CN111830077A - Measuring device and method for identifying melting point of high-temperature material based on image - Google Patents
Measuring device and method for identifying melting point of high-temperature material based on image Download PDFInfo
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- CN111830077A CN111830077A CN201910326234.8A CN201910326234A CN111830077A CN 111830077 A CN111830077 A CN 111830077A CN 201910326234 A CN201910326234 A CN 201910326234A CN 111830077 A CN111830077 A CN 111830077A
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- G01N25/00—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means
- G01N25/02—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means by investigating changes of state or changes of phase; by investigating sintering
- G01N25/04—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means by investigating changes of state or changes of phase; by investigating sintering of melting point; of freezing point; of softening point
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Abstract
The invention provides a measuring device and a method for identifying a melting point of a high-temperature material based on an image, and the device comprises a cabin body, a heating assembly, an image acquisition assembly, a temperature acquisition unit, a circulating water cooling assembly, a constant pressure maintaining assembly and an acquisition control unit, wherein the heating assembly is provided with a containing cavity, a sample piece to be detected is arranged in the containing cavity, the image acquisition assembly is used for acquiring an image of the sample piece to be detected, the temperature acquisition unit is used for judging the melting point temperature of the sample piece to be detected, the circulating water cooling assembly is used for keeping the temperature in the cabin body in a normal state, the constant pressure maintaining assembly is used for keeping the pressure in the cabin body in a set pressure state, and the acquisition control unit is used for controlling the heating temperature of the heating assembly, the. The technical scheme of the invention is applied to solve the technical problem of poor measurement accuracy of the melting point of the high-phase-change-point material in the prior art.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of measurement of thermophysical parameters of high-temperature materials, in particular to a measuring device and method for identifying a melting point of a high-temperature material based on an image.
Background
Melting point is one of the important physical properties of a substance, the temperature point at which it changes from a solid phase to a liquid phase. The differential thermal analysis method is a method for measuring the melting point of a substance recommended by the ICTA standardization committee, takes a standard substance as a reference, does not generate any chemical and physical changes at a certain experimental temperature, adopts a temperature difference thermocouple to compare the temperatures of a substance to be measured and the standard substance under the condition that the same amount of the substance to be measured and the standard substance change at the same temperature rate, and takes the temperature value when the temporary temperature difference is increased or decreased as the criterion for judging the phase change of the material. For the measurement of high phase change point materials in the temperature range of 1000 ℃ to 2500 ℃, the phase change point test faces the influence of physical properties of standard substances at high temperature, and conventional thermocouples such as tungsten, rhenium and the like are adopted at the high temperature of 2500 ℃, so that the measurement precision is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a measuring device and method for identifying a melting point of a high-temperature material based on an image, which can solve the technical problem of poor measuring precision of the melting point of the high-phase-change-point material in the prior art.
According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a measuring apparatus for identifying a melting point of a high temperature material based on an image, the measuring apparatus including: a cabin body; the heating assembly is arranged in the cabin body and is provided with an accommodating cavity, and the sample piece to be detected is arranged in the accommodating cavity; the image acquisition assembly is used for acquiring an image of a sample piece to be detected; the temperature acquisition unit is used for judging the melting point temperature of the sample piece to be detected according to the image acquired by the image acquisition assembly; the circulating water cooling assembly is connected with the cabin body and is used for keeping the temperature in the cabin body in a normal state; the constant pressure maintaining assembly is connected with the cabin body and is used for maintaining the pressure in the cabin body in a set pressure state; the acquisition control unit is respectively connected with the heating assembly, the image acquisition assembly, the temperature acquisition unit, the circulating water cooling assembly and the constant-pressure maintaining assembly, and the acquisition control unit is used for controlling the heating temperature of the heating assembly, the opening and closing of the circulating water cooling assembly and the opening and closing of the constant-pressure maintaining assembly.
Further, the heating assembly comprises an isothermal block, a heating body and a heat preservation layer, the isothermal block is provided with an accommodating cavity, the isothermal block is arranged in the heating body, and the heating body is arranged in the heat preservation layer.
Furthermore, the measuring device also comprises a direct current transformer and an optical opening cover, wherein the direct current transformer is respectively connected with the heating body and the acquisition control unit, and the acquisition control unit is used for controlling the heating voltage of the direct current transformer; the optical opening cover is arranged on the heating assembly and the cabin body, and the image acquisition assembly acquires images of the sample piece to be detected through the optical opening cover.
Furthermore, the measuring device further comprises a pressure sensor, a water temperature sensor and a water pressure sensor, wherein the pressure sensor is used for measuring the gas pressure in the cabin body, the water temperature sensor is used for measuring the temperature of circulating water of the circulating water cooling assembly, the water pressure sensor is used for measuring the pressure of the circulating water cooling assembly, the pressure sensor, the water temperature sensor and the water pressure sensor are all connected with the acquisition control unit, the acquisition control unit controls the constant pressure to keep the assembly to be opened and closed according to the measured value of the pressure sensor, and the acquisition control unit controls the circulation water cooling assembly to be opened and closed according to the measured values of.
Furthermore, the image acquisition assembly comprises a CCD camera, a focusing lens and an optical filter, wherein the focusing lens is used for realizing image amplification and focusing on the microscopic surface of the shot object, and the optical filter is used for filtering short-wave light rays at high temperature.
Further, the constant voltage keeps the subassembly to include high-pressure gas cylinder, relief pressure valve, vacuum pump, low pressure surge tank, stop valve and constant voltage stabilizing unit, and high-pressure gas cylinder, relief pressure valve and constant voltage stabilizing unit series connection, vacuum pump, low pressure surge tank, stop valve and constant voltage stabilizing unit series connection, series connection's high-pressure gas cylinder and relief pressure valve and series connection's vacuum pump, low pressure surge tank and stop valve parallel connection.
Furthermore, the measuring device also comprises a standby power supply which is respectively connected with the acquisition control unit, the constant-voltage maintaining assembly and the circulating water cooling assembly.
Further, the measuring device further comprises a simple substance sample with a first known melting point temperature and a simple substance sample with a second known melting point temperature, the simple substance sample with the first known melting point temperature and the simple substance sample with the second known melting point temperature are both arranged in the accommodating cavity, the melting point temperature of the sample piece to be measured is in the range from the first known melting point temperature to the second known melting point temperature, the image acquisition assembly is used for acquiring images of the sample piece to be measured, the simple substance sample with the first known melting point temperature and the simple substance sample with the second known melting point temperature, and the temperature acquisition unit is used for acquiring the temperatures of the sample piece to be measured, the simple substance sample with the first known melting point temperature and the simple substance sample with the second known melting point temperature.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a measuring method for identifying a melting point of a high temperature material based on an image, the measuring method including: placing a sample piece to be tested in an isothermal block of a heating assembly; opening the constant pressure maintaining assembly to maintain the pressure in the cabin body in a set pressure state; opening the circulating water cooling assembly to keep the temperature in the cabin body in a normal state; controlling the heating assembly to slowly heat at a certain temperature rise rate, and acquiring the image of the sample piece to be detected by the image acquisition assembly in real time; when the image collected by the image collecting assembly shows that the sample piece to be detected is weakly deformed, the weak deformation of the sample piece to be detected is recorded and analyzed and is compared with the temperature value of the photoelectric pyrometer, and the temperature value collected by the photoelectric pyrometer is the melting point of the sample piece to be detected.
According to still another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a measuring method for identifying a melting point of a high temperature material based on an image, the measuring method including: placing a sample piece to be measured, a first simple substance sample with a known melting point temperature and a second simple substance sample with a known melting point temperature in an isothermal block of a heating assembly; opening the constant pressure maintaining assembly to maintain the pressure in the cabin body in a set pressure state; opening the circulating water cooling assembly to keep the temperature in the cabin body in a normal state; the heating assembly is controlled to slowly heat at a certain temperature rise rate, and the image acquisition assembly acquires a sample piece to be detected, a simple substance sample with a first known melting point temperature and an image with a second known melting point temperature in real time; when the image acquired by the image acquisition assembly shows that a sample piece to be detected, a simple substance sample with a first known melting point temperature or a simple substance sample with a second known melting point is weakly deformed, recording a first temperature corresponding to the weak deformation of the sample piece to be detected, a second temperature corresponding to the weak deformation of the simple substance sample with the first known melting point temperature and a third temperature corresponding to the weak deformation of the simple substance sample with the second known melting point temperature by using a photoelectric pyrometer respectively, wherein the second temperature and the third temperature are used for correcting the first temperature, and the first temperature is the melting point of the sample piece to be detected.
The technical scheme of the invention is applied, a measuring device for identifying the melting point of a high-temperature material based on an image is provided, the measuring device innovatively adopts an image identification method, a sample piece to be detected is placed in a heating assembly and is slowly heated by the heating assembly, in the process, a constant pressure maintaining assembly maintains the pressure in a cabin body to be in a set pressure state, a circulating water cooling assembly maintains the temperature in the cabin body to be in a normal state, an image acquisition assembly acquires the image of the sample piece to be detected in real time, when the image acquired by the image acquisition assembly shows that the sample piece to be detected has obvious weak deformation, the weak deformation of the sample piece to be detected is recorded and analyzed and is compared with the temperature value of an optoelectronic pyrometer, and the temperature value acquired by the optoelectronic pyrometer is the melting point of the sample piece to be detected. Compared with the prior art, the measuring device provided by the invention can realize the measurement of the melting point of the sample piece to be measured under the set pressure, and has high measurement precision and small error.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived from them without inventive effort.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram illustrating a measurement apparatus for identifying a melting point of a high-temperature material based on an image according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein the figures include the following reference numerals:
10. a cabin body; 20. a heating assembly; 21. an isothermal block; 22. a heating body; 23. a heat-insulating layer; 30. an image acquisition component; 31. a CCD camera; 32. a focus lens; 33. an optical filter; 40. a temperature acquisition unit; 50. a circulating water cooling assembly; 60. a constant voltage maintaining assembly; 61. a high pressure gas cylinder; 62. a pressure reducing valve; 63. a vacuum pump; 64. a low-pressure surge tank; 65. a stop valve; 66. a constant voltage stabilizing unit; 70. an acquisition control unit; 80. a DC transformer; 90. an optical flap; 100. a pressure sensor; 110. a water temperature sensor; 120. a water pressure sensor; 130. a standby power supply; 140. a temperature control unit; 200. and (5) a sample piece to be tested.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
The relative arrangement of the components and steps, the numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention unless specifically stated otherwise. Meanwhile, it should be understood that the sizes of the respective portions shown in the drawings are not drawn in an actual proportional relationship for the convenience of description. Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any particular value should be construed as merely illustrative, and not limiting. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, further discussion thereof is not required in subsequent figures.
As shown in fig. 1, a measuring apparatus for identifying a melting point of a high temperature material based on an image according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a chamber 10, a heating assembly 20, an image collecting assembly 30, a temperature collecting unit 40, a circulating water cooling assembly 50, a constant pressure maintaining assembly 60, and a collecting control unit 70, wherein the heating assembly 20 is disposed in the chamber 10, the heating assembly 20 has a cavity, a sample 200 to be measured is disposed in the cavity, the image collecting assembly 30 is used for collecting an image of the sample, the temperature collecting unit 40 is used for determining a melting point temperature of the sample according to the image collected by the image collecting assembly 30, the circulating water cooling assembly 50 is connected to the chamber 10, the circulating water cooling assembly 50 is used for maintaining a temperature in the chamber 10 in a normal state, the constant pressure maintaining assembly 60 is connected to the chamber 10, the constant pressure maintaining assembly 60 is used for maintaining a pressure in the chamber 10 in a set pressure state, the acquisition control unit 70 is respectively connected with the heating assembly 20, the image acquisition assembly 30, the temperature acquisition unit 40, the circulating water cooling assembly 50 and the constant pressure maintaining assembly 60, and the acquisition control unit 70 is used for controlling the heating temperature of the heating assembly 20, the opening and closing of the circulating water cooling assembly 50 and the opening and closing of the constant pressure maintaining assembly 60.
The measuring device adopts an image recognition method innovatively, a sample piece to be detected is placed in the heating assembly and is slowly heated through the heating assembly, in the process, the constant pressure maintaining assembly maintains the pressure in the cabin body to be in a set pressure state, the circulating water cooling assembly maintains the temperature in the cabin body to be in a normal state, the image acquisition assembly acquires the image of the sample piece to be detected in real time, when the image acquired by the image acquisition assembly shows that the sample piece to be detected has obvious weak deformation, the weak deformation of the sample piece to be detected is recorded and analyzed and is compared with the temperature value of the photoelectric pyrometer, and the temperature value acquired by the photoelectric pyrometer is the melting point of the sample piece to be detected. Compared with the prior art, the measuring device provided by the invention can realize the measurement of the melting point of the sample piece to be measured under the set pressure, and has high measurement precision and small error.
Further, as another embodiment of the present invention, in order to further improve the accuracy of the melting point measurement of the sample to be measured, the measuring apparatus may be configured to further include a single substance sample with a first known melting point temperature and a single substance sample with a second known melting point temperature, the single substance sample with the first known melting point temperature and the single substance sample with the second known melting point temperature are both disposed in the accommodating cavity, the melting point temperature of the sample to be measured is in a range from the first known melting point temperature to the second known melting point temperature, the image collecting assembly 30 is configured to collect images of the sample to be measured 200, the single substance sample with the first known melting point temperature and the single substance sample with the second known melting point temperature, and the temperature collecting unit 40 is configured to collect the temperatures of the sample to be measured, the single substance sample with the first known melting point temperature and the single substance sample with the second known melting point temperature. As another embodiment of the present invention, the melting point temperature of the sample to be measured may be in the vicinity of the first known melting point temperature or in the vicinity of the second known melting point temperature.
By applying the configuration mode, the device selects the elementary substance sample with the first known melting point temperature and the elementary substance sample with the second known melting point temperature, the melting point temperature of the sample piece to be detected is in the range from the first known melting point temperature to the second known melting point temperature, the three samples are placed into the heating assembly, solid-liquid phase change deformation can be sequentially generated in the process of slowly increasing the temperature, and the phase change deformation temperature generated by the two samples with the known melting point temperatures can be used for correcting the temperature value of the temperature acquisition unit. When the image acquisition assembly acquires that the measured sample piece has solid-liquid phase change deformation, the temperature value of the sample piece to be measured recorded by the temperature acquisition unit can be used as the solid-liquid phase change temperature of the material, and the device has high melting point measurement precision and small error. In addition, the device provided by the invention can realize the measurement of the melting point of the sample piece to be measured under the set pressure by arranging the constant-pressure maintaining assembly, thereby further improving the measurement accuracy.
Specifically, in the invention, aiming at the technical problem of measuring the temperature of high-phase-change point (solid-liquid) materials such as high-temperature alloy and the like under the composite environment of 1KPa to 2MPa, 1000 ℃ to 2500 ℃ high temperature in vacuum, high pressure and high temperature and the like, the device creatively adopts an image recognition method and can be used for measuring the temperature of the phase-change point of the materials of 1000 ℃ to 2500 ℃. As one embodiment of the present invention, a photoelectric pyrometer may be used as the temperature acquisition unit. The invention discloses a phase change point temperature measuring method based on image recognition, which has the main principles that: the sample piece to be tested has a specific shape, and is placed in the heating assembly to be slowly heated at a certain temperature rise rate under the inert gas environment with certain pressure, and when the temperature of the sample piece to be tested is at a solid-liquid phase change temperature point, the sample piece does not have chemical change and physical reaction; when the temperature of the sample piece to be detected is higher than the solid-liquid phase change temperature point along with the rise of the temperature of the sample piece to be detected, after the sample piece material to be detected absorbs certain heat, the shape of the sample piece material to be detected can generate obvious weak deformation under the action of self gravity, the weak deformation is recorded and analyzed through the image acquisition assembly, and the recorded and analyzed weak deformation is compared with the temperature value of the photoelectric pyrometer, so that the solid-liquid phase change temperature point of the material can be obtained. As another embodiment of the present invention, in order to improve the accuracy of measuring the melting point of the sample to be measured, two samples with known melting point temperatures may be used as a calibration basis, a relationship between the temperature field and the known phase transition temperature is established, and the known temperature field is used to correct the phase transition temperature of the sample to be measured.
Further, in the present invention, in order to obtain the melting point of the material of the sample to be measured, the heating assembly is required to provide an environment with gradually increased temperature. In the present invention, the heating assembly 20 includes an isothermal block 21, a heating body 22 and a heat insulating layer 23, the isothermal block 21 has a receiving cavity, the isothermal block 21 is disposed in the heating body 22, and the heating body 22 is disposed in the heat insulating layer 23.
As a specific embodiment of the present invention, the isothermal block 21 and the heating body 22 are made of graphite, and since the heating body is an electrical conductor, in order to prevent electrical conduction between the isothermal block and the heating body, the isothermal block 21 and the heating body 22 need to be arranged at an interval, and the insulating layer 23 includes an aerogel heat-insulating ceramic layer. The heating body 22 heats the isothermal block 21 in a radiation heat exchange manner, so that the heating rate can be better controlled, and the isothermal block 21 has better temperature field uniformity. In the present embodiment, the isothermal block 21 and the heating body 22 can be kept electrically insulated from each other by providing the boron nitride ceramic pillars.
Further, in the present invention, in order to realize the control of the temperature parameter of the isothermal block, the measuring device may be configured to further include a dc transformer 80, the dc transformer 80 is respectively connected to the heating body 22 and the acquisition control unit 70, and the acquisition control unit 70 is configured to control the heating voltage of the dc transformer 80. In addition, in the present invention, in order to improve the flexibility of control, the measurement apparatus may be configured to further include a temperature control unit 140, the temperature control unit 140 is respectively connected to the dc transformer 80 and the acquisition control unit 70, and when the picture of the sample to be detected needs to be acquired, the acquisition control unit 70 may set the temperature control unit 140 to control the heating voltage of the dc transformer, so as to control the temperature parameter of the isothermal block. When the picture of the sample piece to be measured does not need to be collected, the heating voltage of the direct current transformer can be directly controlled through the temperature control unit, and the flexibility of the measuring device is improved by the mode.
In addition, in the present invention, in order to acquire an image of the sample to be measured, the measuring apparatus may be configured to further include an optical cover 90, the optical cover 90 is disposed on the heating assembly 20 and the cabin 10, and the image acquisition assembly 30 may acquire images of the sample to be measured 200, the simple substance sample with the first known melting point temperature, and the simple substance sample with the second known melting point temperature through the optical cover 90. As an embodiment of the present invention, the optical port cover 90 is mainly made of quartz glass material, and the sample 200 to be measured can be placed in the isothermal block of the heating assembly 20 through the optical port cover 90.
Further, in the present invention, in order to realize the measurement of the melting point of the sample piece to be measured under the set pressure, the measuring device may be configured to further include a pressure sensor 100, a water temperature sensor 110 and a water pressure sensor 120, the pressure sensor 100 is configured to measure the gas pressure in the cabin 10, the water temperature sensor 110 is configured to measure the temperature of the circulating water cooling assembly 50, the water pressure sensor 120 is configured to measure the pressure of the circulating water cooling assembly 50, the pressure sensor 100, the water temperature sensor 110 and the water pressure sensor 120 are all connected to the acquisition control unit 70, the acquisition control unit 70 controls the opening and closing of the constant pressure maintaining assembly 60 according to the measurement value of the pressure sensor 100, and the acquisition control unit 70 controls the opening and closing of the circulating water cooling assembly.
By applying the configuration mode, when the pressure sensor detects that the gas pressure in the cabin body exceeds the set pressure range, the acquisition control unit controls the constant pressure maintaining assembly to act, and the pressure in the cabin is recovered to the set pressure range through the constant pressure maintaining assembly. When the circulating water temperature and the water pressure detected by the water temperature sensor and the water pressure sensor are not in the set range, the acquisition control unit controls the circulating water cooling assembly to act, and the circulating water temperature and the water pressure are in the set range through the circulating water cooling assembly.
Further, in the present invention, in order to improve the definition of the image of the object captured at high temperature, the image capturing assembly 30 may be configured to include a CCD camera 31, a focusing lens 32 and an optical filter 33, wherein the focusing lens 32 is used for realizing image amplification and focusing on the microscopic surface of the object to be captured, and the optical filter 33 is used for filtering short-wave light at high temperature.
As an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, a focusing lens 32 is installed at the front end of a CCD camera 31, an optical filter is installed at the front end of the focusing lens 32, and the CCD camera 31, the focusing lens 32 and the optical filter 33 are used for collecting image information when the material undergoes phase change deformation. The focusing lens 32 can achieve image magnification and focusing functions on the microscopic surface of the material. The optical filter 33 mainly adopts a visible light filter, and is used for filtering short-wave light rays at high temperature to ensure that the CCD camera can acquire normal material appearance forms.
Further, since the melting points of the sample to be measured under different pressures are different, in order to increase the melting point of the sample to be measured under the set pressure, the pressure of the environment where the sample to be measured is located needs to be kept constant during the measurement process. Specifically, the constant pressure maintaining assembly 60 includes a high pressure gas cylinder 61, a pressure reducing valve 62, a vacuum pump 63, a low pressure surge tank 64, a shutoff valve 65, and a constant pressure stabilizing unit 66, the high pressure gas cylinder 61, the pressure reducing valve 62, and the constant pressure stabilizing unit 66 are connected in series, the vacuum pump 63, the low pressure surge tank 64, the shutoff valve 65, and the constant pressure stabilizing unit 66 are connected in series, and the high pressure gas cylinder 61 and the pressure reducing valve 62 connected in series are connected in parallel with the vacuum pump 63, the low pressure surge tank 64, and the shutoff valve 65 connected.
As an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, a pressure sensor 100 detects the pressure value in the cabin and is used for feedback control of the constant pressure stabilizing device 66. The vacuum pump 63 and the low-pressure surge tank 64 form a low-pressure loop, and can provide a stable negative pressure to the constant-pressure stabilizing device 66. The vacuum pump 63 is automatically turned on according to the highest pressure value of the low pressure surge tank 64 to maintain the pressure value of the low pressure surge tank in a set state. Meanwhile, a stop valve 65 is connected in the low-pressure loop to prevent air medium from entering the high-temperature cabin 10 through the loop of the vacuum pump 63 when the vacuum pump 63 stops working. The high-pressure gas cylinder 61 and the pressure reducing valve 62 form a high-pressure gas loop, and the high-pressure gas cylinder 61 is filled with protective gas and can provide stable high-pressure for the constant-pressure stabilizing device 66. The pressure reducing valve 62 is used for adjusting the highest pressure of the high-pressure gas path, and is beneficial to reducing the pressure fluctuation of the high-pressure gas path to the cabin when the high-pressure gas path is opened.
When the pressure sensor 100 detects that the pressure value in the cabin exceeds a set value, the constant-pressure stabilizing device 66 adjusts the opening of the electromagnetic valve of the low-pressure air loop to reduce the pressure in the cabin; when the pressure sensor 100 detects that the pressure value in the cabin is lower than the set value, the constant-pressure stabilizing device 66 adjusts the opening of the solenoid valve of the high-pressure air loop to increase the pressure in the cabin.
Further, in the present invention, in order to ensure the normal operation of the measuring apparatus and prevent the damage of the cabin due to high temperature, the water cooling circulation assembly 50 may be configured to include water cooling machines, and the water cooling machines are respectively connected to the cabin 10 and the collection control unit 70. As an embodiment of the present invention, the enclosure 10 is designed to have a double structure, and the middle of the enclosure 10 may be protected by water cooling. The water temperature sensor 110 is used for detecting the temperature of the water cooling passage in the double-deck cabin 10, and the acquisition control unit 70 controls the start and stop of the circulating water cooling assembly 50 according to a set value. The water pressure sensor 120 is used to monitor the circulating water pressure. When the water temperature and the water pressure exceed the early warning values, the control device gives an alarm.
In addition, in the present invention, in order to ensure that the apparatus ensures that the cabin is within the safe temperature and pressure range when the apparatus is powered off, the measurement apparatus may be configured to further include a backup power supply 130, and the backup power supply 130 is connected to the acquisition control unit 70, the constant voltage maintaining assembly 60, and the circulating water cooling assembly 50, respectively. As an embodiment of the present invention, when a power failure occurs, the UPS24 backup power supply supplies power to the collection control unit 70, the constant voltage maintaining unit 60, and the water cooling circulation unit 50, and the collection control unit 70 stops the heating unit 20, and simultaneously keeps the constant voltage maintaining unit 60 and the water cooling circulation unit 50 working normally to maintain the high-temperature cabin in a safe temperature and pressure range.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a measuring method for identifying a melting point of a high temperature material based on an image, the measuring method including: placing a sample to be tested in an isothermal block 21 of a heating assembly 20; opening the constant pressure maintaining assembly 60 to maintain the pressure inside the cabin 10 at the set pressure state; opening the circulating water cooling assembly 50 to maintain the temperature inside the cabin 10 in a normal state; the heating assembly 20 is controlled to slowly heat at a certain temperature rise rate, and the image acquisition assembly 30 acquires the image of the sample piece to be detected in real time; when the image collected by the image collecting assembly 30 shows that the sample piece to be detected has obvious weak deformation, the weak deformation of the sample piece to be detected is recorded and analyzed and is compared with the temperature value of the photoelectric pyrometer, and the temperature value collected by the photoelectric pyrometer is the melting point of the sample piece to be detected.
By applying the configuration mode, the measuring method for identifying the melting point of the high-temperature material based on the image is provided, the image of the sample piece to be measured is collected in real time by the image collecting assembly, and the sample piece does not have chemical change and physical reaction when the temperature of the sample piece is below a solid-liquid phase change temperature point; along with the rise of the temperature of the sample piece, when the temperature of the sample piece exceeds the solid-liquid phase change temperature point, after the sample piece material absorbs certain heat, the shape of the sample piece material can generate obvious weak deformation under the action of self gravity, and the solid-liquid phase change temperature point of the sample piece material to be detected can be obtained by recording and analyzing the weak deformation of the sample piece to be detected and comparing the recorded deformation with the temperature value of the photoelectric pyrometer.
According to another aspect of the present invention, in order to improve the accuracy of the melting point measurement of the sample piece to be measured, the present invention provides a measurement method for identifying the melting point of a high-temperature material based on an image, the measurement method comprising: placing a sample piece to be tested, a simple substance sample with a first known melting point temperature and a simple substance sample with a second known melting point temperature in an isothermal block 21 of a heating assembly 20; opening the constant pressure maintaining assembly 60 to maintain the pressure inside the cabin 10 at the set pressure state; opening the circulating water cooling assembly 50 to maintain the temperature inside the cabin 10 in a normal state; the heating component 20 is controlled to slowly heat at a certain temperature rise rate, and the image acquisition component 30 acquires a sample piece to be detected, a simple substance sample with a first known melting point temperature and an image with a second known melting point temperature in real time; when the image acquired by the image acquisition assembly 30 shows that the sample to be detected, the simple substance sample with the first known melting point temperature or the simple substance sample with the second known melting point undergoes obvious weak deformation, a first temperature corresponding to the weak deformation of the sample to be detected, a second temperature corresponding to the weak deformation of the simple substance sample with the first known melting point temperature and a third temperature corresponding to the weak deformation of the simple substance sample with the second known melting point temperature are respectively recorded by the photoelectric pyrometer, the second temperature and the third temperature are used for correcting the first temperature, and the first temperature is the melting point of the sample to be detected.
By applying the configuration mode, the method provides a measuring method for identifying the melting point of the high-temperature material based on the image, the method comprises the steps of selecting a simple substance sample with a first known melting point temperature and a simple substance sample with a second known melting point temperature, putting the melting point temperature of a sample piece to be measured in a range from the first known melting point temperature to the second known melting point temperature, putting the three samples into a heating assembly, and enabling the three samples to generate solid-liquid phase transformation deformation in sequence in the process of slowly increasing the temperature, wherein the temperature of the two samples with the known melting point temperatures, which is generated by the two samples with the known melting point temperatures, can be used for correcting the temperature value of a. When the image acquisition assembly acquires that the measured sample piece has solid-liquid phase change deformation, the temperature value of the sample piece to be measured recorded by the temperature acquisition unit can be used as the solid-liquid phase change temperature of the material, and the device has high melting point measurement precision and small error.
For further understanding of the present invention, the following describes the measuring device for identifying the melting point of the high-temperature material based on the image according to the present invention with reference to fig. 1.
As shown in fig. 1, a measuring device for identifying a melting point of a high-temperature material based on an image is provided according to an embodiment of the present invention, and the measuring device is used for meeting a requirement of a test on a phase change point of a sample material to be tested at a high temperature of 1000 ℃ to 2500 ℃ and a wide pressure distribution of 1KPa to 2 MPa. The measuring device comprises a cabin body 10, a heating component 20, an image acquisition component 30, a photoelectric pyrometer, a circulating water cooling component 50, a constant-pressure maintaining component 60, an acquisition control unit 70, a direct-current transformer 80, an optical cover 90, a pressure sensor 100, a water temperature sensor 110, a water pressure sensor 120, a standby power supply 130 and a temperature control unit 140, the heating component 20 comprises an isothermal block 21, a heating body 22 and a heat preservation layer 23, the image acquisition component 30 comprises a CCD camera 31, a focusing lens 32 and an optical filter 33, the constant-pressure maintaining component 60 comprises a high-pressure gas cylinder 61, a pressure reducing valve 62, a vacuum pump 63, a low-pressure stabilizing tank 64, a stop valve 65, a constant-pressure stabilizing unit 66 and a gas circuit, and the circulating water cooling.
The acquisition control unit 70 is used for controlling the image acquisition assembly 30 to acquire CCD image information, controlling the temperature parameter of the photoelectric pyrometer, controlling the pressure parameter in the cabin and controlling the temperature and the pressure of the circulating water cooling assembly. The acquisition control unit 70 can control the temperature field of the isothermal block 21 by setting the temperature control unit 140, and can control the pressure in the cabin by setting the constant-pressure stabilizing unit 66. The acquisition control unit 70 may perform deformation identification on the acquired image through an image algorithm, and provide a solid-liquid phase change temperature value of the sample material to be detected according to the temperature parameter of the photoelectric pyrometer.
The CCD camera 31, the focusing lens 32, and the optical filter 33 are used to collect image information when the material undergoes phase change deformation. The focusing lens 32 can achieve image magnification and focusing functions on the microscopic surface of the material. The optical filter 33 mainly adopts a visible light filter, and is used for filtering short-wave light rays at high temperature to ensure that the CCD camera can acquire normal material appearance forms.
The device establishes the relation between the temperature field measured by the photoelectric pyrometer and the known solid-liquid phase change temperature point by adopting a high-purity metal simple substance with the known solid-liquid phase change temperature point as a calibration basis.
The isothermal block 21 and the heating body 22 are mainly composed of graphite material. A certain gap is reserved between the isothermal block 21 and the heating body 22, and the heating body 22 heats the isothermal block 21 in a radiation heat exchange mode, so that the heating rate can be better controlled, and the isothermal block 21 has better temperature field uniformity. The isothermal block 21 and the heating body 22 are electrically insulated from each other by boron nitride ceramic pillars. The optical port cover 90 is mainly composed of a quartz glass material. The sample to be tested can be placed into the isothermal block 21 by the optical port cover 90. The heat-insulating layer 23 is made of aerogel heat-insulating ceramic layer.
The vacuum pump 63 and the low-pressure surge tank 64 form a low-pressure loop, and can provide a stable negative pressure to the constant-pressure stabilizing device 66. The high-pressure gas cylinder 61 and the pressure reducing valve 62 form a high-pressure gas loop, and the high-pressure gas cylinder 61 is filled with protective gas and can provide stable high-pressure for the constant-pressure stabilizing device 66. When the pressure sensor 100 detects that the pressure value in the cabin exceeds a set value, the constant-pressure stabilizing device 66 adjusts the opening of the electromagnetic valve of the low-pressure air loop to reduce the pressure in the cabin; when the pressure sensor 100 detects that the pressure value in the cabin is lower than the set value, the constant-pressure stabilizing device 66 adjusts the opening of the solenoid valve of the high-pressure air loop to increase the pressure in the cabin.
The cabin 10 is designed to have a double-layer structure, and the middle of the cabin 10 can be protected by water cooling. The water temperature sensor 110 is used for detecting the temperature of the water cooling passage in the double-deck cabin 10, and the acquisition control unit 70 controls the start and stop of the circulating water cooling assembly 50 according to a set value. The water pressure sensor 120 is used to monitor the circulating water pressure. When the water temperature and the water pressure exceed the early warning values, the control device gives an alarm.
When power failure occurs, the standby power supply of the UPS24 supplies power to the acquisition control unit 70, the constant voltage maintaining assembly 60 and the circulating water cooling assembly 50, the acquisition control unit 70 stops the heating assembly 20, and meanwhile, the constant voltage maintaining assembly 60 and the circulating water cooling assembly 50 are kept to work normally, and the high-temperature cabin is maintained within a safe temperature and pressure range.
In this embodiment, the main principle of the phase change point temperature measurement performed by the image recognition based high-temperature material melting point measurement device is as follows: when the solid-liquid phase change occurs to the material with a fixed shape, the shape of the material can generate obvious weak deformation, the change of the process can be obviously collected by an optical image method, and the phase change temperature of the material can be accurately measured by identifying the image of the process. The photoelectric pyrometer is used for controlling a temperature field, a high-purity metal simple substance with a known fixed phase transition temperature point is used as a calibration basis, a relationship between the temperature field and the known phase transition temperature is established, and the known temperature field is used for measuring the phase transition temperature of the high-temperature material to be measured.
In summary, the invention provides a measuring device for identifying a melting point of a high-temperature material based on an image, and relates to a device capable of realizing temperature measurement of a phase transition point (solid-liquid) of the high-temperature material within 1000 ℃ to 2500 ℃ under constant pressure based on an image identification method, and the device is suitable for research on thermophysical property phase transition points of heat-resistant high-temperature alloys, high-temperature ceramics, novel alloy materials and the like. Compared with the prior art, the device is based on an image identification method, when the image acquisition assembly acquires that the detected sample piece has solid-liquid phase change deformation, the temperature value of the detected sample piece recorded by the temperature acquisition unit can be used as the solid-liquid phase change temperature of the material. Meanwhile, the measuring device can correct the temperature value of the sample to be measured, which is acquired by the temperature acquisition unit and is deformed by utilizing the phase change deformation temperature of the two samples with known melting point temperatures, so that the melting point measurement precision is high and the error is small.
Spatially relative terms, such as "above … …," "above … …," "above … …," "above," and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one device or feature's spatial relationship to another device or feature as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if a device in the figures is turned over, devices described as "above" or "on" other devices or configurations would then be oriented "below" or "under" the other devices or configurations. Thus, the exemplary term "above … …" can include both an orientation of "above … …" and "below … …". The device may be otherwise variously oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.
It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", and the like are used to define the components, and are only used for convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components, and the terms have no special meanings unless otherwise stated, and therefore, the scope of the present invention should not be construed as being limited.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A measuring device for identifying a melting point of a high-temperature material based on an image is characterized by comprising:
a cabin (10);
the heating assembly (20) is arranged in the cabin body (10), the heating assembly (20) is provided with an accommodating cavity, and a sample piece to be tested is arranged in the accommodating cavity;
the image acquisition assembly (30), the said image acquisition assembly (30) is used for gathering the picture of the sample to be measured;
the temperature acquisition unit (40), the temperature acquisition unit (40) is used for judging the melting point temperature of the sample piece to be detected according to the image acquired by the image acquisition assembly (30);
the circulating water cooling assembly (50), the circulating water cooling assembly (50) is connected with the cabin body (10), and the circulating water cooling assembly (50) is used for keeping the temperature in the cabin body (10) in a normal state;
the constant pressure maintaining assembly (60), the constant pressure maintaining assembly (60) is connected with the cabin body (10), and the constant pressure maintaining assembly (60) is used for maintaining the pressure in the cabin body (10) in a set pressure state;
gather the control unit (70), gather the control unit (70) respectively with heating element (20) image acquisition subassembly (30) temperature acquisition unit (40) circulation water cooling subassembly (50) and constant voltage keeps subassembly (60) to connect, gather the control unit (70) and be used for controlling the heating temperature of heating element (20), the switching of circulation water cooling subassembly (50) and the switching of constant voltage maintenance subassembly (60).
2. The image-based high-temperature material melting point identification measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the heating assembly (20) comprises an isothermal block (21), a heating body (22) and an insulating layer (23), the isothermal block (21) is provided with the accommodating cavity, the isothermal block (21) is arranged in the heating body (22), and the heating body (22) is arranged in the insulating layer (23).
3. The image-based measuring device for identifying the melting point of the high-temperature material according to claim 2, further comprising a direct current transformer (80) and an optical cover (90), wherein the direct current transformer (80) is respectively connected with the heating body (22) and the acquisition control unit (70), and the acquisition control unit (70) is used for controlling the heating voltage of the direct current transformer (80); optics flap (90) set up heating element (20) with on cabin body (10), image acquisition subassembly (30) permeate optics flap (90) gather the image of the sample spare that awaits measuring.
4. The measuring device for identifying the melting point of the high-temperature material based on the image as claimed in claim 3, further comprising a pressure sensor (100), a water temperature sensor (110) and a water pressure sensor (120), wherein the pressure sensor (100) is used for measuring the gas pressure in the cabin (10), the water temperature sensor (110) is used for measuring the circulating water temperature of the circulating water cooling assembly (50), the water pressure sensor (120) is used for measuring the circulating water pressure of the circulating water cooling assembly (50), the pressure sensor (100), the water temperature sensor (110) and the water pressure sensor (120) are all connected with the acquisition control unit (70), the acquisition control unit (70) controls the constant pressure maintaining assembly (60) to be opened and closed according to the measured value of the pressure sensor (100), and the acquisition control unit (70) controls the constant pressure maintaining assembly (60) to be opened and closed according to the water temperature sensor (110) and the water pressure sensor (120) ) Controls the opening and closing of the circulating water cooling unit (50).
5. The device for measuring the melting point of the high-temperature material based on image recognition according to claim 4, wherein the image acquisition assembly (30) comprises a CCD camera (31), a focusing lens (32) and an optical filter (33), the focusing lens (32) is used for realizing image amplification and focusing on the microscopic surface of the photographed object, and the optical filter (33) is used for filtering short-wave light rays at high temperature.
6. The image-based recognition high-temperature material melting point measurement apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the constant pressure maintaining assembly (60) includes a high-pressure gas cylinder (61), a pressure reducing valve (62), a vacuum pump (63), a low-pressure surge tank (64), a cut-off valve (65), and a constant pressure stabilizing unit (66), the high-pressure gas cylinder (61), the pressure reducing valve (62), and the constant pressure stabilizing unit (66) are connected in series, the vacuum pump (63), the low-pressure surge tank (64), the cut-off valve (65), and the constant pressure stabilizing unit (66) are connected in series, and the high-pressure gas cylinder (61) and the cut-off valve (62) connected in series are connected in parallel with the vacuum pump (63), the low-pressure surge tank (64), and the cut-off valve (65) connected in series.
7. The image-based measuring device for identifying the melting point of the high-temperature material according to claim 6, further comprising a backup power supply (130), wherein the backup power supply (130) is respectively connected with the acquisition control unit (70), the constant voltage maintaining assembly (60) and the circulating water cooling assembly (50).
8. The image-based recognition high-temperature material melting point measurement apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7, the device is characterized by further comprising an elementary substance sample with a first known melting point temperature and an elementary substance sample with a second known melting point temperature, the elementary substance sample with the first known melting point temperature and the elementary substance sample with the second known melting point temperature are both arranged in the accommodating cavity, the melting point temperature of the sample piece to be measured is in the range from the first known melting point temperature to the second known melting point temperature, the image acquisition component (30) is used for acquiring images of a sample piece to be detected, a simple substance sample with a first known melting point temperature and a simple substance sample with a second known melting point temperature, the temperature acquisition unit (40) is used for acquiring the temperatures of a sample piece to be detected, a simple substance sample with a first known melting point temperature and a simple substance sample with a second known melting point temperature.
9. A measuring method for identifying the melting point of a high-temperature material based on an image is characterized by comprising the following steps:
placing a sample to be tested in an isothermal block (21) of a heating assembly (20);
opening the constant pressure maintaining assembly (60) to maintain the pressure in the cabin (10) in a set pressure state;
opening the circulating water cooling assembly (50) to keep the temperature in the cabin body (10) in a normal state;
the heating assembly (20) is controlled to slowly heat at a certain temperature rise rate, and the image acquisition assembly (30) acquires the image of the sample piece to be detected in real time;
when the image collected by the image collecting assembly (30) shows that the sample piece to be detected is weakly deformed, the weak deformation of the sample piece to be detected is recorded and analyzed and is compared with the temperature value of the photoelectric pyrometer, and the temperature value collected by the photoelectric pyrometer is the melting point of the sample piece to be detected.
10. A measuring method for identifying the melting point of a high-temperature material based on an image is characterized by comprising the following steps:
placing a sample piece to be tested, a simple substance sample with a first known melting point temperature and a simple substance sample with a second known melting point temperature in an isothermal block (21) of a heating assembly (20);
opening the constant pressure maintaining assembly (60) to maintain the pressure in the cabin (10) in a set pressure state;
opening the circulating water cooling assembly (50) to keep the temperature in the cabin body (10) in a normal state;
the heating assembly (20) is controlled to slowly heat at a certain temperature rise rate, and the image acquisition assembly (30) acquires a sample piece to be detected, a simple substance sample with a first known melting point temperature and an image with a second known melting point temperature in real time;
when the image collected by the image collecting assembly (30) shows that a sample piece to be detected, a simple substance sample with a first known melting point temperature or a simple substance sample with a second known melting point is weakly deformed, a first temperature corresponding to the weak deformation of the sample piece to be detected, a second temperature corresponding to the weak deformation of the simple substance sample with the first known melting point temperature and a third temperature corresponding to the weak deformation of the simple substance sample with the second known melting point temperature are recorded by a photoelectric pyrometer respectively, the second temperature and the third temperature are used for correcting the first temperature, and the first temperature is the melting point of the sample piece to be detected.
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