the type of the hip joint prosthesis, suitable crowds, production date and attention, and the lower part of the rough area is transverse stripe-shaped uneven; the lower end of the femoral stem is a smooth area, and the surface of the smooth area is provided with 2-4 grooves with uniformly-transitional long strip-shaped boundaries.

2. The combined hip joint prosthesis for implantation according to claim 1, wherein the plug is a sealed plug, namely, the cushion is in interference sealing fit with the periphery of the opening, and the outer end face of the cushion is smoothly and smoothly transited with the outer surface of the acetabular cup after the plug is plugged.

3. The combined hip joint prosthesis for implantation according to claims 1 and 2, wherein one end of the screwing screw is provided with a nut with an inner hexagonal groove, the other end of the screwing screw is provided with a helical tooth matched with a ratchet on an acetabulum head fixing column, the helical tooth is matched and locked with the ratchet on the fixing column, the hip joint prosthesis further comprises a vertical hexagonal prism structure matched with the inner hexagonal hole on the nut, and the screwing screw is screwed or unscrewed by vertically screwing the hexagonal prism structure.

4. The modular hip prosthesis for implantation according to claim 1, said screw-on screw being adapted to cooperate with a compression spring to facilitate ejection upon removal.

5. The combined hip joint prosthesis for implantation according to claim 1, wherein the femoral stem and the acetabular cup are made of titanium alloy, cobalt-chromium-molybdenum alloy and the like, and can also be made of tantalum with a micropore structure, and the soft cushion used with the opening is a rubber soft cushion or an elastic polymer soft cushion.

6. The modular hip prosthesis for implantation according to claim 1, said locking structure may also be an elastic press-fit snap structure or a roban lock locking structure.

7. The hip prosthesis according to claim 1, wherein the cloud-shaped personalized information mark is a cloud-shaped striking pattern engraved, molded or embedded on the femoral stem body, and the cloud-shaped striking pattern may be the same color as the femoral stem body or may be coated with a different color for distinction.