CN111826846A - Pulse type supercritical fluid printing and dyeing process and device thereof - Google Patents
Pulse type supercritical fluid printing and dyeing process and device thereof Download PDFInfo
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
- D06B3/00—Passing of textile materials through liquids, gases or vapours to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing, impregnating
- D06B3/04—Passing of textile materials through liquids, gases or vapours to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing, impregnating of yarns, threads or filaments
- D06B3/09—Passing of textile materials through liquids, gases or vapours to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing, impregnating of yarns, threads or filaments as packages, e.g. cheeses
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
- D06B9/00—Solvent-treatment of textile materials
- D06B9/06—Solvent-treatment of textile materials with recovery of the solvent
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
- D06B13/00—Treatment of textile materials with liquids, gases or vapours with aid of vibration
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
- D06B23/00—Component parts, details, or accessories of apparatus or machines, specially adapted for the treating of textile materials, not restricted to a particular kind of apparatus, provided for in groups D06B1/00 - D06B21/00
- D06B23/14—Containers, e.g. vats
- D06B23/18—Sealing arrangements
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
- D06B23/00—Component parts, details, or accessories of apparatus or machines, specially adapted for the treating of textile materials, not restricted to a particular kind of apparatus, provided for in groups D06B1/00 - D06B21/00
- D06B23/20—Arrangements of apparatus for treating processing-liquids, -gases or -vapours, e.g. purification, filtration or distillation
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
- D06P1/94—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using dyes dissolved in solvents which are in the supercritical state
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P5/00—Other features in dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form
- D06P5/20—Physical treatments affecting dyeing, e.g. ultrasonic or electric
- D06P5/2044—Textile treatments at a pression higher than 1 atm
- D06P5/2055—Textile treatments at a pression higher than 1 atm during dyeing
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P5/00—Other features in dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form
- D06P5/20—Physical treatments affecting dyeing, e.g. ultrasonic or electric
- D06P5/2066—Thermic treatments of textile materials
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P7/00—Dyeing or printing processes combined with mechanical treatment
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
- D06B2700/00—Treating of textile materials, e.g. bleaching, dyeing, mercerising, impregnating, washing; Fulling of fabrics
- D06B2700/36—Devices or methods for dyeing, washing or bleaching not otherwise provided for
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
- Y02P70/62—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product related technologies for production or treatment of textile or flexible materials or products thereof, including footwear
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a pulse supercritical fluid printing and dyeing process and a device thereof, wherein the printing and dyeing process comprises the following steps: (1) converting the liquid super-fluid into a super-fluid; (2) mixing the supercritical fluid and the three-primary-color dye to form a dye solution; (3) injecting dye liquor into a dyeing kettle by using a pulse type injector, dyeing a spindle from a spindle inlet end under the action of an ultrasonic generator and a bidirectional circulating pump, and delivering the dyed spindle from a spindle outlet end after the dyed spindle is mature; (4) returning the dye liquor discharged from the dyeing kettle to a dye tank for recycling; or separating and purifying the discharged dye liquor into liquid fluid and dye for recycling or storing for later use. The pulse type supercritical fluid printing and dyeing process and the device thereof provided by the invention can realize the optimal dye liquor conveying condition by adopting pulse type conveying, and improve the uniformity of printing and dyeing and the efficiency of printing and dyeing; and the printing and dyeing process is environment-friendly, clean in production, good in economic benefit and remarkable in environmental benefit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of printing and dyeing, in particular to a pulse type supercritical fluid printing and dyeing process and a device thereof.
Background
The supercritical fluid printing and dyeing technology is a novel printing and dyeing technology for dyeing and processing fabrics by using supercritical fluid CO under a supercritical condition, has the comprehensive cost of energy consumption and the like lower than that of a conventional dyeing technology, has the technical advantages of no water, emission reduction and energy conservation, and is a novel industrial production technology with development prospect.
However, the existing supercritical fluid printing and dyeing technology generally has the following defects: a. the existing supercritical printing and dyeing process only realizes semi-continuity, and a dyeing kettle does not have heat preservation and insulation measures, so that a large amount of heat is lost in the process flow; b. the existing dyeing process is only provided with a one-way circulating pump, so that the uniformity of product dyeing has certain problems; c. the existing dyeing auxiliary agent does not exert the optimal dyeing assisting effect; d. the existing supercritical carbon dioxide printing and dyeing process is not effectively combined with the action of ultrasound; e. the residual dye liquor after dyeing is not recycled and reused for continuous and cyclic production. The defects of the prior art cause the prior supercritical carbon dioxide printing and dyeing process to be in the states of low efficiency, high energy consumption, high cost and low benefit, and have the problems of substandard product uniformity and long equipment.
The prior published patent CN10565415A discloses a supercritical carbon dioxide printing and dyeing process and a printing and dyeing system thereof, which comprises the following steps: (1) converting the liquid carbon dioxide to supercritical carbon dioxide; (2) mixing supercritical carbon dioxide and a dye to form a dye solution; (3) introducing the dye solution into a dyeing kettle, and dyeing the spindle from the spindle feeding end under the action of ultrasonic waves and bidirectional circulation; (4) collecting the residual dye liquor after dyeing, decompressing and separating, and respectively purifying and drying the separated dye and supercritical carbon dioxide for recycling. But still has the problem of uneven distribution of the velocity field, the concentration field and the temperature field of the dyeing solution, so that the dyeing uniformity is not high.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: aiming at the defects in the prior art, a pulse type supercritical fluid printing and dyeing process and a device thereof are provided.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the first aspect of the invention provides a pulse type supercritical fluid printing and dyeing process, which comprises the following steps:
(1) after the liquid carbon dioxide or the liquid nitrogen is pressurized and heated, the liquid carbon dioxide or the liquid nitrogen is converted into supercritical carbon dioxide or supercritical nitrogen;
(2) respectively mixing supercritical carbon dioxide or supercritical nitrogen with three primary colors dyes in a dye tank according to a certain proportion to form a dye solution;
(3) injecting dye liquor into the dyeing kettle from the top and/or the bottom of the dyeing kettle respectively by using a pulse type injector, dyeing the spindle from the spindle inlet end under the action of an ultrasonic generator and a bidirectional circulating pump, and delivering the spindle from the spindle outlet end after the spindle is dyed to be mature;
(4) returning the dye liquor discharged from the dyeing kettle to a dye tank for recycling; or separating and purifying the discharged dye solution into liquid carbon dioxide or liquid nitrogen and dye, and recycling or storing the liquid carbon dioxide or liquid nitrogen as the liquid carbon dioxide raw material or liquid nitrogen raw material in the step (1) and the dye raw material in the step (2) for later use.
Further, in the step (1), a pressurizing unit is adopted to pressurize the pressure of the carbon dioxide to be more than 16MPa, and a heating unit is adopted to heat the temperature of the carbon dioxide to be more than 80 ℃; and pressurizing the nitrogen to be more than 3.4MPa by adopting a pressurizing unit, and heating the nitrogen to be more than 20 ℃ by adopting a heating unit.
Further, the step (2) also comprises adding a dyeing assistant into the dye solution.
Further, in the step (3), the dyeing kettle is at least divided into one section along the length direction, and each section of the dyeing kettle is provided with the pulse type injector, the ultrasonic generator and the bidirectional circulating pump.
Further preferably, the pulse type injector is respectively connected with a plurality of liquid inlet holes which are sequentially arranged at the top and/or the bottom of each section of the dyeing kettle.
Furthermore, two ends of the bidirectional circulating pump are respectively connected with the pulse type injector and the dyeing kettle through Y-shaped interfaces, and the two Y-shaped interfaces are respectively positioned at the liquid inlet holes at two ends of the bottom of each section of the dyeing kettle.
Further, the step (3) also comprises the step of carrying out heat preservation and insulation treatment on the dyeing kettle in the dyeing process.
In a second aspect of the invention, there is provided a pulsed supercritical fluid dyeing apparatus according to the above process, comprising: superfluid holding vessel, three primary colors jar, dyestuff jar, impulse generator, dyeing cauldron, dyestuff collection tank, decompression cooling unit and extraction separation unit, wherein:
the supercritical fluid storage tank is connected with the dye tank through the three-primary-color tank sequentially through a filtering unit, a drying unit, a heating unit and a pressurizing unit by virtue of pipelines, so that carbon dioxide or nitrogen in the supercritical fluid storage tank is converted into supercritical carbon dioxide or supercritical nitrogen after pressurization and heating treatment, and the supercritical carbon dioxide or supercritical nitrogen is respectively mixed with the three-primary-color dyes in the three-primary-color tank in a certain proportion in the dye tank to form dye liquor;
the dyeing tank is connected with the dyeing kettle through an auxiliary agent tank, a flowmeter and a plurality of pulse type injectors connected in parallel in sequence through pipelines, each pulse type injector is respectively connected with a plurality of liquid inlet holes sequentially arranged at the top and/or the bottom of each section of dyeing kettle, and is used for feeding dye liquor into each section of dyeing kettle through the pulse type injectors in a pulse type injection mode to dye spindles from a spindle feeding end; a dual-core ultrasonic generator and a dual-direction circulating pump are arranged on each section of the dyeing kettle, two ends of the dual-direction circulating pump are respectively connected with the pulse type injector and the dyeing kettle through Y-shaped interfaces, and the two Y-shaped interfaces are respectively positioned at the liquid inlet holes at two ends of the bottom of each section of the dyeing kettle;
the bottom of the dyeing kettle is connected with the dye tank through a pipeline so as to enable the residual dye liquor discharged by the dyeing kettle to flow back to the dye tank for recycling; or the bottom of the dyeing kettle is connected with the dye collecting tank through a pipeline, so that the residual dye liquor after dyeing in the dyeing kettle is collected in the dye collecting tank, and is subjected to separation and purification treatment to obtain liquid carbon dioxide or liquid nitrogen and dye, and then the liquid carbon dioxide or liquid nitrogen and dye are respectively conveyed to the superfluid storage tank and the dye tank through pipelines for cyclic utilization or storage for later use.
Further, the bottom of the dyeing kettle is connected with the decompression cooling unit through the dye collecting tank through a pipeline so as to collect the residual dye liquor dyed in the dyeing kettle in the dye collecting tank, and the decompression and separation treatment is carried out on the residual dye liquor through the decompression cooling unit;
the top end of the decompression cooling unit is connected with the superfluid storage tank through a purification unit, a filtering unit and a drying unit in sequence through pipelines so as to send the separated carbon dioxide gas or nitrogen gas into the superfluid storage tank for recycling; and
the bottom end of the decompression cooling unit is connected with the extraction separation unit through a pipeline so as to extract the separated dye liquor, the extracted dye is sent into the dye tank for recycling, and/or the extracted auxiliary agent is sent into the auxiliary agent tank for recycling.
Furthermore, the dyeing kettle is composed of a pipeline of 24-25 meters, and a heat preservation and insulation layer is coated on the dyeing kettle; and is divided into four sections along the length direction, and each section of the dyeing kettle is provided with the pulse type injector, the ultrasonic generator and the bidirectional circulating pump.
Furthermore, liquid inlet holes are respectively formed in the positions 1000mm, 3000mm and 5000mm away from the top and the bottom of the ingot feeding end of the dyeing kettle, and the liquid inlet holes are connected with the pulse type ejector through pipelines.
Furthermore, liquid discharge holes are respectively formed at positions 375mm, 625mm, 875mm and 1125mm away from the bottom of the spindle outlet end of the dyeing kettle, and the liquid discharge holes are connected with the dye collecting tank through pipelines.
Furthermore, the liquid discharge hole and the liquid inlet hole are in a large-small head structure and both consist of an upper hole and a lower hole, the height of the upper hole is 20-30mm, and the diameter of the upper hole is 25-30 mm; the height of the lower hole is 8-12mm, and the diameter is 3-8 mm.
By adopting the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
(1) the pulse supercritical fluid printing and dyeing device completes a group of forward and reverse circulation by configuring a bidirectional circulating pump and taking 4-5 minutes as a unit, thereby improving the dyeing uniformity of products; configuring a pulse type injection machine, and performing pulse type injection of dyes at the upper end and the lower end of a group at the same time by taking 0.5-1 minute as a unit; meanwhile, the same-frequency ultrasonic waves are added, so that the activity of dye molecules and dyeing-assisting molecules is improved, the diffusion and adsorption processes of the dye molecules are accelerated, and the dyeing efficiency is improved;
(2) the pulse type supercritical fluid printing and dyeing device adopts the Y-shaped interface to simultaneously connect the pulse type injection machine, the bidirectional circulating pump and the dyeing kettle, and the bidirectional circulating pump can accelerate the fluidity of the dye solution and improve the uniformity of the dye solution injected by the pulse type injection machine and the original dye solution in the dyeing kettle no matter the bidirectional circulating pump circulates in the positive direction or the negative direction, thereby preventing color difference, improving the uniformity of dyeing and improving the product quality;
(3) according to the pulse supercritical fluid printing and dyeing device, the auxiliary agent is added into the dissolved dye solution, so that the dyeing process is faster, and the adsorption of the spindle to the dye is stronger; one spindle can be successfully dyed within 30min, and the spindle enters the product collecting trolley from the spindle outlet end at the time interval of about 18 seconds;
(4) according to the pulse type supercritical fluid printing and dyeing device, the residual dye liquid collector is additionally arranged at the spindle outlet end, holes are respectively formed at positions 375mm, 625mm, 875mm and 1125mm away from the spindle outlet end to be connected with the residual dye liquid collector to collect residual dye liquid, supercritical carbon dioxide or supercritical nitrogen is separated from dye and auxiliaries through the pressure reduction separation device, the dye and the auxiliaries are separated in an extraction mode, and then the supercritical carbon dioxide or supercritical nitrogen, the dye and the auxiliaries are respectively purified and dried and then circulated to the raw material bin; the process for printing and dyeing by using the supercritical carbon dioxide can realize green, environment-friendly, clean production, recycling, high yield and low cost;
(5) the existing dye liquor feeding mode is pressure conveying, the pulse type supercritical fluid dyeing device adopts pulse type conveying, the pulse frequency is changed according to different printed and dyed materials, different time periods in the dyeing process and different sections in a dyeing kettle, and the pulse frequency is accurately regulated and controlled from time to time, so that the optimal dye liquor conveying condition is achieved; the pulse type conveying is also beneficial to increasing the chaos degree of the dye liquor in the dyeing kettle, simultaneously enhances the convection of the dye liquor, and can improve the uniformity and efficiency of printing and dyeing;
(6) the pulse supercritical fluid printing and dyeing device has the advantages that the pressure born by the pulse supercritical fluid printing and dyeing device is reduced by 30-46%, and compared with the common equipment, the printing and dyeing temperature is reduced by 25-33%, so that the equipment cost and the heat supply cost are greatly reduced; compared with the printing and dyeing efficiency of the existing process equipment, the printing and dyeing efficiency is improved by 16-33%; because of the configuration of the dual-core ultrasonic wave, the dyeing is more uniform, the color difference of the inner and outer coils is greatly reduced, and the color fastness of the fabric is improved and can reach 5 grades at most.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of a pulsed supercritical fluid printing and dyeing process of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the ingot feeding end of an 1/4 dyeing kettle in a pulse supercritical fluid printing and dyeing process of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic partial enlarged view of a portion A of the ingot feeding end of the dyeing kettle shown in FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an ingot outlet end of a dyeing kettle in a pulse supercritical fluid printing and dyeing process of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic partial enlarged structural view of a part B in the spindle outlet end of the dyeing kettle shown in FIG. 2;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a Y-shaped interface in a pulsed supercritical fluid printing and dyeing process according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a yarn package in a pulsed supercritical fluid dyeing process according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a graph showing the diffusion profile of dye in a fiber during a pulsed supercritical fluid dyeing process according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail and specifically with reference to the following examples to facilitate better understanding of the present invention, but the following examples do not limit the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a pulsed supercritical fluid printing apparatus, including: the dye liquor comprises a superfluid storage tank, three primary color tanks, a dye tank, a pulse generator, a dyeing kettle, a dye collecting tank, a pressure reduction cooling unit and an extraction separation unit, wherein the three primary color tanks comprise a red tank, a yellow tank and a blue tank which are arranged in parallel, red, yellow and blue three primary color dyes are respectively arranged in the red tank, the yellow tank and the blue tank, and the red, yellow and blue three primary color dyes are respectively arranged according to a certain proportion and are respectively mixed with supercritical carbon dioxide to form dye liquor with a specific color. The dyeing kettle is composed of a pipeline of 24-25 meters, and a heat preservation and insulation layer is coated on the dyeing kettle; and is divided into four sections along the length direction, and each section of the dyeing kettle is provided with the pulse type injector, the ultrasonic generator and the bidirectional circulating pump.
In this embodiment, referring to fig. 1, the super-fluid storage tank is connected to the dye tank through the three primary color tank sequentially via a filtering unit, a drying unit, a heating unit and a pressurizing unit via a pipeline, so as to convert carbon dioxide or nitrogen in the super-fluid storage tank into supercritical carbon dioxide or supercritical nitrogen after pressurization and heating treatment, and mix the supercritical carbon dioxide or supercritical nitrogen with the three primary color dyes in the three primary color tank in a certain ratio in the dye tank to form a dye solution.
In this embodiment, please refer to fig. 1, the dye tank is connected to the dyeing kettle sequentially through an auxiliary tank, a flow meter and a plurality of pulse type injectors connected in parallel through a pipeline, each pulse type injector is connected to a plurality of liquid inlet holes sequentially arranged at the top and/or the bottom of each section of the dyeing kettle respectively, and is used for feeding dye liquor into each section of the dyeing kettle in a pulse type injection manner through the pulse type injector to dye spindles from a spindle inlet end; every section be provided with a binuclear ultrasonic wave generating device and a bidirectional circulating pump on the dyeing kettle, the both ends of bidirectional circulating pump adopt Y shape interface connection respectively pulsed injector with the dyeing kettle, and two Y shape interface is located every section respectively dyeing kettle bottom both ends inlet opening department.
In this embodiment, please refer to fig. 1, the bottom of the dyeing kettle is connected to the dye tank through a pipeline, so as to return the residual dye solution discharged from the dyeing kettle to the dye tank for recycling; or the bottom of the dyeing kettle is connected with the dye collecting tank through a pipeline, so that the residual dye liquor after dyeing in the dyeing kettle is collected in the dye collecting tank, and is subjected to separation and purification treatment to obtain liquid carbon dioxide or liquid nitrogen and dye, and then the liquid carbon dioxide or liquid nitrogen and dye are respectively conveyed to the superfluid storage tank and the dye tank through pipelines for cyclic utilization or storage for later use.
In this embodiment, please refer to fig. 1, the bottom of the dyeing kettle is connected to the decompression cooling unit through the dye collecting tank via a pipeline, so as to collect the residual dye solution dyed in the dyeing kettle in the dye collecting tank, and the decompression cooling unit decompresses and separates the residual dye solution; the top end of the decompression cooling unit is connected with the superfluid storage tank through a purification unit, a filtering unit and a drying unit in sequence through pipelines so as to send the separated carbon dioxide gas or nitrogen gas into the superfluid storage tank for recycling; and the bottom end of the decompression cooling unit is connected with the extraction separation unit through a pipeline so as to extract the separated dye liquor, the extracted dye is sent into the dye tank for recycling, and/or the extracted auxiliary agent is sent into the auxiliary agent tank for recycling.
Referring to fig. 2-3, a structural schematic diagram of a quarter length dyeing kettle is shown, wherein the dyeing kettle is at least divided into one section along the length direction. Specifically, the total length of the dyeing kettle is 24-25m, the dyeing kettle is divided into 4 sections along the length direction, the length L16 of each section of the dyeing kettle is 5000-7000mm, preferably 6000mm, and the outer diameter R1 of each section of the dyeing kettle is 220-280mm, preferably 245 mm; the inner diameter R2 of each section of the dyeing kettle is 150-210mm, and is preferably 175 mm. The pulse type injector is respectively connected with the positions L11, L13 and L15 away from the top and the bottom of the dyeing inlet end of each dyeing kettle, and liquid inlet holes are sequentially formed in the positions L11 is 1200mm away from the inlet end, preferably 1000mm away from the inlet end; the L13 is located 2800-3200mm from the inlet end, preferably 3000mm, the L15 is located 400-5200mm from the inlet end, preferably 5000 mm.
As a preferred technical scheme, the pulse type injector is respectively connected to the top and the top of the dyeing kettle at the positions of 1000mm, 3000mm and 5000mm, 6 liquid inlet holes are formed in total, each liquid inlet hole is in a big-end and small-end structure and is formed by an upper hole and a lower hole, and the total height R3 of each liquid inlet hole is 30-40mm, preferably 35 mm; the height of the upper hole is R4 and is 20-30mm, preferably 25 mm; the diameter R7 of the upper hole is 25-30mm, preferably 26.1; the upper hole is open, the opening angle is 60 degrees, and the opening height R8 is 2-3mm, preferably 2.39 mm. The height R6 of the lower hole is 8-12mm, preferably 9 mm; the diameter R5 of the lower hole is 3-8mm, preferably 6 mm.
As a preferable technical scheme, two ends of the bidirectional circulating pump are respectively connected with the lower ends of the ingot feeding ends L11-1000mm and L15-5000mm of each section of the dyeing kettle, two ends of the bidirectional circulating pump are respectively communicated with the pulse type injector and the dyeing kettle through Y-shaped interfaces, two interfaces in the double-port direction on each Y-shaped interface are connected with the bidirectional circulating pump and the pulse type injector, and one interface in the single-port direction on each Y-shaped interface is connected with liquid inlet holes at two ends of the bottom of the dyeing kettle.
As a preferred technical scheme, the pulse supercritical fluid printing and dyeing process and the device thereof of the embodiment aim at the defect that the uniformity of product dyeing has a certain problem because only a unidirectional circulation pump is configured on the existing dyeing kettle and the dye is injected from top to bottom in a unidirectional continuous manner. 4 bidirectional circulating pumps are sequentially arranged on the dyeing kettle, and a group of forward and reverse circulation is completed in 4-5 minutes, so that the dyeing uniformity of the product is improved; 4 pulse injection machines are configured to complete simultaneous pulse injection of dye at the upper end and the lower end of a group in 0.5-1 minute; 4 same-frequency ultrasonic waves are configured, so that the activity of dye molecules and dyeing assisting molecules is improved, the diffusion and adsorbed processes of the dye molecules are accelerated, and the dyeing efficiency is improved.
Referring to fig. 1, on the whole dyeing kettle, each section of the dyeing kettle is provided with the pulse injector, the ultrasonic generator and the two-way circulating pump, and four sections of the dyeing kettle are provided with four two-way circulating pumps, so that 8Y-shaped interfaces are additionally arranged in total, and 2 dyeing kettles are arranged on each section of the dyeing kettle. An axial included angle between two interfaces in the double-port direction on the Y-shaped interface is 90 degrees, and the length Y1 of the interface in the single-port direction on the Y-shaped interface is 40-60mm, preferably 50 mm; the length Y2 of the two interfaces in the direction of the two ports on the Y-shaped interface is 70-90mm, preferably 80 mm; the inner diameter Y3 of the three interfaces on the Y-shaped interface is 15-25mm, preferably 20 mm; the outer diameter Y4 of the three ports on the Y-shaped port is 20-30mm, and preferably 26 mm. Two interfaces in the direction of the two ports of the Y-shaped interface are respectively and tightly matched with the pulse type injector and the connecting pipe of the bidirectional circulating pump in an interference manner. The connecting pipe of the Y-shaped interface and the pulse type injector is provided with a one-way valve; and a two-way valve is arranged on a connecting pipe of the Y-shaped interface and the two-way circulating pump, and the switch of the two-way valve is automatically regulated and controlled according to the output direction of the two-way circulating pump.
In this embodiment, please refer to fig. 6, the interfaces corresponding to the two interfaces of the Y-shaped interface are in a single-port direction, the single-port direction of the Y-shaped interface is tightly fitted to the inlets at the lower ends of the dyeing kettle at the positions of 1000mm and 5000mm in an interference manner, and the tight fitting with the interference can prevent leakage of high-pressure liquid better than threaded connection. Adopt the biggest advantage of Y shape interface to be can connect pulsed syringe and two-way circulating pump simultaneously, no matter two-way circulating pump is to positive direction or negative direction circulation can all accelerate the mobility of dye liquor and improve the homogeneity of the original dye liquor in the dye liquor that is injected by the pulsed syringe and the dyeing cauldron, prevent the colour difference, thereby improve the homogeneity of dyeing, improve product quality, also can reduce the trompil quantity on the dyeing cauldron, can reduce the flow resistance to high-pressure liquid than ordinary tee bend interface simultaneously, thereby improve equipment's security, in addition, Y shape interface and two-way valve synergism can prevent because of the influence and the damage of the dye liquor of pulsed injection to two-way circulating pump, thereby improve equipment stability and life.
In the embodiment, please refer to fig. 3-4, which are directed to the defect that the existing spindle discharging end is not provided with a residual dye solution collector, which makes it difficult to recycle the waste materials and has a high cost. A residual dye liquor collecting tank is additionally arranged at the spindle outlet end of the dyeing kettle; liquid discharge holes are respectively formed at positions L21, L22, L23 and L24 which are away from the bottom of the spindle outlet end of the dyeing kettle, wherein the position L21 is 400mm away from the spindle outlet end, preferably 375 mm; the L22 is at a distance of 600-650mm from the ingot outlet end, preferably at a distance of 625 mm; the L23 is positioned at a distance of 850-900mm from the ingot outlet end, preferably at a position of 875 mm; the L24 is located 1150mm, preferably 1125mm from the spindle outlet end 1100-. Namely, as a preferred embodiment, the four liquid discharge holes are sequentially arranged at the positions 375mm, 625mm, 875mm and 1125mm away from the spindle outlet end at the bottom of the dyeing kettle respectively, and each liquid discharge hole is connected with the dye tank and the dye collecting tank through a pipeline. The liquid discharge hole and the liquid inlet hole are the same in structure and are both in a large-small head structure. The total height R3 of the liquid discharge hole is 30-40mm, preferably 35 mm; the height of the upper hole is R4 and is 20-30mm, preferably 25 mm; the diameter R7 of the upper hole is 25-30mm, preferably 26.1; the upper hole is open, the opening angle is 60 degrees, and the opening height R8 is 2-3mm, preferably 2.39 mm. The height R6 of the lower hole is 8-12mm, preferably 9 mm; the diameter R5 of the lower hole is 3-8mm, preferably 6 mm.
In this embodiment, as a preferred technical scheme, still be provided with the manometer on the dyeing kettle, the manometer is installed respectively at the opening of the upper end of 2000mm, 4000mm department apart from every section of dyeing kettle dyeing entry end, and the manometer is used for monitoring the pressure variation in the dyeing kettle. The dyeing process adopted by the embodiment can successfully dye one spindle within 30min, and the spindle enters the product collecting unit from the spindle outlet end at the time interval of about 18 seconds.
The pulse supercritical fluid printing and dyeing device provided by the embodiment overcomes the defect that a large amount of heat is lost in the process flow because the existing dyeing kettle does not have a heat preservation and insulation measure, and the dyeing kettle is additionally provided with the heat preservation and insulation layer, so that the heat loss in the printing and dyeing process engineering is reduced, the temperature stability in the printing and dyeing process is ensured, the energy consumption is reduced, and the printing and dyeing quality and efficiency are improved.
Compared with the existing supercritical carbon dioxide printing and dyeing technology, the pulse supercritical fluid printing and dyeing device provided by the embodiment has obvious advantages. The best effect comprehensively achieved by the existing supercritical carbon dioxide printing and dyeing technology is that the minimum printing and dyeing pressure is about 16-18 Mpa, and the printing and dyeing pressure of common equipment is 20-30 Mpa; the printing and dyeing temperature is about 110 ℃ at the lowest, and the printing and dyeing temperature of general equipment is 120-135 ℃; the printing and dyeing time is about 35-45 minutes. The best effect achieved by adopting pulse supercritical nitrogen fluid printing and dyeing is that the printing and dyeing pressure is about 3.4Mpa at the minimum, the printing and dyeing temperature is about 20 ℃ at the minimum, and the printing and dyeing time is about 35-45 minutes.
Compared with the existing common equipment, the pulse supercritical fluid printing and dyeing device provided by the embodiment of the invention has the advantages that the pressure born by the pulse supercritical fluid printing and dyeing device is reduced by 30% -46%, and compared with the printing and dyeing temperature of the existing common equipment, the pulse supercritical fluid printing and dyeing device is reduced by 25% -33%, so that the equipment cost and the heat supply cost are greatly reduced; compared with the prior art, the printing and dyeing efficiency is improved by 16-33%. Due to the configuration of the dual-core ultrasonic wave, dyeing is more uniform, the color difference of inner and outer coils is greatly reduced, and the color fastness of the fabric is improved to be up to 5 grade.
The pulse supercritical fluid printing and dyeing device has the working principle that: liquid carbon dioxide or liquid nitrogen sequentially passes through a heating unit, a pressurizing unit, a dyeing tank, an auxiliary agent tank and a feeding pump from a superfluid storage tank and then is injected into a dyeing kettle in a supercritical state through a pulse type injector, incoming materials from an ingot feeding end are dyed under the combined action of ultrasonic waves, bidirectional circulation and auxiliary agents, and a heat insulation layer is sleeved on the periphery of the dyeing kettle; after the spindle is dyed and matured, the spindle leaves from the spindle outlet end and enters a product collecting trolley to be carried to the next procedure; dye liquor discharged from the dyeing kettle flows back to the dye tank for recycling; or separating and purifying the discharged dye solution into liquid carbon dioxide liquid nitrogen and dye, and recycling or storing the liquid carbon dioxide or liquid nitrogen and dye as the liquid carbon dioxide raw material or the liquid nitrogen and dye raw material for later use. The dyeing dye conveying device has the advantages of no generation of dyeing wastewater and other wastes, capability of realizing green environmental protection and clean production, good economic benefit and remarkable environmental benefit, and can realize the purposes of recycling, flow production, yield improvement and industrial cost reduction.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 1, based on the above pulsed supercritical fluid dyeing apparatus, the present embodiment provides a pulsed supercritical fluid dyeing process suitable for first dyeing or continuous dyeing of a same product on a printed matter, which includes the following steps: (1) liquid carbon dioxide or liquid nitrogen passes through a filtering unit, a drying unit, a heating unit and a pressurizing unit from a super-fluid storage tank in sequence, is subjected to pressurization and heating treatment, and is converted into supercritical carbon dioxide or supercritical nitrogen; (2) respectively introducing the converted supercritical carbon dioxide or supercritical nitrogen into a red tank, a yellow tank and a blue tank of a three-primary-color tank to be mixed with red, yellow and blue dyes, and then introducing the mixed dyes into a dye tank according to a certain proportion to be mixed according to the requirement of spindle dyeing to form dye liquor; (3) injecting dye liquor into the dyeing kettle from liquid inlet holes at the top and the bottom of the dyeing kettle respectively by using a pulse type injector, dyeing the spindle from the spindle inlet end under the combined action of an ultrasonic generator and a bidirectional circulating pump, sleeving a heat insulation layer on the periphery of the dyeing kettle, sending the spindle out from the spindle outlet end after the spindle is dyed to be mature, and carrying the spindle into a product collecting unit to a next process; (4) and (4) directly reflowing the dye liquor discharged from the dyeing kettle to a dye tank to enter a printing and dyeing cycle without being collected by a dye collector, and recycling.
In this embodiment, in step (1), when carbon dioxide is used as the printing and dyeing medium, the pressure of carbon dioxide is increased to 16MPa or more by using a pressure increasing unit, and the temperature of carbon dioxide is required to be increased to 80 ℃ or more by using a heating unit; and when nitrogen is used as a printing and dyeing medium, the nitrogen is pressurized to be more than 3.4MPa by adopting a pressurizing unit, and the nitrogen is heated to be more than 20 ℃ by adopting a heating unit. That is, the carbon dioxide or nitrogen is converted into supercritical carbon dioxide or supercritical nitrogen by the pressurizing unit and the heating unit, the pressurizing unit employs a booster pump, and the heating unit employs a heater.
In this embodiment, the step (2) further includes adding a dyeing assistant into the dye solution, the adopted dyeing assistant is suitable for supercritical carbon dioxide printing, and the dyeing assistant in the remaining dye solution can be separated from supercritical dioxide or supercritical nitrogen and dye to realize recycling.
In this embodiment, the working power of the ultrasonic generator in step (3) is 600W, so as to perform ultrasonic treatment on the dye liquor and the spindle in the dyeing kettle, and the ultrasonic generator adopts a dual-core ultrasonic generating device; the ultrasonic generator is arranged on the dyeing kettle, so that the activity of dye molecules and dyeing assisting molecules can be improved, the diffusion and adsorbed processes of the dye molecules are accelerated, and the dyeing efficiency is improved. In addition, a bidirectional circulating pump is arranged on the dyeing kettle, so that forward and reverse bidirectional circulation of the dye in the dyeing kettle can be realized, the dyeing uniformity of the product is improved, and a set of forward and reverse circulation processes are completed within 4-5 minutes; and the bidirectional circulating pump can be used for regulating the speed, and the circulating speed of the dye liquor can be regulated for different fabrics. Specifically, the dye liquor is circulated in the dyeing kettle at a speed of 2.4m/min by using a bidirectional circulating pump, and the spindle advances in the dyeing kettle at a range of 1.2m/min and is dyed.
In this embodiment, the spindle to be dyed in step (3) is heated, swelled and dried before entering the dyeing kettle, so as to improve the dyeing speed and the dyeing quality of the dye in the dyeing kettle. In addition, the step (3) further comprises the step of carrying out heat preservation and insulation treatment on the dyeing kettle in the dyeing process, wherein the heat preservation and insulation are realized by arranging a heat preservation and insulation sleeve askew in the dyeing kettle, and the heat preservation and insulation design can reduce heat loss and improve the stability of the dyeing temperature in the dyeing process, thereby improving the economic benefit and reducing the energy consumption.
Example 3
Referring to fig. 1, unlike the embodiment 2, the embodiment provides a pulsed supercritical fluid printing and dyeing process suitable for printing and dyeing product shutdown based on the pulsed supercritical fluid printing and dyeing apparatus, which includes the following steps: (1) liquid carbon dioxide or liquid nitrogen passes through a filtering unit, a drying unit, a heating unit and a pressurizing unit from a super-fluid storage tank in sequence, is subjected to pressurization and heating treatment, and is converted into supercritical carbon dioxide or supercritical nitrogen; (2) respectively introducing the converted supercritical carbon dioxide or supercritical nitrogen into a red tank, a yellow tank and a blue tank of a three-primary-color tank to be mixed with red, yellow and blue dyes, and then introducing the mixed dyes into a dye tank according to a certain proportion to be mixed according to the requirement of spindle dyeing to form dye liquor; (3) injecting dye liquor into the dyeing kettle from liquid inlet holes at the top and the bottom of the dyeing kettle respectively by using a pulse type injector, dyeing the spindle from the spindle inlet end under the combined action of an ultrasonic generator and a bidirectional circulating pump, sleeving a heat insulation layer on the periphery of the dyeing kettle, sending the spindle out from the spindle outlet end after the spindle is dyed to be mature, and carrying the spindle into a product collecting unit to a next process; (4) collecting the residual dye through a dye collecting tank, separating carbon dioxide or nitrogen, the dye and the auxiliary agent through a decompression cooling unit, then separating the dye and the auxiliary agent through an extraction mode, respectively purifying and drying the supercritical carbon dioxide, the dye and the auxiliary agent, and respectively recovering and storing the supercritical carbon dioxide, the dye and the auxiliary agent for later reuse or subsequent unified treatment.
Example 4
Referring to fig. 1, unlike embodiment 2, the present embodiment provides a pulsed supercritical fluid printing and dyeing process suitable for the same type of printed and dyed material before and after the same type of printed and dyed material has a small variation degree, which includes the following steps: (1) liquid carbon dioxide passes through a filtering unit, a drying unit, a heating unit and a pressurizing unit from a supercritical fluid storage tank in sequence, is subjected to pressurization and heating treatment, and then is converted into supercritical carbon dioxide; (2) respectively introducing the converted supercritical carbon dioxide into a red tank, a yellow tank and a blue tank of the three primary colors to be mixed with red, yellow and blue dyes, and then introducing the mixed dyes into a dye tank according to a certain proportion to be mixed according to the requirement of spindle dyeing to form dye liquor; (3) injecting dye liquor into the dyeing kettle from liquid inlet holes at the top and the bottom of the dyeing kettle respectively by using a pulse type injector, dyeing the spindle from the spindle inlet end under the combined action of an ultrasonic generator and a bidirectional circulating pump, sleeving a heat insulation layer on the periphery of the dyeing kettle, sending the spindle out from the spindle outlet end after the spindle is dyed to be mature, and carrying the spindle into a product collecting unit to a next process; (4) collecting the residual dye by a dye collecting tank, separating the supercritical carbon dioxide, the dye and the auxiliary agent by a decompression cooling unit, separating the dye and the auxiliary agent by an extraction mode, respectively purifying and drying the supercritical carbon dioxide or nitrogen, the dye and the auxiliary agent, and then circulating the supercritical carbon dioxide or nitrogen, the dye and the auxiliary agent to a supercritical fluid storage tank, a dye tank and an auxiliary agent tank.
Example 5
Based on the above pulsed supercritical fluid printing and dyeing process and apparatus, the embodiment provides a process for dyeing synthetic fibers (polyester fabric). As shown in figure 1, the process consists of six parts, namely a complete automatic flow process, which comprises a superfluid storage tank part, a pressurizing part, a heating part, a dye mixing part, a double-circulation ultrasonic printing and dyeing part and a dye circulation part.
When the dyeing and finishing process is carried out, liquid carbon dioxide flows out of the superfluid storage tank, sequentially enters the dyeing kettle through the filtering unit, the drying unit, the heating unit, the pressurizing unit, the dye tank, the auxiliary agent tank and the feeding pump through the pulse type injector, the spindle subjected to preheating treatment and drying treatment in the dyeing kettle and dye injected into the dyeing kettle in the pulse type mode are dyed under the combined action of KC-TC01 dual-core ultrasonic waves and a bidirectional circulating pump, and the periphery of the dyeing kettle is sleeved with a heat insulation layer. Wherein, the pressure of the carbon dioxide is required to be increased to more than 16MPa by the pressurizing unit (booster pump), and the temperature of the carbon dioxide is required to be heated to more than 100 ℃ by the heating unit (heater); or the pressurizing unit (booster pump) needs to pressurize the nitrogen pressure to more than 3.4MPa, and the heating unit (heater) needs to heat the nitrogen temperature to more than 20 ℃. Respectively introducing supercritical carbon dioxide or supercritical nitrogen into the three-primary-color tank to dissolve the dye, and then converging the three-primary-color tank and the dye to form a dye solution; the auxiliary agent tank does not need to be added with any dye, and the dye solution directly passes through the auxiliary agent tank; KC-TC01 dual-core ultrasonic working power is 600W, the dye liquor is circulated in the dyeing kettle at a speed of 2.4m/min by the bidirectional circulating pump, the uniformity of the dye is improved, and the spindle moves forward in the dyeing kettle at a range of 1.2m/min and is dyed. After the spindle is dyed to be mature, the spindle leaves from the spindle outlet end and enters a product collecting unit to be carried to the next procedure. The residual dye which flows out does not pass through the dye collector for collection, directly flows back to the dye tank to enter the printing and dyeing cycle again, and is recycled.
Based on the process of dyeing synthetic fibers (polyester fabrics) in the embodiment, a method for constructing a mass transfer model of the synthetic fibers (polyester fabrics) in the printing and dyeing process is provided:
as shown in fig. 8, a one-dimensional coordinate system with the fiber center as the axis and the fiber radial direction as the x-axis. The dye precipitates on the surface of the fiber and then diffuses into the fiber.
The dye diffusion process in the fiber follows:
in the formula: cA-the dye molarity at any time and at any position in the fiber; dAB-diffusion coefficient of dye atoms in the fiber;
the process of precipitation of the dye solution on the surface of the fiber follows:
NA＝k(CAf-CA0) (2)
in the formula: cAf-the molar concentration of the dye in supercritical carbon dioxide; cA0Initial dye concentration in the center of the fibre, generally taken as CA00; k is the mass transfer coefficient; NA-mass transfer flux;
the size of the convective mass transfer coefficient k is influenced by the flow regime of the dye:
in the formula: dAf-diffusion coefficient of the dye in supercritical carbon dioxide;cfsuper clinicalThickness of a dye concentration boundary layer in the boundary carbon dioxide;
thickness of concentration boundary layercfThe boundary layer also has a relationship with the velocity of the flow:
in the formula: sC-a schmitt number; v-the viscosity coefficient of supercritical carbon dioxide;ν-velocity boundary layer thickness of supercritical carbon dioxide fluid; n-constant;
in the formula:
-the average velocity of the fluid; ρ -the density of the supercritical carbon dioxide dye fluid; eta-viscosity of the supercritical carbon dioxide dye fluid; Rex-Reynolds number of the dye fluid; x-length of the dye flow direction;
substituting formula (6) for formula (4) to obtain:
as can be seen from the equations (7) and (8), the higher the fluid velocity, the higher Rex, and the more intense the convection, the higher the fluid velocitycfThe smaller, the
The larger the degree of convection at the fiber surface. If the convective extent is more rapid than the diffusion of the dye from the surface to the interior, the dye is on the surfaceSurface deposition increases the diffusion resistance of the dye into the fiber, preferably at a rate that is balanced, i.e.
From the verification, the pressure P in the dyeing kettle can be increased by introducing the dye solution through the pulse type injector, so that the saturated concentration of the dye fluid is increased, the concentration difference between the dye fluid and the dye in the fiber is enlarged, and the delta C is increasedA＝(CAf-CA0) Will also rise; on the other hand, when the fuel is introduced in a pulse mode, the convection of the dye is strengthened, the mass transfer coefficient is increased, and the precipitation amount of the dye on the surface of the fiber is increased due to the combination of the two aspects. When the precipitation speed of the dye on the surface of the fiber is far greater than the diffusion speed of the dye in the fiber, dye molecules are deposited on the surface of the fiber, the diffusion resistance of the dye to the interior of the fiber is correspondingly increased along with the thickening of the deposited layer, and the printing and dyeing speed is reduced, so that the pressure P also has to be reasonably controlled, and the deposition speed of the dye on the surface of the fiber is basically balanced with the diffusion speed of the dye to the interior of the fiber.
Application example 2
Based on the pulse supercritical fluid printing and dyeing process and the device, the application example provides a process for dyeing and processing synthetic natural fibers (cotton, hemp and wool fabrics), and supercritical carbon dioxide is adopted as a printing and dyeing medium. As shown in figure 1, the process consists of seven parts and forms a complete automatic flow process, which comprises a superfluid storage tank part, a pressurizing part, a heating part, a dye mixing part, an auxiliary agent part, a double-circulation ultrasonic printing and dyeing part and a dye circulation part.
When the dyeing and printing processing is carried out, liquid carbon dioxide flows out of the superfluid storage tank, sequentially enters the dyeing kettle through the filtering unit, the drying unit, the heating unit, the pressurizing unit, the dye tank, the auxiliary agent tank and the feeding pump through the pulse type injector, the spindle which is preheated, swelled by absolute ethyl alcohol and dried in the dyeing kettle and the dye which is injected into the dyeing kettle in the pulse type dye under the combined action of KC-TC01 dual-core ultrasonic waves and a bidirectional circulating pump, and the periphery of the dyeing kettle is sleeved with the heat-insulating layer. Wherein the pressurizing unit (booster pump) is required to pressurize the carbon dioxide to 16 MPa; the heating unit (heater) needs to heat the carbon dioxide to 80 ℃; respectively introducing supercritical carbon dioxide into the three-primary-color tank to dissolve the dye, and then converging the supercritical carbon dioxide into the dye tank to form a dye solution; the auxiliary agent tank needs to be added with absolute ethyl alcohol as an auxiliary dyeing agent, so that the reactive dye is more fully dissolved in the supercritical carbon dioxide, and the dye solution is more uniform; the KC-TC01 dual-core ultrasonic working power is 600W, the dye liquor is circulated in the dyeing kettle at the speed of 3m/min by the bidirectional circulating pump, the uniformity of the dye is improved, and the spindle moves forward in the dyeing kettle at the speed of 1.2m/min and is dyed. After the spindle is dyed to be mature, the spindle leaves from the spindle outlet end and enters a product collecting unit to be carried to the next procedure. The residual dye which flows out does not pass through the dye collector for collection, directly flows back to the dye tank to enter the printing and dyeing cycle again, and is recycled.
Application example 3
Based on the pulse supercritical fluid printing and dyeing process and the device, the application example provides a process for dyeing synthetic fibers (polyester fabrics), which adopts supercritical nitrogen as a printing and dyeing medium. As shown in figure 1, the process consists of seven parts and forms a complete automatic flow process, which comprises a superfluid storage tank part, a pressurizing part, a heating part, a dye mixing part, an auxiliary agent part, a double-circulation ultrasonic printing and dyeing part and a dye circulation part.
When the dyeing and finishing process is carried out, liquid nitrogen flows out of the superfluid storage tank, sequentially passes through the filtering unit, the drying unit, the heating unit, the pressurizing unit, the dye tank, the auxiliary agent tank and the feeding pump, enters the dyeing kettle through the pulse type injector, and a spindle which is subjected to preheating treatment and drying treatment in the dyeing kettle and dye which is injected into the dyeing kettle in a pulse type are dyed under the combined action of KC-TC01 dual-core ultrasonic waves and a bidirectional circulating pump. Wherein, the booster pump is required to boost the supercritical nitrogen pressure to the working pressure; the heating unit (heater) needs to heat the supercritical nitrogen to the working temperature; dissolving dye in supercritical nitrogen through a dye tank to form dye liquor; the auxiliary agent tank is added with absolute ethyl alcohol and the like as auxiliary agents, so that the reactive dye is more fully dissolved in supercritical nitrogen, the dye liquor is more uniform, and the auxiliary agents are added into the dye liquor through the auxiliary agent tank; the KC-TC01 dual-core ultrasonic working power is 600W, the diffusion and uniform dispersion of dye in spindles are promoted, the dye liquor is circulated in the dyeing kettle at a speed of about 2m/min by the bidirectional circulating pump, the uniformity of the dye is improved, and the spindles advance in the dyeing kettle at an amplitude of about 1m/min and are dyed. After the spindle is dyed to be mature, the spindle leaves from the spindle outlet end and enters a product collecting unit to be carried to the next procedure. The residual dye flowing out does not pass through the dye collector for collection, and directly flows back to the dye tank to enter the printing and dyeing cycle again.
The application example 1 and the application example 2 adopting the super pulse type supercritical fluid printing and dyeing process and the device can successfully dye a spindle within 30min, the spindle comes out from the spindle outlet end at a time interval of about 18 seconds, and the length of equipment can be controlled within 30 m; compared with the prior art, the efficiency is improved by about 20 percent at least, the equipment is reduced by about 25 percent, and the cost is reduced by about 10 percent at least; the supercritical carbon dioxide and supercritical nitrogen are used as printing and dyeing media, so that the printing and dyeing process of synthetic fibers and natural fibers with environmental protection, clean production, cyclic utilization, high yield and low cost can be realized, the dyeing uniformity of fabrics on the inner side and the outer side of a spindle is improved, and the color fastness of the fabrics can reach 5 grades at most.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, but the embodiments are merely examples, and the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above. Any equivalent modifications and substitutions to those skilled in the art are also within the scope of the present invention. Accordingly, equivalent changes and modifications made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered by the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A pulse type supercritical fluid printing and dyeing process is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) after the liquid carbon dioxide or the liquid nitrogen is pressurized and heated, the liquid carbon dioxide or the liquid nitrogen is converted into supercritical carbon dioxide or supercritical nitrogen;
(2) respectively mixing supercritical carbon dioxide or supercritical nitrogen with three primary colors dyes in a dye tank according to a certain proportion to form a dye solution;
(3) injecting dye liquor into the dyeing kettle from the top and/or the bottom of the dyeing kettle respectively by using a pulse type injector, dyeing the spindle from the spindle inlet end under the action of an ultrasonic generator and a bidirectional circulating pump, and delivering the spindle from the spindle outlet end after the spindle is dyed to be mature;
(4) returning the dye liquor discharged from the dyeing kettle to a dye tank for recycling; or separating and purifying the discharged dye solution into liquid carbon dioxide or liquid nitrogen and dye, and recycling or storing the liquid carbon dioxide or liquid nitrogen as the liquid carbon dioxide raw material or liquid nitrogen raw material in the step (1) and the dye raw material in the step (2) for later use.
2. The pulsed supercritical fluid printing and dyeing process according to claim 1, characterized in that in step (1), the pressure of carbon dioxide is increased to more than 16MPa by using a pressurizing unit, and the temperature of carbon dioxide is heated to more than 80 ℃ by using a heating unit; and pressurizing the nitrogen to be more than 3.4MPa by adopting a pressurizing unit, and heating the nitrogen to be more than 20 ℃ by adopting a heating unit.
3. The pulsed supercritical fluid printing and dyeing process according to claim 1, characterized in that step (2) further comprises adding a dyeing assistant to the dyeing solution.
4. The pulsed supercritical fluid printing and dyeing process according to claim 1, characterized in that in step (3), the dyeing kettle is divided into at least one section along the length direction, and each section of the dyeing kettle is provided with the pulsed injector, the ultrasonic generator and the bidirectional circulating pump.
5. The pulsed supercritical fluid printing and dyeing process according to claim 4, characterized in that the pulsed injector is connected to a plurality of inlet holes arranged in sequence at the top and/or bottom of each section of the dyeing kettle.
6. The pulsed supercritical fluid printing and dyeing process according to claim 5, wherein two ends of the bidirectional circulation pump are respectively connected with the pulsed injector and the dyeing kettle by Y-shaped interfaces, and the two Y-shaped interfaces are respectively located at the liquid inlet holes at two ends of the bottom of each section of the dyeing kettle.
7. The pulsed supercritical fluid printing and dyeing process according to claim 1, characterized in that step (3) further comprises the step of carrying out heat preservation and insulation treatment on the dyeing kettle during dyeing.
8. A pulsed supercritical fluid dyeing apparatus according to any of claims 1 to 7, comprising: superfluid holding vessel, three primary colors jar, dyestuff jar, impulse generator, dyeing cauldron, dyestuff collection tank, decompression cooling unit and extraction separation unit, wherein:
the supercritical fluid storage tank is connected with the dye tank through the three-primary-color tank sequentially through a filtering unit, a drying unit, a heating unit and a pressurizing unit by virtue of pipelines, so that carbon dioxide or nitrogen in the supercritical fluid storage tank is converted into supercritical carbon dioxide or supercritical nitrogen after pressurization and heating treatment, and the supercritical carbon dioxide or supercritical nitrogen is respectively mixed with the three-primary-color dyes in the three-primary-color tank in a certain proportion in the dye tank to form dye liquor;
the dyeing tank is connected with the dyeing kettle through an auxiliary agent tank, a flowmeter and a plurality of pulse type injectors connected in parallel in sequence through pipelines, each pulse type injector is respectively connected with a plurality of liquid inlet holes sequentially arranged at the top and/or the bottom of each section of dyeing kettle, and is used for feeding dye liquor into each section of dyeing kettle through the pulse type injectors in a pulse type injection mode to dye spindles from a spindle feeding end; a dual-core ultrasonic generator and a dual-direction circulating pump are arranged on each section of the dyeing kettle, two ends of the dual-direction circulating pump are respectively connected with the pulse type injector and the dyeing kettle through Y-shaped interfaces, and the two Y-shaped interfaces are respectively positioned at the liquid inlet holes at two ends of the bottom of each section of the dyeing kettle;
the bottom of the dyeing kettle is connected with the dye tank through a pipeline so as to enable the residual dye liquor discharged by the dyeing kettle to flow back to the dye tank for recycling; or the bottom of the dyeing kettle is connected with the dye collecting tank through a pipeline, so that the residual dye liquor after dyeing in the dyeing kettle is collected in the dye collecting tank, and is subjected to separation and purification treatment to obtain liquid carbon dioxide or liquid nitrogen and dye, and then the liquid carbon dioxide or liquid nitrogen and dye are respectively conveyed to the superfluid storage tank and the dye tank through pipelines for cyclic utilization or storage for later use.
9. The pulsed supercritical fluid dyeing apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that the bottom of the dyeing kettle is connected with the decompression cooling unit through the dye collecting tank by a pipeline, so that the residual dye liquor dyed in the dyeing kettle is collected in the dye collecting tank, and the decompression cooling unit decompresses and separates the residual dye liquor;
the top end of the decompression cooling unit is connected with the superfluid storage tank through a purification unit, a filtering unit and a drying unit in sequence through pipelines so as to send the separated carbon dioxide gas or nitrogen gas into the superfluid storage tank for recycling; and
the bottom end of the decompression cooling unit is connected with the extraction separation unit through a pipeline so as to extract the separated dye liquor, the extracted dye is sent into the dye tank for recycling, and/or the extracted auxiliary agent is sent into the auxiliary agent tank for recycling.
10. The pulsed supercritical fluid dyeing apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the dyeing vessel is a 24-25m pipe, which is covered with a thermal insulation layer; and is divided into four sections along the length direction, and each section of the dyeing kettle is provided with the pulse type injector, the ultrasonic generator and the bidirectional circulating pump.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911311973.6A CN111020925A (en) | 2019-12-18 | 2019-12-18 | Pulse type supercritical carbon dioxide printing and dyeing process and device thereof |
| CN2019113119736 | 2019-12-18 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111826846A true CN111826846A (en) | 2020-10-27 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911311973.6A Pending CN111020925A (en) | 2019-12-18 | 2019-12-18 | Pulse type supercritical carbon dioxide printing and dyeing process and device thereof |
| CN202010691171.9A Withdrawn CN111826846A (en) | 2019-12-18 | 2020-07-17 | Pulse type supercritical fluid printing and dyeing process and device thereof |
Family Applications Before (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911311973.6A Pending CN111020925A (en) | 2019-12-18 | 2019-12-18 | Pulse type supercritical carbon dioxide printing and dyeing process and device thereof |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2021121409A1 (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2021-06-24 | 上海复璐帝流体技术有限公司 | Pulse-type supercritical carbon dioxide printing and dyeing device |
-
2019
- 2019-12-18 CN CN201911311973.6A patent/CN111020925A/en active Pending
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2020
- 2020-07-17 CN CN202010691171.9A patent/CN111826846A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2021121409A1 (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2021-06-24 | 上海复璐帝流体技术有限公司 | Pulse-type supercritical carbon dioxide printing and dyeing device |
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| CN111020925A (en) | 2020-04-17 |
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Effective date of registration: 20201230 Address after: 2050 Honghai Road, Miaozhen, Chongming District, Shanghai (Shanghai Miaozhen Economic Development Zone) Applicant after: Shanghai fuludi Fluid Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 471132 20 meters from the intersection of Xiaolangdi special line and Axin Avenue, Matun Town, Mengjin County, Luoyang City, Henan Province Applicant before: Luoyang maitoufeng Technology Development Co.,Ltd. |
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