CN111826684A - Electrolytic tank and electrolytic system for producing copper powder by using scrap copper material - Google Patents
Electrolytic tank and electrolytic system for producing copper powder by using scrap copper material Download PDFInfo
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- CN111826684A CN111826684A CN202010757820.0A CN202010757820A CN111826684A CN 111826684 A CN111826684 A CN 111826684A CN 202010757820 A CN202010757820 A CN 202010757820A CN 111826684 A CN111826684 A CN 111826684A
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- tank
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C5/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metal powders or porous metal masses
- C25C5/02—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metal powders or porous metal masses from solutions
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C7/00—Constructional parts, or assemblies thereof, of cells; Servicing or operating of cells
Abstract
The invention discloses an electrolytic cell for producing copper powder by using scrap copper materials, which comprises: the device comprises a tank body, and a circular anode jacket and a cathode copper column which are positioned in the tank body; the circular ring anode jacket is sleeved outside the cathode copper column; electrolyte is filled in the tank body; the circular anode jacket is used for placing copper materials to be electrolyzed. The invention can electrolyze the waste copper scrap with lower grade into the electrolytic copper powder product which meets the national standard.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of scrap copper material recovery, in particular to an electrolytic cell and an electrolytic system for producing copper powder by using scrap copper materials.
Background
China is a world wide electronic product production country, the number of discarded and recycled waste electronic products is huge every year, according to relevant unit statistics, in 2017, the recycling amount of five main waste electronic products in China is about 16370 thousands, and about 373.5 thousands tons; through processing and sorting, huge amounts of waste copper materials of various grades are produced every year.
The electrolytic copper powder has wide application, high technical requirement of products and high added value of the products. The areas of cathode plates and anode plates adopted in the prior electrolytic copper powder production are basically equal, the current density of the cathode and the anode plates is also basically equal, the current density of the electrolytic copper powder production is too high compared with the electrolytic refining process of copper, so the voltage of the electrolytic copper powder production is far higher than that of the electrolytic refining of crude copper, the product quality is ensured in the copper powder production, the grade of the anode is required to be far higher than the anode standard of the electrolytic refining of the crude copper, and the anode material adopted in the prior electrolytic copper powder industry is generally electrolytic copper or a fine copper raw material with a certain quality so as to produce a high-value copper powder product meeting the national standard.
Disclosure of Invention
Accordingly, there is a need for an electrolytic cell and an electrolytic system for producing copper powder from scrap copper material, which can electrolyze scrap copper material of lower grade into electrolytic copper powder product meeting the international standard.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
an electrolytic cell for producing copper powder from scrap copper material, comprising: the device comprises a tank body, and a circular anode jacket and a cathode copper column which are positioned in the tank body; the circular ring anode jacket is sleeved outside the cathode copper column; the tank body is filled with electrolyte; the circular anode jacket is used for placing copper materials to be electrolyzed.
Optionally, the annular anode jacket comprises an inner mesh cylinder and an outer mesh cylinder which are concentrically arranged; the inner net barrel is connected with the bottom of the outer net barrel through an annular bottom support; the copper material to be electrolyzed is placed between the inner net barrel and the outer net barrel; the annular support bottom prevents the waste copper material from falling from the bottom.
Optionally, the distance between the inner net cylinder and the outer net cylinder is 3 cm-12 cm.
Optionally, the inner mesh cylinder and the outer mesh cylinder are both titanium meshes.
Optionally, the annular anode jacket is externally sleeved with filter cloth, and the filter cloth is used for preventing anode mud formed by dissolving the copper material to be electrolyzed from scattering or falling into the tank body.
Optionally, the filter cloth is a dacron filter cloth.
Optionally, the cathode copper column is located at the center of the annular anode jacket; the distance between the cathode copper column and the annular anode jacket is 5-10 cm.
An electrolysis system for producing copper powder by using scrap copper materials comprises a liquid storage tank, a pump, a cooler, an overhead tank and the electrolysis tank;
a first overflow port is arranged on the electrolytic cell; the electrolytic tank is communicated with the liquid storage tank through the first overflow port; the liquid storage tank is communicated to the cooler through the pump; the cooler is communicated with the elevated tank; the lower part of the elevated tank is communicated with the electrolytic tank; the height of the elevated tank is higher than that of the electrolytic tank and the liquid storage tank;
the first overflow port is positioned at the upper part of the electrolytic bath;
the electrolyte overflowed from the electrolytic bath flows into the liquid storage tank through the first overflow port; the pump pumps the electrolyte in the liquid storage tank into the cooler for cooling, and then the electrolyte flows into the elevated tank from the cooler; and the elevated tank is used for supplementing the cooled electrolyte to the electrolytic tank.
Optionally, a second overflow port is arranged on the head tank, and the head tank is communicated with the liquid storage tank through the second overflow port; the second overflow port is positioned at the upper part of the elevated tank;
when the liquid level in the high-level tank reaches or exceeds the second overflow port, the electrolyte overflowing from the second overflow port flows into the liquid storage tank.
Optionally, during electrolysis, the circular anode jacket in the electrolytic cell is connected to the positive electrode of the dc power supply, and the cathode copper column in the electrolytic cell is connected to the negative electrode of the dc power supply.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the electrolytic cell and the electrolytic system for producing the copper powder by using the scrap copper material, the circular ring anode jacket and the cathode copper column positioned in the circular ring anode jacket are respectively used as the anode and the cathode, so that the current density of the anode is far smaller than that of the cathode, the concentration polarization of the anode is obviously reduced, the electrochemical dissolution of the anode low-grade scrap copper raw material is facilitated, and the lower-grade scrap copper material can be electrolyzed into the electrolytic copper powder product meeting the national standard.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without inventive exercise.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an electrolytic cell for producing copper powder from scrap copper material according to example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a top plan view of an electrolytic cell for producing copper powder from scrap copper material according to example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an electrolytic system for producing copper powder from scrap copper material according to example 2 of the present invention.
Description of the symbols:
1-a groove body; 2-a circular anode jacket; 3-cathode copper cylinder; 4-a liquid storage tank; 5-a pump; 6-a cooler; 7-elevated tank; 8-an electrolytic cell; 9-direct current power supply.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
Example 1:
this embodiment provides an electrolytic cell 8 for producing copper powder from scrap copper material.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an electrolytic cell for producing copper powder from scrap copper material according to example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a top plan view of an electrolytic cell for producing copper powder from scrap copper material according to example 1 of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the electrolytic cell 8 for producing copper powder from scrap copper material comprises: the device comprises a tank body 1, and a circular anode jacket 2 and a cathode copper column 3 which are positioned in the tank body 1; the circular ring anode jacket 2 is sleeved outside the cathode copper column 3; the tank body 1 is filled with electrolyte; the circular ring anode jacket 2 is used for placing copper materials to be electrolyzed, and the copper materials to be electrolyzed can be copper materials with various specifications and can also be waste copper materials. The cathode copper column 3 is positioned at the center of the circular anode jacket 2; the distance between the cathode copper column 3 and the annular anode jacket 2 is 5 cm-10 cm. During electrolysis, the circular anode jacket 2 is connected with the anode of a direct current power supply, and the cathode copper column 3 is connected with the cathode of the direct current power supply. After being electrified, under the action of a direct current electric field, the copper in the annular anode jacket 2 is dissolved by electrochemical discharge, and the Cu2+Under the action of the direct current electric field, the copper ions move towards the cathode copper cylinder 3 and are separated out on the cathode copper cylinder 3.
The circular anode jacket 2 comprises an inner mesh cylinder and an outer mesh cylinder which are concentrically arranged; the bottom of the inner net cylinder is connected with the bottom of the outer net cylinder through an annular support bottom, namely the inner circle of the annular support bottom is in fit connection with the bottom of the inner net cylinder, and the outer circle of the annular support bottom is in fit connection with the bottom of the outer net cylinder; placing the copper material to be electrolyzed between the inner net cylinder and the outer net cylinder; the annular support bottom prevents the waste copper material from falling from the bottom, and the annular support bottom is a titanium net or a titanium plate. The distance between the inner net cylinder and the outer net cylinder is 3 cm-12 cm. The inner net barrel and the outer net barrel are both titanium nets. The inner net barrel, the annular support bottom and the outer net barrel are welded.
The annular anode jacket 2 is externally sleeved with filter cloth which is used for preventing anode mud formed by dissolving copper materials to be electrolyzed from scattering or falling into the tank body 1, so that the copper powder product quality on the cathode copper column 3 is prevented from being polluted. The filter cloth is polyester filter cloth.
The cathode copper pillar 3 may have a rod-like structure or a tubular structure. The electrolyte consists of sulfuric acid solution and copper sulfate, the sulfuric acid concentration of the electrolyte is 120 g/l-200 g/l, and the Cu concentration is2+The concentration is 3g/l to 15 g/l.
Example 2:
this example 2 provides an electrolysis system for producing copper powder from scrap copper material.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an electrolytic system for producing copper powder from scrap copper material according to example 2 of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 3, the electrolytic system for producing copper powder by using scrap copper materials comprises a liquid storage tank 4, a pump 5, a cooler 6, an elevated tank 7 and the electrolytic tank 8;
a first overflow port is arranged on the electrolytic cell 8; the electrolytic tank 8 is communicated with the liquid storage tank 4 through a first overflow port; the liquid storage tank 4 is communicated with a cooler 6 through a pump 5; the cooler 6 is communicated with the elevated tank 7; the lower part of the elevated tank 7 is communicated with an electrolytic tank 8; the height of the elevated tank 7 is higher than that of the electrolytic tank 8 and the liquid storage tank 4; a second overflow port is arranged on the head tank 7, and the head tank 7 is communicated with the liquid storage tank 4 through the second overflow port;
the first overflow port is positioned at the upper part of the electrolytic bath 8; the second overflow port is positioned at the upper part of the elevated tank 7;
the electrolyte overflowed from the electrolytic tank 8 flows into the liquid storage tank 4 through the first overflow port; the electrolyte in the liquid storage tank 4 is pumped into a cooler 6 by a pump 5 for cooling, and then flows into a high-level tank 7 from the cooler 6; the elevated tank 7 is used for replenishing the cooled electrolyte to the electrolytic tank 8. When the liquid level in the high-level tank 7 reaches or exceeds the second overflow port, the electrolyte overflowing from the second overflow port flows into the liquid storage tank 4.
During electrolysis, the circular anode jacket 2 in the electrolytic cell 8 is connected with the anode of the direct current power supply 9, and the cathode copper column 3 in the electrolytic cell 8 is connected with the cathode of the direct current power supply 9.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the electrolytic cell and the electrolytic system for producing the copper powder by using the scrap copper material, the circular ring anode jacket and the cathode copper column positioned in the circular ring anode jacket are respectively used as the anode and the cathode, so that the current density of the anode is far less than that of the cathode, the concentration polarization of the anode is obviously reduced, the electrochemical dissolution of the anode low-grade scrap copper raw material is facilitated, and the lower-grade scrap copper material (with the copper content of 94-99%) can be electrolyzed into the electrolytic copper powder product meeting the national standard.
2. By electrolysisThe electromotive force formula in the process is as follows: e is phi+-φ-+η++η-+ IR, η ═ a + blnj, where φ+、φ-Reversible electrode potentials, eta, of positive and negative electrodes, respectively, of the cell+、η-The overpotentials of the anode and the cathode respectively, I is the current intensity of the electrolytic cell, R is the resistance of the electrolyte, a and b are constants, and j is the current density. As can be seen from the equation, the reduction in the anode current density results in η+The concentration polarization of the solution is reduced, so that the overall bath pressure is obviously reduced, the heating is reduced, and the electrolysis energy consumption is reduced.
3. The circular anode jacket can be suitable for anode materials with various specifications, solves the problem of generation of residual anodes in the prior production process, improves the utilization rate of anode raw materials, reduces the process backlog and reduces the production cost.
4. Compared with the flat cathode and the flat anode of the prior production device, the circular cathode and the circular anode structure have the advantages that the edge effect is greatly reduced, the electric field distribution and the electric line distribution are more uniform, and the product granularity distribution is easier to control.
5. The round cathode is easier to realize automatic powder scraping.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described herein using specific examples, which are provided only to help understand the method and the core concept of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (10)
1. An electrolytic cell for producing copper powder by using scrap copper materials is characterized by comprising: the device comprises a tank body, and a circular anode jacket and a cathode copper column which are positioned in the tank body; the circular ring anode jacket is sleeved outside the cathode copper column; the tank body is filled with electrolyte; the circular anode jacket is used for placing copper materials to be electrolyzed.
2. The electrolytic cell of claim 1 wherein the annular anode jacket comprises an inner mesh cylinder and an outer mesh cylinder arranged concentrically; the inner net barrel is connected with the bottom of the outer net barrel through an annular bottom support; the copper material to be electrolyzed is placed between the inner net barrel and the outer net barrel; the annular support bottom prevents the waste copper material from falling from the bottom.
3. The electrolytic cell of claim 2 wherein the distance between the inner and outer mesh cylinders is 3cm to 12 cm.
4. The electrolytic cell of claim 2 wherein the inner mesh cylinder and the outer mesh cylinder are both titanium mesh.
5. The electrolytic cell as claimed in claim 1, wherein a filter cloth is sleeved outside the circular anode jacket and used for preventing anode mud formed by dissolving the copper material to be electrolyzed from scattering or falling into the cell body.
6. Electrolysis cell according to claim 5, wherein said filter cloth is a dacron filter cloth.
7. The electrolytic cell of claim 1 wherein the cathode copper cylinder is located in the center of the annular anode jacket; the distance between the cathode copper column and the annular anode jacket is 5-10 cm.
8. An electrolysis system for producing copper powder by using scrap copper materials, which is characterized by comprising a liquid storage tank, a pump, a cooler, an overhead tank and an electrolysis tank as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7;
a first overflow port is arranged on the electrolytic cell; the electrolytic tank is communicated with the liquid storage tank through the first overflow port; the liquid storage tank is communicated to the cooler through the pump; the cooler is communicated with the elevated tank; the lower part of the elevated tank is communicated with the electrolytic tank; the height of the elevated tank is higher than that of the electrolytic tank and the liquid storage tank;
the first overflow port is positioned at the upper part of the electrolytic bath;
the electrolyte overflowed from the electrolytic bath flows into the liquid storage tank through the first overflow port; the pump pumps the electrolyte in the liquid storage tank into the cooler for cooling, and then the electrolyte flows into the elevated tank from the cooler; and the elevated tank is used for supplementing the cooled electrolyte to the electrolytic tank.
9. The electrolyzing system of claim 8, wherein the head tank is provided with a second overflow port, and the head tank is communicated with the reservoir through the second overflow port; the second overflow port is positioned at the upper part of the elevated tank;
when the liquid level in the high-level tank reaches or exceeds the second overflow port, the electrolyte overflowing from the second overflow port flows into the liquid storage tank.
10. The electrolysis system according to claim 8, wherein during electrolysis, the circular ring anode jacket in the electrolysis bath is connected with the positive pole of the direct current power supply, and the cathode copper column in the electrolysis bath is connected with the negative pole of the direct current power supply.
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| CN202010757820.0A CN111826684B (en) | 2020-07-31 | 2020-07-31 | Electrolytic tank and electrolytic system for producing copper powder by using scrap copper material |
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| CN202010757820.0A CN111826684B (en) | 2020-07-31 | 2020-07-31 | Electrolytic tank and electrolytic system for producing copper powder by using scrap copper material |
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| CN111826684B CN111826684B (en) | 2021-09-07 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111826684B (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2021-09-07 | 中华全国供销合作总社天津再生资源研究所 | Electrolytic tank and electrolytic system for producing copper powder by using scrap copper material |
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| CN111826684B (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2021-09-07 | 中华全国供销合作总社天津再生资源研究所 | Electrolytic tank and electrolytic system for producing copper powder by using scrap copper material |
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