CN111822647B - Manufacturing method of rolling piston for refrigeration compressor - Google Patents

Manufacturing method of rolling piston for refrigeration compressor Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111822647B
CN111822647B CN202010505491.0A CN202010505491A CN111822647B CN 111822647 B CN111822647 B CN 111822647B CN 202010505491 A CN202010505491 A CN 202010505491A CN 111822647 B CN111822647 B CN 111822647B
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blank
rolling piston
cold heading
pressing
steps
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CN111822647A (en
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庄希平
林国富
郑贺
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Ningbo Yongwei Group Co ltd
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Ningbo Yongwei Group Co ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21KMAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
    • B21K1/00Making machine elements
    • B21K1/18Making machine elements pistons or plungers
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21JFORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J5/00Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
    • B21J5/002Hybrid process, e.g. forging following casting
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21JFORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J5/00Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
    • B21J5/02Die forging; Trimming by making use of special dies ; Punching during forging
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21JFORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J5/00Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
    • B21J5/06Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor for performing particular operations
    • B21J5/08Upsetting
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04CROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C18/00Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04C18/30Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids having the characteristics covered by two or more of groups F04C18/02, F04C18/08, F04C18/22, F04C18/24, F04C18/48, or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members
    • F04C18/34Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids having the characteristics covered by two or more of groups F04C18/02, F04C18/08, F04C18/22, F04C18/24, F04C18/48, or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F04C18/08 or F04C18/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members
    • F04C18/356Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids having the characteristics covered by two or more of groups F04C18/02, F04C18/08, F04C18/22, F04C18/24, F04C18/48, or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F04C18/08 or F04C18/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the outer member
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04CROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C2230/00Manufacture
    • F04C2230/20Manufacture essentially without removing material
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04CROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C2230/00Manufacture
    • F04C2230/20Manufacture essentially without removing material
    • F04C2230/24Manufacture essentially without removing material by extrusion
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04CROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C2230/00Manufacture
    • F04C2230/40Heat treatment
    • F04C2230/41Hardening; Annealing
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04CROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C2230/00Manufacture
    • F04C2230/90Improving properties of machine parts
    • F04C2230/92Surface treatment
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04CROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C2240/00Components
    • F04C2240/20Rotors

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Compressor (AREA)

Abstract

A method of manufacturing a rolling piston for a refrigeration compressor, comprising the steps of: (1) selecting steel suitable for cold heading as a raw material; (2) pretreating raw materials; (3) cutting the pretreated raw material into a cold heading blank; (4) performing cold heading processing on the cold heading blank to obtain a rolling piston coarse material; (5) and (4) performing subsequent processing on the rolling piston coarse material until the specified requirements of the rolling piston finished product are met. The invention has the advantages that the cold heading mode is adopted for the production of the rolling piston of the refrigeration compressor for the first time, the production process can be simplified, the product precision is improved, the reserved processing allowance of the rolling piston material is less, the processing is easy, the utilization rate of raw materials is high, and therefore, the manufacturing cost is reduced; the invention has fast production beat, comprehensive functions, saves the consumable materials required by production, and improves the production efficiency and the material utilization rate; the cold heading form is adopted for blank making, the microstructure of the piston is more uniform, the density is higher, and the product performance is further improved.

Description

Manufacturing method of rolling piston for refrigeration compressor
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for manufacturing a component of a refrigeration compressor.
Background
Rotary refrigeration compressors, also known as rolling rotor compressors, which utilize the rotation of a piston to compress a refrigerant gas have been on the market for many years and are one of the most commonly used compressors today.
The rolling piston is an important part of a rotary refrigeration compressor sleeve, is arranged on an eccentric crank of an eccentric shaft of a compressor, rolls along the wall of a cylinder during refrigeration, and a slip sheet is in tight contact with the outer circular wall surface of a rolling rotor under the action of a spring force to form a dynamic seal.
For a long time, the rolling piston is generally manufactured by a casting method, a pipe body is cast firstly, then the pipe body is cut, and then inner hole and outer circle turning, peeling and grinding are carried out, so that more allowance is required to be left in the cast pipe body, the utilization rate of piston materials is only about 60%, the manufacturing process is complex, and the manufacturing cost is high; the material is a hardenable cast iron part which contains Ni, Mo and Cr alloy elements and has pearlite content of more than 70 percent, and the hardness of the hardened cast iron part is HRC45-55 after quenching and tempering, so that the material has limitation, and the hardness, the wear resistance and the contact fatigue life of the manufactured rolling piston are not ideal; in addition, because the rolling piston is manufactured by a casting method, a large amount of three wastes are generated in the casting process, the environment is seriously influenced, the pollution is caused, the working environment is poor, and the body health of operators is also influenced.
Therefore, the applicant improves the manufacturing method of the rolling piston, and the rolling piston is manufactured by adopting a rolling method, and the material is changed from cast iron to carburizing steel. The rolling piston for a refrigeration compressor and the manufacturing method thereof, as disclosed in chinese patent document CN105041658A of the present applicant, adopt carburizing steel for cold rolling, and the manufacturing method thereof includes the following steps:
firstly, carburizing steel is selected and is cold-rolled into a steel pipe which meets the precision required by a rolling piston according to the requirement;
secondly, cutting the steel pipe to the size of the required rolling piston ring material;
thirdly, carburizing and quenching rolling piston ring materials;
(IV) cold treating the rolling piston ring material;
(V) tempering the rolling piston ring material;
(VI), roughly grinding each surface of the rolling piston ring material;
and (seventhly), finely grinding (finishing) each surface of the rolling piston ring material until the specified requirements are met.
However, the production process of the carburizing steel pipe is relatively complex and has room for improvement.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention aims at overcoming the demerits of available technology, and provides one kind of rolling piston for refrigerating compressor with simple production process.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
the manufacturing method of the rolling piston for the refrigeration compressor is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) selecting steel suitable for cold heading as a raw material;
(2) pretreating raw materials;
(3) cutting the pretreated raw material into a cold heading blank;
(4) performing cold heading processing on the cold heading blank to obtain a rolling piston coarse material;
(5) and (4) performing subsequent processing on the rolling piston coarse material until the specified requirements of the rolling piston finished product are met.
Preferably, the feedstock is in the form of a coil.
Preferably, the raw material pretreatment in the step (2) comprises spheroidizing annealing, acid washing and phosphating, the spheroidizing annealing temperature is 760-: 40-48 hours.
Preferably, the cold heading processing in the step (4) comprises the following steps: shaping, pressing balls, positioning, stretching, through hole drawing and finishing.
More specifically, the shaping process comprises the following steps: pressing one end of the cold heading blank into a first die for cold heading and shaping, so that the lower end of the cold heading blank forms a fillet;
the ball pressing process comprises the following steps: pressing the blank subjected to the shaping process into a second die for cold heading and ball pressing, so that the upper end and the lower end of the blank form inward inclined planes respectively;
the positioning procedure comprises the following steps: pressing the blank processed by the ball pressing procedure into a third die, upsetting two ends of the blank, and pressing inward notches in the middle of the two ends for positioning;
the stretching process comprises the following steps: pressing the blank processed by the positioning procedure into a fourth die, stretching the blank, forming a cylindrical hole at the upper part of the blank, and forming a partition at the lower part of the blank;
the through hole drawing and polishing process comprises the following steps: pressing the blank processed by the drawing process into a fifth die, and punching off the partition between the cylindrical through holes in the middle parts of the upper end and the lower end of the blank to form a piston blank with a cylindrical through hole in the middle;
the finishing process comprises the following steps: and pressing the blank processed by the through hole process into a sixth die, so that the diameter of the middle through hole of the blank is further enlarged to the size required by the finished rolling piston product, and the height of the blank is further increased to reach the size required by the rough rolling piston product.
Preferably, the notch is a circular arc notch.
Preferably, the inclination angle of the upper end inclined plane formed in the ball pressing process is slightly larger than that of the lower end inclined plane.
Preferably, the inclination angle of the upper end inclined plane is 125-130 degrees, and the inclination angle of the lower end inclined plane is 110-120 degrees.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1. the invention can conveniently and continuously process the cold heading steel raw material in a coiled material form, can reduce the processing broken ends generated by taking wire rods, steel pipes and the like as raw materials, avoids the defects of more processing broken ends and more material waste generated by taking the wire rods, the steel pipes and the like as raw materials, and improves the material utilization rate.
2. The invention carries out spheroidizing annealing on the cold heading steel, thereby reducing the difficulty of subsequent cold heading and improving the qualification rate of products.
3. The invention adopts the cold heading mode for producing the rolling piston of the refrigeration compressor for the first time, thereby simplifying the production process, improving the product precision, reducing the subsequent processing amount of the rolling piston material, being easy to process and having high steel utilization rate, and reducing the manufacturing cost.
4. According to the invention, the steel material suitable for cold heading is coiled and integrated with the annealing spheroidization and multi-station cold heading processes, so that the machining of the rolling piston material can be integrally completed from the steel material, and the machining of multiple devices and multiple processes can be omitted, therefore, the rolling piston material is convenient to manufacture and high in production efficiency.
5. The invention has the advantages of fast production rhythm, comprehensive functions, saving of consumable materials required by production, and improvement of production efficiency and material utilization rate; due to the adoption of the cold heading manufacturing form, the microstructure of steel is more uniform, the density is higher, and the performance of the manufactured rolling piston product for the refrigeration compressor is further improved.
6. The invention avoids the pollution to the environment because of not adopting cast iron raw materials and casting methods.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a rolling piston for a rotary refrigeration compressor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a flow chart of the rolling piston cold heading forming for the rotary refrigeration compressor according to the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3a-3g are schematic diagrams illustrating the shape change of the blank during the cold heading forming process of the rolling piston for the rotary refrigeration compressor according to the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4a-4g are schematic diagrams of the shape change of the blank in the corresponding die in the cold heading forming process of the rolling piston for the rotary refrigeration compressor according to the embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described by the embodiments in the following figures.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 2, 3a-3g and 4a-4g, the method for manufacturing a rolling piston for a refrigeration compressor comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting steel suitable for cold heading as raw material
In the embodiment, GCr15 steel is selected as a raw material, and the raw material is preferably in a cylindrical coiled material form;
(2) pretreatment of the raw material
Spheroidizing annealing is carried out on raw materials, preferably the whole roll of raw materials, the spheroidizing temperature is 800 ℃, the time is 48 hours, and acid washing and phosphorization are carried out after the spheroidizing annealing;
(3) cutting the pretreated raw material into a cold heading blank, namely blanking, by using a cold heading machine, as shown in figures 2 and 3 a;
(4) and carrying out cold heading processing on the cold heading blank to obtain a rolling piston rough material as shown in figures 3a-3g and figures 4a-4 g.
The cold heading forming process comprises the following steps:
(I) shaping: pressing one end of the cold heading blank into a first die for cold heading and shaping, so that the lower end of the cold heading blank forms a round angle, then demolding and conveying to the next station, as shown in figures 3b and 4 b;
(II) pressing balls: pressing the blank processed in the step (1) into a second die to perform cold heading ball pressing, so that an inward inclined surface B, C is formed on each of the upper end and the lower end of the blank, the inclination angle a of the inclined surface at the upper end is slightly larger than the inclination angle b of the inclined surface at the lower end, and then demolding and conveying to the next station, as shown in fig. 3c and 4 c; wherein the upper inclination angle a is 130 degrees, and the lower inclination angle b is 120 degrees;
(III) positioning: pressing the blank processed in the step (2) into a third die, upsetting two ends of the blank, pressing inward notches F in the middle of the two ends for positioning, demolding and conveying to the next station, and shown in FIGS. 3d and 4 d; wherein, the notch F is a circular arc notch;
(IV) stretching: pressing the blank processed in the step (3) into a fourth die, stretching the blank, forming a cylindrical hole G at the upper part of the fourth die, separating the cylindrical hole G from the lower part of the fourth die by a partition H, and demolding and conveying the blank to the next station, as shown in figures 3e and 4 e;
(V) through hole polishing: pressing the blank processed in the step (4) into a fifth die, punching off a partition H between cylindrical through holes in the middle parts of the upper end and the lower end of the blank to form a blank with a cylindrical through hole in the middle, wherein the diameter D1 of the cylindrical through hole is slightly smaller than the diameter D of the last blank of the rolling piston, demolding and conveying to the next station, and as shown in fig. 3f and 4 f;
(VI) finishing: and (3) pressing the blank processed in the step (5) into a sixth die, so that the diameter of the middle through hole of the blank is further enlarged to the diameter D of the through hole required by the rough material of the rolling piston, and thus, the inner hole of the rough material of the rolling piston can be used as a reference during the fine processing of the blank of the rolling piston, and the height of the rough material of the rolling piston is further increased to reach the required size of the rough material of the rolling piston, as shown in fig. 3g and 4 g.
(5) And (4) performing subsequent processing on the rolling piston coarse material until the specified requirements of the rolling piston finished product are met.
As for the subsequent processing in this step, the processing method in the prior application CN105041658A of the present applicant can be adopted, and other processing methods in the prior art can also be adopted.
Example 2
The manufacturing method of the rolling piston for the refrigeration compressor in the embodiment has the same steps as those of the method in the embodiment 1, and is different in that the adopted steel material is 20Cr, and the annealing conditions are as follows: the spheroidization temperature is 765 ℃, and the duration is 40 hours.
Example 3
The manufacturing method of the rolling piston for the refrigeration compressor in the embodiment has basically the same steps as the method in the embodiment 1, and the difference is that the adopted steel material is 40Cr, and the annealing conditions are as follows: the spheroidizing temperature is 770 ℃ and the time is 40 hours.
Example 4
The manufacturing method of the rolling piston for the refrigeration compressor of this example is substantially the same as the method of example 1 except that the steel material used is 20CrMnTi, and the annealing condition is a spheroidization temperature of 760 for a time period of 40 hours.

Claims (6)

1. The manufacturing method of the rolling piston for the refrigeration compressor is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) selecting steel suitable for cold heading as a raw material;
(2) pretreating raw materials;
(3) cutting the pretreated raw material into a cold heading blank;
(4) performing cold heading processing on the cold heading blank to obtain a rolling piston coarse material;
(5) carrying out subsequent processing on the rolling piston coarse material until the specified requirements of the rolling piston finished product are met;
the cold heading processing in the step (4) comprises the following steps: shaping, pressing balls, positioning, stretching, through hole drawing and finishing;
the shaping procedure comprises the following steps: pressing one end of the cold heading blank into a first die for cold heading and shaping, so that the lower end of the cold heading blank forms a fillet;
the ball pressing procedure comprises the following steps: pressing the blank subjected to the shaping process into a second die for cold heading and ball pressing to enable the upper end and the lower end of the blank to form inclined planes respectively;
the positioning process comprises the following steps: pressing the blank processed by the ball pressing procedure into a third die, upsetting two ends of the blank, and pressing inward notches in the middle of the two ends for positioning;
the stretching process comprises the following steps: pressing the blank processed by the positioning procedure into a fourth die, stretching the blank, forming a cylindrical hole at the upper part of the blank, and forming a partition at the lower part of the blank;
the through hole drawing and polishing process comprises the following steps: pressing the blank subjected to the stretching process into a fifth die, and punching off the partition between the middle cylindrical holes at the upper end and the lower end of the blank to form a piston blank with a cylindrical through hole in the middle;
the finishing process comprises the following steps: pressing the blank processed by the through hole polishing procedure into a sixth die, further enlarging the diameter of the through hole in the middle of the blank, and further improving the height to reach the size required by the rough material of the rolling piston;
the raw materials are GCr15 steel, 20Cr, 40Cr or 20 CrMnTi.
2. A method of manufacturing a rolling piston for a refrigeration compressor according to claim 1, characterized in that said raw material is in the form of a coil.
3. The method for manufacturing a rolling piston for a refrigerating compressor as recited in claim 2, wherein the raw material pretreatment in the step (2) is spheroidizing annealing, acid washing and phosphating, the spheroidizing annealing temperature is 760-: 40-48 hours.
4. A method of manufacturing a rolling piston for a refrigeration compressor according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein said recess is a circular arc-shaped recess.
5. A method for manufacturing a rolling piston for a refrigerating compressor as claimed in claim 1, wherein an inclination angle of the upper end inclined plane formed in the ball pressing process is slightly larger than that of the lower end inclined plane.
6. The method as claimed in claim 5, wherein the inclined angle of the upper end inclined plane is 130 degrees and the inclined angle of the lower end inclined plane is 120 degrees and 125 degrees.
CN202010505491.0A 2020-06-05 2020-06-05 Manufacturing method of rolling piston for refrigeration compressor Active CN111822647B (en)

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CN111822647B true CN111822647B (en) 2022-09-27

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CN114932185B (en) * 2022-05-06 2023-03-10 丽水市荣威纳轴承有限公司 Hollow ball cold heading process

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CN1448233A (en) * 2002-04-03 2003-10-15 龙永绥 Method of cold-heading valve spring seat by five-process puncher
RU2239511C1 (en) * 2003-04-24 2004-11-10 ОАО Верхнесалдинское металлургическое производственное объединение Method for making large-size pistons of internal combustion engines
CN101869960A (en) * 2010-05-13 2010-10-27 上海秋乐实业有限公司 Bush processing technology
CN102069348B (en) * 2010-11-19 2015-04-22 宁波行一汽车零部件有限公司 Method for manufacturing hose connector core
CN102059306B (en) * 2010-11-19 2015-08-05 宁波安拓实业有限公司 The multi-station cold-heading manufacture method of template die adjusting seat blank
CN102274922A (en) * 2011-02-01 2011-12-14 魏一波 Cold heading manufacturing method for tappet for internal combustion engine
CN102357627B (en) * 2011-10-12 2013-12-04 章升谊 Method for machining valve spring retainer by continuous cold heading once near net shape forming
CN102699632B (en) * 2012-06-04 2014-07-09 宁波安拓实业有限公司 Process for manufacturing lining blank of damper
CN104439031B (en) * 2014-11-26 2016-06-08 慈溪市天润电器实业有限公司 A kind of refrigeration compressor piston parts cold-heading molding manufacture method
CN106475505A (en) * 2015-08-25 2017-03-08 上海精拓模具制造有限公司 A kind of one-shot forming technique of the outer round belt groove product of employing Huff die cold-heading
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CN110788264A (en) * 2019-08-26 2020-02-14 上海华鞍汽车配件有限公司 Cold-heading full-size forming process for polygonal special-shaped ultrathin welding spot cushion block

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