CN111829377B - Rotationally symmetric loop heat pipe - Google Patents
Rotationally symmetric loop heat pipe Download PDFInfo
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- CN111829377B CN111829377B CN201910328186.6A CN201910328186A CN111829377B CN 111829377 B CN111829377 B CN 111829377B CN 201910328186 A CN201910328186 A CN 201910328186A CN 111829377 B CN111829377 B CN 111829377B
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- pipe
- tube
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- middle evaporation
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D15/00—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies
- F28D15/02—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes
- F28D15/0266—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes with separate evaporating and condensing chambers connected by at least one conduit; Loop-type heat pipes; with multiple or common evaporating or condensing chambers
Abstract
The invention provides a loop heat pipe, which comprises a middle evaporation pipe, a left collecting pipe, a right collecting pipe and pipe groups, wherein each pipe group comprises a left pipe group and a right pipe group, the left pipe group is communicated with the left collecting pipe and the middle evaporation pipe, the right pipe group is communicated with the right collecting pipe and the middle evaporation pipe, so that the middle evaporation pipe, the left collecting pipe, the right collecting pipe and the pipe groups form heating fluid closed circulation, an electric heater is arranged in the middle evaporation pipe, the pipe groups are multiple, each pipe group comprises a plurality of arc-shaped pipes, the end parts of the adjacent arc-shaped pipes are communicated, the arc-shaped pipes form a series structure, and the end parts of the arc-shaped pipes form the free ends of the arc-shaped pipes; the middle evaporation tube comprises a first tube orifice and a second tube orifice, the first tube orifice is connected with the inlet of the left tube group, the second tube orifice is connected with the inlet of the right tube group, the outlet of the left tube group is connected with the left collecting tube, and the outlet of the right tube group is connected with the right collecting tube; the first outlet and the second outlet are disposed on opposite sides. The invention provides a vibrating tube bundle loop heat pipe with a novel structure, which increases the vibration range of a tube bundle by arranging more tube groups in a limited space, thereby strengthening heat transfer and enhancing descaling.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a loop heat pipe, in particular to an elastic vibration descaling loop heat pipe.
Background
The heat pipe technology is a heat transfer element called a heat pipe invented by george geover grover (Los Alamos) national laboratory in Los Alamos (1963), which makes full use of the heat conduction principle and the rapid heat transfer property of a phase change medium, and the heat of a heating object is rapidly transferred to the outside of a heat source through the heat pipe, and the heat conduction capability of the heat transfer element exceeds the heat conduction capability of any known metal.
The heat pipe technology is widely applied to the industries of aerospace, military industry and the like, and since the heat pipe technology is introduced into the radiator manufacturing industry, the design idea of the traditional radiator is changed for people, the single heat radiation mode that a high-air-volume motor is used for obtaining a better heat radiation effect is avoided, the heat pipe technology is adopted for enabling the radiator to obtain a satisfactory heat exchange effect, and a new place in the heat radiation industry is opened up. At present, the heat pipe is widely applied to various heat exchange devices, including the field of nuclear power, such as the utilization of waste heat of nuclear power.
Current heat pipes, particularly multi-tube loop heat pipes, such as the loop heat pipe described in FIG. 1, include dual headers, one header evaporating and one header condensing, thereby forming a vibrating descaled heat pipe. Thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency of the heat pipe and reducing scaling. However, the heat pipe has insufficient uniformity of heat exchange, only one side is used for condensation, and the heat exchange amount is small, so that improvement is needed to develop a heat pipe system with a novel structure.
Aiming at the problems, the invention improves on the basis of the previous invention and provides a new heat pipe, thereby solving the problems of low heat exchange quantity and uneven heat exchange of the heat pipe.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an elastic heat pipe with a novel structure aiming at the defect of elasticity in the prior art. The elastic heat pipe can improve the descaling and heat exchange effects.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a loop heat pipe comprises a middle evaporation pipe, a left collecting pipe, a right collecting pipe and pipe groups, wherein the pipe groups comprise a left pipe group and a right pipe group, the left pipe group is communicated with the left collecting pipe and the middle evaporation pipe, the right pipe group is communicated with the right collecting pipe and the middle evaporation pipe, so that the middle evaporation pipe, the left collecting pipe, the right collecting pipe and the pipe groups form heating fluid closed circulation, an electric heater is arranged in the middle evaporation pipe, the pipe groups are multiple, each pipe group comprises a plurality of arc-shaped pipes, the end parts of the adjacent arc-shaped pipes are communicated, the arc-shaped pipes form a series structure, and the end parts of the arc-shaped pipes form the free ends of the arc-shaped pipes; the middle evaporation tube comprises a first tube orifice and a second tube orifice, the first tube orifice is connected with the inlet of the left tube group, the second tube orifice is connected with the inlet of the right tube group, the outlet of the left tube group is connected with the left collecting tube, and the outlet of the right tube group is connected with the right collecting tube; the first outlet and the second outlet are disposed on opposite sides.
Preferably, the arc pipes of the left pipe group are distributed by taking the axis of the left collecting pipe as the center of a circle, and the arc pipes of the right pipe group are distributed by taking the axis of the right collecting pipe as the center of a circle.
Preferably, the right tube group is positioned at a position where the left tube group is rotated by 180 degrees along the axis of the middle evaporation tube.
Preferably, the distance between the center of the middle evaporation tube and the center of the left header is equal to the distance between the center of the middle evaporation tube and the center of the right header 1, and is L, the tube diameter of the left header, the tube diameter of the middle evaporation tube, and the radius of the right header are R, the radius of the axis of the innermost arc tube among the arc tubes is R1, and the radius of the axis of the outermost arc tube is R2, so that the following requirements are met:
R1/R2＝a*(R/L)2-b (R/L) + c; wherein a, b, c are parameters, wherein 4.834<a<4.835，1.390<b<1.391，0.5585<c<0.5590。
Preferably, along the direction of height of middle part evaporating pipe, set up to a plurality ofly with one side nest of tubes, from the top down direction, the pipe diameter of one side nest of tubes diminishes constantly.
The invention has the following advantages:
1. the invention provides a vibrating tube bundle loop heat pipe with a novel structure, which increases the vibration range of a tube bundle by arranging more tube groups in a limited space, thereby strengthening heat transfer and enhancing descaling.
2. The invention can further improve the heating efficiency by arranging the pipe diameters and the intervals of the pipe groups in the height direction.
3. The invention optimizes the optimal relation of the parameters of the loop heat pipe through a large amount of experiments and numerical simulation, thereby realizing the optimal heating efficiency.
4. The invention designs a triangular layout diagram of a multi-loop heat pipe with a novel structure, optimizes the structural parameters of the layout, and can further improve the heating efficiency through the layout.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a top view of a loop heat pipe of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a front view of the loop heat pipe of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a front view of another embodiment of a loop heat pipe of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the dimensional structure of the loop heat pipe of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic layout of a loop heat pipe in a circular cross-section heater according to the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a loop heat pipe structure in the prior art.
In the figure: 1. tube group, left tube group 11, right tube group 12, 21, left collecting tube, 22, right collecting tube, 3, free end, 4, free end, 5, free end, 6, free end, 7, arc tube, 8, middle evaporating tube, 9, electric heater, 10 first tube orifice, 13 second tube orifice, left return tube 14, right return tube 15
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention refers to the accompanying drawings.
In this document, "/" denotes division and "×", "denotes multiplication, referring to formulas, if not specifically stated.
As shown in fig. 1, a loop heat pipe comprises a middle evaporation tube 8, a left header 21, a right header 22 and a tube group 1, wherein the tube group 1 comprises a left tube group 11 and a right tube group 12, the left tube group 11 is communicated with the left header 21 and the middle evaporation tube 8, the right tube group 12 is communicated with the right header 22 and the middle evaporation tube 8, so that the middle evaporation tube 8, the left header 21, the right header 22 and the tube group 1 form a closed heating fluid circulation, the middle evaporation tube 8 is filled with a phase-change fluid, an electric heater 9 is arranged in the middle evaporation tube 8, each tube group 1 comprises a plurality of arc-shaped tubes 7 in an arc shape, the ends of the adjacent arc-shaped tubes 7 are communicated, so that the plurality of arc-shaped tubes 7 form a series structure, and the ends of the arc-shaped tubes 7 form arc-shaped tube free ends 3-6; the middle evaporation tube comprises a first tube orifice 10 and a second tube orifice 13, the first tube orifice 10 is connected with the inlet of the left tube group 11, the second tube orifice 13 is connected with the inlet of the right tube group 12, the outlet of the left tube group 11 is connected with the left header 21, and the outlet of the right tube group 12 is connected with the right header 22; the first and second nozzles 10 and 13 are arranged on opposite sides of the central evaporator tube 8.
Preferably, a left return pipe 14 is provided between the left header 21 and the middle evaporation pipe 8, and a right return pipe 14 is provided between the right header 22 and the middle evaporation pipe 8. Preferably, the return pipe is arranged at the bottom.
The fluid heats and evaporates in the middle evaporation tube 8, flows to the left and right headers 21 and 22 along the arc tube bundle, and the fluid can expand in volume after being heated, so that steam is formed, the volume of the steam is far larger than that of water, and the formed steam can flow in the coil in a quick impact manner. Because volume expansion and steam flow can induce the arc tube free end to vibrate, the vibration is transferred to the surrounding heat exchange fluid at the free end of the heat exchange tube in the vibrating process, and the fluid can also generate disturbance each other, so that the surrounding heat exchange fluid forms disturbance flow, a boundary layer is damaged, and the purpose of enhancing heat transfer is realized. The fluid is condensed and released heat in the left and right collecting pipes and then flows back to the middle evaporation pipe through the return pipe.
According to the invention, the prior art is improved, and the condensation collecting pipe and the pipe groups are respectively arranged into two pipes which are distributed on the left side and the right side, so that the pipe groups distributed on the left side and the right side can perform vibration heat exchange descaling, the heat exchange vibration area is enlarged, the vibration can be more uniform, the heat exchange effect is more uniform, the heat exchange area is increased, and the heat exchange and descaling effects are enhanced.
Preferably, the arc pipes of the left pipe group are distributed by taking the axis of the left collecting pipe as the center of a circle, and the arc pipes of the right pipe group are distributed by taking the axis of the right collecting pipe as the center of a circle. The left collecting pipe and the right collecting pipe are arranged as circle centers, so that the distribution of the arc-shaped pipes can be better ensured, and the vibration and the heating are uniform.
Preferably, the tube group is plural.
Preferably, the position of the right tube group (including the right header) is a position of the left tube group (including the left header) rotated by 180 degrees (angle) along the axis of the middle evaporation tube. Through such setting, can make the arc pipe distribution of heat transfer reasonable more even, improve the heat transfer effect.
Preferably, the headers 8, 21, 22 are provided along the height direction.
Preferably, the left tube group 21 and the right tube group 22 are staggered in the height direction, as shown in fig. 2. Through the staggered distribution, can make to vibrate heat transfer and scale removal on the not co-altitude for the vibration is more even, strengthens heat transfer and scale removal effect.
Preferably, the tube group 2 (e.g., the same side (left side or right side)) is provided in plural along the height direction of the middle evaporation tube 8, and the tube diameter of the tube group 2 (e.g., the same side (left side or right side)) becomes smaller from the top to the bottom.
Preferably, the tube diameters of the arc-shaped tubes of the tube group (for example, the same side (left side or right side)) are gradually decreased and increased along the top-down direction of the middle evaporation tube 8.
The pipe diameter range through the nest of tubes increases, can guarantee that more steam gets into through upper portion and control the box, guarantees that the distribution of all nest of tubes interior steam is even, further reinforces the heat transfer effect for whole vibration effect is even, and the heat transfer effect increases, further improves heat transfer effect and scale removal effect. Experiments show that better heat exchange effect and descaling effect can be achieved by adopting the structural design.
Preferably, the tube groups on the same side (left side or right side) are provided in plurality along the height direction of the middle evaporation tube 8, and the distance between the adjacent tube groups on the same side (left side or right side) becomes larger from the top to the bottom.
Preferably, the spacing between the tube groups on the same side (left side or right side) in the height direction of the first header is increased to a larger extent.
The interval amplitude through the nest of tubes increases, can guarantee that more steam passes through upper portion and gets into about the collector, guarantees that the distribution of all nest of tubes steam is even, further reinforces the heat transfer effect for whole vibration effect is even, and the heat transfer effect increases, further improves heat transfer effect and scale removal effect. Experiments show that better heat exchange effect and descaling effect can be achieved by adopting the structural design.
In tests, it was found that the tube diameters, distances and tube diameters of the left header 21, the right header 22, the middle evaporation tube 8 can have an influence on the heat exchange efficiency and uniformity. If the distance between the collector is too big, then heat exchange efficiency is too poor, and the distance between the arc pipe is too little, then the arc pipe distributes too closely, also can influence heat exchange efficiency, and the pipe diameter size of collector and heat exchange tube influences the volume of the liquid or the steam that hold, then can exert an influence to the vibration of free end to influence the heat transfer. Therefore, the pipe diameters and distances of the left header 21, the right header 22, the middle evaporation pipe 8 and the pipe diameters of the arc pipes have a certain relationship.
The invention provides an optimal size relation summarized by numerical simulation and test data of a plurality of heat pipes with different sizes. Starting from the maximum heat exchange amount in the heat exchange effect, nearly 200 forms are calculated. The dimensional relationship is as follows:
the distance between the center of the middle evaporation tube 8 and the center of the left header 21 is equal to the distance between the center of the middle evaporation tube 8 and the center of the right header 21, L, the tube diameter of the left header 21, the tube diameter of the middle evaporation tube 8, and the radius of the right header 22 are R, the radius of the axis of the innermost arc tube in the arc tubes is R1, and the radius of the axis of the outermost arc tube is R2, so that the following requirements are met:
R1/R2＝a*(R/L)2-b (R/L) + c; wherein a, b, c are parameters, wherein 4.834<a<4.835，1.390<b<1.391，0.5585<c<0.5590, respectively; preferably, a is 4.8344, b is 1.3906, and c is 0.5587.
Preferably, 34< R <61 mm; 114< L <191 mm; 69< R1<121mm, 119< R2<201 mm.
Preferably, the number of curved tubes of the tube set is 3-5, preferably 3 or 4.
Preferably, 0.57< R1/R2< 0.61; 0.3< R/L < 0.32.
Preferably, 0.583< R1/R2< 0.60; 0.304< R/L < 0.316.
Preferably, the radius of the arc tube is preferably 10-40 mm; preferably 15 to 35mm, more preferably 20 to 30 mm.
Preferably, the centers of the left header 21, the right header 22 and the middle evaporation tube 8 are on a straight line.
Preferably, the arc between the ends of the free ends 3, 4, centered on the central axis of the left header, is 95-130 degrees, preferably 120 degrees. The same applies to the curvature of the free ends 5, 6 and the free ends 3, 4. Through the design of the preferable included angle, the vibration of the free end is optimal, and therefore the heating efficiency is optimal.
Preferably, the loop heat pipe can be used as an immersed heat exchange assembly, immersed in a fluid to heat the fluid, for example, the loop heat pipe can be used as an air radiator heating assembly, and can also be used as a water heater heating assembly.
The heating power of the electric heater is preferably 1000-2000W, and more preferably 1500W.
Preferably, the box body has a circular cross section, and is provided with a plurality of electric heating devices, wherein one electric heating device is arranged at the center of the circular cross section and the other electric heating devices are distributed around the center of the circular cross section.
Preferably, the tube bundle of the tube bank 1 is an elastic tube bundle.
The heat exchange coefficient can be further improved by arranging the tube bundle of the tube group 1 with an elastic tube bundle.
Further preferably, the electric heater is an electric heating rod.
The number of the pipe groups 1 is multiple, and the plurality of pipe groups 1 are in a parallel structure.
A heater such as that shown in fig. 6, for example a water heater, has a circular cross-sectional housing within which the plurality of loop heat pipes are disposed. Preferably, three loop heat pipes are arranged in the shell, and extension lines of central connecting lines of the left header, the right header and the middle evaporation pipe of the loop heat pipes form an inscribed regular triangle with a circular cross section. Through such setting, can make and to fully reach vibrations and heat transfer purpose in can making the heater, improve the heat transfer effect.
Learn through numerical simulation and experiment, loop heat pipe's size and circular cross section's diameter have very big influence to the heat transfer effect, loop heat pipe oversize can lead to adjacent interval too little, the space that the centre formed is too big, middle heating effect is not good, the heating is inhomogeneous, on the same hand, loop heat pipe size undersize can lead to adjacent interval too big, leads to whole heating effect not good. Therefore, the invention obtains the optimal size relation through a large amount of numerical simulation and experimental research.
The distance between the centers of the left collecting box and the right collecting box is L1, the side length of the inscribed regular triangle is L2, the radius of the axis of the innermost arc pipe in the arc pipes is R1, and the radius of the axis of the outermost arc pipe is R2, so that the following requirements are met:
10*(L1/L2)＝d*(10*R1/R2)-e*(10*R1/R2)2-f; wherein d, e, f are parameters,
42.69<d<42.71,3.63<e<3.64,119.9<f<120.1；
further preferably, d is 42.702, e is 3.634, f is 122.01;
with 720< L2<1130mm preferred. Preferably 0.3< L1/L2< 0.6.
Further preferably 0.32< L1/L2< 0.4.
Preferably, the centers of the left header 21, the right header 22 and the middle evaporation tube 8 are on a straight line.
Through the layout of the three loop heat pipes with optimized structure, the whole heat exchange effect can reach the best heat exchange effect.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is not limited thereto. Various changes and modifications may be effected therein by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (2)
1. A loop heat pipe comprises a middle evaporation pipe, a left collecting pipe, a right collecting pipe and pipe groups, wherein the pipe groups comprise a left pipe group and a right pipe group, the left pipe group is communicated with the left collecting pipe and the middle evaporation pipe, the right pipe group is communicated with the right collecting pipe and the middle evaporation pipe, so that the middle evaporation pipe, the left collecting pipe, the right collecting pipe and the pipe groups form heating fluid closed circulation, an electric heater is arranged in the middle evaporation pipe, the pipe groups are multiple, each pipe group comprises a plurality of arc-shaped pipes, the end parts of the adjacent arc-shaped pipes are communicated, the arc-shaped pipes form a series structure, and the end parts of the arc-shaped pipes form the free ends of the arc-shaped pipes; the middle evaporation tube comprises a first tube orifice and a second tube orifice, the first tube orifice is connected with the inlet of the left tube group, the second tube orifice is connected with the inlet of the right tube group, the outlet of the left tube group is connected with the left collecting tube, and the outlet of the right tube group is connected with the right collecting tube; the first pipe orifice and the second pipe orifice are arranged on two opposite sides of the middle evaporation pipe; the position of the right tube group is the position of the left tube group which is rotated by 180 degrees along the axis of the middle evaporation tube.
2. A loop heat pipe as claimed in claim 1 wherein the arcuate tubes of said left group are centered on the axis of the left header and the arcuate tubes of said right group are centered on the axis of the right header.
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110908053.3A CN113465427B (en) | 2019-04-23 | 2019-04-23 | Rotational symmetry loop heat pipe heat transfer device |
| CN201910328186.6A CN111829377B (en) | 2019-04-23 | 2019-04-23 | Rotationally symmetric loop heat pipe |
| CN202110908040.6A CN113465426B (en) | 2019-04-23 | 2019-04-23 | Rotationally symmetrical loop heat pipe with reduced pipe diameter |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910328186.6A CN111829377B (en) | 2019-04-23 | 2019-04-23 | Rotationally symmetric loop heat pipe |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202110908040.6A Division CN113465426B (en) | 2019-04-23 | 2019-04-23 | Rotationally symmetrical loop heat pipe with reduced pipe diameter |
| CN202110908053.3A Division CN113465427B (en) | 2019-04-23 | 2019-04-23 | Rotational symmetry loop heat pipe heat transfer device |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN111829377A CN111829377A (en) | 2020-10-27 |
| CN111829377B true CN111829377B (en) | 2021-08-13 |
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| CN202110908040.6A Active CN113465426B (en) | 2019-04-23 | 2019-04-23 | Rotationally symmetrical loop heat pipe with reduced pipe diameter |
| CN201910328186.6A Expired - Fee Related CN111829377B (en) | 2019-04-23 | 2019-04-23 | Rotationally symmetric loop heat pipe |
| CN202110908053.3A Active CN113465427B (en) | 2019-04-23 | 2019-04-23 | Rotational symmetry loop heat pipe heat transfer device |
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| CN202110908040.6A Active CN113465426B (en) | 2019-04-23 | 2019-04-23 | Rotationally symmetrical loop heat pipe with reduced pipe diameter |
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| CN202110908053.3A Active CN113465427B (en) | 2019-04-23 | 2019-04-23 | Rotational symmetry loop heat pipe heat transfer device |
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- 2019-04-23 CN CN202110908040.6A patent/CN113465426B/en active Active
- 2019-04-23 CN CN201910328186.6A patent/CN111829377B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2019-04-23 CN CN202110908053.3A patent/CN113465427B/en active Active
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| CN105157461A (en) * | 2015-09-14 | 2015-12-16 | 宝钢发展有限公司 | Heat-tube oil cooling device of hydraulic mechanism |
| CN107664447A (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2018-02-06 | 赵炜 | A kind of heat pipe of heater caliber change |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN113465426A (en) | 2021-10-01 |
| CN111829377A (en) | 2020-10-27 |
| CN113465427B (en) | 2022-04-26 |
| CN113465427A (en) | 2021-10-01 |
| CN113465426B (en) | 2022-04-26 |
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