CN111828253A - Wind generating set protection control method based on wind direction azimuth angle - Google Patents
Wind generating set protection control method based on wind direction azimuth angle Download PDFInfo
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- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors
- F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D7/04—Automatic control; Regulation
- F03D7/042—Automatic control; Regulation by means of an electrical or electronic controller
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D17/00—Monitoring or testing of wind motors, e.g. diagnostics
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors
- F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D7/0204—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor for orientation in relation to wind direction
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
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Abstract
The invention discloses a wind generating set protection control method based on a wind direction azimuth angle, which comprises the following steps: step 1: calibrating a wind direction azimuth angle of a unit of a wind power plant; step 2: recording historical data of wind direction azimuth angles of the units, and establishing a unit grouping database according to the azimuth angle area of the wind power plant; and step 3: the wind speed of the wind power plant reaches the effective wind speed of the wind power plant, and the wind direction azimuth angle protection control mode is entered when the state of the unit meets the condition; and 4, step 4: and triggering an alarm if the wind direction azimuth of the unit is abnormal in the wind direction azimuth protection control mode. According to the invention, a unit grouping database can be established according to the azimuth angle area of the wind power plant without adding an additional sensor; and the abnormal protection control of the wind direction of the wind generating set and the cable twisting sensor can be realized by judging the abnormality of the wind direction azimuth angle measured by the set of internal units.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of wind power, in particular to a wind generating set protection control method based on a wind direction azimuth angle.
Background
The wind generating set measures the included angle between the axial direction of the impeller of the set and the incoming wind direction through wind direction measuring equipment, and controls the yaw action of the set according to the included angle. Because the wind direction measuring equipment is manually installed and aligned with deviation, the wind direction measuring equipment is loose, or the wind measuring equipment has problems, and the like, the included angle measured by the wind direction measuring device is inaccurate, the unit cannot be fully aligned with the wind direction, the wind wheel cannot fully utilize wind energy, the load of the unit is larger, and the economic benefit is influenced.
At present, the problem of wind direction measuring equipment can be fully judged only by manually and regularly calibrating the wind measuring equipment or adding a set of independent wind measuring equipment. In this way, problems with the equipment cannot be detected in time or the cost of the equipment must be increased.
Cable twisting value L of wind generating set monitored by cable twisting sensor of setkThe degree of twist of the cable of the reaction cabin-tower base section due to the left and right deflection of the cabin is reflected, and the twist value L of the set kkWhen the cable is equal to 0, the cable of the cabin-tower barrel section naturally hangs down without distortion; cable twisting value LkThe larger the absolute value of the cable is, the more serious the cable distortion of the cabin-tower base section is, and the unit protects the main power cable from being excessively twisted and damaged in a control mode such as cable untwisting. If the cable twisting sensor is abnormal, the main power cable is protected from being excessively twisted and fails, and the main power cable can be damaged due to excessive twisting. In order to prevent the protection failure caused when the twisted cable sensor is abnormal, a spare twisted cable sensor is generally added, which inevitably increases the equipment cost.
The direction of wind is determined as the direction of wind in the weather, and the azimuth angle theta of the wind direction of a wind generating set (hereinafter referred to as a set)kNamely the incoming wind direction measured by the wind measuring equipment of the unit.
In order to ensure that the impeller catches the wind maximally, the wind generating set needs to keep facing the wind constantly (upwind type set), and the included angle between the axis of the impeller of the set k and the wind direction is a wind direction deviation angle alphakWind direction deviation angle alphakTypically measured directly by a wind measuring device (wind vane). When alpha iskAt 0 degree, the axial direction of the impeller needs to be completely opposite to the wind direction, and the wind energy captured by the rotating surface of the impeller is the mostIs large. When alpha iskThe axis of the impeller is 90 degrees or 90 degrees and is vertical to the wind direction, and the energy of the captured wind on the rotating surface of the impeller is the minimum.
In the unit installation process, the initial orientation of the impeller is inconsistent due to the fact that the installation positions of the engine rooms are inconsistent, and the wind direction azimuth angle obtained by each unit is different from the actual wind direction azimuth angle and has a fixed difference value betak，βkFor the difference value of the unit k and for ensuring the accuracy of the wind direction azimuth angle obtained by the unit, a passing difference value beta is adoptedkWind direction compensation is performed. Wind direction compensation value betakCan be accurately measured by equipment such as a compass, a theodolite and the like.
Wind direction azimuth theta measured by wind measuring equipment of unitkWind direction deviation angle alpha measured by a wind direction deviation measuring device (wind vane)kCable twisting value LkWind direction compensation value betakAnd calculating.
θk＝αk+360×Lk+βk
According to the formula, the cable twisting value L caused by the cable twisting value monitoring equipment fault in the operation process of the unitkOr wind direction deviation angle alpha caused by failure of wind measuring equipment (wind vane)kThe abnormality can cause the wind direction azimuth theta of the unitkAnomaly, hence by monitoring wind direction azimuth θkThe wind direction deviation measuring device (wind vane) and the cable twisting value measuring sensor can be effectively judged.
In a wind field with a wide and flat terrain, the consistency of the wind direction and azimuth angles of the wind power plant units is high, even in a mountain wind field with a complex terrain, at the same time, the wind direction and azimuth angles of the wind power plant units have certain difference due to the influence of the terrain and the unit wake; however, under the condition that the wind direction azimuth of the wind power plant is stable, certain correlation exists among the wind direction azimuths of the units of the wind power plant, and the wind direction azimuths measured by the units can be judged to be abnormal by comparing the wind direction azimuth values measured by the correlated units, so that the abnormality of the wind vane or the twisted cable measuring sensor can be timely judged.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a wind generating set protection control method based on a wind direction azimuth angle, which is simple in algorithm, safe and reliable.
The technical scheme for solving the problems is as follows: a wind generating set protection control method based on a wind direction azimuth angle is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: calibrating a wind direction azimuth angle of a unit of a wind power plant;
step 2: recording historical data of wind direction azimuth angles of the units, and establishing a unit grouping database according to the azimuth angle area of the wind power plant;
and step 3: the wind speed of the wind power plant reaches the effective wind speed of the wind power plant, and the wind direction azimuth angle protection control mode is entered when the state of the unit meets the condition;
and 4, step 4: and triggering an alarm if the wind direction azimuth of the unit is abnormal in the wind direction azimuth protection control mode.
In the wind generating set protection control method based on the wind direction azimuth, the specific process of the step 1 is as follows: manually obtaining the actual wind direction azimuth angle of the unit through a compass and a theodolite device, and adjusting the wind direction compensation value beta of the unitkAnd calibrating the wind direction azimuth angles of the units, and finally finishing that the wind direction azimuth angles of all the units in the wind power plant are consistent with the actual wind direction azimuth angles of the units.
In the wind direction azimuth angle-based wind generating set protection control method, in step 2, the method for recording the historical data of the wind direction azimuth angle of the wind generating set includes: when the wind speed V of the wind power plant is greater than or equal to the effective wind speed V of the wind power plantAAnd the wind speed V of the unit kkGreater than or equal to the effective wind speed V of the unitBThen recording the wind direction azimuth theta of the wind power plant and the wind direction azimuth theta of the unit kkK is 1, 2 and … n, and n is the total number of the units in the wind power plant; finally, recording the wind direction azimuth angle theta of the wind power plant units 1, 2 and … n under different wind direction azimuth angles theta of the wind power plant1、θ2、…θnHistorical data points of (a).
In the wind generating set protection control method based on the wind direction azimuth, in the step 2, the effective wind speed V of the setBThe wind speed is cut into by the unit and the effective wind speed V of the wind power plantAThe cut-in wind speed of the unit is not less than 3 m/s.
In the wind generating set protection control method based on the wind direction azimuth, in the step 2, three measurement modes of the wind speed V of the wind farm and the wind direction azimuth theta of the wind farm are provided:
the first is that wind speed V of wind power plant adopts anemometer tower wind speed VAnemometer towerSelecting the wind direction azimuth theta of the wind power plant anemometry tower from the wind power plant wind direction azimuth thetaAnemometer tower；
The second method is that wind speed V of the wind power plant adopts arithmetic mean of wind speed of n units in the whole wind power plant (V)1+V2+…+Vn) N, the wind direction azimuth angle theta of the wind power plant is equal to (theta)1+θ2+…+θn)/n；
The third is that the wind speed V of the wind power plant adopts the root mean square average of the wind speeds of n groups of the whole wind power plant
The wind direction azimuth theta of the wind farm is equal to
In the wind direction azimuth angle-based wind generating set protection control method, in step 2, the method for establishing the set group database according to the wind farm azimuth angle area includes: when the wind direction azimuth angle of the wind power plant is in a certain area, the wind direction azimuth angle theta of each unit is measured1、θ2、…θnComparing historical data points, and dividing the units into the same group if the historical data of the wind direction azimuth angle of the units are consistent, wherein the number of the units in each group is not less than 3; and finally, finishing the unit grouping record of all wind power plant wind direction azimuth angle areas.
In the wind direction azimuth angle-based wind generating set protection control method, in step 2, the azimuth angle θ regions of the wind farm are all divided into 16 regions, namely, 0 to 22.5 degrees are north-northeast, 22.5 to 45 degrees are northeast-northeast, 45 to 67.5 degrees are northeast-northeast, 67.5 to 90 degrees are northeast-east, 90 to 112.5 degrees are east-southeast, 112.5 to 135 degrees are southeast-southeast, 135 to 157.5 degrees are southeast-southeast, 157.5 to 180 degrees are southeast-south, 180 to 202.5 degrees are south-southwest, 202.5 to 225 degrees are southwest-southwest, 225 to 247.5 degrees are southwest-southwest, 270 to southwest-northwest, 270 to 270 degrees are northwest-west 292.5 degrees, 5 degrees are northwest-west, 292.315 degrees, 315 to 315.337-northwest, and 0.337 to 337-northwest-west-north-west.
In the wind generating set protection control method based on the wind direction azimuth, in the step 2, the judgment basis for the consistency of the historical data of the wind direction azimuth of the set is as follows: the absolute value of the wind direction azimuth angle difference between every two units is less than alpha which is less than or equal to 5 degrees.
In the wind direction azimuth-based wind generating set protection control method, in step 3, the meeting of the set state conditions at least includes: the wind speed of the normal operation unit in the unit reaches the effective wind speed V of the unitBAnd the number of the devices is more than 3.
In the wind direction azimuth angle-based wind turbine generator system protection control method, in step 4, the wind direction azimuth angle abnormality judgment of the wind turbine generator system includes: the absolute value of the difference between the wind direction azimuth angle of the unit and the wind direction azimuth angles of other units in the unit is larger than gamma, and the angle of 10 degrees is larger than or equal to gamma and larger than alpha.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: firstly, calibrating a wind direction azimuth angle of a unit of a wind power plant; then recording historical data of wind direction azimuth angles of the units, and establishing a unit grouping database according to the azimuth angle area of the wind power plant; then, the wind speed of the wind power plant reaches the effective wind speed of the wind power plant, and if the state of the unit meets the condition, the wind direction azimuth angle protection control mode is entered; and finally, triggering an alarm when the wind direction azimuth of the unit is abnormal in a wind direction azimuth protection control mode. According to the invention, a unit grouping database can be established according to the azimuth angle area of the wind power plant without adding an additional sensor; and the abnormity of the wind direction azimuth angle measured by the internal unit can be judged, the abnormity protection control of the wind direction of the wind generating set and the cable twisting sensor can be realized, and the abnormity of a wind direction deviation measuring device (a wind vane) and the cable twisting sensor can be effectively monitored in real time under the conditions of not increasing hardware cost and on-site operation and maintenance worker working tasks.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
As shown in fig. 1, a wind generating set protection control method based on a wind direction azimuth angle is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: and calibrating the wind direction and azimuth angle of the units of the wind power plant.
The specific process is as follows: manually obtaining the actual wind direction azimuth angle of the unit through a compass and a theodolite device, and adjusting the wind direction compensation value beta of the unitkAnd calibrating the wind direction azimuth angles of the units, and finally finishing that the wind direction azimuth angles of all the units in the wind power plant are consistent with the actual wind direction azimuth angles of the units.
Step 2: recording historical data of wind direction azimuth angles of the units, and establishing a unit grouping database according to the azimuth angle area of the wind power plant.
The method for recording the historical data of the wind direction azimuth angle of the unit comprises the following steps: when the wind speed V of the wind power plant is greater than or equal to the effective wind speed V of the wind power plantAAnd the wind speed V of the unit kkGreater than or equal to the effective wind speed V of the unitBThen recording the wind direction azimuth theta of the wind power plant and the wind direction azimuth theta of the unit kkK is 1, 2 and … n, and n is the total number of the units in the wind power plant; finally, recording the wind direction azimuth angle theta of the wind power plant units 1, 2 and … n under different wind direction azimuth angles theta of the wind power plant1、θ2、…θnHistorical data points of (a). Wherein the effective wind speed V of the unitBThe wind speed is cut into by the unit and the effective wind speed V of the wind power plantAThe cut-in wind speed of the unit is not less than 3 m/s.
The wind power plant wind speed V and the wind power plant wind direction azimuth angle theta have three measuring modes: the first is that wind speed V of wind power plant adopts anemometer tower wind speed VAnemometer towerSelecting the wind direction azimuth theta of the wind power plant anemometry tower from the wind power plant wind direction azimuth thetaAnemometer tower(ii) a The second method is that wind speed V of the wind power plant adopts arithmetic mean of wind speed of n units in the whole wind power plant (V)1+V2+…+Vn) N, the wind direction azimuth angle theta of the wind power plant is equal to (theta)1+θ2+…+θn) N; the third is that the wind speed V of the wind power plant adopts the root mean square average of the wind speeds of n groups of the whole wind power plant
The wind direction azimuth theta of the wind farm is equal to
The method for establishing the unit group database according to the azimuth angle area of the wind power plant comprises the following steps: when the wind direction azimuth angle of the wind power plant is in a certain area, the wind direction azimuth angle theta of each unit is measured1、θ2、…θnComparing historical data points, and dividing the units into the same group if the historical data of the wind direction azimuth angle of the units are consistent, wherein the number of the units in each group is not less than 3; the basis for judging the consistency of the historical data of the wind direction azimuth angle of the unit is as follows: the absolute value of the wind direction azimuth angle difference between every two units is less than alpha which is less than or equal to 5 degrees. And finally, finishing the unit grouping record of all wind power plant wind direction azimuth angle areas.
The azimuth angle regions of the wind power plant are divided into 16 regions, namely 0-22.5 degrees of north-northeast, 22.5-45 degrees of north-northeast, 45-67.5 degrees of northeast-northeast, 67.5-90 degrees of northeast-east, 90-112.5 degrees of east-southeast, 112.5-135 degrees of southeast-southeast, 135-157.5 degrees of southeast-southeast, 157.5-180 degrees of southeast-southeast, 180-202.5 degrees of south-southwest, 202.5-225 degrees of southwest-southwest, 225-247.5 degrees of southwest-southwest, 247.5-270 degrees of southwest-west, 270-292.5 degrees of west-northwest-west, 292.5 degrees of west-northwest, 292.5-west-315 degrees of northwest-west, 315 degrees of northwest-337.5 degrees of northwest-west, and 0.5-northwest-0 degrees of northwest-north-west.
And step 3: and if the wind speed of the wind power plant reaches the effective wind speed of the wind power plant, the wind direction azimuth angle protection control mode is entered if the state of the unit meets the condition.
The unit state satisfying conditions at least comprise: the wind speed of the normal operation unit in the unit reaches the effective wind speed V of the unitBAnd is andthe number of the devices is more than 3.
And 4, step 4: and triggering an alarm if the wind direction azimuth of the unit is abnormal in the wind direction azimuth protection control mode.
The abnormal judgment of the wind direction azimuth angle of the unit comprises the following steps: the absolute value of the difference between the wind direction azimuth angle of the unit and the wind direction azimuth angles of other units in the unit is larger than gamma, and the angle of 10 degrees is larger than or equal to gamma and larger than alpha.
Claims (10)
1. A wind generating set protection control method based on a wind direction azimuth angle is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: calibrating a wind direction azimuth angle of a unit of a wind power plant;
step 2: recording historical data of wind direction azimuth angles of the units, and establishing a unit grouping database according to the azimuth angle area of the wind power plant;
and step 3: the wind speed of the wind power plant reaches the effective wind speed of the wind power plant, and the wind direction azimuth angle protection control mode is entered when the state of the unit meets the condition;
and 4, step 4: and triggering an alarm if the wind direction azimuth of the unit is abnormal in the wind direction azimuth protection control mode.
2. The wind generating set protection and control method based on the wind direction azimuth angle according to claim 1, wherein the specific process of the step 1 is as follows: manually obtaining the actual wind direction azimuth angle of the unit through a compass and a theodolite device, and adjusting the wind direction compensation value beta of the unitkAnd calibrating the wind direction azimuth angles of the units, and finally finishing that the wind direction azimuth angles of all the units in the wind power plant are consistent with the actual wind direction azimuth angles of the units.
3. The wind generating set protection and control method based on the wind direction azimuth angle according to claim 2, wherein in the step 2, the method for recording the historical data of the wind direction azimuth angle of the set comprises the following steps: when the wind speed V of the wind power plant is greater than or equal to the effective wind speed V of the wind power plantAAnd the wind speed V of the unit kkGreater than or equal to the effective wind speed V of the unitBRecording wind direction azimuth angle theta of wind power plant and wind of unit kTo azimuth angle thetakK is 1, 2 and … n, and n is the total number of the units in the wind power plant; finally, recording the wind direction azimuth angle theta of the wind power plant units 1, 2 and … n under different wind direction azimuth angles theta of the wind power plant1、θ2、…θnHistorical data points of (a).
4. The wind generating set protection control method based on wind direction azimuth angle of claim 3, wherein in the step 2, the effective wind speed V of the setBThe wind speed is cut into by the unit and the effective wind speed V of the wind power plantAThe cut-in wind speed of the unit is not less than 3 m/s.
5. The wind generating set protection and control method based on the wind direction azimuth angle according to claim 3, wherein in the step 2, three measurement modes of wind speed V of the wind farm and wind direction azimuth angle theta of the wind farm are provided:
the first is that wind speed V of wind power plant adopts anemometer tower wind speed VAnemometer towerSelecting the wind direction azimuth theta of the wind power plant anemometry tower from the wind power plant wind direction azimuth thetaAnemometer tower；
The second method is that wind speed V of the wind power plant adopts arithmetic mean of wind speed of n units in the whole wind power plant (V)1+V2+…+Vn) N, the wind direction azimuth angle theta of the wind power plant is equal to (theta)1+θ2+…+θn)/n；
The third is that the wind speed V of the wind power plant adopts the root mean square average of the wind speeds of n groups of the whole wind power plant
The wind direction azimuth theta of the wind farm is equal to
6. The wind generating set protection control method based on wind direction azimuth angle according to claim 3, characterized in that in the step 2, wind farm azimuth angle area is selectedThe method for establishing the unit group database comprises the following steps: when the wind direction azimuth angle of the wind power plant is in a certain area, the wind direction azimuth angle theta of each unit is measured1、θ2、…θnComparing historical data points, and dividing the units into the same group if the historical data of the wind direction azimuth angle of the units are consistent, wherein the number of the units in each group is not less than 3; and finally, finishing the unit grouping record of all wind power plant wind direction azimuth angle areas.
7. The wind generating set protection control method based on wind direction azimuth angle according to claim 6, characterized in that in the step 2, the azimuth angle theta areas of the wind power plant are divided into 16 areas, namely, 0 to 22.5 degrees are north-northeast, 22.5 to 45 degrees are northeast-northeast, 45 to 67.5 degrees are northeast-northeast, 67.5 to 90 degrees are northeast-east, 90 to 112.5 degrees are east-southeast, 112.5 to 135 degrees are southeast-southeast, 135 to 157.5 degrees are southeast-southeast, 157.5 to 180 degrees are southeast-south, 180 to 202.5 degrees are southwest-southwest, 202.5 to 225 degrees are southwest-southwest, 225 to 247.5 degrees are southwest-southwest, 247.5 to 270 degrees are southwest-west, 270 to 292.5 degrees are southwest-northwest-west, 292.5 degrees are northwest-west, 292.5 degrees are northwest-west-north, 337.5 degrees are northwest-west, 337.5 degrees are northwest-north.
8. The wind generating set protection and control method based on the wind direction azimuth angle according to claim 6, wherein in the step 2, the judgment basis of the consistency of the historical data of the wind direction azimuth angle of the set is as follows: the absolute value of the wind direction azimuth angle difference between every two units is less than alpha which is less than or equal to 5 degrees.
9. The wind generating set protection and control method based on the wind direction azimuth angle according to claim 6, wherein the step 3, the meeting of the set state at least comprises the following steps: the wind speed of the normal operation unit in the unit reaches the effective wind speed V of the unitBAnd the number of the devices is more than 3.
10. The wind generating set protection and control method based on the wind direction azimuth angle of claim 6, wherein in the step 4, the wind direction azimuth angle abnormality judgment of the set comprises: the absolute value of the difference between the wind direction azimuth angle of the unit and the wind direction azimuth angles of other units in the unit is larger than gamma, and the angle of 10 degrees is larger than or equal to gamma and larger than alpha.
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