CN111830687A - Transmission-type optical system suitable for wide area detection of space debris - Google Patents
Transmission-type optical system suitable for wide area detection of space debris Download PDFInfo
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- CN111830687A CN111830687A CN202010704915.6A CN202010704915A CN111830687A CN 111830687 A CN111830687 A CN 111830687A CN 202010704915 A CN202010704915 A CN 202010704915A CN 111830687 A CN111830687 A CN 111830687A
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- G02B13/18—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below with lenses having one or more non-spherical faces, e.g. for reducing geometrical aberration
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Abstract
The invention discloses a transmission type optical system suitable for space debris wide area detection, which adopts a seven-piece lens structure and comprises a first negative lens, a first positive lens, a second negative lens, an aperture diaphragm, a second positive lens, a third negative lens, a fourth negative lens and an optical filter which are sequentially arranged on the same optical axis along the light propagation direction, wherein the performance index of the whole optical system is excellent by optimizing the parameters of each lens, the entrance pupil diameter can reach 130mm-140mm, the spectrum range is 450nm-850nm, and the use requirement of space debris wide area detection can be met within the 26-degree view field range.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of space optical systems, and particularly relates to a transmission type optical system suitable for wide area detection of space debris.
Background
With the continuous development of space technology, space resources gradually show important significance for the development of national strategy from the beginning of exploring how to enter space to the development trend that people may control space, which has the capability of primarily utilizing space and has the effect at present. The space debris is mainly the remnants left when carrying satellite carrying activities, the debris generated by collision accidents in the working state of a large number of satellites, or the destroyed or abandoned satellites which are old. The fragments are distributed on the orbit carried by the satellite, interfere with the satellite which works in the orbit at present, impact occurs, the fragments are repeatedly generated to form a vicious circle, and the health of the space environment is seriously influenced. These on-track objects not only occupy a large amount of space resources, but also present challenges for later space activities. The large-view-field space debris wide-area detection technology can search and discover space debris and provides an information basis for space debris avoidance and space safety.
The space debris wide-area detection system is different from a general optical system, and the optical design requirements of the space debris wide-area detection system mainly have the following aspects:
(1) the aperture of the optical system is large, the stronger the detection capability is, and the weak space debris target can be detected;
(2) the optical system has a large view field, and the larger the view field is, the stronger the timeliness of the system is;
(3) the diameter of the diffuse spot in the field of view is close to the pixels of the detector 2 x 2 or 3 x 3;
(4) the size distribution of the scattered spots of each field is uniform and constant;
(5) the system spectral range is wider, and the spectral width is more than or equal to 400 nm;
(6) the system positioning precision requirement is high, and the focal length of an optical system is generally larger than 150 mm;
the increase of the field of view, the aperture and the spectral range of the optical system directly affects the spherical aberration, the coma aberration, the distortion, the field curvature and the vertical axis chromatic aberration of the optical system, and the design difficulty of the system is greatly increased. The optical system disclosed at present has the defects of large field of view, small entrance pupil diameter and limited system detection capability. The field angle with large entrance pupil diameter is small, and the system timeliness is low. Meanwhile, the spectral range is narrow, and the requirement of wide-area detection of large-field space debris cannot be met.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems in the background art, the invention provides a transmission type optical system suitable for space debris wide-area detection, which has excellent performance indexes, the entrance pupil diameter can reach 130mm-140mm, the spectrum range is 450nm-850nm, and the use requirement of space debris wide-area detection can be met within a 26-degree view field range.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
the invention provides a transmission-type optical system suitable for wide area detection of space debris, which comprises a first negative lens, a first positive lens, a second negative lens, an aperture diaphragm, a second positive lens, a third negative lens, a fourth negative lens and an optical filter, wherein the first negative lens, the first positive lens, the second negative lens, the aperture diaphragm, the second positive lens, the third negative lens, the fourth negative lens and the optical filter are sequentially arranged on the same optical axis along the light propagation direction;
the first negative lens is made of SILICA, and can be used as a radiation protection window of a system and can also correct system aberration; the curvature radius of the front surface of the first negative lens is 149.3 mm-153.2 mm; the curvature radius of the rear surface of the first negative lens is 115.1 mm-120.3 mm; the thickness of the first negative lens is 25.3 mm-47 mm, and the light transmission calibers of the front surface and the rear surface of the first negative lens are 185mm and 162.7mm respectively;
the refractive index of the material of the first positive lens is 1.411-1.565; the curvature radius of the front surface of the first positive lens is 124.05 mm-128 mm, and the curvature radius of the rear surface of the first positive lens is 383.3 mm-395.39 mm; the thickness of the first positive lens is 30.5 mm-35 mm; the distance between the front surface of the first positive lens and the rear surface of the first negative lens is 5.55 mm-6.65 mm, and the light transmission calibers of the front surface and the rear surface of the first positive lens are 162mm and 153.4mm respectively;
the refractive index of the material of the second negative lens is 1.67-1.73; the front surface of the second negative lens is a high-order aspheric surface, the curvature radius of the front surface is-284.65 mm-295.14 mm, and the curvature radius of the rear surface of the second negative lens is 391.88 mm-397.45 mm respectively; the thickness of the second negative lens is 18 mm-20 mm; the distance between the front surface of the second negative lens and the rear surface of the first positive lens is 47.3 mm-50 mm; the light transmission calibers of the front surface and the rear surface of the second negative lens are 124mm and 117.2mm respectively;
the distance between the aperture diaphragm and the rear surface of the second negative lens is 12-14 mm;
the refractive index of the material of the second positive lens is 1.433-1.485, and the glass material of the lens is positioned outside a normal glass P-v (partial dispersion P to Abbe number v) curve and is mainly used for correcting chromatic aberration; the curvature radius of the front surface of the second positive lens is 131.48 mm-137.2 mm, the curvature radius of the rear surface of the second positive lens is-260 mm-263.5 mm, and the thickness of the second positive lens is 35 mm-40 mm; the distance between the front surface of the second positive lens and the aperture diaphragm is 3 mm-5.1 mm, and the clear aperture of the front surface and the clear aperture of the rear surface of the second positive lens are 135.8mm and 132.7mm respectively;
the refractive index of the material of the third positive lens is 1.42-1.51; the curvature radius of the front surface of the third positive lens is 110.2 mm-113.4 mm, and the curvature radius of the rear surface of the third positive lens is-213 mm-218 mm; the thickness of the third positive lens is 40 mm-47 mm; the distance between the front surface of the third positive lens and the rear surface of the second positive lens is 2.5 mm-5.3 mm, and the light transmission calibers of the front surface and the rear surface of the third positive lens are 136mm and 131.2mm respectively;
the refractive index of the material of the third negative lens is 1.73-1.81; the rear surface of the third negative lens is a high-order aspheric surface, the curvature radius of the front surface is-150 mm to-154 mm, the curvature radius of the rear surface of the third negative lens is-279 mm to-282 mm, and the thickness of the third negative lens is 23mm to 25.2 mm; the distance between the front surface of the third negative lens and the rear surface of the third positive lens is 5.9 mm-7.3 mm, and the light transmission calibers of the front surface and the rear surface of the third negative lens are 124.4mm and 124mm respectively;
the refractive index of the material of the fourth negative lens is 1.51-1.58; the curvature radius of the front surface of the fourth negative lens is-70 mm to-73 mm, the rear surface of the fourth negative lens is a plane, and the thickness of the fourth negative lens is 5.95mm to 7.5 mm; the distance between the front surface of the fourth negative lens and the rear surface of the third negative lens is 88 mm-92 mm, and the clear aperture of the front surface and the clear aperture of the rear surface of the fourth negative lens are 88.7mm and 95mm respectively;
the front surface and the back surface of the optical filter are both planes; the distance between the front surface of the optical filter and the rear surface of the fourth negative lens is 1.3-2 mm, the distance between the rear surface of the optical filter and the image surface of the detector is 3-4 mm, and the light transmission calibers of the front surface and the rear surface of the optical filter are 95.5mm and 97.2mm respectively.
Furthermore, the optical filter is made of SILICA, a 450-850 nm band-pass antireflection film is plated on the optical filter, and the thickness of the optical filter is 5.5-6.5 mm.
Further, the focal length of the first negative lens is-7.2 to-6.97 times of the focal length of the system; the focal length of the first positive lens is 1.7-1.93 times of the focal length of the system; the focal length of the second negative lens is-1.2 to-0.9 times of the focal length of the system; the focal length of the second positive lens is 0.8-1 times of the focal length of the system; the focal length of the third positive lens is 0.7-0.9 times of the focal length of the system; the focal length of the third negative lens is-2.5 to-1.9 times of the focal length of the system; the focal length of the fourth negative lens is-2.4 to-1.8 times of the focal length of the system,
further, the focal length of each lens in the optical system and the corresponding refractive index satisfy the following relation:
wherein f isiFor each lens focal length
niIs the refractive index of the respective lens.
Further, the expression of the high-order aspheric surface in the second negative lens is specifically as follows:
wherein, K is 9.6409, a is-2.8784 e-009, B is 3.2869e-012, C is-1.0545 e-016;
z is the aspheric rise under different calibers, c is the aspheric curvature, k is the aspheric calibre, and A, B, C is the coefficient of the high-order aspheric high-order term.
Further, the expression of the higher-order aspheric surface of the third negative lens is specifically as follows:
wherein, K is-22.978, A is-3.4691 e-008, B is-1.379 e-011, C is-1.7834 e-015;
z is the aspheric rise under different calibers, c is the aspheric curvature, k is the aspheric calibre, and A, B, C is the coefficient of the high-order aspheric high-order term.
The front surface of each lens is a surface facing the light propagation direction, and the surface opposite to the front surface is a rear surface.
Compared with the prior art, the optical system has the beneficial effects that:
1. the focal power of each lens in the optical system adopts the combination of negative-positive-negative and the corresponding refractive index thereof, so that the field curvature aberration of the optical system is close to zero, and the field curvature of the system is corrected.
2. The invention considers the space use environment, corrects the system chromatic aberration by adopting the optical glass outside the glass P-V curve, and avoids using the large-caliber cemented lens to correct the system chromatic aberration.
3. According to the invention, the SILICA is used as the radiation-resistant window of the first negative lens material, so that a large-caliber radiation-resistant flat window of a space transmission camera is avoided, the weight of a system is reduced while optical elements are reduced, and meanwhile, the negative lens can increase the field of view of the system.
4. The front surface of the second negative lens and the rear surface of the third negative lens adopt high-order aspheric surfaces for correcting the negative spherical aberration of the system, the 80% dispersion circle diameter in a 26-degree view field range can be controlled within a range of 15-18 mu m, and the dispersed spots in the full view field of the system are balanced.
5. The optical filter is arranged close to the image surface of the detector, so that the aperture of the whole optical system is smaller, the weight is smaller, and the weight of the whole optical system is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an optical system according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph of energy concentration and 80% energy circle diameter distribution for an optical system according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of a diffuse speckle full field display of the optical system provided by the present invention.
The reference numbers are as follows:
1-a first negative lens, 2-a first positive lens, 3-a second negative lens, 4-an aperture diaphragm, 5-a third positive lens, 6-a fourth positive lens, 7-a third negative lens, 8-a fourth negative lens, 9-an optical filter and 10-a detector image plane.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
The embodiment provides a specific structure of a transmission-type optical system suitable for wide-area detection of space debris, and as shown in fig. 1, a seven-piece lens structure is adopted, which includes a first negative lens 1, a first positive lens 2, a second negative lens 3, an aperture stop 4, a second positive lens 5, a third positive lens 6, a third negative lens 7, a fourth negative lens 8 and an optical filter 9, which are sequentially arranged on the same optical axis along a light propagation direction;
the material of the first negative lens 1 is SILICA, it can also correct the system aberration as the radiation protection window of the system at the same time, its focal length is-7.2-6.97 times of the focal length of the optical system, the radius of curvature of the front surface, rear surface of the first negative lens 1 are: 149.3 mm-153.2 mm and 115.1 mm-120.3 mm, the thickness of the first negative lens 1 is 25.3 mm-47 mm, the clear aperture of the front surface and the back surface of the first negative lens 1 are 185mm and 162.7mm respectively;
the refractive index of the material of the first positive lens 2 is 1.411 to 1.565, the focal length of the first positive lens is 1.7 to 1.93 times of the focal length of the optical system, and the curvature radiuses of the front surface and the rear surface of the first positive lens 2 are respectively as follows: 124.05 mm-128 mm and 383.3 mm-395.39 mm, the thickness of the first positive lens is 30.5 mm-35 mm; the distance between the front surface of the first positive lens 2 and the rear surface of the first negative lens is 5.55 mm-6.65 mm, and the light transmission apertures of the front surface and the rear surface of the first positive lens 2 are 162mm and 153.4mm respectively;
the refractive index of the material of the second negative lens 3 is 1.67-1.73, the focal length of the second negative lens is-1.2 to-0.9 times of the focal length of the optical system, and the curvature radiuses of the front surface and the rear surface of the second negative lens 3 are respectively as follows: -284.65mm to-295.14 mm and 391.88mm to 397.45mm, the thickness of the second negative lens 3 is 18mm to 20 mm; the distance between the front surface of the second negative lens 3 and the back surface of the first positive lens is 47.3 mm-50 mm, and the light transmission apertures of the front surface and the back surface of the second negative lens 3 are 124mm and 117.2mm respectively; the front surface of the second negative lens 3 is a high-order aspheric surface and is mainly used for correcting the negative spherical aberration of the system, and the expression is as follows:
wherein K is 9.6409, A is 2.8784e-009, B is 3.2869e-012, C is 1.0545e-016
In the above formula, z is the aspheric vector height under different calibers, c is the aspheric curvature, k is the aspheric caliber, and A, B, C is the coefficient of the high-order aspheric high-order term;
the distance between the aperture diaphragm 4 and the rear surface of the second negative lens 3 is 12 mm-14 mm;
the refractive index of the material of the second positive lens 5 is 1.433 to 1.485, the material is located outside a normal glass P-v (partial dispersion P to Abbe number v) curve and is mainly used for correcting chromatic aberration, the focal length of the material is 0.8 to 1 time of the focal length of an optical system, and the curvature radiuses of the front surface and the rear surface of the second positive lens 5 are respectively as follows: 131.48 mm-137.2 mm and-260 mm-263.5 mm, the thickness of the second positive lens 5 is 35 mm-40 mm; the distance between the front surface of the second positive lens 5 and the aperture diaphragm is 3 mm-5.1 mm, and the light transmission apertures of the front surface and the rear surface of the second positive lens 5 are 135.8mm and 132.7mm respectively;
the refractive index of the material of the third positive lens 6 is 1.42-1.51, the focal length of the third positive lens is 0.7-0.9 times of the focal length of the optical system, and the curvature radiuses of the front surface and the rear surface of the third positive lens 6 are respectively as follows: 110.2 mm-113.4 mm and-213 mm-218 mm, the thickness of the third positive lens 6 is 40 mm-47 mm; the distance between the front surface of the third positive lens 6 and the back surface of the second positive lens is 2.5 mm-5.3 mm, and the light transmission apertures of the front surface and the back surface of the third positive lens 6 are 136mm and 131.2mm respectively;
the refractive index of the material of the third negative lens 7 is 1.73-1.81, the focal length of the third negative lens is-2.5 to-1.9 times of the focal length of the optical system, and the curvature radiuses of the front surface and the rear surface of the third negative lens 7 are respectively as follows: -150mm to-154 mm and-279 mm to-282 mm, the third negative lens 7 having a thickness of 23mm to 25.2 mm; the distance between the front surface of the third negative lens 7 and the rear surface of the third positive lens 6 is 5.9 mm-7.3 mm, and the light transmission apertures of the front surface and the rear surface of the third negative lens 7 are 124.4mm and 124mm respectively; the rear surface of the third negative lens 7 is a high-order aspheric surface and is mainly used for correcting the negative spherical aberration of the system, and the expression is as follows:
wherein K is-22.978, A is-3.4691 e-008, B is-1.379 e-011, C is-1.7834 e-015
In the above formula, z is the aspheric vector height under different calibers, c is the aspheric curvature, k is the aspheric caliber, and A, B, C is the coefficient of the high-order aspheric high-order term;
the refractive index of the material of the fourth negative lens 8 is 1.51-1.58, the focal length of the fourth negative lens is-2.4 to-1.8 times of the focal length of the optical system, and the curvature radius of the front surface of the fourth negative lens 8 is as follows: 70mm to 73mm below zero, the rear surface of the fourth negative lens 8 is a plane, and the thickness of the fourth negative lens 8 is 5.95mm to 7.5 mm; the distance between the front surface of the fourth negative lens 8 and the rear surface of the third negative lens 7 is 88 mm-92 mm, and the light transmission apertures of the front surface and the rear surface of the fourth negative lens 8 are 88.7mm and 95mm respectively;
the optical filter 9 is made of SILICA, the front surface and the rear surface of the optical filter are both planes, a 450nm-850nm band-pass antireflection film is plated on the optical filter, the thickness is 5.5 mm-6.5 mm, the distance from the front surface of the optical filter to the rear surface of the fourth negative lens 8 is 1.3 mm-2 mm, the distance from the rear surface of the optical filter to the image surface 10 of the detector is 3 mm-4 mm, and the light transmission apertures of the front surface and the rear surface of the optical filter are 95.5mm and 97.2mm respectively;
the focal length of each lens of the optical system and the corresponding refractive index satisfy the following relation:
in the above formula fiAnd niAre respectively eachThe focal length and the corresponding refractive index of each lens, and the field curvature of the system is corrected if the above formula is zero;
the entrance pupil diameter of the transmission type optical system suitable for wide area detection of space debris is 130mm, and the spectral range is 450nm-850 nm. The field angle is 26 degrees, and the influence of the detector on the image quality of the system needs to be considered, and the spectral weights of the detector in design are shown in the following table:
| wavelength of light | 450 | 500 | 550 | 600 | 700 | 750 | 850 |
| Weight of | 31 | 70 | 72 | 99 | 81 | 58 | 52 |
FIG. 2 is a graph of energy concentration and 80% energy circle diameter distribution for an optical system of the present invention; (the upper half of fig. 2 is the energy concentration curve of the optical system, and the lower half is the specific numerical value of the 80% energy circle diameter of each field of view in the upper half), it can be seen from fig. 2 that the 80% energy circle diameters of the system in the full field of view are all smaller than 20 microns, and fig. 2 shows that the 80% energy circle diameters of each field of view are in the interval of 15 μm-18 μm.
Fig. 3 shows the diffuse speckle full-field display of the optical system of the present invention, from which it can be seen that the full-field diffuse speckle of the optical system has a uniform size and excellent image quality.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A transmissive optical system suitable for wide area detection of space debris, comprising: the optical filter comprises a first negative lens, a first positive lens, a second negative lens, an aperture diaphragm, a second positive lens, a third negative lens, a fourth negative lens and an optical filter which are sequentially arranged on the same optical axis along the light propagation direction;
the first negative lens is made of SILICA, and the curvature radius of the front surface of the first negative lens is 149.3-153.2 mm; the curvature radius of the rear surface of the first negative lens is 115.1 mm-120.3 mm; the thickness of the first negative lens is 25.3 mm-47 mm, and the light transmission calibers of the front surface and the rear surface of the first negative lens are 185mm and 162.7mm respectively;
the refractive index of the material of the first positive lens is 1.411-1.565; the curvature radius of the front surface of the first positive lens is 124.05 mm-128 mm, and the curvature radius of the rear surface of the first positive lens is 383.3 mm-395.39 mm; the thickness of the first positive lens is 30.5 mm-35 mm; the distance between the front surface of the first positive lens and the rear surface of the first negative lens is 5.55 mm-6.65 mm, and the light transmission calibers of the front surface and the rear surface of the first positive lens are 162mm and 153.4mm respectively;
the refractive index of the material of the second negative lens is 1.67-1.73; the front surface of the second negative lens is a high-order aspheric surface, the curvature radius of the front surface is-284.65 mm-295.14 mm, and the curvature radius of the rear surface of the second negative lens is 391.88 mm-397.45 mm respectively; the thickness of the second negative lens is 18 mm-20 mm; the distance between the front surface of the second negative lens and the rear surface of the first positive lens is 47.3 mm-50 mm; the light transmission calibers of the front surface and the rear surface of the second negative lens are 124mm and 117.2mm respectively;
the distance between the aperture diaphragm and the rear surface of the second negative lens is 12-14 mm;
the refractive index of the material of the second positive lens is 1.433-1.485, and the glass material of the lens is positioned outside a normal glass P-v curve; the curvature radius of the front surface of the second positive lens is 131.48 mm-137.2 mm, the curvature radius of the rear surface of the second positive lens is-260 mm-263.5 mm, and the thickness of the second positive lens is 35 mm-40 mm; the distance between the front surface of the second positive lens and the aperture diaphragm is 3 mm-5.1 mm, and the clear aperture of the front surface and the clear aperture of the rear surface of the second positive lens are 135.8mm and 132.7mm respectively;
the refractive index of the material of the third positive lens is 1.42-1.51; the curvature radius of the front surface of the third positive lens is 110.2 mm-113.4 mm, and the curvature radius of the rear surface of the third positive lens is-213 mm-218 mm; the thickness of the third positive lens is 40 mm-47 mm; the distance between the front surface of the third positive lens and the rear surface of the second positive lens is 2.5 mm-5.3 mm, and the light transmission calibers of the front surface and the rear surface of the third positive lens are 136mm and 131.2mm respectively;
the refractive index of the material of the third negative lens is 1.73-1.81; the rear surface of the second negative lens is a high-order aspheric surface, the curvature radius of the front surface is-150 mm to-154 mm, the curvature radius of the rear surface of the third negative lens is-279 mm to-282 mm, and the thickness of the third negative lens is 23mm to 25.2 mm; the distance between the front surface of the third negative lens and the rear surface of the third positive lens is 5.9 mm-7.3 mm, and the light transmission calibers of the front surface and the rear surface of the third negative lens are 124.4mm and 124mm respectively;
the refractive index of the material of the fourth negative lens is 1.51-1.58; the curvature radius of the front surface of the fourth negative lens is-70 mm to-73 mm, the rear surface of the fourth negative lens is a plane, and the thickness of the fourth negative lens is 5.95mm to 7.5 mm; the distance between the front surface of the fourth negative lens and the rear surface of the third negative lens is 88 mm-92 mm, and the clear aperture of the front surface and the clear aperture of the rear surface of the fourth negative lens are 88.7mm and 95mm respectively;
the front surface and the back surface of the optical filter are both planes; the distance between the front surface of the optical filter and the rear surface of the fourth negative lens is 1.3-2 mm, the distance between the rear surface of the optical filter and the image surface of the detector is 3-4 mm, and the light transmission calibers of the front surface and the rear surface of the optical filter are 95.5mm and 97.2mm respectively.
2. A transmissive optical system suitable for wide area detection of spatial debris as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the optical filter is made of SILICA, and is plated with a 450-850 nm band-pass antireflection film with the thickness of 5.5-6.5 mm.
3. A transmissive optical system suitable for wide area detection of spatial debris as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the focal length of the first negative lens is-7.2 to-6.97 times of the focal length of the system; the focal length of the first positive lens is 1.7-1.93 times of the focal length of the system; the focal length of the second negative lens is-1.2 to-0.9 times of the focal length of the system; the focal length of the second positive lens is 0.8-1 times of the focal length of the system; the focal length of the third positive lens is 0.7-0.9 times of the focal length of the system; the focal length of the third negative lens is-2.5 to-1.9 times of the focal length of the system; the focal length of the fourth negative lens is-2.4 to-1.8 times of the focal length of the system.
4. A transmissive optical system suitable for wide area detection of spatial debris as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the focal length of each lens in the optical system and the corresponding refractive index satisfy the following relation:
wherein f isiFor each lens focal length
niIs the refractive index of the respective lens.
5. A transmissive optical system suitable for wide area detection of spatial debris as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the expression of the high-order aspheric surface in the second negative lens is specifically as follows:
wherein, K is 9.6409, a is-2.8784 e-009, B is 3.2869e-012, C is-1.0545 e-016;
z is the aspheric rise under different calibers, c is the aspheric curvature, k is the aspheric calibre, and A, B, C is the coefficient of the high-order aspheric high-order term.
6. A transmissive optical system suitable for wide area detection of spatial debris as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the expression of the higher-order aspheric surface of the third negative lens is specifically as follows:
wherein, K is-22.978, A is-3.4691 e-008, B is-1.379 e-011, C is-1.7834 e-015;
z is the aspheric rise under different calibers, c is the aspheric curvature, k is the aspheric calibre, and A, B, C is the coefficient of the high-order aspheric high-order term.
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