CN111831040A - Agaricus bisporus mushroom house environment control system and control method - Google Patents
Agaricus bisporus mushroom house environment control system and control method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides an environment control system and a control method for an agaricus bisporus mushroom house, which comprises the following steps: (1) the temperature control program of the central controller calls the preset soil temperature st of the culture materialsActual temperature value st of culture medium soilcThe response speed coefficient r, the maximum value and the minimum value of the temperature suitable for the growth of the agaricus bisporus, the temperature control program comprises an inference module and a fuzzy control module, and the inference module calculates a preset environment temperature value ets(ii) a (2) Inputting the preset environmental temperature value et obtained in the step (1) into a temperature fuzzy control modulesAnd the actual environment culture material soil temperature value st detected by the environment temperature sensorc(ii) a The temperature fuzzy control module calculates a temperature control signal for controlling the temperature regulation of the air conditioner. According to the invention, the response speed of the culture material soil temperature and the response speed of the environment temperature are introduced, so that the culture material soil temperature and the environment temperature are comprehensively regulated and controlled, and the regulation and control efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an agaricus bisporus cultivation technology, in particular to an agaricus bisporus room environment control system and a control method.
Background
In the prior art, a greenhouse (comprising a greenhouse, a mushroom house and a fungus house) for cultivating crops such as edible fungi, vegetables and flowers needs to control the greenhouse environment according to the growth requirements of the cultivated crops, the related environmental factors (factors) comprise temperature, humidity, carbon dioxide concentration and the like, and the temperature and the humidity can be specifically divided into air temperature and humidity and cultivation soil temperature and humidity. For example, chinese patent publication No. CN104238602B discloses an intelligent control and management system for greenhouse environment based on information acquisition, in which multiple types of sensors for respectively acquiring various environmental information parameters are used, including an air temperature sensor, an air humidity sensor, a carbon dioxide concentration sensor, a soil moisture sensor, and a soil temperature sensor, the environmental information acquired by the sensors is transmitted to a single chip, the single chip can control various environment adjusting devices to automatically adjust the greenhouse environment, and the environment adjusting devices include: the top and the side of the greenhouse are provided with a shading curtain and/or a lighting device, indoor air circulation equipment, outdoor air circulation equipment, sprinkling irrigation equipment, heating equipment, cooling equipment and the like. When the value converted by the information collected by each sensor exceeds a normal threshold value, the single chip microcomputer controls corresponding environment adjusting equipment to perform corresponding work, and automatic adjustment of environmental parameters in the greenhouse is achieved. Also as in the prior art, fuzzy control methods are introduced with respect to temperature, humidity and carbon dioxide concentration of the greenhouse, for example, the authors are in the article "research on edible fungi factory environmental control system [ D ]. northeast agriculture university, 2015" of lili, disclosing a method for fuzzy control of temperature of edible fungi; the author is a paper of Eihai waves and the like, namely a micro plant factory intelligent control system [ J ]. agricultural machinery bulletin, 2013,44(0z2):198-204 ], and discloses a temperature and humidity fuzzy decoupling control method; the author is a thesis of Zhanpeng Fei that research and realization of an edible fungus greenhouse fuzzy system [ D ]. Shandong building university.2013 ], and discloses a control method for temperature, humidity and carbon dioxide concentration based on a fuzzy controller.
The existing greenhouse environment control system, such as the above-mentioned "greenhouse environment intelligent control management system based on information acquisition", its soil temperature, soil humidity, air temperature, air humidity are separately regulated and control, and wherein arbitrary environmental information surpasses the threshold value, and the system will respond, carries out corresponding regulation and control, and because the threshold value that needs to set up is many, not only the work load that drops into in earlier stage is big, still leads to the frequent regulation and control of system, has the problem that the environment regulation and control is inefficient.
For some edible fungi, such as agaricus bisporus, the growth process can be divided into two stages of mycelium development and sporocarp growth, the requirements of different stages on environment factors are different, the environment factors directly influence the development speed of the mycelium and the differentiation quality and quantity of the sporocarp, in order to meet the requirements, an agaricus bisporus factory production environment control system in the prior art is a nonlinear, multi-input and multi-output complex system, the continuous change of outdoor environment factors continuously influences the change rule of the mushroom house environment, and uncertainty is an unavoidable problem in practical control application, so that the control algorithm has to trim own parameters in real time according to the self condition of the mushroom house. However, the prior art is adopted for regulation and control, so that the parameter setting and adjustment of the environment factors are very complicated, and the actual production requirements are difficult to meet.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an agaricus bisporus mushroom house environment control system and a control method so as to improve the working efficiency of environment regulation and control.
The technical scheme of the environment control method for the agaricus bisporus mushroom house comprises the following steps:
(1) inputting to the central controller: presetting culture soil temperature stsAnd the actual culture medium soil temperature value st detected by the culture medium soil temperature sensorcThe response speed coefficient r, and the maximum value and the minimum value of the growth temperature suitable for the agaricus bisporus; temperature control program calling of central controllerSetting the soil temperature st of the culture materialsActual temperature value st of culture medium soilcThe response speed coefficient r, the maximum value and the minimum value of the temperature suitable for the growth of the agaricus bisporus, the temperature control program comprises an inference module and a fuzzy control module, and the inference module calculates a preset environment temperature value etsThe expression of the reasoning module is as follows:
in the formula stcThe actual temperature value of the culture medium soil is DEG C; stsPresetting the temperature value of culture soil at DEG C; est is the culture soil temperature deviation, DEG C; t is the response temperature value, DEG C; r is a response speed coefficient; et alsA preset ambient temperature value, DEG C; max is the maximum value of the growth temperature of the agaricus bisporus, and the temperature is higher than the temperature; min is the minimum value of the growth temperature suitable for the agaricus bisporus, and is DEG C;
the response speed coefficient r value is determined according to the closeness degree of the actual culture material soil temperature value and the critical value of the suitable agaricus bisporus production temperature, and the determination steps are as follows:
(a) obtaining a first critical temperature difference value and a second critical temperature difference value, wherein the first critical temperature difference value is an actual culture medium soil temperature value stcThe absolute value of the difference value of the maximum value max of the growth temperature of the agaricus bisporus and the second critical temperature difference value is the actual temperature value st of the culture medium soilcCalculating the minimum value of the first critical difference value and the second critical difference value as the minimum critical temperature difference value according to the absolute value of the difference value with the minimum value min of the growth temperature of the agaricus bisporus;
(b) b, obtaining a r value according to the minimum critical temperature difference value obtained in the step a and a preset relation between the minimum critical temperature difference value and the r value;
the relationship between the minimum critical temperature difference value and the r value is set as: when the temperature value of the actual culture material soil is closer to the critical value of the growth temperature of the suitable agaricus bisporus, namely the minimum critical temperature difference value is smaller, the r value is smaller, the response speed of the temperature control system is slower, the minimum value of r is 0, and when r is 0, est is stsThe response speed of the temperature control system is slowest; when the temperature value of the actual culture medium soil is far away from the optimum growth temperature of the agaricus bisporus, namelyThe larger the minimum critical temperature difference value is, the larger the r value is, so that the response speed of the temperature control system is higher;
(2) inputting the preset environmental temperature value et obtained in the step (1) into a temperature fuzzy control modulesAnd the actual environment culture material soil temperature value st detected by the environment temperature sensorc(ii) a The temperature fuzzy control module calculates a temperature control signal for controlling the temperature regulation of the air conditioner.
Furthermore, the temperature fuzzy control module comprises a first input quantity processing unit and a temperature fuzzy control unit, wherein the input quantity of the first input quantity processing unit comprises a preset environment temperature value etsAnd the actual environment culture material soil temperature value st detected by the environment temperature sensorcThe first input quantity processing unit is used for processing the input quantity to meet the fuzzy control requirement to obtain system deviation and system deviation change rate, the first input quantity processing unit is further input into the temperature fuzzy control unit to be subjected to fuzzification processing to obtain fuzzification information, fuzzy reasoning is carried out on the obtained fuzzification information according to fuzzy control rules to obtain temperature fuzzy control signals, the temperature fuzzy control signals are subjected to defuzzification to obtain specific temperature control signals, and the specific temperature control signals are converted into analog signals through the D/A converter to control the air conditioner to achieve temperature regulation and control.
Furthermore, the minimum value min and the maximum value max of the suitable agaricus bisporus growth temperature are set according to the current agaricus bisporus growth stage, the agaricus bisporus growth process is divided into two stages of mycelium development and sporocarp growth, the suitable agaricus bisporus growth temperature is set to be 20-27 ℃ during the mycelium development period, and the suitable agaricus bisporus growth temperature is set to be 15-22 ℃ during the sporocarp growth period; the preset soil temperature st of the culture materialsAnd setting according to the current growth stage of the agaricus bisporus and the current environmental condition.
The invention discloses a technical scheme of an agaricus bisporus mushroom house environment control system, which comprises the following steps: the mushroom cultivation system comprises a central controller, an environment temperature sensor, a cultivation material soil temperature sensor, an environment humidity sensor, a cultivation material soil humidity sensor, a carbon dioxide concentration sensor, an air conditioner for regulating and controlling the environment temperature of a mushroom house, environment humidity regulation and control execution equipment for regulating and controlling the environment humidity of the mushroom house, cultivation material soil humidity regulation and control execution equipment for regulating and controlling the cultivation material soil humidity, and a fresh air device for regulating and controlling the carbon dioxide concentration of the mushroom house; the central controller comprises a memory and a processor, and is characterized in that a temperature control program which runs on the processor is stored in the memory, the temperature control program comprises an inference module and a temperature fuzzy control module, and the processor realizes the mushroom house temperature control method when running the temperature control program, and the method comprises the following steps:
(1) inputting to the central controller: presetting culture soil temperature stsAnd the actual culture medium soil temperature value st detected by the culture medium soil temperature sensorcThe response speed coefficient r, and the maximum value and the minimum value of the growth temperature suitable for the agaricus bisporus; the temperature control program of the central controller calls the preset soil temperature st of the culture materialsActual temperature value st of culture medium soilcThe response speed coefficient r, the maximum value and the minimum value of the temperature suitable for the growth of the agaricus bisporus, the temperature control program comprises an inference module and a fuzzy control module, and the inference module calculates a preset environment temperature value etsThe expression of the reasoning module is as follows:
in the formula stcThe actual temperature value of the culture medium soil is DEG C; stsPresetting the temperature value of culture soil at DEG C; est is the culture soil temperature deviation, DEG C; t is the response temperature value, DEG C; r is a response speed coefficient; et alsA preset ambient temperature value, DEG C; max is the maximum value of the growth temperature of the agaricus bisporus, and the temperature is higher than the temperature; min is the minimum value of the growth temperature suitable for the agaricus bisporus, and is DEG C;
the response speed coefficient r value is determined according to the closeness degree of the actual culture material soil temperature value and the critical value of the suitable agaricus bisporus production temperature, and the determination steps are as follows:
(a) obtaining a first critical temperature difference value and a second critical temperature difference value, wherein the first critical temperature difference value is an actual culture medium soil temperature value stcThe absolute value of the difference value of the maximum value max of the growth temperature of the agaricus bisporus and the second critical temperature difference value is the temperature value of the actual culture medium soilstcCalculating the minimum value of the first critical difference value and the second critical difference value as the minimum critical temperature difference value according to the absolute value of the difference value with the minimum value min of the growth temperature of the agaricus bisporus;
(b) b, obtaining a r value according to the minimum critical temperature difference value obtained in the step a and a preset relation between the minimum critical temperature difference value and the r value;
the relationship between the minimum critical temperature difference value and the r value is set as: when the temperature value of the actual culture material soil is closer to the critical value of the growth temperature of the suitable agaricus bisporus, namely the minimum critical temperature difference value is smaller, the r value is smaller, the response speed of the temperature control system is slower, the minimum value of r is 0, and when r is 0, est is stsThe response speed of the temperature control system is slowest; when the actual temperature value of the culture medium soil is far away from the maximum value of the growth temperature suitable for the agaricus bisporus, namely the minimum critical temperature difference value is larger, the r value is larger, and the response speed of a temperature control system is higher;
(2) inputting the preset environmental temperature value et obtained in the step (1) into a temperature fuzzy control modulesAnd the actual environment culture material soil temperature value st detected by the environment temperature sensorc(ii) a The temperature fuzzy control module calculates a temperature control signal for controlling the temperature regulation of the air conditioner.
Furthermore, the temperature fuzzy control module comprises a first input quantity processing unit and a temperature fuzzy control unit, wherein the input quantity of the first input quantity processing unit comprises a preset environment temperature value etsAnd the actual environment culture material soil temperature value st detected by the environment temperature sensorcThe first input quantity processing unit is used for processing the input quantity to meet the fuzzy control requirement to obtain system deviation and system deviation change rate, the first input quantity processing unit is further input into the temperature fuzzy control unit to be subjected to fuzzification processing to obtain fuzzification information, fuzzy reasoning is carried out on the obtained fuzzification information according to fuzzy control rules to obtain temperature fuzzy control signals, the temperature fuzzy control signals are subjected to defuzzification to obtain specific temperature control signals, and the specific temperature control signals are converted into analog signals through the D/A converter to control the air conditioner to achieve temperature regulation and control.
Furthermore, the minimum value min and the maximum value max of the growth temperature suitable for the agaricus bisporus are determined according to the current agaricus bisporusSetting a mushroom growth stage, wherein the growth process of the agaricus bisporus is divided into two stages of mycelium development and sporocarp growth, setting the appropriate growth temperature of the agaricus bisporus to be 20-27 ℃ during the mycelium development period, and setting the appropriate growth temperature of the agaricus bisporus to be 15-22 ℃ during the sporocarp growth period; the preset soil temperature st of the culture materialsAnd setting according to the current growth stage of the agaricus bisporus and the current environmental condition.
Further, a humidity control program running on the processor is stored in the memory of the central controller; the humidity control program comprises a second input quantity processing unit, a culture soil humidity fuzzy control unit, a third input quantity processing unit, an environment humidity fuzzy control unit, a fuzzy decoupling module, a second output quantity processing unit and a third output quantity processing unit; the input variables called by the humidity control program include: presetting culture soil humidity, actual culture soil humidity detected by a culture soil humidity sensor, and presetting environment humidity and actual environment humidity detected by an environment humidity sensor; the input quantity of the second input quantity processing unit comprises preset soil humidity of the culture material, actual soil humidity of the culture material detected by the soil humidity sensor of the culture material, and culture material soil humidity deviation (eH1) and deviation change rate (ecH1) obtained by processing the input quantity; inputting the culture material soil humidity deviation (eH1) and the deviation change rate (ecH1) into a culture material soil humidity fuzzy control unit, and obtaining a primary culture material soil humidity control signal through the fuzzy control of the culture material soil humidity fuzzy control unit; the input quantity of the third input quantity processing unit comprises preset environment humidity and actual environment humidity detected by an environment humidity sensor, and the input quantity is processed by the input quantity processing module to obtain environment humidity deviation (eH2) and a deviation change rate (ecH 2); inputting the environment humidity deviation (eH2) and the deviation change rate (ecH2) into an environment humidity fuzzy control unit, and obtaining a preliminary environment humidity control signal through the fuzzy control of the environment humidity fuzzy control unit; the fuzzy decoupling module is a 2-input and 2-output fuzzy controller and comprises a fuzzification processing unit, a fuzzy reasoning unit and a defuzzification unit, wherein the input quantity of the fuzzy decoupling module comprises culture soil humidity deviation (eH1) and environment humidity deviation (eH2), fuzzification processing is carried out by the fuzzification processing unit to obtain fuzzification information (EH1 and EH2), fuzzy reasoning is carried out by the fuzzy reasoning unit, and then defuzzification processing is carried out by the defuzzification unit to obtain fuzzy decision values of culture soil humidity compensation and environment humidity compensation as the output quantities of the fuzzy decoupling module, namely culture soil humidity loop compensation quantity and environment humidity loop compensation quantity (uH1 and uH 2); the primary culture material soil humidity control signal and the culture material soil humidity loop compensation quantity (uH1) are input into a second output quantity processing unit and combined through the second output quantity processing unit to obtain a specific culture material soil humidity control signal, and the specific culture material soil humidity control signal is converted into an analog signal through a D/A converter to control culture material soil humidity regulation and control execution equipment to realize the control of the culture material soil humidity; the preliminary environment humidity control signal and the environment humidity loop compensation quantity (uH1) are input into the third output quantity processing unit, and are combined through the third output quantity processing unit to obtain a specific environment humidity control signal, and the specific environment humidity control signal is converted into an analog signal through the D/A converter to control the environment humidity regulation and control execution equipment to realize the control of the environment humidity.
Further, a carbon dioxide concentration control program running on the processor is stored in the memory of the central controller, and the carbon dioxide concentration control program comprises an input amount processing module and a carbon dioxide concentration fuzzy control module; the input quantity of the input quantity processing module comprises preset carbon dioxide concentration, the actual carbon dioxide concentration of the mushroom house is detected by a carbon dioxide concentration sensor, the input quantity is subjected to carbon dioxide concentration deviation (ec) and deviation change rate (ecc) by the input quantity processing module, and is further input to a carbon dioxide concentration fuzzy control module, and a specific carbon dioxide concentration control signal is obtained by fuzzy control; the carbon dioxide concentration control signal is converted into an analog signal through a D/A converter to control the carbon dioxide concentration regulation and control execution equipment to realize the control of the carbon dioxide concentration.
According to the agaricus bisporus mushroom house environment control system and the agaricus bisporus mushroom house environment control method, the response speed of the culture material soil temperature and the response speed of the environment temperature are introduced, and the culture material soil temperature and the environment temperature are comprehensively regulated and controlled, so that the regulation and control of the environment temperature can be quickly close to the proper growth temperature required by agaricus bisporus, and the regulation and control efficiency is improved.
Furthermore, the invention adopts the regulation strategies such as nonlinear and time-varying control and the like which are matched with the actual production requirements in the regulation of temperature, humidity and carbon dioxide concentration, and can better solve the problem of mushroom house environment control. The environment requirement required by the growth of the agaricus bisporus is met, the environment factor is regulated and controlled in the range most suitable for the growth of the strain, powerful support is provided for large-scale factory production of the agaricus bisporus, powerful guarantee is provided for obtaining high-yield and high-quality agaricus bisporus, and meanwhile, the planting benefit of the agaricus bisporus is greatly improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the system configuration of an embodiment of an environment control system for agaricus bisporus mushroom houses according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the environment control system for the agaricus bisporus mushroom house, in which part of hardware of the environment control system is installed in the mushroom house;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the construction of a temperature control system in an embodiment of the agaricus bisporus mushroom house environment control system of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a temperature control strategy in an embodiment of an Agaricus bisporus mushroom house environmental control system of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the construction of a humidity control system in an embodiment of the agaricus bisporus mushroom house environment control system of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a humidity control strategy in an embodiment of an Agaricus bisporus mushroom house environmental control system of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a carbon dioxide concentration control system in an embodiment of an agaricus bisporus mushroom house environment control system of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a carbon dioxide concentration control strategy in an embodiment of an Agaricus bisporus mushroom house environmental control system of the present invention;
in the figure: 1. an air outlet pipe; 2. a mist outlet pipe; 3. mushroom shelves; 4. a humidifier; 5. a control system assembly; 6. a return air valve; 7. a fresh air valve; 8. an atomizing spray head.
Detailed Description
The embodiment of the agaricus bisporus mushroom house environment control system of the invention, as shown in fig. 1, comprises a central controller, various sensors and various environment factor regulation and control execution devices. The sensor includes: the environment temperature sensor, the culture material soil temperature sensor, the environment humidity sensor, the culture material soil humidity sensor and the carbon dioxide concentration sensor all belong to the prior art. The regulation and control execution equipment for each environmental factor also belongs to the prior art, and comprises: an air conditioner for regulating and controlling the environmental temperature of a mushroom house, an environmental humidity regulating and controlling execution device for regulating and controlling the environmental humidity of the mushroom house, specifically a humidifier, a cultivation material soil humidity regulating and controlling execution device for regulating and controlling the soil humidity of the cultivation material, specifically an atomizing nozzle, a carbon dioxide concentration regulating and controlling execution device for regulating and controlling the carbon dioxide concentration of the mushroom house, specifically a fresh air device. The air conditioner comprises a compressor, an evaporator, a cooler and a throttling device.
As shown in fig. 2, in this embodiment, the hardware structure of the agaricus bisporus mushroom house environment control system is adapted to the structure of the mushroom house, and the fresh air device belongs to the prior art and comprises: an air outlet pipe 1 for supplying air to the room, an air return valve 6, a fresh air valve 7 and a fan. The fog outlet pipe 2 of the humidifier 4 is used for releasing water fog into a mushroom house, and the atomizing nozzle 8 is arranged on the mushroom frame 3 and can directly spray water fog to culture material soil. The central controller and the fan of the fresh air device are integrated in a host 5 of a mushroom house next door control room.
The environment control system for the agaricus bisporus mushroom house can be divided into a temperature control system, a humidity control system and a carbon dioxide concentration control system according to functions, which will be described below.
The temperature control system is shown in fig. 3, and comprises the following components: a central controller, an air conditioner, a culture soil temperature sensor and an environment temperature sensor. The central controller comprises a memory and a processor, wherein a temperature control program running on the processor is stored in the memory, the control strategy of the temperature control program is shown in figure 4, and the central controller comprises an inference module (namely an inference engine shown in figure 4) and a temperature fuzzy control module (namely a fuzzy controller shown in figure 4), and an input quantity processing unit for inputting information to the fuzzy controller, wherein the input quantity processing unit is shown as an input quantity processing unit in the figure
Connected before the inference engine. The input amount processing units mentioned later are also respectively shown in the corresponding specification drawings as
Herein, the description also refers to), the processor realizes the mushroom house temperature control method when operating the temperature control program, comprising the following steps:
(1) inputting to the central controller: presetting culture soil temperature stsAnd the actual culture medium soil temperature value st detected by the culture medium soil temperature sensorcThe response speed coefficient r, and the maximum value and the minimum value of the growth temperature suitable for the agaricus bisporus; inputting the preset soil temperature st of the culture material into the reasoning modulesAnd the actual culture medium soil temperature value st detected by the culture medium soil temperature sensorcThe response speed coefficient r, and the maximum value and the minimum value of the growth temperature suitable for the agaricus bisporus; presetting culture soil temperature stsSetting according to the current growth stage of the agaricus bisporus and the current environmental condition; the inference module calculates a preset ambient temperature value etsThe expression of the reasoning module is as follows:
in the formula stcThe actual temperature value of the culture medium soil is DEG C; stsPresetting the temperature value of culture soil at DEG C; est is the culture soil temperature deviation, DEG C; t is the response temperature value, DEG C; r is a response speed coefficient; et alsA preset ambient temperature value, DEG C; max is the maximum value of the growth temperature suitable for the agaricus bisporus (namely the temperature range required by the growth agriculture input to the reasoning module shown in figure 4), and is DEG C; min is the minimum value of the growth temperature suitable for the agaricus bisporus (namely the temperature range required by the growth agriculture input to the reasoning module shown in figure 4), and is DEG C;
the response speed coefficient r value (namely, the response speed shown in figure 4) is determined according to the closeness degree of the actual culture material soil temperature value and the critical value (the maximum value max and the minimum value min) of the suitable agaricus bisporus production temperature, and the determination steps are as follows:
(a) obtaining a first critical temperature difference value and a second critical temperature difference value, wherein the first critical temperature difference value is an actual culture medium soil temperature value stcThe absolute value of the difference value of the maximum value max of the growth temperature of the agaricus bisporus and the second critical temperature difference value is the actual temperature value st of the culture medium soilcCalculating the minimum value of the first critical difference value and the second critical difference value as the minimum critical temperature difference value according to the absolute value of the difference value with the minimum value min of the growth temperature of the agaricus bisporus;
defining the minimum critical temperature difference value as Δ, the mathematical expression of the above procedure for obtaining the minimum critical temperature difference value can be expressed as:
Δ＝lim(∣max-stc∣，∣stc-min∣)
(b) b, obtaining a r value according to the minimum critical temperature difference value obtained in the step a and a preset relation between the minimum critical temperature difference value and the r value;
the relationship between the minimum critical temperature difference value and the r value is set as: when the temperature value of the actual culture material soil is closer to the critical value of the growth temperature of the suitable agaricus bisporus, namely the minimum critical temperature difference value is smaller, the r value is smaller, the response speed of the temperature control system is slower, the minimum value of r is 0, and when r is 0, est is stsThe response speed of the temperature control system is slowest; when the actual temperature value of the culture medium soil is far away from the maximum value of the growth temperature suitable for the agaricus bisporus, namely the minimum critical temperature difference value is larger, the r value is larger, and the response speed of a temperature control system is higher; the r value ranges from 0 to 2;
in this embodiment, the corresponding relationship between the r value and the minimum critical temperature difference Δ aims to improve the temperature control efficiency, and the optimal result obtained through experiments is shown in the following table:
| a value of (℃) | 0 | 0～2 | 2～4 | 4～6 | 6 or more |
| r value | 0 | 0.5 | 1 | 1.5 | 2 |
Regarding the critical value suitable for the growth temperature of agaricus bisporus, the growth process of agaricus bisporus can be divided into two stages of mycelium development and sporocarp growth, the requirements of different growth stages on environmental factors are different, and the environmental factors directly influence the development speed of mycelium and the differentiation quality and quantity of sporocarp. The growth temperature of the agaricus bisporus is suitable to be 20-27 ℃ in the development period of the mycelium, and the growth temperature of the agaricus bisporus is suitable to be 15-22 ℃ in the growth period of the sporocarp. The development period of the mycelium is generally about 7-10 days. The temperature control system defaults to the growth period of the fruiting body after the mycelium is selected to develop for 9 days, namely the critical value of the temperature suitable for the growth of the agaricus bisporus is changed after the temperature control system starts to work for 9 days.
(2) Inputting the preset environmental temperature value et obtained in the step (1) into a temperature fuzzy control modulesAnd the actual environment culture material soil temperature value st detected by the environment temperature sensorc(ii) a The temperature fuzzy control module calculates a temperature control signal for controlling the temperature regulation of the air conditioner.
The temperature fuzzy control module belongs to the prior art and comprises a first input quantity processing unit and a temperature fuzzy control unit, wherein the input quantity of the first input quantity processing unit comprises a preset environmental temperature value etsAnd the actual environment culture material soil temperature value st detected by the environment temperature sensorcIn addition, the establishment of fuzzy control rules in fuzzy controllers in the following description belongs to the prior art, such as papers cited in the background art, which are not repeated, and the establishment of fuzzy control rules is also described herein, and the fuzzy control rules are established according to human expert experience (the establishment of the rules belongs to the prior art), so that the obtained fuzzy information is subjected to fuzzy reasoning to obtain a temperature fuzzy control signal, the temperature fuzzy control signal is subjected to defuzzification to obtain a specific temperature control signal, and the specific temperature control signal is converted into an analog signal through a D/A converter to control the air conditioner to realize the temperature control And (5) regulating and controlling the degree.
The result of the air conditioner after temperature regulation is reflected on the actual culture material soil temperature and the actual environment temperature, the result is detected by the temperature sensor to become a new output value, an analog signal is converted into a digital signal through the A/D converter, the actual culture material soil temperature value returns to the inference module to be combined with the preset culture material soil temperature value, the actual environment temperature value returns to the temperature fuzzy control module to be combined with the preset environment temperature value, a new round of temperature regulation is started, the feedback control of the environment factor is realized, and the actual culture material soil temperature reaches the expected effect.
The humidity control system is shown in fig. 5, and the components thereof include: the device comprises a central controller, a humidifier, an atomizing nozzle, a culture soil humidity sensor and a culture soil temperature sensor. The memory of the central controller has stored therein a humidity control program that runs on the processor.
The control strategy of the humidity control program is shown in fig. 6, and includes a second input amount processing unit, a cultivation material soil humidity fuzzy control unit (shown as cultivation material soil humidity fuzzy controller in fig. 6), a third input amount processing unit, an environment humidity fuzzy control unit (shown as environment humidity fuzzy controller in fig. 6), a fuzzy decoupling module (shown as fuzzy decoupler in fig. 6), a second output amount processing unit, and a third output amount processing unit.
The input variables called by the humidity control program include: the method comprises the steps of presetting culture soil humidity, actual culture soil humidity detected by a culture soil humidity sensor, and presetting environment humidity and actual environment humidity detected by an environment humidity sensor.
The input quantity of the second input quantity processing unit comprises preset soil humidity of the culture material, actual soil humidity of the culture material detected by the soil humidity sensor of the culture material, and culture material soil humidity deviation (eH1) and deviation change rate (ecH1) obtained by processing the input quantity.
The culture material soil humidity deviation (eH1) and the deviation change rate (ecH1) are input into the culture material soil humidity fuzzy control unit, and a primary culture material soil humidity control signal is obtained through the fuzzy control of the culture material soil humidity fuzzy control unit.
The input quantity of the third input quantity processing unit comprises preset environment humidity and actual environment humidity detected by an environment humidity sensor, and the input quantity is processed by the input quantity processing module to obtain environment humidity deviation (eH2) and deviation change rate (ecH 2).
The ambient humidity deviation (eH2) and the deviation change rate (ecH2) are input into an ambient humidity fuzzy control unit, and a preliminary ambient humidity control signal is obtained through the fuzzy control of the ambient humidity fuzzy control unit.
The fuzzy decoupling module is a 2-input and 2-output fuzzy controller and comprises a fuzzification processing unit, a fuzzy reasoning unit and a defuzzification unit, wherein the input quantity of the fuzzy decoupling module comprises culture soil humidity deviation (eH1) and environment humidity deviation (eH2), fuzzification processing is carried out through the fuzzification processing unit to obtain fuzzification information (EH1 and EH2), fuzzy reasoning is carried out through the fuzzy reasoning unit, and then defuzzification processing is carried out through the defuzzification unit to obtain fuzzy decision values of culture soil humidity compensation and environment humidity compensation to serve as output quantities of the fuzzy decoupling module, namely culture soil humidity loop compensation quantity and environment humidity loop compensation quantity (uH1 and uH 2).
The primary culture material soil humidity control signal and the culture material soil humidity loop compensation quantity (uH1) are input into a second output quantity processing unit and combined through the second output quantity processing unit to obtain a specific culture material soil humidity control signal, the specific culture material soil humidity control signal is converted into an analog signal through a D/A converter to control a culture material soil humidity regulation and control execution device (an atomizing sprayer) to realize control over a controlled object (culture material soil humidity), and an output value is finally obtained.
The preliminary environmental humidity control signal and the environmental humidity loop compensation quantity (uH1) are input into a third output quantity processing unit and combined through the third output quantity processing unit to obtain a specific environmental humidity control signal, the specific environmental humidity control signal is converted into an analog signal through a D/A converter to control an environmental humidity regulation and control execution device (humidifier) to realize the control of a controlled object (environmental humidity), and finally an output value is obtained, namely the regulated actual environmental humidity, the output value is detected by an environmental humidity sensor, the analog signal is converted into a digital signal through the A/D converter, and a new round of environmental humidity regulation and control is started by combining an environmental humidity preset value to realize the feedback control of environmental factors until the actual environmental humidity reaches an expected effect.
The method for controlling the temperature of the mushroom house by the processor when running the computer program comprises the following steps: the memory is stored with a computer program running on the processor, the control strategy adopted by the computer program is shown in fig. 6, and the processor realizes the mushroom house humidity control method when running the computer program.
The carbon dioxide control system is shown in fig. 7, and comprises the following components: central controller, new trend device, carbon dioxide concentration sensor. The memory of the central controller stores a carbon dioxide concentration control program that runs on the processor.
The control strategy of the carbon dioxide concentration control program is shown in fig. 8, and comprises an input amount processing module and a carbon dioxide concentration fuzzy control module (shown as a fuzzy controller in fig. 8).
The input quantity called by the carbon dioxide concentration control program comprises preset carbon dioxide concentration, the actual carbon dioxide concentration of the mushroom house is detected by a carbon dioxide concentration sensor, the input quantity is processed by an input quantity processing module to obtain carbon dioxide concentration deviation (ec) and deviation change rate (ecc), and is further input into a carbon dioxide concentration fuzzy control module, and a specific carbon dioxide concentration control signal is obtained through fuzzy control. The control signal of the specific carbon dioxide concentration is converted into an analog signal through a D/A converter to control a carbon dioxide concentration regulation and control execution device (fresh air device) to realize the control of a controlled object (carbon dioxide concentration), an output value is finally obtained, namely the regulated and controlled actual carbon dioxide concentration, the output value is detected by a carbon dioxide concentration sensor, the analog signal is converted into a digital signal through the A/D converter, a new round of carbon dioxide concentration regulation and control is started in combination with a preset carbon dioxide concentration value, and the feedback control of the environmental factor is realized until the actual carbon dioxide concentration reaches an expected effect.
The invention discloses an embodiment of an environment control method of an agaricus bisporus mushroom house, which is characterized in that a processor in a central controller executes a computer program in a memory to: the temperature control program, the humidity control program, and the carbon dioxide concentration control program are implemented separately, and the implementation processes thereof have been described in detail in the above system embodiments, and are not described in detail herein.
Claims (8)
1. An environment control method for an agaricus bisporus mushroom house is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) inputting to the central controller: presetting culture soil temperature stsAnd the actual culture medium soil temperature value st detected by the culture medium soil temperature sensorcThe response speed coefficient r, and the maximum value and the minimum value of the growth temperature suitable for the agaricus bisporus; the temperature control program of the central controller calls the preset soil temperature st of the culture materialsActual temperature value st of culture medium soilcThe response speed coefficient r, the maximum value and the minimum value of the suitable growth temperature of the agaricus bisporus, the temperature control program comprises an inference module and a fuzzy control module, and the inference module calculates the preset valueAmbient temperature value etsThe expression of the reasoning module is as follows:
in the formula stcThe actual temperature value of the culture medium soil is DEG C; stsPresetting the temperature value of culture soil at DEG C; est is the culture soil temperature deviation, DEG C; t is the response temperature value, DEG C; r is a response speed coefficient; et alsA preset ambient temperature value, DEG C; max is the maximum value of the growth temperature of the agaricus bisporus, and the temperature is higher than the temperature; min is the minimum value of the growth temperature suitable for the agaricus bisporus, and is DEG C;
the response speed coefficient r value is determined according to the closeness degree of the actual culture material soil temperature value and the critical value of the suitable agaricus bisporus production temperature, and the determination steps are as follows:
(a) obtaining a first critical temperature difference value and a second critical temperature difference value, wherein the first critical temperature difference value is an actual culture medium soil temperature value stcThe absolute value of the difference value of the maximum value max of the growth temperature of the agaricus bisporus and the second critical temperature difference value is the actual temperature value st of the culture medium soilcCalculating the minimum value of the first critical difference value and the second critical difference value as the minimum critical temperature difference value according to the absolute value of the difference value with the minimum value min of the growth temperature of the agaricus bisporus;
(b) b, obtaining a r value according to the minimum critical temperature difference value obtained in the step a and a preset relation between the minimum critical temperature difference value and the r value;
the relationship between the minimum critical temperature difference value and the r value is set as: when the temperature value of the actual culture material soil is closer to the critical value of the growth temperature of the suitable agaricus bisporus, namely the minimum critical temperature difference value is smaller, the r value is smaller, the response speed of the temperature control system is slower, the minimum value of r is 0, and when r is 0, est is stsThe response speed of the temperature control system is slowest; when the actual temperature value of the culture medium soil is far away from the maximum value of the growth temperature suitable for the agaricus bisporus, namely the minimum critical temperature difference value is larger, the r value is larger, and the response speed of a temperature control system is higher;
(2) inputting the preset environmental temperature value et obtained in the step (1) into a temperature fuzzy control modulesDetected by an ambient temperature sensorActual environment culture soil temperature value stc(ii) a The temperature fuzzy control module calculates a temperature control signal for controlling the temperature regulation of the air conditioner.
2. The agaricus bisporus mushroom house environment control method of claim 1, wherein the temperature fuzzy control module comprises a first input quantity processing unit and a temperature fuzzy control unit, and the input quantity of the first input quantity processing unit comprises a preset environment temperature value etsAnd the actual environment culture material soil temperature value st detected by the environment temperature sensorcThe first input quantity processing unit is used for processing the input quantity to meet the fuzzy control requirement to obtain system deviation and system deviation change rate, the first input quantity processing unit is further input into the temperature fuzzy control unit to be subjected to fuzzification processing to obtain fuzzification information, fuzzy reasoning is carried out on the obtained fuzzification information according to fuzzy control rules to obtain temperature fuzzy control signals, the temperature fuzzy control signals are subjected to defuzzification to obtain specific temperature control signals, and the specific temperature control signals are converted into analog signals through the D/A converter to control the air conditioner to achieve temperature regulation and control.
3. The method for controlling the environment of the agaricus bisporus mushroom house according to claim 1, wherein the minimum value min and the maximum value max of the suitable agaricus bisporus growth temperature are set according to the current agaricus bisporus growth stage, the agaricus bisporus growth process is divided into two stages of mycelium development and fruiting body growth, the suitable agaricus bisporus growth temperature is set to be 20-27 ℃ during the mycelium development, and the suitable agaricus bisporus growth temperature is set to be 15-22 ℃ during the fruiting body growth; the preset soil temperature st of the culture materialsAnd setting according to the current growth stage of the agaricus bisporus and the current environmental condition.
4. An agaricus bisporus mushroom house environment control system comprises: the mushroom cultivation system comprises a central controller, an environment temperature sensor, a cultivation material soil temperature sensor, an environment humidity sensor, a cultivation material soil humidity sensor, a carbon dioxide concentration sensor, an air conditioner for regulating and controlling the environment temperature of a mushroom house, environment humidity regulation and control execution equipment for regulating and controlling the environment humidity of the mushroom house, cultivation material soil humidity regulation and control execution equipment for regulating and controlling the cultivation material soil humidity, and a fresh air device for regulating and controlling the carbon dioxide concentration of the mushroom house; the central controller comprises a memory and a processor, and is characterized in that a temperature control program which runs on the processor is stored in the memory, the temperature control program comprises an inference module and a temperature fuzzy control module, and the processor realizes the mushroom house temperature control method when running the temperature control program, and the method comprises the following steps:
(1) inputting to the central controller: presetting culture soil temperature stsAnd the actual culture medium soil temperature value st detected by the culture medium soil temperature sensorcThe response speed coefficient r, and the maximum value and the minimum value of the growth temperature suitable for the agaricus bisporus; the temperature control program of the central controller calls the preset soil temperature st of the culture materialsActual temperature value st of culture medium soilcThe response speed coefficient r, the maximum value and the minimum value of the temperature suitable for the growth of the agaricus bisporus, the temperature control program comprises an inference module and a fuzzy control module, and the inference module calculates a preset environment temperature value etsThe expression of the reasoning module is as follows:
in the formula stcThe actual temperature value of the culture medium soil is DEG C; stsPresetting the temperature value of culture soil at DEG C; est is the culture soil temperature deviation, DEG C; t is the response temperature value, DEG C; r is a response speed coefficient; et alsA preset ambient temperature value, DEG C; max is the maximum value of the growth temperature of the agaricus bisporus, and the temperature is higher than the temperature; min is the minimum value of the growth temperature suitable for the agaricus bisporus, and is DEG C;
the response speed coefficient r value is determined according to the closeness degree of the actual culture material soil temperature value and the critical value of the suitable agaricus bisporus production temperature, and the determination steps are as follows:
(a) obtaining a first critical temperature difference value and a second critical temperature difference value, wherein the first critical temperature difference value is an actual culture medium soil temperature value stcThe absolute value of the difference value of the maximum value max of the growth temperature of the agaricus bisporus and the second critical temperature difference value is the actual culture temperatureTemperature value st of nutrient soilcCalculating the minimum value of the first critical difference value and the second critical difference value as the minimum critical temperature difference value according to the absolute value of the difference value with the minimum value min of the growth temperature of the agaricus bisporus;
(b) b, obtaining a r value according to the minimum critical temperature difference value obtained in the step a and a preset relation between the minimum critical temperature difference value and the r value;
the relationship between the minimum critical temperature difference value and the r value is set as: when the temperature value of the actual culture material soil is closer to the critical value of the growth temperature of the suitable agaricus bisporus, namely the minimum critical temperature difference value is smaller, the r value is smaller, the response speed of the temperature control system is slower, the minimum value of r is 0, and when r is 0, est is stsThe response speed of the temperature control system is slowest; when the actual temperature value of the culture medium soil is far away from the maximum value of the growth temperature suitable for the agaricus bisporus, namely the minimum critical temperature difference value is larger, the r value is larger, and the response speed of a temperature control system is higher;
(2) inputting the preset environmental temperature value et obtained in the step (1) into a temperature fuzzy control modulesAnd the actual environment culture material soil temperature value st detected by the environment temperature sensorc(ii) a The temperature fuzzy control module calculates a temperature control signal for controlling the temperature regulation of the air conditioner.
5. The agaricus bisporus mushroom house environment control system of claim 4, wherein the temperature fuzzy control module comprises a first input quantity processing unit and a temperature fuzzy control unit, and the input quantity of the first input quantity processing unit comprises a preset environment temperature value etsAnd the actual environment culture material soil temperature value st detected by the environment temperature sensorcThe first input quantity processing unit is used for processing the input quantity to meet the fuzzy control requirement to obtain system deviation and system deviation change rate, the first input quantity processing unit is further used for fuzzifying the input quantity to obtain fuzzification information, fuzzy reasoning is carried out on the obtained fuzzification information according to fuzzy control rules to obtain a temperature fuzzy control signal, the temperature fuzzy control signal is subjected to defuzzification to obtain a specific temperature control signal, the specific temperature control signal is converted into an analog signal through a D/A converter to control the air conditioner to realize temperature regulation and control。
6. The agaricus bisporus mushroom house environment control system according to claim 4, wherein the minimum value min and the maximum value max of the suitable agaricus bisporus growth temperature are set according to the current agaricus bisporus growth stage, the agaricus bisporus growth process is divided into two stages of mycelium development and fruiting body growth, the suitable agaricus bisporus growth temperature is set to be 20-27 ℃ during the mycelium development, and the suitable agaricus bisporus growth temperature is set to be 15-22 ℃ during the fruiting body growth; the preset soil temperature st of the culture materialsAnd setting according to the current growth stage of the agaricus bisporus and the current environmental condition.
7. The agaricus bisporus mushroom house environment control system of claim 4, wherein the central controller has a humidity control program stored in a memory thereof, the humidity control program being executed on a processor;
the humidity control program comprises a second input quantity processing unit, a culture soil humidity fuzzy control unit, a third input quantity processing unit, an environment humidity fuzzy control unit, a fuzzy decoupling module, a second output quantity processing unit and a third output quantity processing unit;
the input variables called by the humidity control program include: presetting culture soil humidity, actual culture soil humidity detected by a culture soil humidity sensor, and presetting environment humidity and actual environment humidity detected by an environment humidity sensor;
the input quantity of the second input quantity processing unit comprises preset soil humidity of the culture material, actual soil humidity of the culture material detected by the soil humidity sensor of the culture material, and culture material soil humidity deviation (eH1) and deviation change rate (ecH1) obtained by processing the input quantity; inputting the culture material soil humidity deviation (eH1) and the deviation change rate (ecH1) into a culture material soil humidity fuzzy control unit, and obtaining a primary culture material soil humidity control signal through the fuzzy control of the culture material soil humidity fuzzy control unit; the input quantity of the third input quantity processing unit comprises preset environment humidity and actual environment humidity detected by an environment humidity sensor, and the input quantity is processed by the input quantity processing module to obtain environment humidity deviation (eH2) and a deviation change rate (ecH 2); inputting the environment humidity deviation (eH2) and the deviation change rate (ecH2) into an environment humidity fuzzy control unit, and obtaining a preliminary environment humidity control signal through the fuzzy control of the environment humidity fuzzy control unit;
the fuzzy decoupling module is a 2-input and 2-output fuzzy controller and comprises a fuzzification processing unit, a fuzzy reasoning unit and a defuzzification unit, wherein the input quantity of the fuzzy decoupling module comprises culture soil humidity deviation (eH1) and environment humidity deviation (eH2), fuzzification processing is carried out by the fuzzification processing unit to obtain fuzzification information (EH1 and EH2), fuzzy reasoning is carried out by the fuzzy reasoning unit, and then defuzzification processing is carried out by the defuzzification unit to obtain fuzzy decision values of culture soil humidity compensation and environment humidity compensation as the output quantities of the fuzzy decoupling module, namely culture soil humidity loop compensation quantity and environment humidity loop compensation quantity (uH1 and uH 2);
the primary culture material soil humidity control signal and the culture material soil humidity loop compensation quantity (uH1) are input into a second output quantity processing unit and combined through the second output quantity processing unit to obtain a specific culture material soil humidity control signal, and the specific culture material soil humidity control signal is converted into an analog signal through a D/A converter to control culture material soil humidity regulation and control execution equipment to realize the control of the culture material soil humidity;
the preliminary environment humidity control signal and the environment humidity loop compensation quantity (uH1) are input into the third output quantity processing unit, and are combined through the third output quantity processing unit to obtain a specific environment humidity control signal, and the specific environment humidity control signal is converted into an analog signal through the D/A converter to control the environment humidity regulation and control execution equipment to realize the control of the environment humidity.
8. The agaricus bisporus mushroom house environment control system according to claim 4, wherein a carbon dioxide concentration control program running on a processor is stored in a memory of the central controller, and the carbon dioxide concentration control program comprises an input amount processing module and a carbon dioxide concentration fuzzy control module; the input quantity of the input quantity processing module comprises preset carbon dioxide concentration, the actual carbon dioxide concentration of the mushroom house is detected by a carbon dioxide concentration sensor, the input quantity is subjected to carbon dioxide concentration deviation (ec) and deviation change rate (ecc) by the input quantity processing module, and is further input to a carbon dioxide concentration fuzzy control module, and a specific carbon dioxide concentration control signal is obtained by fuzzy control; the carbon dioxide concentration control signal is converted into an analog signal through a D/A converter to control the carbon dioxide concentration regulation and control execution equipment to realize the control of the carbon dioxide concentration.
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