CN111823336B - Aldehyde-free technical veneer production method for veneer solid wood multilayer board assembly - Google Patents
Aldehyde-free technical veneer production method for veneer solid wood multilayer board assembly Download PDFInfo
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- CN111823336B CN111823336B CN202010737728.8A CN202010737728A CN111823336B CN 111823336 B CN111823336 B CN 111823336B CN 202010737728 A CN202010737728 A CN 202010737728A CN 111823336 B CN111823336 B CN 111823336B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27D—WORKING VENEER OR PLYWOOD
- B27D1/00—Joining wood veneer with any material; Forming articles thereby; Preparatory processing of surfaces to be joined, e.g. scoring
- B27D1/04—Joining wood veneer with any material; Forming articles thereby; Preparatory processing of surfaces to be joined, e.g. scoring to produce plywood or articles made therefrom; Plywood sheets
- B27D1/08—Manufacture of shaped articles; Presses specially designed therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27D—WORKING VENEER OR PLYWOOD
- B27D1/00—Joining wood veneer with any material; Forming articles thereby; Preparatory processing of surfaces to be joined, e.g. scoring
- B27D1/04—Joining wood veneer with any material; Forming articles thereby; Preparatory processing of surfaces to be joined, e.g. scoring to produce plywood or articles made therefrom; Plywood sheets
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K5/00—Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00
- B27K5/001—Heating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K5/00—Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00
- B27K5/0085—Thermal treatments, i.e. involving chemical modification of wood at temperatures well over 100°C
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Veneer Processing And Manufacture Of Plywood (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for producing aldehyde-free technical veneers for assembling facing solid wood multilayer boards, which comprises the following steps in sequence: (1) drying and repairing the economic fast growing wood wet veneer; (2) coating the processed economic fast-growing wood wet veneer group blank with formaldehyde-free glue and cold-pressing to form a plate blank; (3) maintaining the pressure of the plate blank and heating the plate blank by high-frequency microwave; (4) maintaining for the first time; (5) secondary maintenance; (6) milling to remove rough edges, and planing into non-formaldehyde technical veneers. The invention overcomes the defects that the existing small-diameter wood and small-diameter wood can only be used for manufacturing shaving boards, the glue consumption is large, and the wood is not green and environment-friendly, and through the cooperation of the optimized non-aldehyde glue and the optimized blank assembly production process, the formaldehyde-free technical wood veneer with good performance is produced by using the small-diameter wood and the small-diameter wood, and the formaldehyde-free technical wood veneer not only has low content of harmful substances and is green and environment-friendly, but also can effectively reduce the problems of squaring, burrs, cracking and the like in the production process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for producing aldehyde-free technical veneers for assembling veneering solid wood multilayer boards, which is particularly applied to the field of technical veneer production by taking small-diameter economic fast-growing wood veneers as raw materials.
Background
The economic fast-growing wood such as poplar, fir, eucalyptus and the like can be used as a material for assembly, and the technical veneer is produced by a novel technical veneer assembly process. The diameter range of the small-diameter wood of the conventional economic fast-growing wood is 20-28cm, the diameter range of the small-diameter wood is less than 18cm, and due to the defect of small diameter, the small-diameter wood and the small-diameter wood of the conventional economic fast-growing wood are mostly used for preparing the shaving board by adding a large amount of glue after being crushed. The economic fast-growing wood with the smaller diameter and the larger diameter is used for producing technical wood, formaldehyde glue is mostly adopted, the glue amount is large, the formaldehyde content is high, and the requirement of green environmental protection is not met. A small part of the wood is made of formaldehyde-free glue, but because the conventional formaldehyde-free glue (such as soybean glue, polyurethane glue and the like) on the market has low viscosity and insufficient flexibility of a glue layer, the problems of planning and cutting rough edges, square frying in the production process, wood bark cracking in the use process and the like are easily caused, so the wood is basically the formaldehyde-free glue technical wood on the market at present. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a method for producing aldehyde-free technical veneer for facing solid wood multi-layer board assembly, which can fully utilize small-diameter wood and small-diameter wood, has high outturn percentage, low formaldehyde content, environmental protection, no explosion, no cracking and no burr problems.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects that the existing small-diameter wood and small-diameter wood can only be used for manufacturing shaving boards, and the glue consumption is large, so that the formaldehyde content is high, and the wood does not meet the requirement of green environmental protection, the invention provides the method for producing the aldehyde-free technical veneer for the facing solid wood multi-layer board assembly.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a production method of aldehyde-free technical veneers for facing solid wood multilayer board assembly comprises the following steps of:
(1) drying the economic fast-growing wood wet veneer until the water content is between 4 and 8 percent, and then repairing the economic fast-growing wood wet veneer;
(2) arranging and splicing the economic fast-growing wood wet single plates treated in the step (1) into single-layer single plates with all transverse grains or all vertical grains in an environment with the temperature of more than or equal to 5 ℃, stacking the single-layer single plate assemblies with the same grains, enabling the grain extending directions of all the single-layer single plates to be consistent, coating aldehyde-free glue between two adjacent single plates stacked up and down in the stacking process, and coating glue between every two adjacent single plates in an amount of 240-350 g; cold pressing at normal temperature under 15-20Mpa for 10 + -1 min after stacking 18-22 layers, and repeating the above steps until reaching the required height to obtain the plate blank;
(3) maintaining the pressure of the plate blank in the step (2) at 15-20Mpa for 10-15min, and then heating the plate blank by 100-150kHz high-frequency microwave for 3-5h, wherein the plate blank is kept in the previous pressure maintaining state during heating;
(4) primary curing: preserving the heat of the plate blank subjected to the step (3) at the temperature of 30-35 ℃ for 3-4 days, and keeping the plate blank in a previous pressure maintaining state in the heat preserving process;
(5) secondary curing: keeping the plate blank in the step (4) in a previous pressure maintaining state, placing the plate blank in a room temperature environment for cooling until the temperature of the plate blank is reduced to the room temperature, and then removing the pressure maintaining state of the plate blank;
(6) milling to remove burrs of the plate blank, and then slicing the plate blank into aldehyde-free technical veneers with the thickness of 0.3-1.2 mm;
wherein, the aldehyde-free adhesive in the step (2) is a vinyl ester adhesive with the adhesive viscosity of 30000-50000 Pa.s.
The aldehyde-free technical veneer production method for the veneer solid wood multi-layer board assembly is matched with the optimized assembly production process (including the optimized splicing method, and the cold pressing process and the pressure maintaining process) through the optimized type of aldehyde-free glue and the optimized application amount, so that the aim of producing the aldehyde-free technical veneer with good performance by using small-diameter wood and small-diameter wood is fulfilled. The production method has the advantages that: (1) the technical wood on the market is used for making a surface veneer instead of a base material at present, because the conventional solid wood multi-layer board base material with low warping degree requirement is directly made of economic fast-growing wood such as poplar and the like, the aldehyde-free technical wood veneer production method of the application uses the economic fast-growing wood for secondary processing and converts the economic fast-growing wood into the technical wood, the utilization rate of materials can be effectively improved (the minimum diameter of the available economic fast-growing wood is about 14cm), short materials and narrow materials can be used for cross grain typesetting, and finally cost optimization is realized; (2) the commercially available economic fast-growing wood wet single plates with uniform thickness are used as raw materials, so that the utilization rate of the raw materials is improved, the reduction of the glue application amount is realized in the multi-layer plate assembly stage, meanwhile, the time for manually repairing the single plates is reduced, and finally, the cost optimization, the efficiency improvement and the product size stability improvement are obtained; (3) no aldehyde science and technology veneer is owing to adopt preferred no aldehyde glue, and not only harmful substance content is low, green, moreover through preferred sizing amount, the cooperation of cold pressing and pressurize technology, the glue film pliability is good, intensity is high, and cold pressing makes the density of slab big with the pressurize cooperation, and the group base blanking in-process is not fried, and the planing is cut the veneer in-process and can not lead to coin because of the glue film is too hard to produce the tool mark, do not split in the use bonding force. The prior technical wood veneer production process generally adopts 14MPa hot pressing, adopts low-viscosity formaldehyde-free glue, and is very easy to cause problems of squaring and cracking.
The vinyl ester adhesive is prepared by mixing and stirring SK-WQY A aldehyde-free adhesive produced by three-tree paint company Limited with the viscosity adjusted to 40000-; SK-WQY1B had an aldehyde-free gum with a solids content of 57-59% and a pH of 7-8.
The optimized vinyl ester adhesive is green and environment-friendly, has good flexibility and high strength of an adhesive layer, and can solve the problems of squaring, cracking and the like in the production process of the scientific and technological veneer to the maximum extent.
The vinyl ester adhesive comprises the following adhesive mixing steps: pouring the two glues together according to the weight ratio, stirring for 13-18min, and after uniformly stirring, adjusting the glue viscosity of the mixture to 30000-50000 Pa.s; the prepared glue is applied within 8 hours, and cold pressing is carried out within 4 plus or minus 1 hour after the glue is applied.
The preferable vinyl ester adhesive ensures that the adhesive layer has good flexibility and high strength.
The height of the slab obtained in the step (2) is 1300-1400 mm.
The height of the slab can improve the outturn percentage to more than 80 percent, and the outturn percentage is about 70 percent generally at present.
The glue application amount between two adjacent single-layer veneers is 240-280 g.
The optimal glue application amount is matched with the optimal glue water amount, and the optimal anti-explosion and anti-cracking effect can be achieved by adopting the minimum glue water amount.
And (3) performing cold pressing after stacking 20 layers in the step (2).
The number of layers is optimized for cold pressing, the pressing effect of the plate blank is optimal, and the effects of preventing the plate blank from being exploded and cracking can be improved.
And (3) the cold pressing pressure in the step (2) is 16-17 Mpa.
The optimized cold pressing pressure can ensure the pressing effect and the anti-explosion and anti-cracking effect to the maximum extent.
The length of the single-layer veneer with the transverse grains along the grain extending direction is 1200-1400mm, and the length along the direction perpendicular to the grain extending direction is 2300-2700 mm; the length of the single-layer single plate of the vertical grains along the grain extending direction is 2300-2700mm, and the length along the direction perpendicular to the grain extending direction is 1200-1400 mm.
Because the small diameter wood and the small diameter wood of the economic fast-growing wood are small in length, the blanks are assembled into the single-layer veneer with the cross grains, and the size of the optimized veneer can adapt to the specifications of most of the existing cold presses on the market.
And (2) the economic fast-growing wood wet veneer is subjected to bleaching and dyeing processes in sequence before being dried in the step (1).
Bleaching and dyeing processes can be added according to the needs.
The repairing is to dig out dead knots, remove barks and fill large holes with wet veneers of economic fast-growing wood.
And repairing the wet veneer according to the specific condition of the economic fast growing wood.
The manganese steel blade is preferably milled, and the milled manganese steel blade is smooth and has no tool mark and is not fluffy.
The preferred milling machine tool prevents milling induced fuzz.
High-frequency microwave heating uses a high-frequency generator.
In the secondary curing, the cooling time is generally 12 hours in summer and 8 hours in winter.
The method for adjusting the adhesive viscosity comprises the following steps: if the viscosity of the adhesive is low, about 5 percent of flour can be added for adjustment, and if the viscosity is high, about 2 percent of water can be added for adjustment.
The glue is adjusted according to the specific condition of the glue viscosity.
Compared with the prior art, the method has the following advantages:
1) according to the aldehyde-free technical veneer production method for the veneer solid wood multi-layer board assembly, the purpose of producing the aldehyde-free technical veneer with good performance by using small-diameter wood and small-diameter wood is achieved through the cooperation of the preferred type of aldehyde-free glue, the preferred glue application amount and the optimized assembly production process (including the preferred splicing method, and the cold pressing process and the pressure maintaining process), the minimum diameter of the usable economic fast-growing wood is about 14cm, the glue application amount is small, the method is green and environment-friendly, and the problems of squaring, cracking, burrs and the like in the manufacturing process can be solved;
2) the optimized vinyl ester adhesive is green and environment-friendly, has good flexibility and high strength of an adhesive layer, and can solve the problems of squaring, cracking and the like in the production process of the scientific and technological veneer to the maximum extent;
3) the optimal slab height can improve the outturn percentage to more than 80 percent, and the outturn percentage is about 70 percent generally at present;
4) the optimal glue application amount is matched with the optimal glue water amount, so that the optimal anti-explosion and anti-cracking effect can be achieved by adopting the minimum glue water amount;
5) the number of layers is optimized for cold pressing, the pressing effect of the plate blank is optimal, and the effects of preventing the plate blank from being exploded and cracking can be improved;
6) the optimized cold pressing pressure can ensure the pressing effect and the anti-explosion and anti-cracking effect to the maximum extent.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples.
Example 1
The invention relates to a production method of aldehyde-free technical veneers for veneer solid wood multilayer board assembly, which comprises the following steps of:
(1) drying the economic fast-growing wood wet veneer until the water content is 6%, and then repairing the economic fast-growing wood wet veneer;
(2) arranging and splicing the economic fast-growing wood wet single plates treated in the step (1) into single-layer single plates with all cross grains in an environment of more than or equal to 5 ℃, stacking the single-layer single plate assemblies with the cross grains, enabling the grain extension directions of all the single-layer single plates to be consistent, coating aldehyde-free glue between two adjacent single-layer single plates stacked up and down in the stacking process, and enabling the glue application amount between every two adjacent single-layer single plates to be 260 g; cold pressing at normal temperature for 11min under 16.5Mpa after stacking 20 layers, and repeating the above steps until reaching the required height to obtain a plate blank;
(3) maintaining the pressure of the plate blank in the step (2) at 16.5Mpa for 13min, then heating the plate blank by high-frequency microwave of 120kHz for 4h, and keeping the plate blank in the previous pressure maintaining state during heating;
(4) primary curing: preserving the heat of the plate blank subjected to the step (3) at the temperature of 32 ℃ for 3.5 days, and keeping the plate blank in a previous pressure maintaining state in the heat preservation process;
(5) secondary curing: keeping the plate blank in the step (4) in a previous pressure maintaining state, placing the plate blank in a room temperature environment for cooling until the temperature of the plate blank is reduced to the room temperature, and then removing the pressure maintaining state of the plate blank;
(6) milling to remove burrs of the plate blank, and then slicing the plate blank into aldehyde-free technical veneers with the thickness of 0.8 mm;
wherein the aldehyde-free adhesive in the step (2) is a vinyl ester adhesive with the adhesive viscosity of 40000 Pa.s.
The height of the plate blank obtained in the step (2) is 1350 mm.
The length of the single-layer veneer with the cross grains along the grain extending direction is 1300mm, and the length of the single-layer veneer along the direction perpendicular to the grain extending direction is 2500 mm.
And (2) the economic fast-growing wood wet veneer is subjected to bleaching and dyeing processes in sequence before being dried in the step (1).
Example 2
The invention relates to a production method of aldehyde-free technical veneers for veneer solid wood multilayer board assembly, which comprises the following steps of:
(1) drying the economic fast-growing wood wet veneer until the water content is 4%, and then repairing the economic fast-growing wood wet veneer;
(2) arranging and splicing the economic fast-growing wood wet single plates treated in the step (1) into single-layer single plates with all cross grains in an environment with the temperature of more than or equal to 5 ℃, stacking the single-layer single plate assemblies with the cross grains, enabling the grain extending directions of all the single-layer single plates to be consistent, coating aldehyde-free glue between every two adjacent single-layer single plates stacked up and down in the stacking process, and enabling the glue applying amount between every two adjacent single-layer single plates to be 240 g; cold pressing at normal temperature for 9min under the pressure of 16Mpa after stacking 18 layers, and repeating the processes of stacking, coating non-formaldehyde glue and cold pressing until reaching the required height to obtain a plate blank;
(3) maintaining the pressure of the plate blank in the step (2) for 10min under the pressure of 16Mpa, and then heating the plate blank by high-frequency microwave of 100kHz for 3h, wherein the plate blank is always kept in the previous pressure maintaining state during heating;
(4) primary curing: preserving the heat of the plate blank subjected to the step (3) at the temperature of 30 ℃ for 3 days, and keeping the plate blank in a previous pressure maintaining state in the heat preservation process;
(5) secondary curing: keeping the plate blank in the step (4) in a previous pressure maintaining state, placing the plate blank in a room temperature environment for cooling until the temperature of the plate blank is reduced to the room temperature, and then removing the pressure maintaining state of the plate blank;
(6) milling to remove burrs of the plate blank, and then slicing the plate blank into aldehyde-free technical veneers with the thickness of 0.3 mm;
wherein the aldehyde-free adhesive in the step (2) is a vinyl ester adhesive with the adhesive viscosity of 30000 Pa.s.
The height of the slab obtained in the step (2) is 1300 mm.
The length of the single-layer veneer with the transverse grains along the grain extending direction is 1200mm, and the length of the single-layer veneer along the direction perpendicular to the grain extending direction is 2300 mm.
The economic fast-growing wood wet veneer is subjected to bleaching and dyeing processes in sequence before being dried.
Example 3
The invention relates to a production method of aldehyde-free technical veneers for veneer solid wood multilayer board assembly, which comprises the following steps of:
(1) drying the economic fast-growing wood wet veneer until the water content is 8%, and then repairing the economic fast-growing wood wet veneer;
(2) arranging and splicing the economic fast-growing wood wet single plates treated in the step (1) into single-layer single plates with all cross grains in an environment with the temperature of more than or equal to 5 ℃, stacking the single-layer single plate assembly with the cross grains, enabling the grain extending directions of all the single-layer single plates to be consistent, coating aldehyde-free glue between every two adjacent single-layer single plates stacked up and down in the stacking process, and enabling the glue application amount between every two adjacent single-layer single plates to be 280 g; cold pressing at normal temperature for 11min under 17MPa after stacking 22 layers, and repeating the above steps until reaching the required height to obtain a plate blank;
(3) maintaining the pressure of the plate blank in the step (2) at 17MPa for 15min, then heating the plate blank by 150kHz high-frequency microwave for 5h, and keeping the plate blank in the previous pressure maintaining state during heating;
(4) primary curing: preserving the heat of the plate blank subjected to the step (3) at the temperature of 35 ℃ for 4 days, and keeping the plate blank in a previous pressure maintaining state in the heat preservation process;
(5) secondary curing: keeping the plate blank in the step (4) in a previous pressure maintaining state, placing the plate blank in a room temperature environment for cooling until the temperature of the plate blank is reduced to the room temperature, and then removing the pressure maintaining state of the plate blank;
(6) milling to remove burrs of the plate blank, and then slicing the plate blank into aldehyde-free technical veneers with the thickness of 1.2 mm;
wherein the aldehyde-free adhesive in the step (2) is a vinyl ester adhesive with the adhesive viscosity of 50000 Pa.s.
The height of the slab obtained in the step (2) is 1400 mm.
The length of the single-layer veneer with the transverse grains along the grain extending direction is 1400mm, and the length of the single-layer veneer along the direction perpendicular to the grain extending direction is 2700 mm.
The economic fast-growing wood wet veneer is subjected to bleaching and dyeing processes in sequence before being dried.
Example 4
The invention relates to a production method of aldehyde-free technical veneers for veneer solid wood multilayer board assembly, which comprises the following steps of:
(1) drying the economic fast-growing wood wet veneer until the water content is 7%, and then repairing the economic fast-growing wood wet veneer;
(2) arranging and splicing the economic fast-growing wood wet single plates treated in the step (1) into single-layer single plates with all vertical grains in an environment with the temperature of more than or equal to 5 ℃, stacking the single-layer single plate assemblies with the vertical grains, enabling the grain extending directions of all the single-layer single plates to be consistent, coating aldehyde-free glue between every two adjacent single-layer single plates stacked up and down in the stacking process, and enabling the glue application amount between every two adjacent single-layer single plates to be 300 g; cold pressing at normal temperature for 10min under the pressure of 18Mpa after stacking 19 layers each time, and then repeating the processes of stacking, coating the non-formaldehyde glue and cold pressing until reaching the required height to obtain a plate blank;
(3) maintaining the pressure of the plate blank in the step (2) at 18MPa for 12min, and then heating the plate blank by high-frequency microwave at 130kHz for 4h, wherein the plate blank is kept in the previous pressure maintaining state during heating;
(4) primary curing: preserving the heat of the plate blank subjected to the step (3) at the temperature of 32 ℃ for 3.5 days, and keeping the plate blank in a previous pressure maintaining state in the heat preservation process;
(5) secondary curing: keeping the plate blank in the step (4) in a previous pressure maintaining state, placing the plate blank in a room temperature environment for cooling until the temperature of the plate blank is reduced to the room temperature, and then removing the pressure maintaining state of the plate blank;
(6) milling to remove burrs of the plate blank, and then slicing the plate blank into aldehyde-free technical veneers with the thickness of 1.0 mm;
wherein the aldehyde-free adhesive in the step (2) is a vinyl ester adhesive with the adhesive viscosity of 35000 Pa.s.
The vinyl ester adhesive is prepared by mixing and stirring SK-WQY1A formaldehyde-free adhesive produced by three-tree paint company Limited with the viscosity adjusted to 50000mPa.s and SK-WQY1B formaldehyde-free adhesive produced by three-tree paint company Limited with the viscosity adjusted to 30000mPa.s according to the weight ratio of 1: 1, wherein the solid content of the SK-WQY1A formaldehyde-free adhesive is 58% and the pH value is 3.5; SK-WQY1B had an aldehyde-free gum with a solids content of 58% and a pH of 7.5.
The vinyl ester adhesive comprises the following adhesive mixing steps: pouring the two glues together according to the weight ratio, stirring for 16min, and after uniformly stirring, adjusting the glue viscosity of the mixture to 35000 Pa.s; the prepared glue is applied within 8 hours, and cold pressing is carried out within 4 hours after the glue is applied.
The height of the plate blank obtained in the step (2) is 1350 mm.
The length of the single-layer veneer with the vertical lines along the line extending direction is 2500mm, and the length of the single-layer veneer with the vertical lines along the line extending direction is 1300 mm.
The economic fast-growing wood wet veneer is subjected to bleaching and dyeing processes in sequence before being dried.
Example 5
The invention relates to a production method of aldehyde-free technical veneers for veneer solid wood multilayer board assembly, which comprises the following steps of:
(1) drying the economic fast-growing wood wet veneer until the water content is 4%, and then repairing the economic fast-growing wood wet veneer;
(2) arranging and splicing the economic fast-growing wood wet single plates treated in the step (1) into single-layer single plates with all vertical grains in an environment with the temperature of more than or equal to 5 ℃, stacking the single-layer single plate assemblies with the vertical grains, enabling the grain extending directions of all the single-layer single plates to be consistent, coating aldehyde-free glue between every two adjacent single-layer single plates stacked up and down in the stacking process, and enabling the glue application amount between every two adjacent single-layer single plates to be 240 g; cold pressing at normal temperature under 15MPa for 9min after stacking 19 layers, and repeating the above steps until reaching the required height to obtain a plate blank;
(3) maintaining the pressure of the plate blank in the step (2) for 10min under the pressure of 15Mpa, and then heating the plate blank by high-frequency microwave of 100kHz for 3h, wherein the plate blank is always kept in the previous pressure maintaining state during heating;
(4) primary curing: preserving the heat of the plate blank subjected to the step (3) at the temperature of 30 ℃ for 3 days, and keeping the plate blank in a previous pressure maintaining state in the heat preservation process;
(5) secondary curing: keeping the plate blank in the step (4) in a previous pressure maintaining state, placing the plate blank in a room temperature environment for cooling until the temperature of the plate blank is reduced to the room temperature, and then removing the pressure maintaining state of the plate blank;
(6) milling to remove burrs of the plate blank, and then slicing the plate blank into aldehyde-free technical veneers with the thickness of 0.3 mm;
wherein the aldehyde-free adhesive in the step (2) is a vinyl ester adhesive with the adhesive viscosity of 30000 Pa.s.
The vinyl ester adhesive is prepared by mixing and stirring SK-WQY1A formaldehyde-free adhesive produced by three-tree paint company Limited with the viscosity adjusted to 40000mPa.s and SK-WQY1B formaldehyde-free adhesive produced by three-tree paint company Limited with the viscosity adjusted to 15000mPa.s according to the weight ratio of 0.8: 1, wherein the solid content of the SK-WQY1A formaldehyde-free adhesive is 57%, and the pH value is 3; SK-WQY1B had an aldehyde-free gum with a solids content of 57% and a pH of 7.
The vinyl ester adhesive comprises the following adhesive mixing steps: pouring the two glues together according to a weight ratio, stirring for 13min, and after uniformly stirring, adjusting the glue viscosity of the mixture to 30000 Pa.s; the prepared glue is applied within 8 hours, and cold pressing is carried out within 3 hours after the glue is applied.
The height of the slab obtained in the step (2) is 1300 mm.
The length of the single-layer single plate with the vertical grains along the grain extending direction is 2300mm, and the length of the single-layer single plate with the vertical grains along the direction perpendicular to the grain extending direction is 1400 mm.
The economic fast-growing wood wet veneer is subjected to bleaching and dyeing processes in sequence before being dried.
Example 6
The invention relates to a production method of aldehyde-free technical veneers for veneer solid wood multilayer board assembly, which comprises the following steps of:
(1) drying the economic fast-growing wood wet veneer until the water content is 8%, and then repairing the economic fast-growing wood wet veneer;
(2) arranging and splicing the economic fast-growing wood wet single plates treated in the step (1) into vertical single-layer single plates in an environment with the temperature of more than or equal to 5 ℃, stacking single-layer single-plate group blanks of the same type, enabling the grain extending directions of all the single-layer single plates to be consistent, then coating formaldehyde-free glue between every two adjacent single-layer single plates stacked up and down, and enabling the glue application amount between every two adjacent single-layer single plates to be 350 g; cold pressing at 20MPa for 11min after stacking 21 layers, and repeating the steps until the required height is reached to obtain a plate blank;
(3) maintaining the pressure of the plate blank in the step (2) at 20Mpa for 15min, and then heating the plate blank up and down by 150kHz high-frequency microwave for 5h, wherein the plate blank is in a pressure maintaining state all the time during heating;
(4) primary curing: preserving the heat of the plate blank in the pressure maintaining state in the step (3) at 35 ℃ for 4 days;
(5) secondary curing: taking out the plate blank in the pressure maintaining state in the step (4) to a room temperature environment for cooling until the temperature of the plate blank is reduced to the room temperature, and then removing the pressure maintaining state of the plate blank;
(6) milling to remove burrs of the plate blank, and then slicing the plate blank into aldehyde-free technical veneers with the thickness of 1.2 mm;
wherein the formaldehyde-free adhesive is a vinyl ester adhesive with the adhesive viscosity of 50000 Pa.s.
The vinyl ester adhesive is three trees SK-WQY1A and three trees SK-WQY1B, wherein SK-WQY 1A: the solid content is 59 percent, the pH value is 4, the viscosity is adjusted to 60000mPa.s, SK-WQY 1B: the solid content is 59 percent, the pH value is 8, the viscosity is adjusted to 35000mPa.s, the glue mixing dosage proportion is that the weight ratio of SK-WQY1A to SK-WQY1B is 1.2: 1, and the glue mixing steps are as follows: pouring the two glues together and stirring for 18min, and after stirring uniformly, adjusting the glue viscosity of the mixture of the two glues to 50000 Pa.s; the prepared glue is used within 8 hours, and cold pressing is carried out within 5 hours after the glue is applied in the step (2).
The height of the slab in the step (2) is 1400 mm.
The single-layer vertical grain veneer is 2700mm in length and 1200mm in width.
The economic fast-growing wood wet veneer is subjected to bleaching and dyeing processes in sequence before being dried.
(1) Drying the economic fast-growing wood wet veneer until the water content is 8%, and then repairing the economic fast-growing wood wet veneer;
(2) arranging and splicing the economic fast-growing wood wet single plates treated in the step (1) into single-layer single plates with all vertical grains in an environment with the temperature of more than or equal to 5 ℃, stacking the single-layer single plate assemblies with the vertical grains, enabling the grain extending directions of all the single-layer single plates to be consistent, coating aldehyde-free glue between every two adjacent single-layer single plates stacked up and down in the stacking process, and enabling the glue applying amount between every two adjacent single-layer single plates to be 350 g; cold pressing at normal temperature under 20MPa for 11min after stacking 21 layers, and repeating the above steps until reaching the required height to obtain a plate blank;
(3) maintaining the pressure of the plate blank in the step (2) at 20Mpa for 15min, then heating the plate blank by 150kHz high-frequency microwave for 5h, and keeping the plate blank in the previous pressure maintaining state during heating;
(4) primary curing: preserving the heat of the plate blank subjected to the step (3) at the temperature of 35 ℃ for 4 days, and keeping the plate blank in a previous pressure maintaining state in the heat preservation process;
(5) secondary curing: keeping the plate blank in the step (4) in a previous pressure maintaining state, placing the plate blank in a room temperature environment for cooling until the temperature of the plate blank is reduced to the room temperature, and then removing the pressure maintaining state of the plate blank;
(6) milling to remove burrs of the plate blank, and then slicing the plate blank into aldehyde-free technical veneers with the thickness of 1.2 mm;
wherein the aldehyde-free adhesive in the step (2) is a vinyl ester adhesive with the adhesive viscosity of 50000 Pa.s.
The vinyl ester adhesive is prepared by mixing and stirring SK-WQY1A formaldehyde-free adhesive produced by three-tree paint company Limited with the viscosity adjusted to 60000mPa.s and SK-WQY1B formaldehyde-free adhesive produced by three-tree paint company Limited with the viscosity adjusted to 35000mPa.s according to the weight ratio of 1.2: 1, wherein the solid content of the SK-WQY1A formaldehyde-free adhesive is 59%, and the pH value is 4; SK-WQY1B had an aldehyde-free gum with a solids content of 59% and a pH of 8.
The vinyl ester adhesive comprises the following adhesive mixing steps: pouring the two glues together according to a weight ratio, stirring for 18min, and after uniformly stirring, adjusting the glue viscosity of the mixture to 50000 Pa.s; the prepared glue is applied within 8 hours, and cold pressing is carried out within 5 hours after the glue is applied.
The height of the slab obtained in the step (2) is 1400 mm.
The length of the single-layer veneer of the vertical grains along the grain extending direction is 2700mm, and the length of the single-layer veneer along the direction perpendicular to the grain extending direction is 1200 mm.
And (2) the economic fast-growing wood wet veneer is subjected to bleaching and dyeing processes in sequence before being dried in the step (1).
Experimental data:
the environmental protection performance data of the product in the scheme (the following parameters are determined according to the methods in GB/T18103-
Table 1 environmental performance data for the product of the present case
Wherein the detection method adopted by the formaldehyde emission is a climatic chamber method.
Secondly, comparing the performance of the product of the scheme with that of the prior technical wood veneer (the process is shown in a patent CN201710351157.2) produced by adopting non-formaldehyde glue (the following parameters are measured according to the method in GB/T17657-
TABLE 2 comparison table of the product of the present case and the existing scientific and technological wood veneer produced by adopting formaldehyde-free glue
(III) the preferred formaldehyde-free adhesive performance data (the following parameters were determined according to the method in HJ 2541-2016)
TABLE 3 Properties of 1: 1 weight ratio blends of three Tree coating stocks, SK-WQY1A and SK-WQY1B
As can be seen from the above tables 1-3, the product has low content of harmful substances, is green and environment-friendly, can fully utilize small-diameter wood or small-diameter wood, has high outturn percentage, is not easy to be exploded, lack of silks and crack in the production process, and has good quality, good strength and firm bonding.
Raw material and equipment information:
wet veneer of economic fast growing wood: the rotary-cut factory of Jiangsu Persica lake has the length of 1300mm (used for splicing single-layer veneers with cross grains)/2600 mm (used for splicing single-layer veneers with vertical grains), the width is random, and the thickness is as required
A high-frequency generator: shijiazhuang high-source high-frequency science and technology limited
A glue spreader: linyi construction machinery plant
Arranging boards and paving lines: lin Yixinnuo mechanical plant
A cold press: 1200 ton or 800 ton of near-Yiyu mechanical plant
Slicing machine: peony river woodworking machinery factory (straight grain), Qingdao woodworking machinery factory (horizontal grain)
A dryer: changzhou drying plant (three-layer net belt type)
No aldehyde glue: three-Tree paint GmbH SK-WQY1A and SK-WQY 1B.
The method for producing aldehyde-free technical veneers for finishing solid wood multi-layer board assembly according to the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and any modification or replacement according to the principles of the present invention should be within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A production method of aldehyde-free technical veneers for veneer solid wood multilayer board assembly is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps of:
(1) drying the economic fast-growing wood wet veneer until the water content is between 4 and 8 percent, and then repairing the economic fast-growing wood wet veneer;
(2) arranging and splicing the economic fast-growing wood wet single plates treated in the step (1) into single-layer single plates with all transverse grains or all vertical grains in an environment with the temperature of more than or equal to 5 ℃, stacking the single-layer single plate assemblies with the same grains, enabling the grain extending directions of all the single-layer single plates to be consistent, coating aldehyde-free glue between two adjacent single plates stacked up and down in the stacking process, and coating glue between every two adjacent single plates in an amount of 240-350 g; cold pressing at normal temperature under 15-20Mpa for 10 + -1 min after stacking 18-22 layers, and repeating the above steps until reaching the required height to obtain the plate blank;
(3) maintaining the pressure of the plate blank in the step (2) at 15-20Mpa for 10-15min, and then heating the plate blank by 100-150kHz high-frequency microwave for 3-5h, wherein the plate blank is kept in the previous pressure maintaining state during heating;
(4) primary curing: preserving the heat of the plate blank subjected to the step (3) at the temperature of 30-35 ℃ for 3-4 days, and keeping the plate blank in a previous pressure maintaining state in the heat preserving process;
(5) secondary curing: keeping the plate blank in the step (4) in a previous pressure maintaining state, placing the plate blank in a room temperature environment for cooling until the temperature of the plate blank is reduced to the room temperature, and then removing the pressure maintaining state of the plate blank;
(6) milling to remove burrs of the plate blank, and then slicing the plate blank into aldehyde-free technical veneers with the thickness of 0.3-1.2 mm;
wherein, the aldehyde-free adhesive in the step (2) is a vinyl ester adhesive with the adhesive viscosity of 30000-50000 Pa.s;
the economic fast-growing wood is small-diameter wood and small-diameter wood of economic fast-growing wood;
the vinyl ester adhesive is prepared by mixing and stirring SK-WQY A aldehyde-free adhesive produced by three-tree paint company Limited with the viscosity adjusted to 40000-; SK-WQY1B had an aldehyde-free gum with a solids content of 57-59% and a pH of 7-8.
2. The method of producing aldehyde-free technical veneer for faced solid wood multi-layer board assembly according to claim 1, wherein: the vinyl ester adhesive comprises the following adhesive mixing steps: pouring the two glues together according to the weight ratio, stirring for 13-18min, and after uniformly stirring, adjusting the glue viscosity of the mixture to 30000-50000 Pa.s; the prepared glue is applied within 8 hours, and cold pressing is carried out within 4 plus or minus 1 hour after the glue is applied.
3. The method of producing aldehyde-free technical veneer for veneering a solid wood multi-layer board assembly according to claim 1, wherein: the height of the slab obtained in the step (2) is 1300-1400 mm.
4. The method of producing aldehyde-free technical veneer for veneering a solid wood multi-layer board assembly according to claim 1, wherein: the glue application amount between two adjacent single-layer veneers is 240-280 g.
5. The method of producing aldehyde-free technical veneer for veneering a solid wood multi-layer board assembly according to claim 1, wherein: and (3) performing cold pressing after stacking 20 layers in the step (2).
6. The method of producing aldehyde-free technical veneer for veneering a solid wood multi-layer board assembly according to claim 1, wherein: and (3) the cold pressing pressure in the step (2) is 16-17 Mpa.
7. The method of producing aldehyde-free technical veneer for veneering a solid wood multi-layer board assembly according to claim 1, wherein: the length of the single-layer veneer with the transverse grains along the grain extending direction is 1200-1400mm, and the length along the direction perpendicular to the grain extending direction is 2300-2700 mm; the length of the single-layer single plate of the vertical grains along the grain extending direction is 2300-2700mm, and the length along the direction perpendicular to the grain extending direction is 1200-1400 mm.
8. The method of producing aldehyde-free technical veneer for veneering a solid wood multi-layer board assembly according to claim 1, wherein: and (2) the economic fast-growing wood wet veneer is subjected to bleaching and dyeing processes in sequence before being dried in the step (1).
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| CN102179851A (en) * | 2011-03-30 | 2011-09-14 | 南京林业大学 | Method for manufacturing fast-growing poplar technical wood sawn timber at low temperature |
| CN102423891B (en) * | 2011-09-01 | 2014-04-09 | 中国林业科学研究院木材工业研究所 | Manufacturing method of non-formaldehyde solid wood composite floor using low-density cottonwood veneers as base materials |
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