CN111827381B - Excavator bucket and excavator bucket design method - Google Patents

Excavator bucket and excavator bucket design method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111827381B
CN111827381B CN201910815732.9A CN201910815732A CN111827381B CN 111827381 B CN111827381 B CN 111827381B CN 201910815732 A CN201910815732 A CN 201910815732A CN 111827381 B CN111827381 B CN 111827381B
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China
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plate
point
line
bucket
section
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CN111827381A (en
Inventor
吴达鑫
张家波
杜泽选
冯兰兰
王稳稳
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Zoomlion Heavy Industry Science and Technology Co Ltd
Zoomlion Heavy Industry Science and Technology Co Ltd Weinan Branch
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Zoomlion Heavy Industry Science and Technology Co Ltd
Zoomlion Heavy Industry Science and Technology Co Ltd Weinan Branch
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
    • E02F3/36—Component parts
    • E02F3/40—Dippers; Buckets ; Grab devices, e.g. manufacturing processes for buckets, form, geometry or material of buckets
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
    • E02F9/28—Small metalwork for digging elements, e.g. teeth scraper bits
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
    • E02F9/28—Small metalwork for digging elements, e.g. teeth scraper bits
    • E02F9/2883—Wear elements for buckets or implements in general

Abstract

The invention discloses an excavator bucket and an excavator bucket design method, wherein the bucket comprises an ear plate, a flat plate, a bottom plate, a main blade plate and two side plates, the ear plate is provided with a rotation point A for the bucket to rotate, the bottom plate comprises a straight section, a first arc section and a second arc section which are sequentially connected, the main blade plate is connected with the straight section and extends from the straight section, and the flat plate is connected with the second arc section; the included angle a4 between the main edge plate and the connecting line AC of the vertex C of the main edge plate and the revolving point A is 63-67 degrees; the included angle between the connecting line AI of the connecting point I of the straight section and the first circular arc section and the turning point A and the straight section is 85-95 degrees, and the central point G of the first circular arc section is positioned on the connecting line AI. The design scheme provided by the invention improves the design efficiency of the bucket, reduces the abrasion while ensuring that the bucket capacity meets the requirement, and is beneficial to improving the load bearing capacity of the bucket during excavation, reducing the cutting resistance borne by the bucket during excavation and improving the abrasion resistance reliability of the bucket.

Description

Excavator bucket and excavator bucket design method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of excavators, in particular to an excavator bucket and an excavator bucket design method.
Background
The bucket is a main bearing part of the excavator, frequently bears violent impact or friction and abrasion of materials such as soil, clay, gravel, rocks and the like of an operation object in the excavating process, and is a part which is easy to damage and wear in the excavating machine. Reasonable bucket structural design can effectively reduce cutting resistance during excavation operation, improves excavation efficiency, and prolongs the service life of the bucket.
As shown in fig. 1, the components directly associated with the movement of the bucket 10 include an arm 50, a link 20, a stick 30, a bucket cylinder 40, and the like. The bucket 10 generally has two hinge points, one is connected to the arm 50 and the other is connected to the link 20, and when the excavator works, the swing rod 30 and the link 20 are driven to perform reciprocating swing by controlling the extension and contraction of the bucket cylinder 40, so that the bucket 10 rotates around the hinge point connected to the arm 50, and the bucket 10 excavates or unloads materials.
The bucket 10 is used for quickly cutting materials in the early stage of excavation and belongs to consumable goods. Considering that the bucket has various application working conditions and bears frequent and complex loads in the whole life cycle process, the reasonable design of the bucket can be beneficial to improving the design and processing efficiency of the bucket and can effectively improve the impact and friction and wear bearing capacity of the bucket.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an excavator bucket and an excavator bucket design method, so as to improve the design efficiency of the bucket and improve the capacity of the bucket for bearing impact and friction and wear.
In order to achieve the above object, an aspect of the present invention provides an excavator bucket, the bucket including an ear plate, a flat plate, a bottom plate, a main blade plate, and two side plates, the flat plate, the bottom plate, and the main blade plate being connected in sequence, the two side plates being connected to both sides of the bottom plate, respectively, the ear plate being fixed to one end of the bucket having the flat plate, and the ear plate having a turning point a for turning the bucket,
the bottom plate comprises a straight section, a first arc section and a second arc section which are sequentially connected, the main blade plate is connected with the straight section and linearly extends from the straight section, and the flat plate is connected with the second arc section;
wherein an included angle a4 between a connecting line AC of the vertex C of the main edge plate and the rotating point A and the main edge plate is 63-67 degrees;
the included angle between the connecting line AI of the connecting point I of the straight section and the first circular arc section and the revolving point A and the straight section is 85-95 degrees, and the central point G of the first circular arc section is positioned on the connecting line AI.
Preferably, the relationship between the length L4 of the straight section and the length L3 of the main blade plate is: L4/L3=0.9 ~ 1.2.
Preferably, the angle a5 of the first circular arc segment is 33-40 °, and the relationship between the radius R1 and the length L1 of the connecting line AC is: R1/L1= 0.6-0.85.
Preferably, the angle a6 of the second circular arc segment is 122-129 °, and the relationship between the radius R2 and the radius R1 of the first circular arc segment is: R2/R1= 0.35-0.55;
preferably, an included angle between a connecting line LK between a connecting point L of the second arc segment, which is connected with the flat plate, and a circle center K of the second arc segment, and the flat plate is 85 to 95 °.
Preferably, the lug plate is also provided with a hinge point B for connecting the excavator bucket with the connecting rod;
the angle a1 between the connecting line AB of the pivot point A and the hinge point B and the connecting line AC is 83-86 degrees.
Preferably, a side edge plate is arranged above the side plate, and the boundary between the side plate and the side edge plate is a connecting line BD between a point D and the hinge point B;
wherein the point D is an end point of a straight line segment CD perpendicular to the line AC and equal in length to the main blade plate.
Preferably, a side edge plate is arranged above the side plate, and the top contour of the side edge plate comprises a first edge extending from the vertex C of the main edge plate towards the direction of the flat plate and a second edge connected with the first edge;
wherein an included angle a3 between the first edge and the connection line AC is 10-20 degrees, the second edge extends from an intersection point H along a direction perpendicular to the flat plate and is connected with the first edge, and the intersection point H is an intersection point between an extension line of the flat plate and the connection line AI.
Preferably, the excavator bucket further comprises a bent plate, the bent plate is fixed on the outer side of the flat plate, and the lug plate is fixed on the bent plate;
and the contour of the bent plate is positioned in a limit surrounded by a connecting line AB of the rotating point A and the hinge point B, a connecting line BL of the hinge point B and a connecting point L of the second arc section far away from the main blade plate, a connecting line LH of the connecting point L and the intersection point H, and a connecting line AH of the rotating point A and the intersection point H.
Preferably, the upper end part of the bent plate is perpendicular to the flat plate, the lower end part of the bent plate forms an included angle a7 with the flat plate, and a7 is 25-40 degrees.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided an excavator bucket including an ear plate, a flat plate, a bottom plate, a main blade plate, and two side plates, the flat plate, the bottom plate, and the main blade plate being connected in this order, the two side plates being connected to both sides of the bottom plate, respectively, the ear plate being fixed to an end of the bucket having the flat plate, and the ear plate having a turning point a for turning the bucket, the method including:
determining the section contour lines of the bottom plate and the main blade plate;
the method comprises the following specific steps of determining the section contour line of the main blade plate: connecting the revolution point A and the vertex C of the main blade plate to form a straight line segment AC, wherein the distance of the AC is L1;
making a reference contour line CE of the main blade plate: taking the point C as a starting point to form a straight line segment CE, wherein the included angle a4 between the straight line segment CE and the straight line segment AC is 63-67 degrees, and the length of the straight line segment CE is L3;
the bottom plate is including the straight section, first circular arc section and the second circular arc section that connect gradually, does the benchmark outline line of straight section, first circular arc section and second circular arc section, and the concrete step of confirming this benchmark outline line includes:
making an extension line of the straight line segment CE and a vertical line of the CE passing through the point A, wherein the extension line of the CE and the vertical line passing through the point A are intersected at a point I to form a contour line EI of the straight section;
making an arc section IJ which has a radius of R1 and an angle of a5 and is tangent to the EI, wherein the arc section IJ is an outline of the first arc section 42, and a circle center G point of the arc section IJ is positioned on the straight line section AI;
and the arc section JL with the radius of R2 and the angle of a6 and tangent to the arc section IJ is made, the arc section JL is the contour line of the second arc section, and the circle center K point of the arc section JL is positioned on the straight line segment GJ.
Preferably, a5 is 33-40 degrees, R1/L1= 0.6-0.85; and/or a6 is 122-129 degrees, and R2/R1= 0.35-0.55.
Preferably, the method further comprises determining a contour line of the flat plate, and the step specifically comprises:
and making a vertical line of the straight line segment LK, wherein the vertical line is intersected with the straight line segment AI at a point H to form a straight line segment LH tangent to the circular arc segment JL, and the contour line of the flat plate is positioned on the straight line segment LH.
Preferably, the lug plate is also provided with a hinge point B for connecting the excavator bucket with the connecting rod;
the method further comprises the following steps: determining the hinge point B; wherein, the included angle between the straight line segment AB and the AC is a1, and the length of the AB is L2.
Preferably, a1 is 83 ° to 86 °.
Preferably, a side blade plate is disposed above the side plate, the method further comprising: determining a line of demarcation of the side blade plate from the side plate;
the method comprises the following steps:
taking the point C as a starting point, and making a straight line segment CD perpendicular to the straight line segment AC, wherein the length of the straight line segment CD is equal to that of the CE;
and connecting the point B and the point D, wherein the point BD is a boundary line of the side edge plate and the side plate.
Preferably, a side blade plate is disposed above the side plate, the method further comprising: determining a top boundary contour of the side blade plate, the top boundary comprising a first edge and a second edge;
the method comprises the following steps:
making a straight line which passes through the point H and is perpendicular to the HL;
making a straight line through point C and at an angle a3 to AC, the straight line intersecting a straight line through point H perpendicular to HL at point F;
the straight line segment CF forms the contour of the first edge and the straight line segment HF forms the contour of the second edge.
Preferably, a3 is 10 ° to 20 °.
Preferably, the excavator bucket further comprises a bent plate, the bent plate is fixed on the outer side of the flat plate, and the lug plate is fixed on the bent plate;
the method further comprises the following steps: determining the outline boundary of the bent plate;
the contour of the bent plate is positioned in a boundary surrounded by straight line segments AB, BL, LH and AH.
In the excavator bucket and the excavator bucket design method provided by the invention, the connecting line AC between the vertex C of the main blade plate and the rotation point A of the bucket is used as a reference line, the structure of each part of the bucket can be conveniently and quickly designed and positioned, and the point C is positioned on the main blade plate, so that the influence of the change of the bucket teeth arranged on the main blade plate can be avoided. In addition, the technical scheme provided by the invention improves the design efficiency, reduces the abrasion while ensuring that the bucket capacity meets the requirement, and is beneficial to improving the load bearing capacity of the bucket during excavation, reducing the cutting resistance borne by the bucket during excavation and improving the abrasion resistance reliability of the bucket.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an excavator;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a bucket construction;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the bucket as viewed from another direction;
FIG. 4 is a side cross-sectional view of the bucket;
FIG. 5 is a profile line view of the bucket;
fig. 6 is a reference contour line diagram of the bucket.
Description of the reference numerals
10-a bucket; 20-a connecting rod; 30-a rocker; 40-a bucket cylinder; 50-a bucket rod; 1-ear plate; 2-bending a plate; 3-side blade plate; 31-a first edge; 32-a second edge; 4-a bottom plate; 41-straight section; 42-a first arc segment; 43-a second arc segment; 5-side plate; 6-side guard plate; 7-main blade plate; 8-bucket teeth; 9-plate.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention refers to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the present invention, are given by way of illustration and explanation only, not limitation.
In addition, the embodiments of the present invention and the features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "transverse," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "top," "bottom," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the present invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. The term "inside" and "outside" refer to the inside and the outside of the contour of each member itself.
The invention provides an excavator bucket, as shown in fig. 2-4, the bucket comprises an ear plate 1, a flat plate 9, a bottom plate 4, a main blade plate 7 and two side plates, wherein the flat plate 9, the bottom plate 4 and the main blade plate 7 are connected in sequence, the two side plates 5 are respectively connected to two sides of the bottom plate 4 to form a box-shaped structure for loading materials, the ear plate 1 is fixed at one end of the bucket with the flat plate 9, and the ear plate 1 is provided with a rotating point A for rotating the bucket, as shown in fig. 1, a bucket rod 50 of the excavator is hinged to the rotating point A of the ear plate 1, and the bucket can rotate around the rotating point A.
As shown in fig. 5, the bottom plate 4 includes a straight section 41, a first circular arc section 42 and a second circular arc section 43 which are connected in sequence, the main blade plate 7 is connected to the straight section 41 and extends linearly from the straight section 41, and the flat plate 9 is connected to the second circular arc section 43;
wherein, the included angle a4 between the line AC connecting the vertex C of the main cutting board 7 and the revolving point A and the main cutting board 7 is 63-67 degrees;
the included angle between the connection point I of the straight section 41 and the first arc section 42 and the connection line AI of the turning point a and the straight section 41 is 85 to 95 degrees, and more preferably 90 degrees.
The excavator bucket provided by the invention takes the connecting line AC between the vertex C of the main blade plate 7 and the rotating point A of the bucket as a reference line, can conveniently and quickly design and position the structures of each part of the bucket, and can position the point C on the main blade plate 7 without being influenced by the change of the bucket teeth 8 arranged on the main blade plate 7. In addition, according to the bucket provided by the invention, the included angle between the connection point I of the straight section 41 and the first arc section 42 and the connection line AI of the revolution point A and the straight section 41 is 85-95 degrees, the design of the angle not only ensures that the bucket capacity meets the requirement, but also reduces the abrasion, and meanwhile, the center G point of the first arc section 42 can be conveniently determined, so that the design efficiency is improved, and the bucket is beneficial to improving the load bearing capacity of the bucket during excavation, reducing the cutting resistance borne by the bucket during excavation and improving the abrasion resistance reliability of the bucket.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the relationship between the length L4 of the straight section 41 and the length L3 of the main blade plate 7 is: L4/L3=0.9 ~ 1.2.
The angle a5 of the first circular arc segment 42 is 33-40 °, and the relationship between the radius R1 and the length L1 of the connecting line AC is: R1/L1= 0.6-0.85.
The angle a6 of the second circular arc section 43 is 122-129 °, and the relationship between the radius R2 and the radius R1 of the first circular arc section 42 is: R2/R1=0.35 ~ 0.55, wherein the second circular arc section 43 is tangent to the first circular arc section 42.
In designing the bucket, the specific steps of determining the cross-sectional contours of the floor 4 and the main lip 7 of the bucket include (in conjunction with fig. 5 and 6):
the vertex C connecting the turning point a of the bucket turning work and the main blade plate 7 forms a straight line segment AC, where the distance of AC is L1, and the length of L1 can be determined according to the size of the bucket required (i.e., according to empirical values).
Reference contour line CE for the main blade 7: taking a point C as a starting point to form a straight line segment CE, wherein an included angle a4 between the straight line segment CE and the straight line segment AC is 63-67 degrees, the length of the straight line segment CE is L3, and the length of L3 is determined according to an empirical value;
the specific steps of determining the reference contour lines of the straight section 41, the first arc section 42 and the second arc section 43 of the bottom plate 4 include:
making an extension line of the straight line segment CE and a vertical line of the CE passing through the point A, wherein the extension line of the CE and the vertical line passing through the point A intersect at a point I to form a contour line EI of the straight section 41;
making an arc section IJ which has a radius of R1 and an angle of a5 and is tangent to the EI, wherein the arc section IJ is an outline of the first arc section 42, and a circle center G point of the arc section IJ is positioned on the straight line section AI;
and (3) making an arc segment JL with the radius of R2 and the angle of a6 and tangent to the arc segment IJ, wherein the arc segment JL is the contour line of the second arc segment 43, and the circle center K point of the arc segment JL is positioned on the straight line segment GJ.
According to the relation of the right triangle determined by three points of the AIC, by using the formula cos (a 4) = (L3 + L4)/L1, when the values of a4, L1 and L3 are determined, the length L4 of the EI can be calculated, and is approximately L4/L3= 0.9-1.2.
In the excavator bucket of this embodiment, an angle formed by a line LK connecting a connection point L of the second arc segment 43 to the flat plate 9 and a center K of the second arc segment 43 with the flat plate 9 is 85 ° to 95 °, more preferably 90 °, that is, the second arc segment 43 is substantially tangent to the flat plate 9.
During design, the step of determining the contour line of the flat plate 9 specifically includes:
as shown in fig. 5 and 6, a vertical line of the straight line segment LK is made, the vertical line intersects the straight line segment AI at a point H to form a straight line segment LH tangent to the circular arc segment JL, the contour line of the flat plate 9 is on the straight line segment LH, and the size of the contour line of the support plate 9 can be specifically determined according to the size of the bucket.
In the present embodiment, the ear plate 1 is further provided with a hinge point B for connecting the excavator bucket with the connecting rod 20, as shown in fig. 1, the hinge point B is hinged with the connecting rod 20, and the bucket is driven to rotate around a rotation point a by the connecting rod 20; the angle a1 between the connecting line AB and the connecting line AC of the pivot point A and the hinge point B is 83-86 degrees, and the length L2 of the AB can be designed according to actual conditions or experience.
The included angle between the straight line segment LH and the straight line segment AC is a2, the size of the included angle a2 is usually about equal to the included angle a1, and the included angle a2 can be adjusted to ± 2 ° according to practical situations, that is, the connection line AB is substantially parallel to the flat plate 9.
In the embodiment, the side blade plates 3 are arranged above the side plates 5 on both sides of the bucket, and the boundary line between the side plates 5 and the side blade plates 3 is a connecting line BD between a point D and a hinge point B; the point D is an end point of a straight line segment CD perpendicular to the connecting line AC and equal in length to the main blade 7.
The top profile of the side blade plate 3 comprises a first edge 31 extending from the vertex C of the main blade plate 7 towards the flat plate 9 and a second edge 32 connected with the first edge 31;
the included angle a3 between the first edge 31 and the connection line AC is 10-20 °, and the second edge 32 extends from the intersection point H, which is the intersection point between the extension line of the flat plate 9 and the connection line AI, in the direction perpendicular to the flat plate 9 and intersects with the first edge 31.
The specific step of determining the boundary line between the side blade plate 3 and the side plate 5 comprises the following steps:
taking the point C as a starting point, and making a straight line segment CD perpendicular to the straight line segment AC, wherein the length of the straight line segment CD is equal to that of the CE;
and point B and point D are connected, and point BD is the boundary line between the side blade plate 3 and the side plate 5.
The step of determining the top boundary contour of the side blade plate 3 comprises:
making a straight line which passes through the point H and is perpendicular to the HL;
making a straight line through point C and at an angle a3 to AC, the straight line intersecting a straight line through point H perpendicular to HL at point F;
the straight line segment CF forms the contour of the first edge 31 and the straight line segment HF forms the contour of the second edge 32.
The excavator bucket also comprises a bent plate 2, wherein the bent plate 2 is fixed on the outer side of the flat plate 9, and the lug plate 1 is fixed on the bent plate 2;
wherein the contour of the bending plate 2 is located in the boundary enclosed by the line AB connecting the turning point a and the hinge point B, the line BL connecting the hinge point B and the connecting point L of the second circular arc section 43 far away from the main blade plate 7, the line LH connecting the connecting point L and the intersection point H, and the line AH connecting the turning point a and the intersection point H, i.e. in the quadrangle formed by AB, BL, LH and AH as shown in fig. 5 and 6;
the upper end part of the bent plate 2 is perpendicular to the flat plate 9, the lower end part of the bent plate forms an included angle a7 with the flat plate 9, and a7 is 25-40 degrees.
Further, the bent plate 2 comprises an arc section and straight line sections at two ends of the arc section, wherein the straight line section at the upper end is perpendicular to the flat plate 9 and is connected to the flat plate 9, namely perpendicular to the connecting line HL, and the straight line section at the lower end forms an included angle a7 with the connecting line LH, under the condition that space allows, the larger the included angle a7 is, the larger the formed box-shaped section is, the better the bearing capacity is, but an excessively large included angle can cause the bent plate 2 to interfere with the connecting rod 2, and the recommended size of a7 is 30-50 °. The overall dimensions of the bent plate 2 do not exceed the limits enclosed by the straight line segments AB, BL, LH, AH.
Note that FH forms one of the boundaries of the side blade plate 3; the flat plate 9 has a starting point of L point based on the contour line HL, and an end point thereof does not reach the H point, and the thickness of the bent plate 2 and a reserved weld joint welding space are separated between the end point and the H point.
In addition, the contour of the lug plate 1 of the excavator bucket is as shown in fig. 5, the lug plate 1 is provided with circular arc sections formed around a rotation point a and a hinge point B respectively, the circular arc section contour of the lug plate 1 can be obtained by drawing circular arcs with A, B points as circle centers respectively, a straight line segment BL can be used as a reference contour of the lower edge of the lug plate 1, and a point G is used as a reference point of the upper edge of the lug plate.
In addition, the excavator bucket also comprises a tooth 8 and a side guard 6 (shown in figures 2-4) on the side blade plate 3, wherein the specific size or dimension of the tooth 8 can be changed according to the requirement.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a method for designing an excavator bucket, the excavator bucket having the structure as described above, and comprising a lug plate 1, a flat plate 9, a bottom plate 4, a main blade plate 7, and two side plates 5, wherein the flat plate 9, the bottom plate 4, and the main blade plate 7 are connected in sequence, the two side plates 5 are respectively connected to two sides of the bottom plate 4, the lug plate 1 is fixed to one end of the bucket having the flat plate 9, and the lug plate 1 has a turning point a for turning the bucket, the method comprising (with reference to fig. 5 and 6):
determining the section contour lines of the bottom plate 4 and the main blade plate 7;
the specific steps of determining the section contour line of the main blade plate 7 are as follows: the vertex C connecting the revolution point A and the main blade plate 7 forms a straight line segment AC, wherein the distance of AC is L1;
making a reference contour line CE of the main blade plate 7: taking the point C as a starting point to form a straight line segment CE, wherein the included angle a4 between the straight line segment CE and the straight line segment AC is 63-67 degrees, and the length of the straight line segment CE is L3; wherein the length L1 of the AC, the length L3 of the CE may be determined according to the size of the bucket required (i.e. according to empirical values);
the bottom plate 4 comprises a straight section 41, a first arc section 42 and a second arc section 43 which are connected in sequence, a reference contour line of the straight section 41, the first arc section 42 and the second arc section 43 is made, and the specific steps of determining the reference contour line comprise:
making an extension line of the straight line segment CE and a vertical line of the CE passing through the point A, wherein the extension line of the CE and the vertical line passing through the point A intersect at a point I to form a contour line EI of the straight section 41;
making an arc section IJ which has a radius of R1 and an angle of a5 and is tangent to the EI, wherein the arc section IJ is an outline of the first arc section 42, and a circle center G point of the arc section IJ is positioned on the straight line section AI; preferably, a5 is 33-40 degrees, R1/L1= 0.6-0.85;
making an arc segment JL with the radius of R2 and the angle of a6 and tangent to the arc segment IJ, wherein the arc segment JL is the contour line of the second arc segment 43, and the circle center K point of the arc segment JL is positioned on the straight line segment GJ; preferably, a6 is 122-129 DEG, R2/R1= 0.35-0.55.
According to the relation of the right triangle determined by three points of the AIC, by using the formula cos (a 4) = (L3 + L4)/L1, when the values of a4, L1 and L3 are determined, the length L4 of the EI can be calculated, and is approximately L4/L3= 0.9-1.2.
The method further comprises determining the contour line of the flat plate 9, and the steps specifically comprise:
and (3) making a vertical line of the straight line segment LK, wherein the vertical line and the straight line segment AI are intersected at a point H to form a straight line segment LH tangent to the circular arc segment JL, and the contour line of the flat plate 9 is positioned on the straight line segment LH. Note that the plate 9 has the L point as a start point based on the contour line HL, and its end point does not reach the H point.
The ear plate 1 is also provided with a hinge point B for connecting the excavator bucket with the connecting rod;
the method further comprises determining the hinge point B; wherein, the included angle between the straight line segment AB and the AC is a1, and the length of the AB is L2. The angle a1 and the length L2 may be determined empirically. Preferably, a1 is 83 ° to 86 °.
The side plates 5 on two sides of the excavator are provided with side blade plates 3, and the method further comprises the following steps: determining the boundary line of the side edge plate 3 and the side plate 5;
the method comprises the following steps:
taking the point C as a starting point, and making a straight line segment CD perpendicular to the straight line segment AC, wherein the length of the straight line segment CD is equal to that of the CE;
and point B and point D are connected, and point BD is the boundary line between the side blade plate 3 and the side plate 5.
The method further comprises the following steps: determining a top boundary contour of said side blade plate 3, said top boundary comprising a first edge 31 and a second edge 32;
the method comprises the following steps:
making a straight line which passes through the point H and is perpendicular to the HL;
making a straight line through point C and at an angle a3 to AC, the straight line intersecting a straight line through point H perpendicular to HL at point F;
the straight line segment CF forms the contour of the first edge 31 and the straight line segment HF forms the contour of the second edge 32.
Preferably, a3 is 10 ° to 20 °.
The excavator bucket also comprises a bent plate 2, the bent plate 2 is fixed on the outer side of the flat plate 9, and the lug plate 1 is fixed on the bent plate 2;
the method further comprises determining the contour limits of the flexural plate 2;
the contour of the bending plate 2 is located in the boundary enclosed by the straight line segments AB, BL, LH, AH.
The upper end part of the bent plate 2 is perpendicular to the straight line segment HL, the lower end part of the bent plate 2 and the straight line segment HL form an included angle a7, and a7 is 25-40 degrees.
The bent plate 2 specifically comprises an arc section and straight line sections at two ends of the arc section, wherein the straight line section at the upper end is perpendicular to the flat plate 9 and is connected to the flat plate 9, namely perpendicular to the straight line section HL, and the straight line section at the lower end and the straight line section LH form an included angle a 7. under the condition that space allows, the larger the included angle of the a7 is, the larger the formed box-shaped section is, the better the bearing capacity is, but the larger the included angle can cause the bent plate 2 to interfere with the connecting rod 2, and the recommended size of the a7 is 30-50 degrees.
In addition, the contour of the ear plate 1 needs to be determined, the ear plate 1 is provided with a hinge point A, B, the circular arc contour of the ear plate 1 can be obtained by drawing circular arcs with A, B points as the centers, the straight line segment BL can be used as a reference contour of the lower edge of the ear plate 1, and the G point can be used as a reference point of the upper edge of the ear plate.
Based on the reference contour line of the bucket drawn in the above steps and shown in fig. 6, the flat plate 9, the bottom plate 4, and the main blade plate 7 are respectively given with thickness information, the side blade plates 3 and the side plates 5 are formed into a solid, and the bucket drawn based on the reference contour line of the bucket shown in fig. 5 can be obtained after the bucket teeth 8 and the side guard plates 6 are assembled in place.
After the above steps are completed, according to the bucket capacity requirement, the bucket width is adjusted, the bucket teeth 8 and the side guard plates 6 are arranged (as shown in fig. 2-4), and the design of the bucket body can be completed by appropriately chamfering the side guard plates with the structure.
The design method of the bucket provided by the invention can be used for quickly and parametrically designing the bucket, and the design method is suitable for a heavy bucket or a rock bucket for excavating high-impact and high-abrasion materials.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Within the scope of the technical idea of the invention, numerous simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the invention, including combinations of the individual specific technical features in any suitable way. The invention is not described in detail in order to avoid unnecessary repetition. Such simple modifications and combinations should be considered within the scope of the present disclosure as well.

Claims (18)

1. A bucket of an excavator, the bucket comprising an ear plate (1), a flat plate (9), a bottom plate (4), a main blade plate (7) and two side plates (5), the flat plate (9), the bottom plate (4) and the main blade plate (7) are sequentially connected, the two side plates are respectively connected with two sides of the bottom plate (4), the ear plate (1) is fixed at one end of the bucket with the flat plate (9), and the ear plate (1) is provided with a turning point A for the rotation of the bucket, the bucket is characterized in that,
the bottom plate (4) comprises a straight section (41), a first arc section (42) and a second arc section (43) which are sequentially connected, the main blade plate (7) is connected to the straight section (41) and linearly extends from the straight section (41), and the flat plate (9) is connected with the second arc section (43);
wherein an included angle a4 between a connecting line AC of the vertex C of the main cutting board (7) and the rotating point A and the main cutting board (7) is 63-67 degrees;
the included angle between the connecting line AI of the connecting point I of the straight section (41) and the first circular arc section (42) and the revolving point A and the straight section (41) is 85-95 degrees, and the central point G of the first circular arc section (42) is positioned on the connecting line AI;
the included angle between a connecting line LK between a connecting point L of the second arc section (43) and the flat plate (9), the connecting point L is connected with the flat plate (9), and the circle center K of the second arc section (43) and the flat plate (9) is 85-95 degrees.
2. The excavator bucket of claim 1, wherein the relationship between the length L4 of the straight section (41) and the length L3 of the main blade plate (7) is: L4/L3=0.9 ~ 1.2.
3. Excavator bucket according to claim 1, characterized in that the angle a5 of the first circular arc segment (42) is 33 ° -40 °, the relationship between the radius R1 and the length L1 of the connecting line AC being: R1/L1= 0.6-0.85.
4. Excavator bucket according to claim 3, characterized in that the angle a6 of the second circular arc segment (43) is between 122 ° and 129 °, the relationship between the radius R2 and the radius R1 of the first circular arc segment (42) being: R2/R1=0.35 ~ 0.55.
5. Excavator bucket according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the lug (1) is further provided with a hinge point B for the connection of the excavator bucket to the connecting rod (20);
the angle a1 between the connecting line AB of the pivot point A and the hinge point B and the connecting line AC is 83-86 degrees.
6. Excavator bucket according to claim 5, characterized in that a side edge plate (3) is arranged above the side plate (5), the boundary line between the side plate (5) and the side edge plate (3) being the line BD between point D and the hinge point B;
wherein the D point is an end point of a straight line segment CD which is perpendicular to the connecting line AC and has the same length with the main blade plate (7).
7. An excavator bucket according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a side edge plate (3) is provided above the side plate (5), the top profile of the side edge plate (3) comprising a first edge (31) extending from the apex C of the main edge plate (7) in the direction of the flat plate (9) and a second edge (32) connected to the first edge (31);
wherein the first edge (31) and the connection line AC form an included angle a3 of 10-20 DEG, and the second edge (32) extends from an intersection point H, which is an intersection point of the extension line of the flat plate (9) and the connection line AI, in a direction perpendicular to the flat plate (9) and intersects the first edge (31).
8. Excavator bucket according to claim 7, further comprising a bending plate (2), the bending plate (2) being fixed to the outside of the flat plate (9), the ear plate (1) being at least partially fixed to the bending plate (2);
and the lug plate (1) is also provided with a hinge point B for connecting the excavator bucket with the connecting rod (20), and the outline of the bent plate (2) is positioned in a limit surrounded by a connecting line AB of the rotating point A and the hinge point B, a connecting line BL of the hinge point B and a connecting point L of the second circular arc section (43) far away from the main blade plate (7), a connecting line LH of the connecting point L and the intersection point H, and a connecting line AH of the rotating point A and the intersection point H.
9. Excavator bucket according to claim 8, characterized in that the bent plate (2) has an upper end perpendicular to the flat plate (9) and a lower end at an angle a7 to the flat plate (9), a7 being 25 ° to 40 °.
10. A design method of an excavator bucket, the excavator bucket comprises an ear plate (1), a flat plate (9), a bottom plate (4), a main blade plate (7) and two side plates (5), the flat plate (9), the bottom plate (4) and the main blade plate (7) are sequentially connected, the two side plates (5) are respectively connected with two sides of the bottom plate (4), the ear plate (1) is fixed at one end of the bucket with the flat plate (9), and the ear plate (1) is provided with a turning point A for the rotation of the bucket, the design method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
determining the section contour lines of the bottom plate (4) and the main blade plate (7);
the method comprises the following specific steps of determining the section contour line of the main blade plate (7): connecting the revolution point A and the vertex C of the main blade plate (7) to form a straight line segment AC, wherein the distance of AC is L1;
making a reference contour line CE of the main blade plate (7): taking the point C as a starting point to form a straight line segment CE, wherein the included angle a4 between the straight line segment CE and the straight line segment AC is 63-67 degrees, and the length of the straight line segment CE is L3;
bottom plate (4) are including straight section (41), first circular arc section (42) and second circular arc section (43) that connect gradually, do straight section (41), first circular arc section (42) and second circular arc section (43) the benchmark profile line, and the concrete step of confirming this benchmark profile line includes:
making an extension line of the straight line segment CE and a vertical line of the CE passing through the point A, wherein the extension line of the CE and the vertical line passing through the point A intersect at a point I to form a contour line EI of the straight section (41);
making an arc section IJ which has a radius of R1 and an angle of a5 and is tangent to the EI, wherein the arc section IJ is an outline of the first arc section (42), and the circle center G point of the arc section IJ is positioned on the straight line section AI;
and the arc section JL with the radius of R2 and the angle of a6 and tangent to the arc section IJ is made, the arc section JL is the contour line of the second arc section (43), and the circle center K point of the arc section JL is positioned on the straight line section GJ.
11. The excavator bucket design method of claim 10,
a5 is 33-40 degrees, R1/L1= 0.6-0.85; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
a6 is 122-129 DEG, R2/R1= 0.35-0.55.
12. The excavator bucket design method of claim 10, further comprising determining the contour of the plate (9), the steps comprising in particular:
and (3) making a vertical line of the straight line segment LK, wherein the vertical line and the straight line segment AI are intersected at a point H to form a straight line segment LH tangent to the circular arc segment JL, and the contour line of the flat plate (9) is positioned on the straight line segment LH.
13. The excavator bucket design method according to claim 12, characterized in that the ear plate (1) is further provided with a hinge point B for connecting the excavator bucket with the connecting rod (20);
the method further comprises the following steps: determining the hinge point B; wherein, the included angle between the straight line segment AB and the AC is a1, and the length of the AB is L2.
14. The excavator bucket design of claim 13 wherein a1 is 83 ° to 86 °.
15. The excavator bucket design method of claim 13, wherein a side edge plate (3) is provided above the side plate (5), the method further comprising: determining a boundary line between the side edge plate (3) and the side plate (5);
the method comprises the following steps:
taking the point C as a starting point, and making a straight line segment CD perpendicular to the straight line segment AC, wherein the length of the straight line segment CD is equal to that of the CE;
and BD is a boundary line between the side edge plate (3) and the side plate (5).
16. The excavator bucket design method of claim 12, wherein a side edge plate (3) is provided above the side plate (5), the method further comprising: determining a top boundary contour of the side blade plate (3), the top boundary comprising a first edge (31) and a second edge (32);
the method comprises the following steps:
making a straight line which passes through the point H and is perpendicular to the HL;
making a straight line through point C and at an angle a3 to AC, the straight line intersecting a straight line through point H perpendicular to HL at point F;
a straight line section CF forms the contour of the first edge (31) and a straight line section HF forms the contour of the second edge (32).
17. The excavator bucket design method of claim 16 wherein a3 is between 10 ° and 20 °.
18. The excavator bucket design method of claim 13, further comprising a bending plate (2), wherein the bending plate (2) is fixed to the outer side of the flat plate (9), and the ear plate (1) is fixed to the bending plate (2);
the method further comprises the following steps: determining the outline boundary of the bending plate (2);
the contour of the bent plate (2) is positioned in a limit surrounded by straight line segments AB, BL, LH and AH.
CN201910815732.9A 2019-04-18 2019-08-30 Excavator bucket and excavator bucket design method Active CN111827381B (en)

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0868068A (en) * 1994-08-30 1996-03-12 Komatsu Esuto:Kk Bucket for hydraulic shovel
DE29708505U1 (en) * 1997-05-14 1997-09-18 Drago Eng Ag Excavator bucket
CN2709530Y (en) * 2004-03-24 2005-07-13 广西柳工机械股份有限公司 Dipper of reducing wearing back of dipper
CN103857843A (en) * 2013-04-16 2014-06-11 株式会社小松制作所 Excavation scraper bucket and working vehicle
CN206128152U (en) * 2016-10-28 2017-04-26 山河智能装备股份有限公司 Dual -purpose power shovel is just backholing

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0868068A (en) * 1994-08-30 1996-03-12 Komatsu Esuto:Kk Bucket for hydraulic shovel
DE29708505U1 (en) * 1997-05-14 1997-09-18 Drago Eng Ag Excavator bucket
CN2709530Y (en) * 2004-03-24 2005-07-13 广西柳工机械股份有限公司 Dipper of reducing wearing back of dipper
CN103857843A (en) * 2013-04-16 2014-06-11 株式会社小松制作所 Excavation scraper bucket and working vehicle
CN206128152U (en) * 2016-10-28 2017-04-26 山河智能装备股份有限公司 Dual -purpose power shovel is just backholing

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