CN111837652A - Threshing device entrainment loss multi-parameter regulation and control system and method and combine harvester - Google Patents
Threshing device entrainment loss multi-parameter regulation and control system and method and combine harvester Download PDFInfo
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- CN111837652A CN111837652A CN202010529161.5A CN202010529161A CN111837652A CN 111837652 A CN111837652 A CN 111837652A CN 202010529161 A CN202010529161 A CN 202010529161A CN 111837652 A CN111837652 A CN 111837652A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01F—PROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
- A01F12/00—Parts or details of threshing apparatus
- A01F12/18—Threshing devices
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D41/00—Combines, i.e. harvesters or mowers combined with threshing devices
- A01D41/12—Details of combines
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01F—PROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
- A01F12/00—Parts or details of threshing apparatus
- A01F12/58—Control devices; Brakes; Bearings
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Abstract
The invention provides a threshing device entrainment loss multi-parameter regulation and control system and method and a combine harvester, comprising a guide plate regulating device, a threshing gap regulating device, an entrainment loss detection device, a control unit and a crushing rate detection device; the guide plate adjusting device is arranged on the threshing top cover and used for adjusting the installation angle of the guide plate; the threshing gap adjusting device is connected with the concave plate sieve and used for adjusting the gap of the concave plate; the entrainment loss detection device is used for detecting the grain quantity; the breakage rate detection device is used for detecting the breakage rate of the grains; the control unit is respectively connected with the guide plate adjusting device, the threshing gap adjusting device, the entrainment loss detecting device and the crushing rate detecting device. The invention can realize the detection of the entrainment loss of the threshed materials and automatically adjust the multiple parameters influencing the entrainment loss, including the threshing clearance and the installation angle of the guide plate, so as to realize the reduction of the entrainment loss and the improvement of the harvest benefit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and particularly relates to a threshing device entrainment loss multi-parameter regulation and control system and method and a combine harvester.
Background
The threshing device is an important component of the combine harvester, is a core working component which influences the operation quality, efficiency and adaptability of the whole machine, and the entrainment loss is an important index for measuring the operation performance of the threshing device. Chinese patent CN101611670A mainly discloses a method for real-time detection of entrainment loss of a harvester, which cannot regulate and control some parameters affecting the entrainment loss. The chinese patent CN110622684A mainly detects the entrainment loss of the combine harvester with a straw shaker structure, and cannot detect and control the entrainment loss even for the mainstream longitudinal axial flow type in the market at present. Therefore, in the prior art, the real-time automatic regulation and control can not be simultaneously carried out on multiple parameters influencing the entrainment loss so as to reduce the entrainment loss.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems, the invention provides a threshing device entrainment loss multi-parameter regulation and control system and a threshing device entrainment loss multi-parameter regulation and control method, which can realize the detection of the entrainment loss of threshed materials and automatically regulate multiple parameters influencing the entrainment loss, including threshing gaps and the installation angle of a guide plate in real time so as to reduce the entrainment loss and improve the harvest benefit.
The invention also provides a combined harvester comprising the threshing device entrainment loss multi-parameter regulation and control system.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a threshing device entrainment loss multi-parameter regulation and control system comprises a guide plate regulating device, a threshing gap regulating device, an entrainment loss detection device, a control unit and a crushing rate detection device;
the guide plate adjusting device is arranged on the threshing top cover and is used for adjusting the installation angle of the guide plate; the threshing gap adjusting device is connected with the concave plate sieve and used for adjusting the gap of the concave plate; the entrainment loss detection device is used for detecting the grain quantity; the breakage rate detection device is used for detecting the breakage rate of grains; the control unit is respectively connected with the guide plate adjusting device, the threshing gap adjusting device, the entrainment loss detecting device and the crushing rate detecting device.
In the above scheme, the guide plate adjusting device comprises an electric push rod, an adjusting swing arm, a connecting pin shaft, a guide plate and a driving connecting arm; the guide plate comprises a driving guide plate and a driven guide plate;
one end of the electric push rod is hinged with one end of the adjusting swing arm, the other end of the adjusting swing arm is connected with one end of the connecting pin shaft, the other end of the connecting pin shaft is connected with one end of the driving guide plate in the threshing top cover, the other end of the driving guide plate is connected with the driving connecting arm, one end of the driven guide plate is connected with the threshing top cover, and the other end of the driven guide plate is connected with the driving connecting arm; the electric push rod is connected with the control unit; the control unit calculates actual entrainment loss according to the kernel quantity, and adjusts the installation angle of the guide plate and the gap of the concave plate according to the actual entrainment loss and the kernel crushing rate.
In the above scheme, the concave plate sieve comprises a first upper sieve, a concave plate lower sieve and a second upper sieve;
the lower part of the first upper screen is connected with one side of the concave plate lower screen; the lower part of the second upper screen is connected with the other side of the concave plate lower screen.
Furthermore, the threshing gap adjusting device comprises a rotating shaft connecting frame, a concave plate sieve connecting plate, a rotating shaft, a worm wheel, a worm, a stepping motor, a connecting arm and a limiting stop lever;
one end of the rotating shaft connecting frame is installed on the rack, the other end of the rotating shaft connecting frame is connected with one end of the rotating shaft, a worm wheel is arranged at the other end of the rotating shaft, one end of the connecting arm is connected with the rotating shaft, and the other end of the connecting arm is connected with the concave plate lower sieve; the stepping motor is installed on the rack and connected with the control unit, a worm is installed at one end of the stepping motor, and the worm wheel and the worm are matched to drive the rotating shaft to rotate and drive the concave plate to move downwards through the connecting arm.
Furthermore, the threshing gap adjusting device also comprises a limit stop lever; one end of the limiting stop lever is connected with the first upper screen, and the other end of the limiting stop lever is arranged in a limiting hole of the concave plate lower screen and used for limiting the movement of the concave plate lower screen.
In the above scheme, the entrainment loss detection device comprises a detection plate, a vibration isolation rubber and a sensor base plate; the vibration isolation rubber is arranged between the detection plate and the sensor bottom plate, and the detection plate is connected with the control unit.
Furthermore, a space is reserved between the detection plate and the concave plate sieve, and the included angle between the detection plate and the horizontal plane is 60 degrees.
A combined harvester comprises the threshing device entrainment loss multi-parameter regulation and control system.
A control method of a multi-parameter regulation and control system according to entrainment loss of a threshing device comprises the following steps:
s1: setting an entrainment loss threshold V in the control unitrSeed breakage rate threshold CuMaximum angle of adjustment alpha of the deflectorbAnd the maximum recess plate clearance LnThe initialization parameters of (1);
s2: during threshing operation, the entrainment loss detection device monitors the grain quantity in real time, the breakage rate detection device monitors the grain breakage rate and transmits the grain breakage rate to the control unit, and the control unit calculates the actual entrainment loss according to the monitored grain quantity;
and S3, the control unit regulates and controls the installation angle of the guide plate and the gap of the concave plate according to the detected seed crushing rate and the actual entrainment loss.
In the above scheme, the control unit regulates and controls the installation angle of the guide plate and the gap of the concave plate through the following strategies:
when entrainment loss Vs actual≤VrAnd the breaking rate of the grains is less than or equal to CuIf yes, returning to S2 for detection;
when entrainment loss Vs actual≤VrAnd the breakage rate of grains C >CuIf not, the threshing gap adjusting device is controlled to drive the concave sieve to move downwards, so that the gap of the concave is enlarged to reduce the crushing rate; the control unit judges the entrainment loss V after the adjustment of the gap of the concave plates actualWhether or not the threshold value V is exceededrIf not, the step returns to S2, and if the threshold value is exceeded, whether the guide plate is a guide plate or not is judgedReaches the maximum adjustment angle alphabIf so, ending the process, otherwise, controlling the guide plate adjusting device by the control unit to increase the angle between the guide plate and the axial direction so as to reduce entrainment loss, and returning to S2;
when entrainment loss Vs actual>VrAnd the breakage rate of grains C>CuIf not, the control unit controls the threshing gap adjusting device to drive the concave plate sieve to move downwards, so that the gap of the concave plate is enlarged to reduce the crushing rate; secondly, whether the guide plate reaches the maximum adjusting angle alpha or not is judgedbIf so, ending the process, otherwise, controlling the guide plate adjusting device by the control unit to increase the angle between the guide plate and the axial direction so as to reduce entrainment loss, and returning to S2;
when entrainment loss V s actual>VrAnd the breaking rate of the grains is less than or equal to CuThen, whether the guide plate reaches the maximum adjusting angle alpha is judgedbIf so, ending the process, otherwise, controlling the guide plate adjusting device by the control unit to enable the angle between the guide plate and the axial direction to be larger so as to reduce entrainment loss, and returning to S2.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention automatically adjusts the threshing gap of the concave plate sieve and the mounting angle of the top cover guide plate which influence the entrainment loss in real time according to the crushing rate and the entrainment loss obtained by detection, realizes automatic regulation and control of multiple parameters at the same time, and can simultaneously reduce the crushing rate and the entrainment loss. The invention can adjust a plurality of operation parameters according to the detected entrainment loss condition, thereby improving the operation performance of the machine. The invention abandons the traditional method of adjusting the diameter of the threshing cylinder and further adjusting the gap of the concave plate, adopts the mode of adjusting the installation angle of the concave plate sieve and reduces the complexity of the mechanism.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a threshing device entrainment loss multi-parameter regulation system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a top view of a threshing baffle adjustment device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a threshing baffle adjusting device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a concave screen threshing gap adjusting device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an entrainment loss detection apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a left side view of the installation position coordinates of the entrainment loss detection device according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a front view of an installation position coordinate of the entrainment loss detection device according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a control model diagram of an entrainment loss detection device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-a deflector adjustment device; 2-threshing gap adjusting device; 3-entrainment loss detection means; 4-a control unit; 5-a breakage rate detection device; 1-1-electric push rod; 1-2-ball bearing; 1-3-adjusting the swing arm; 1-4-connecting pin shafts; 1-5-threshing top cover; 1-6-a drive baffle; 1-7-drive link arm; 1-8-driven baffles; 2-1-sieving on the left side; 2-2-a rotating shaft connecting frame; 2-3-concave screen connecting plate; 2-4-rotation axis; 2-5-worm gear; 2-6-worm; 2-7-step motor; 2-8-frame; 2-9-linker arm; 2-10-limit stop lever; 2-11-concave plate lower sieve; 2-12-hinge; 2-13-right side up-sifting; 3-1-detecting plate; 3-2-vibration isolation rubber; 3-3-sensor backplane; 3-4-sensor mount.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "axial," "radial," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," "outer," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are not to be considered limiting. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
Fig. 1 shows a preferred embodiment of the system for regulating and controlling entrainment loss of the threshing device, which comprises a guide plate regulating device 1, a threshing gap regulating device 2, an entrainment loss detecting device 3, a control unit 4 and a crushing rate detecting device 5.
The guide plate adjusting device 1 is arranged on the threshing top cover 1-5 and is used for adjusting the installation angle of the guide plate, namely the angle between the guide plate and the axial direction of the threshing cylinder; the threshing gap adjusting device 2 is connected with the concave plate sieve and is used for adjusting the gap of the concave plate, namely the distance between the concave plate sieve and the tooth tip of the roller; the entrainment loss detection device 3 is used for detecting the grain quantity after threshing of the threshing cylinder; the breakage rate detection device 5 is positioned at the bottom of the concave sieve, and the breakage rate detection device 5 is used for detecting the breakage rate of grains threshed by the threshing cylinder; the control unit 4 is respectively connected with the guide plate adjusting device 1, the threshing gap adjusting device 2, the entrainment loss detection device 3 and the breakage rate detection device 5, the control unit 4 calculates the actual entrainment loss according to the grain quantity, and simultaneously and automatically adjusts the installation angle of the guide plate and the gap of the concave plate according to the entrainment loss and the grain breakage rate.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, according to an optional embodiment of the present invention, the air deflector adjusting device 1 includes an electric push rod 1-1, a ball bearing 1-2, an adjusting swing arm 1-3, a connecting pin 1-4, an air deflector, and a driving connecting arm 1-7; the guide plates comprise driving guide plates 1-6 and driven guide plates 1-8. One end of the electric push rod 1-1 is hinged with one end of an adjusting swing arm 1-3 through a ball bearing 1-2, the other end of the adjusting swing arm 1-3 is connected with one end of a connecting pin shaft 1-4, the other end of the connecting pin shaft 1-4 is connected with one end of a driving guide plate 1-6 in a threshing top cover 1-5, the other end of the driving guide plate 1-6 is connected with a driving connecting arm 1-7, one end of a driven guide plate 1-8 is connected with the threshing top cover 1-5, and the other end of the driven guide plate 1-8 is connected with the driving connecting arm 1-7; the electric push rod 1-1 is connected with the control unit 4.
As shown in FIG. 4, according to an option of this embodiment, the recess screen comprises a first upper screen 2-1, a recess lower screen 2-11 and a second upper screen 2-13; the lower part of the first upper screen 2-1 is connected with one side of the concave plate lower screen 2-11; the lower part of the second upper screen 2-13 is connected with the other side of the concave plate lower screen 2-11 through a hinge 2-12.
As shown in fig. 4, according to an optional embodiment, the threshing gap adjusting device 2 comprises a rotating shaft connecting frame 2-2, a concave sieve connecting plate 2-3, a rotating shaft 2-4, a worm wheel 2-5, a worm 2-6, a stepping motor 2-7, a connecting arm 2-9 and a limit stop lever 2-10; one end of the rotating shaft connecting frame 2-2 is installed on the rack 2-8, the other end of the rotating shaft connecting frame is connected with one end of the rotating shaft 2-4, the other end of the rotating shaft 2-4 is provided with a worm wheel 2-5, one end of the connecting arm 2-9 is connected with the rotating shaft 2-4, and the other end of the connecting arm 2-9 is connected with the concave plate lower screen 2-11; one end of the connecting arm 2-9 is arranged on the rotating arm of the rotating shaft 2-4, and the other end is arranged at the top end of the concave plate lower screen 2-11. The stepping motors 2-7 are mounted on the rack 2-8 and connected with the control unit 4, one ends of the stepping motors 2-7 are provided with worms 2-6, the worm wheels 2-5 and the worms 2-6 are matched to drive the rotating shafts 2-4 to rotate, and the connecting arms 2-9 drive the concave plate lower sieve 2-11 to move so as to adjust the concave plate gap. 5. The system for multi-parameter regulation and control of entrainment loss of threshing device according to claim 4, wherein the threshing gap adjusting device 2 further comprises a limiting stop lever 2-10, one end of the limiting stop lever 2-10 is connected with the first upper screen 2-1, and the other end is installed in a limiting hole of the concave lower screen 2-11 for limiting the movement of the concave lower screen 2-11.
As shown in fig. 5, the entrainment loss detection device 3 includes a detection plate 3-1, vibration isolation rubber 3-2, a sensor base plate 3-3, and a sensor mounting bracket 3-4; the vibration isolation rubber 3-2 is arranged between the detection plate 3-1 and the sensor bottom plate 3-3, the detection plate 3-1 is connected with the control unit 4, and the detection plate 3-1 is a sensor used for detecting the grain quantity after threshing of the threshing cylinder; one end of the sensor mounting frame 3-4 is connected with the sensor bottom plate 3-3, and the other end of the sensor mounting frame is connected with the outer side rack at the rearmost side of the concave plate sieve.
The entrainment loss detection device 3 is arranged on a rack on the outer side of the rearmost part of the concave plate sieve, a distance is reserved between the entrainment loss detection device and the concave plate sieve, the included angle between the entrainment loss detection device and the horizontal plane is preferably 60 degrees, and the free falling of materials is convenient to detect.
The electric push rod 1-1 controls the installation angle of a guide plate in the threshing top cover by adjusting the swing arm 1-3, and adjusts the flow of crops in the threshing device. The stepping motor 2-7 drives the rotating shaft 2-4 to move through the worm gear and the worm, and drives the concave plate lower sieve 2-11 to rotate, so that the gap between the concave plate sieve and the threshing roller is adjusted. The smuggle loss in can real-time detection combine harvester operation process through the automatically regulated installation angle of threshing clearance and guide plate to the realization reduces smuggle loss according to the operation condition, helps further to improve the results benefit.
The formula for the control unit 4 to calculate the actual entrainment loss according to the grain quantity is as follows:
actual entrainment losses:
wherein Q is the grain quantity detected by the entrainment loss detection device, f (x)0,y0And a, b) is the proportional relation between the kernel quantity and the theoretical entrainment loss.
With reference to fig. 6 and 7, the proportional relationship between the amount of kernels detected by the entrainment loss detection device 3 and the theoretical entrainment loss is as follows:
wherein, the axial separation kernel rate of the longitudinal axial flow roller is as follows:
in the formula: x is axial displacement, lambda is the threshing coefficient of the longitudinal axial flow threshing and separating device, beta is the separating coefficient of the longitudinal axial flow threshing and separating device, and lambda and beta are parameters of a separating roller and are determined values; the longitudinal axial flow roller radially separates the seed rate;
r is the radial displacement; d is the diameter of the concave plate; x is the number of0、y0The transverse coordinates and the longitudinal coordinates of the installation position of a detection plate 3-1 of the entrainment loss detection device respectively; a and b are respectively the length and the width of the monitoring area; wherein the undetermined coefficient x is 1.32m-2. The free kernels become entrained loss at the weed discharge opening:
l is the length of the threshing cylinder.
As shown in fig. 8, a control method of the multi-parameter regulation and control system according to the entrainment loss of the threshing device comprises the following steps:
s1: a reasonable entrainment loss threshold V is set in the control unit 4 according to the crop characteristics and the relevant national standards for harvesting machinery rSeed breakage rate threshold CuMaximum angle of adjustment alpha of the deflectorbAnd the maximum recess plate clearance LnThe initialization parameters of (1);
s2: when the combine harvester works, the entrainment loss detection device 3 monitors the grain quantity Q in real time, the breakage rate detection device 5 monitors the grain breakage rate and transmits the grain breakage rate to the control unit 4, the control unit 4 obtains the grain breakage rate C, and the actual entrainment loss is calculated according to the monitored grain quantity and the proportional relation between the grain quantity and the theoretical entrainment loss;
and S3, the control unit 4 regulates and controls the installation angle of the guide plate and the gap of the concave plate according to the detected seed crushing rate and the actual entrainment loss, and then returns to S2.
The control unit 4 regulates and controls the installation angle of the guide plate and the gap of the concave plate through the following strategies:
when entrainment loss Vs actual≤VrAnd the breaking rate of the grains is less than or equal to CuIf so, returning to the step of S2 for detection, wherein each parameter is normal;
when entrainment loss Vs actual≤VrAnd the breakage rate of grains C>CuIf not, the control unit 4 controls the stepping motor 2-7 of the threshing gap adjusting device 2 to operate to drive the concave sieve to move downwards, so that the gap of the concave is enlarged to reduce the crushing rate; secondly, detecting and judging the entrainment loss V after the adjustment of the gap of the concave plate s actualWhether or not the threshold value V is exceededrIf not, the process returns to S2, and if the threshold value is exceeded, whether the guide plate reaches the maximum adjustment angle alpha is judgedbIf so, ending the process, otherwise, controlling the electric push rod 1-1 to contract by the control unit 4 to increase the angle between the guide plate and the axial direction so as to reduce entrainment loss, and returning to S2;
when entrainment loss Vs actual>VrAnd the breakage rate of grains C>CuIf not, the control unit 4 controls the stepping motors 2-7 to operate to drive the concave plate sieve to move downwards, so that the gap of the concave plate is enlarged to reduce the crushing rate; secondly, whether the guide plate reaches the maximum adjusting angle alpha or not is judgedbIf so, ending the process, otherwise, controlling the electric push rod 1-1 to contract by the control unit 4 to increase the angle between the guide plate and the axial direction so as to reduce entrainment loss, and returning to S2;
when entrainment loss Vs actual>VrAnd the seeds are brokenThe breaking rate C is less than or equal to CuThen, whether the guide plate reaches the maximum adjusting angle alpha is judgedbIf so, ending the process, otherwise, controlling the electric push rod 1-1 to contract by the control unit 4, so that the angle between the guide plate and the axial direction is increased to reduce entrainment loss, and returning to S2.
Example 2
A combine harvester including the threshing device entrainment loss multi-parameter regulation system of embodiment 1, thereby having the advantages of embodiment 1, and the details are not repeated herein.
It should be understood that although the present description has been described in terms of various embodiments, not every embodiment includes only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity purposes only, and those skilled in the art will recognize that the embodiments described herein may be combined as suitable to form other embodiments, as will be appreciated by those skilled in the art.
The above-listed detailed description is only a specific description of a possible embodiment of the present invention, and they are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and equivalent embodiments or modifications made without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A threshing device entrainment loss multi-parameter regulation and control system is characterized by comprising a guide plate adjusting device (1), a threshing gap adjusting device (2), an entrainment loss detection device (3), a control unit (4) and a crushing rate detection device (5);
the guide plate adjusting device (1) is arranged on the threshing top cover (1-5) and is used for adjusting the installation angle of the guide plate; the threshing gap adjusting device (2) is connected with the concave plate sieve and used for adjusting the gap of the concave plate; the entrainment loss detection device (3) is used for detecting the grain quantity; the breakage rate detection device (5) is used for detecting the breakage rate of grains; the control unit (4) is respectively connected with the guide plate adjusting device (1), the threshing gap adjusting device (2), the entrainment loss detecting device (3) and the crushing rate detecting device (5); the control unit (4) calculates the actual entrainment loss according to the kernel quantity, and adjusts the installation angle of the guide plate and the gap of the concave plate according to the actual entrainment loss and the kernel crushing rate.
2. The threshing device entrainment loss multiparameter regulation and control system according to claim 1, wherein the guide plate adjusting device (1) comprises an electric push rod (1-1), an adjusting swing arm (1-3), a connecting pin shaft (1-4), a guide plate and a driving connecting arm (1-7); the guide plates comprise driving guide plates (1-6) and driven guide plates (1-8);
one end of the electric push rod (1-1) is hinged with one end of the adjusting swing arm (1-3), the other end of the adjusting swing arm (1-3) is connected with one end of the connecting pin shaft (1-4), the other end of the connecting pin shaft (1-4) is connected with one end of a driving guide plate (1-6) in the threshing top cover (1-5), the other end of the driving guide plate (1-6) is connected with the driving connecting arm (1-7), one end of a driven guide plate (1-8) is connected with the threshing top cover (1-5), and the other end of the driven guide plate (1-8) is connected with the driving connecting arm (1-7); the electric push rod (1-1) is connected with the control unit (4).
3. The threshing device entrainment loss multiparameter regulation system according to claim 1, wherein the concave screens comprise a first upper screen (2-1), a concave lower screen (2-11), and a second upper screen (2-13);
the lower part of the first upper screen (2-1) is connected with one side of the concave plate lower screen (2-11); the lower part of the second upper screen (2-13) is connected with the other side of the concave plate lower screen (2-11).
4. The threshing device entrainment loss multiparameter regulation and control system according to claim 3, wherein the threshing gap regulation device (2) comprises a rotating shaft connecting frame (2-2), a concave sieve connecting plate (2-3), a rotating shaft (2-4), a worm gear (2-5), a worm (2-6), a stepping motor (2-7), a connecting arm (2-9) and a limit stop lever (2-10);
one end of the rotating shaft connecting frame (2-2) is installed on the rack (2-8), the other end of the rotating shaft connecting frame is connected with one end of the rotating shaft (2-4), a worm wheel (2-5) is arranged at the other end of the rotating shaft (2-4), one end of the connecting arm (2-9) is connected with the rotating shaft (2-4), and the other end of the connecting arm (2-9) is connected with the concave plate lower sieve (2-11); the stepping motor (2-7) is installed on the rack (2-8) and connected with the control unit (4), one end of the stepping motor (2-7) is provided with the worm (2-6), the worm wheel (2-5) and the worm (2-6) are matched to drive the rotating shaft (2-4) to rotate, and the connecting arm (2-9) drives the concave plate lower screen (2-11) to move.
5. The threshing device entrainment loss multiparameter regulation system according to claim 4, wherein the threshing gap adjustment device (2) further comprises a limit stop lever (2-10); one end of the limiting stop lever (2-10) is connected with the first upper screen (2-1), and the other end of the limiting stop lever is arranged in a limiting hole of the concave plate lower screen (2-11) and used for limiting the movement of the concave plate lower screen (2-11).
6. The threshing device entrainment loss multiparameter regulation system according to claim 1, wherein the entrainment loss detection means (3) includes a detection plate (3-1), vibration isolation rubber (3-2), and a sensor base plate (3-3); the vibration isolation rubber (3-2) is arranged between the detection plate (3-1) and the sensor bottom plate (3-3), and the detection plate (3-1) is connected with the control unit (4).
7. Threshing device entrainment loss multiparameter regulation system according to claim 6, characterized in that the detection plate (3-1) is spaced from the notch plate screen, the angle of the detection plate (3-1) to the horizontal plane being 60 °.
8. A combine harvester comprising the threshing device entrainment loss multiparameter conditioning system of any one of claims 1 to 7.
9. The method of controlling the system of any of claims 1-7, comprising the steps of:
s1: setting an entrainment loss threshold V in the control unit (4)rSeed breakage rate threshold CuMaximum angle of adjustment alpha of the deflectorbAnd the maximum recess plate clearance LnIs initializedA parameter;
s2: during threshing operation, the entrainment loss detection device (3) monitors the grain quantity in real time, the breakage rate detection device (5) monitors the grain breakage rate and transmits the grain breakage rate to the control unit (4), and the control unit (4) calculates the actual entrainment loss according to the monitored grain quantity;
And S3, the control unit (4) regulates and controls the installation angle of the guide plate and the gap of the concave plate according to the detected seed crushing rate and the actual entrainment loss.
10. A control method of a threshing apparatus entrainment loss multiparameter regulation system according to claim 9, characterized in that the control unit (4) regulates the deflector installation angle and the concave gap by the following strategies:
when entrainment loss Vs actual≤VrAnd the breaking rate of the grains is less than or equal to CuIf yes, returning to S2 for detection;
when entrainment loss Vs actual≤VrAnd the breakage rate of grains C>CuIf not, the control unit (4) controls the threshing gap adjusting device (2) to drive the concave sieve to move downwards, so that the gap of the concave is enlarged to reduce the crushing rate; the control unit (4) judges the entrainment loss V after the adjustment of the gap between the concave platess actualWhether or not the threshold value V is exceededrIf not, the process returns to S2, and if the threshold value is exceeded, whether the guide plate reaches the maximum adjustment angle alpha is judgedbIf so, ending the process, otherwise, controlling the guide plate adjusting device (1) by the control unit (4) to increase the angle between the guide plate and the axial direction to reduce entrainment loss, and returning to S2;
when entrainment loss V s actual>VrAnd the breakage rate of grains C>CuIf not, the control unit (4) controls the threshing gap adjusting device (2) to drive the concave plate sieve to move downwards, so that the gap of the concave plate is enlarged to reduce the crushing rate; secondly, whether the guide plate reaches the maximum adjusting angle alpha or not is judgedbIf so, the process is ended, otherwise, the control unit (4) controls the diversionThe plate adjusting device (1) enables the angle between the guide plate and the axial direction to be enlarged so as to reduce entrainment loss, and then returns to S2;
when entrainment loss Vs actual>VrAnd the breaking rate of the grains is less than or equal to CuThen, whether the guide plate reaches the maximum adjusting angle alpha is judgedbIf so, ending the process, otherwise, controlling the guide plate adjusting device (1) by the control unit (4) to increase the angle between the guide plate and the axial direction to reduce entrainment loss, and returning to S2.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114711016A (en) * | 2022-03-15 | 2022-07-08 | 中国农业大学 | Threshing loss-based multi-parameter combined regulation and control system and method for combined harvester |
| CN115362833A (en) * | 2022-08-24 | 2022-11-22 | 吉林大学 | Novel multi-functional cereal threshing test bench |
| CN115399140A (en) * | 2022-10-28 | 2022-11-29 | 潍柴雷沃智慧农业科技股份有限公司 | Working parameter self-adaptive adjusting method and system of combine harvester |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114711016A (en) * | 2022-03-15 | 2022-07-08 | 中国农业大学 | Threshing loss-based multi-parameter combined regulation and control system and method for combined harvester |
| CN115362833A (en) * | 2022-08-24 | 2022-11-22 | 吉林大学 | Novel multi-functional cereal threshing test bench |
| CN115399140A (en) * | 2022-10-28 | 2022-11-29 | 潍柴雷沃智慧农业科技股份有限公司 | Working parameter self-adaptive adjusting method and system of combine harvester |
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