CN111821601A - Electronic filtering device and operation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an electronic filtering device, comprising: a filter module, a mechanical clamp platform for clamping the filter module, a rechargeable battery electrically connected with the filter module; the filter module comprises an acoustophoresis filter, an electrostatic dust collection filter and an antibacterial and antibacterial filter, the filter module is connected with a PCB, the PCB comprises an electronic circuit which is used for connecting the filter module and providing an AC electric signal and a DC electric signal in a quantifiable power form, and a driving circuit which provides the AC electric signal or the DC bias signal to the filter module through a switching circuit. Acoustophoretic filters, electrostatic precipitator filters, and antibacterial and antimicrobial filters are employed for filtering particulate matter, bacterial organisms, cellular organisms, and microbial viruses in the form of a gas or aerosol.

Description

Electronic filtering device and operation method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of filtering devices, in particular to an electronic filtering device based on sound pressure filtering, an electrostatic dust collector and antimicrobial filtering and an operation method thereof.

Background

The function of a breathing mask based on N95 and MFR filters depends mainly on the filter performance of its subsequent material specifications. The depth of research and development in this field has led to this dependency, thus turning technological innovation in the direction that has limited its development over the past few decades. Most filter products on the market are focused on cost reduction and replacement materials that make tradeoffs between thickness and weight versus comfort and cost. The disadvantage of these filters is that they need to be replaced at intervals due to the build-up of artifacts and the build-up of dust particles, which reduces efficiency and also increases the pressure drop and its air flow rate. Therefore, these critical shortcomings have been overcome to make a breakthrough in technological innovation.

To lead scientific progress in respiratory mask-based filtration technologies with higher functionality and innovative usability, electronic filtration mechanisms need to be implemented. In order to achieve the required specifications, it is therefore necessary to combine different types of filters to create an integral apparatus, to produce a characteristic that can remove three types of inorganic and organic substances, covering three types: particulate matter, microorganisms and microbial viruses, have high efficacy. The functions can provide higher performance and functions in the aspects of robustness, reusability and self-cleaning, thereby providing more accurate protection for users. They can therefore be used as a replacement for non-woven polypropylene fibre masks, which are largely dependent on cost and replaceability, which is highly disadvantageous in certain fields. Accordingly, there is an urgent need to develop new mask technologies with the ability to improve and transform many applications that rely on protective equipment.

The patent background of mask technology is still limited due to its simplicity, and the number of patents directly requiring the design of custom masks with modifications and specific features or functions is still limited. A significant trend in mask development occurred between 2012 and 2016, peaking in 2014 according to the number of patents available in the literature. The focus of the design of a grade N95 respirator mask is largely covered by patents US3333585, US3971373A, US4215682A, US4536440A, US4807619, US4850347, US4856509, US5307796A, which were assigned primarily to 3MCo between 1967 and 1994. These devices meet the requirements of 42CFR Part84, tested by NIOSH.

The design of mechanical filtering respirators registered by the same assignee is protected by a number of patents, including: WO2017058880a1, WO2015031066a2, WO2015031142a2, WO2014025776a1, WO2014055250a1, WO2014105421a1, WO2013085898a1, WO2012067791a1, WO2012091854a1, WO2012068091a1, WO2012068091a1, WO2012068091a2, WO2008051726a1, WO2007075679a1, WO2006096284a1, WO2005099826a1, WO2005000411a1, WO2004026408a1 and US8881729B 2. Many of these registered patents show similar design and configuration variations for different functions, indicating that there is sufficient opportunity for the technology to realize future breakthroughs that can go beyond the development of these platforms while providing similar or even better specifications at lower cost and reusability.

A brief summary of the literature on electronic mask devices and related mask technology is presented in reverse order. Don applied for patent KR200490349Y1 in 2019, which is a full mask design covering the entire face. The design has a built-in filter unit and is connected to a portable oxygen cylinder to draw oxygen from the portable oxygen cylinder to the front face. Also, y.t.kim registered patent WO2017146382a1, which describes a front shielding type mask, which covers the eyes and face as well as the respiratory organs.

In a patent registered as WO2017091238a1 by c.danford (Trainingmask LLC), a filtering breathing apparatus with a number of custom designed functions is described. WO2017094930a1 in l.j.won describes a mask arrangement in which the body has a frame formed into an annular design that covers the nose and mouth to form a breathing chamber, and the front surface of the breathing chamber is a transparent window and carries an anti-fogging film coating. In 2016, y.song in WO2017065853a1 registered a fan assisted breathing particle filter mask designed with multiple openings and a centrifugal fan located at the bottom of the mask to draw air through the filter and into the interior. There are also similar patents such as WO2016157159a1 to j.

US9694217B2 was filed 2015 by s.goldstein (Famask Inc.) and describes a positive air pressure mask and a multi-stage filter system including a number of filters removable to collect debris and particulate matter, similar to WO2015178615a1 filed 2014 trekking. TWM491477U patent is filed by the european Tech patent, which describes a breathing mask with different components and a fan slot for externally generating different positive pressures. In patent USD755953S1, o.klockseth (Facecover Sweden) registers a device for breathing masks. In patent WO2014035641a2 to d.t. curran, a powered exhaust for a personal breathing apparatus is claimed. Similarly, WO2014120597a2 to g.e.dwyer registers respiratory masks with a clean inlet chamber design. Patent CN104971448A has registered as a portable self-cleaning breathing assistance and purification system using a negative pressure design. Wang, CN104225829A, also discloses an active air-feed dust mask.

In 2013, Wu applied for a CN103127631A patent discloses an air filter designed for a helmet, which consists of a miniature direct current motor and a fan with an air supply channel and a PM2.5 air purification and cleaning filter screen. Jones registered personal air filters in patent WO2013181080a1 in the same year. Klockseth, WO2011159233a1, describes a full-face mask with a PAPR design for use in health hazardous environments. Moore registered respiratory nasal filters in 2007 with patent publication number WO2008055192a 2. U.S. patent No. 8874251B2 to thornton, w.k., describes a system and method for forming a custom medical mask from a three-dimensional electronic model.

Patent WO2005000410a1 to Russel, 2005 describes a breathing apparatus for filtering and conditioning inhaled air. Lee was granted patent rights WO2004101074a1 in the same year, which is a transparent mask design for preventing inhalation of disease-causing bacteria and dust. In 2004, j.m. krzystofik applied for patent US7523750B2, which describes a respirator comprising a mask for a snorkel or diving and a mask seal for the user. Lee applied a health mask patent with channeled breathing channels in JP3097085U patent in 2003. In 2000, patent WO2000072921a1 was registered by m.k.bowen (Kimberly-Clark) and discloses a mask with a fan attachment. In 1999, g.l. hansen (Covidien LP) applied for patent US6347631B1, which describes a method of using a cantilever device and a breathing device.

In 1997, patent US6016804A to c.m. gleason (Scott Tech, Avox Sys) claimed a respiratory mask and method of manufacture to make air-purifying vials or sources of breathable gas. Also, patent US5875775A in b.nur (Duram) claims a breathing mask based on a stretchable material that is fire resistant. Further, WO1997038746a1 of the patent to a.g.hart, entitled d.j.stern issued to US5372130A discloses a mask assembly having a fan and a replaceable filter and method of use.

Earlier patents based on masks and older variants also include US4549543A, US5331957A, US4154235A, which have been omitted herein for simplicity.

Disclosure of Invention

It is an object of the present invention to provide an electronic filtration device for filtering particulate matter, bacterial organisms, cellular organisms and microbial viruses in the form of a gas or aerosol.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a method of operation that initializes and operates one, two or all graphene sheets as primary and secondary filters.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme.

An electronic filtration device comprising: a filter module, a mechanical clamp platform for clamping the filter module, a rechargeable battery electrically connected with the filter module; wherein the filter module comprises an acoustophoresis filter, an electrostatic precipitation filter and an antibacterial and antibacterial filter, the rechargeable battery is connected with a PCB, the PCB comprises an electronic circuit for connecting the filter module and providing an AC electric signal and a DC electric signal in the form of quantifiable power, and a drive circuit for providing the AC electric signal or the DC bias signal to the filter module through a switch circuit.

As a further illustration of the above, the acoustophoresis filter includes an enclosed environment or chamber container, silicon substrates, graphene suspended on the silicon substrates; two electrodes are connected to each side of the graphene, and a gap is reserved between the two electrodes and is at least 20 micrometers.

As a further illustration of the above solution, the dimensions of the enclosed environment or cabin container are: the width is 2-10 cm; the height is 2-10 cm; the depth is 0.5-5 cm.

As a further illustration of the above scheme, the graphene generates sound pressure waves with a sound pressure level of at least 70 dB.

As a further explanation of the above scheme, the electrostatic precipitation filter comprises two or more groups of parallel plate electrodes, a potential difference of 1000V to 5000V is generated on the parallel plate electrodes, and the distance between the parallel plate electrodes is 10 μm to 10 mm.

As a further explanation of the above solution, the dimensions of the parallel plate electrode are: the width is 1-10 cm, the thickness is 0.1-1 mm, and the depth is 0.5-5 cm.

As a further illustration of the above aspect, the antimicrobial and antimicrobial filter comprises: the array comprises a silicon substrate, an interdigital array, a single-layer or multilayer laser-induced graphene and/or laser-induced graphene doped with Ag or Cu, and an output readout electrode, wherein the interdigital array is arranged on the silicon substrate and consists of not less than 10 pairs of electrodes; the output readout electrode is communicated to an output contact electrode at the edge of the silicon substrate through a surface track, the size of the laser-induced graphene is 0.5-2 cm, and the zeta potential of the laser-induced graphene is lower than-13 mV.

As a further illustration of the above solution, the dimension parameters adopted by the interdigital array are: the width of the electrode is 1-100 μm, the distance between the electrodes is 1-100 μm, and the thickness of the electrode is 10 nm-100 μm.

As a further illustration of the above scheme, the material of the electrodes consists of at least one combination of Au, Pt, Pd and Ag that results in the formation of schottky contacts; or the material of the electrode comprises at least one combination of Au/Ti, Pt/Ti, Pd/Ti and Ag/Ti materials, which results in the formation of an ohmic contact.

As a further explanation of the above solution, the electronic filtering device is applied to an electronic breathing mask, which includes a mask body attached to a face of a user, and the electronic filtering device is disposed on the mask body.

As a further explanation of the above scheme, the mask main body is a silica gel mask main body, an caulking groove is formed in the inner side surface of the silica gel mask main body, a decorative belt layer is covered in the caulking groove, and a suture line is arranged at the edge of the decorative belt layer and connects the decorative belt layer and the silica gel mask main body into a whole.

As a further explanation of the above scheme, the decorative tape layer is a tape layer, a belt layer, a crystal tape layer or a graphene tape layer with functional fibers.

As a further explanation of the above scheme, a miniature anion generator is arranged on the silica gel mask main body, and the miniature anion generator is detachably mounted on the inner side surface of the silica gel mask main body, or the miniature anion generator is arranged at the rear end of the filter module.

As a further explanation of the above solution, the electronic filtering device is applied to an air purifier or an in-vehicle filter.

A method of operating an electronic filtration device as described above, comprising:

(1) a method of initializing the acoustophoresis filter by applying a sinusoidal or square wave ac signal having a potential difference at a particular resonant frequency and between 1, 3.3, or 5V, the potential difference being determined by the enclosed environment or chamber seal of the acoustophoresis filter;

(2) a method of operating an electrostatic precipitator filter using a combination of a dc signal and a potential difference typically between 1000 and 5000V, a potential difference between 1000 and 5000V being applied to initialise the electrostatic precipitator filter;

(3) a method for initializing antibacterial and antibacterial filters comprises inputting constant bias to an interdigital array at different positive or negative voltages of an input power supply electrode of 0 to 3.3V up to 5V to initialize the antibacterial and antibacterial filters;

(4) a method of resetting a filter module applies a zero potential difference across input power supplies connected to an acoustophoretic filter, an electrostatic precipitator filter, and an antibacterial and antibacterial filter, respectively, the zero potential allowing a reset function to occur, resulting in each filter returning to its original idle state.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

first, the use of acoustophoresis filters, electrostatic precipitation filters, and antibacterial and antimicrobial filters for filtering particulate matter, bacterial organisms, cellular organisms, and microbial viruses in gaseous or aerosol form. Excellent function was demonstrated by implementing graphene and/or laser-induced graphene into the first two core filters.

Secondly, the acoustophoresis filter utilizes electrically-driven graphene to generate standing waves for coagulating suspended particles smaller than 0.3 mu m; the electrostatic dust removal filter attracts negative ion particles; the antibacterial and antibacterial filter activates the graphene induced by the laser by using the potential difference to enable the surface of the graphene to form a zeta potential effect, so that the antibacterial and antibacterial filter is antibacterial.

Interconnecting the acoustophoresis filter, the electrostatic precipitation filter and the antibacterial and antimicrobial filters into a mask body with an embedded electronic circuit, which can be individually installed and removed and therefore replaced; the electronic filtering device can also be applied to an air purifier and an on-vehicle filter.

And a decorative belt layer is arranged on the inner side surface of the silica gel mask main body, the combination of the silica gel and the decorative belt layer increases the stability of the mask main body, and the decorative belt layer is a belt layer with functional fibers and has the functions of antibiosis, physiotherapy, peculiar smell removal or beauty treatment and the like.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a diagram of a frame of an electronic respiratory mask provided by the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating the operation of the acoustophoresis filter provided by the invention.

Figure 3 shows graphene layers transferred onto a silicon substrate to form an acoustophoresis filter.

Fig. 4 shows a laser-induced graphene (LIG) layer transferred onto a silicon substrate and suspended over an electrode to form an antimicrobial and antimicrobial filter.

FIGS. 5 to 9 show specialties

METAPHYSICS software package software simulation of acoustophoresis filters.

Fig. 10 to 11 show standing waves generated by the acoustophoresis filter in different frequency modes.

Description of reference numerals:

1: graphene, 2: acoustic pressure wave, 3: air inlet, 4: and an air outlet.

Detailed Description

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, for the terms of orientation, such as "central", "lateral", "longitudinal", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc., it indicates that the orientation and positional relationship shown in the drawings are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated without limiting the specific scope of protection of the present invention.

Furthermore, if the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only, they are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features. Thus, a definition of "a first" or "a second" feature may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the feature, and in the description of the invention, "at least" means one or more unless specifically defined otherwise.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "assembled", "connected", and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; or may be a mechanical connection; the two elements can be directly connected or connected through an intermediate medium, and the two elements can be communicated with each other. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to specific situations.

In the present invention, unless otherwise specified and limited, "above" or "below" a first feature may include the first and second features being in direct contact, and may also include the first and second features not being in direct contact but being in contact with each other through another feature therebetween. Also, the first feature being "above," "below," and "above" the second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply an elevation which indicates a level of the first feature being higher than an elevation of the second feature. The first feature being "above", "below" and "beneath" the second feature includes the first feature being directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or merely means that the first feature is at a lower level than the second feature.

The following describes the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings of the specification, so that the technical solutions and the advantages thereof are more clear and clear. The embodiments described below are exemplary and are intended to be illustrative of the invention, but are not to be construed as limiting the invention.

An electronic filtration device comprising: a filter module, a mechanical clamp platform for clamping the filter module, a rechargeable battery electrically connected with the filter module; wherein the filter module comprises an acoustophoresis filter, an electrostatic precipitation filter and an antibacterial and antibacterial filter, the rechargeable battery is connected with a PCB, the PCB comprises an electronic circuit for connecting the filter module and providing an AC electric signal and a DC electric signal in the form of quantifiable power, and a drive circuit for providing the AC electric signal or the DC bias signal to the filter module through a switch circuit.

Example one

The following description of the embodiments is not to be construed as limiting the invention, taking as an example the application of an electronic filter to an electronic respiratory mask, which may also be applied to filters or purification devices such as air purifiers and vehicle filters. The following describes the electronic respiratory mask in four aspects, namely the mask body, the acoustophoresis filter, the electrostatic precipitator filter, and the antibacterial and antimicrobial filters. In the present invention, the improvement point of the present invention is described, well-known features are not described or substantially the same elements may not be redundantly described. This is done to facilitate understanding.

The mask body is designated as the core platform to interface with the filter modules, respectively, and reusable mask designs are typically made from high quality silicone rubber materials. The mask body may be shaped to be molded into a universal form for attachment to the face of a user. Generally, the mask body covers the breathing organs, especially the nose and mouth. The shell frame of the mask body is typically made of hardened lightweight forms of High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) or polypropylene (PP) because these materials are safe in terms of toxicity and cost effectiveness.

In order to further improve the function of the mask main body, an embedded groove is formed in the inner side face of the silica gel mask main body, a decorative belt layer covers the embedded groove, a suture line is arranged at the edge of the decorative belt layer, and the decorative belt layer and the silica gel mask main body are connected into a whole through the suture line. The decorative belt layer is a cloth belt layer with functional fibers, a belt layer crystal belt layer or a graphene belt layer. The inner side surface of the silica gel mask main body is provided with the decorative belt layer, the combination of the silica gel and the decorative belt layer increases the stability of the mask main body, and the decorative belt layer is a belt layer with functional fibers and has the functions of antibiosis, physiotherapy, peculiar smell removal or beauty treatment and the like. The silica gel mask body is provided with a miniature anion generator, and the miniature anion generator is arranged at the rear end of the filter module and connected with the PCB. Or miniature anion generator demountable installation is in the medial surface of silica gel mask main part is equipped with the recess the top periphery of recess is equipped with the chimb, because the elasticity of silica gel material makes miniature anion generator can fill in or take out the recess, miniature anion generator can remove dust, disinfect, air-purifying high-efficiently, and miniature anion is established at the medial surface of mask main part and is made miniature anion generator can purify the gas of human body exhalation, has purified human peripheral air to a certain extent.

Since the advent of mechanical filtering respirators, many mask bodies had a special module that allowed the flow of air to follow its distribution trajectory. The filtering mechanism occurs because it relies on control of the air flow and thus on the filtering module or subsequent modules. In this design, a similar module is designed to achieve the function of three filters, namely an acoustophoresis filter, an electrostatic precipitator filter, and an antibacterial and antimicrobial filter.

A schematic diagram of an electronic respiratory mask is shown in fig. 1, which depicts a block diagram configuration of an electronic respiratory mask that includes the three filters described above. In electronic respiratory mask designs, the mask body specifically includes a power source, such as a rechargeable battery cell, with sufficient capacity to maintain a potential difference to drive current through the three filters during on-demand operation and power consumption. Secondly, the mask body is also provided with electronic circuits, usually on a small PCB, which are conduits for connecting, activating and providing power to the filter module during operation. The PCB further includes driving circuits that provide AC signals to the filter module or DC bias signals to the filter module through the switching circuit, thereby performing functions.

As shown in fig. 2 to 3, the acoustophoresis filter includes a housing having an air inlet and an air outlet, a silicon substrate disposed in the housing, and graphene suspended on the silicon substrate, wherein two electrodes are bonded to each side of the graphene, and a gap is left between the two electrodes on the same side. Preferably, the gap is at least 20 μm to achieve a smooth band condition. The dimensions of the housing are: the width is 2-10 cm; the height is 2-10 cm; the depth is 0.5-5 cm.

Acoustic agglomeration is the application of an acoustic source having acoustic pressure waves to particles so that the particles coalesce to form larger clusters that are easier to remove. The main function of the acoustophoresis filter is to apply sound agglomerationPrinciple fine particles are coagulated (creating an acoustic agglomeration zone), coagulation being the phenomenon of standing wave generation at a specific frequency. Fig. 2 shows a working schematic diagram of the acoustophoresis filter, and shows a working mechanism of the graphene 1 for generating the sound pressure wave 2, when the airflow flows from the air inlet 3 to the air outlet 4, when the acoustophoresis filter is connected to a power supply and a switching circuit, a standing wave with a specific frequency can be generated. By supplying alternating current to the graphene such that the surrounding gaseous medium (i.e., air) is periodically heated, the gaseous medium generates an oscillating temperature field, resulting in thermal expansion and contraction to generate acoustic waves, thereby providing a flat frequency range and a high intensity sound pressure output. FIGS. 5 to 8 are views of professions

METAPHYSICS software package, the operability of the acoustophoresis filter and the coverage of the sound waves were verified. FIG. 9 is a schematic view of

METAPHYSICS simulations show that acoustic agglomeration zones can be efficiently formed by standing wave type acoustic pressure waves. Fig. 10 to 11 show standing waves generated in different frequency modes.

For the design of the acoustophoretic filter, the dimensions of the housing depend on its specified dimensions, but its availability is limited by the dimensions of the mask body, which essentially means that the acoustophoretic filter is required to be as compact as possible. If the standing wave is capable of achieving acoustic agglomeration, the acoustophoresis filter is demonstrated to operate effectively. The acoustophoresis filter coalesces through transient or stable particulate matter such that fine particles having a particle size <0.1 μm (or even <0.01 μm) coalesce into particles having a particle size significantly greater than 0.3 μm or greater. The efficiency of getting rid of the granule has been improved, needn't directly rely on the filter screen that reaches the HEPA standard, and this kind of filter screen receives its pressure drop restriction to reduce air flow rate, make the suction resistance of gauze mask great.

The electrostatic dust removal filter comprises two or more groups of parallel plate electrodes, wherein the parallel plate electrodes generate a potential difference between 1000V and 5000V, and the distance between the parallel plate electrodes is 10 mu m-10 mm. Preferably, the dimensions of the parallel plate electrodes are: the width is 1-10 cm, the thickness is 0.1-1 mm, and the depth is 0.5-5 cm. As for other structures of the electrostatic dust removal filter, the structures are common in the field, and the invention has no improvement on other structures and is not described in detail herein.

The purpose of an electrostatic precipitator filter is to capture flue gas, fine ash particles by imparting an electrostatic field in an enclosed environment. The high-voltage direct-current electric field is utilized to ionize gas molecules in the air to generate a large number of electrons and ions, the electrons and the ions move towards the two poles under the action of the electric field force and touch dust particles and bacteria in the air flow to charge the dust particles and the bacteria in the air flow in the moving process, and the charged particles move towards the opposite electrode with the air flow under the action of the electric field force. Since some particles are difficult to charge, they require longer residence times, usually in the range of the filter. The key design of the electrostatic precipitation filter is the width, effective precipitation length and gap provided, so that the electrostatic precipitation filter can not only remove fine particles, but also force bacterial cells to be in more close contact with the next filter due to the action of an electric field. The electrostatic precipitator filter requires a potential difference, which is amplified by a capacitive and voltage-variable circuit generating a large amplitude of several kilovolts or more. The potential difference is necessary to increase the efficiency of the filter to its maximum effective potential, since it is dependent on the power supply. To clean the electrostatic precipitator filter, a large potential difference may be applied to the electrodes in an alternating configuration to release the accumulated particles. Electrostatic precipitator filters are an effective technique for eliminating acid mist and fine particles by focusing them through ionization and affecting them without affecting pressure drop, thereby reducing air flow.

As shown in fig. 4, the antibacterial and antibacterial filter includes a silicon substrate, an interdigital array composed of not less than 10 pairs of electrodes provided on the silicon substrate, and up to 10 layers of single-layer or multi-layer laser-induced graphene Layers (LIG) suspended on the electrodes. Preferably, the size of the laser-induced graphene layer is 0.5cm to 2 cm. The laser-induced graphene layer is a laser-induced graphene layer and/or a laser-induced graphene layer doped with Ag or Cu, and the zeta potential of the laser-induced graphene layer is lower than-13 mV. The interdigital array adopts the following size parameters: the length of the interdigital array is 1-100 mu m, the electrode width is 1-100 mu m, the electrode spacing is 1-100 mu m, and the electrode thickness is 10 nm-100 mu m. The electrode material comprises at least one combination of Au, Pt, Pd and Ag materials that results in the formation of a Schottky contact; or the electrode material comprises one or more combinations of gold (Au)/titanium (Ti), silver (Ag)/titanium (Ti), platinum (Pt)/titanium (Ti), palladium (Pd)/titanium (Ti), which results in an ohmic contact between the electrode and the laser induced graphene layer. The silicon substrate further comprises an output electrode and a reading electrode, wherein the output electrode and the reading electrode are connected with an output contact point on the edge of the silicon substrate through a surface track.

The antibacterial and antibacterial filter uses graphene material, wherein multiple graphene layers are adopted, and CO with power not less than 25W is used₂The laser is used for carrying out surface modification on graphene, and since the graphene is hexagonal honeycomb lattice formed by carbon atoms in sp2 hybridized orbitals and shows natural antibacterial performance, researches prove that the graphene has toxicity to gram-positive, gram-negative, plant pathogens and biofilm formation. Laser or doping modification of graphene provides better antibacterial performance and antibacterial performance, making it useful as a filtration-type membrane. The final material fabricated using the laser method is Laser Induced Graphene (LIG). The role of the LIG antibacterial mechanism is in the zeta potential effect of the LIG surface, compared to bacteria causing surface-surface electrostatic repulsion. To activate the antimicrobial and antimicrobial filters, a potential difference can be applied to an interdigitated array (IDA) of transition metals coated on the LIG. Typically, a small dc potential difference of a few millivolts to a few volts, resulting in microampere current, can be applied to activate the LIG, and therefore the use of such materials in large areas is very expensive, and therefore the antimicrobial and antimicrobial filters can be sized to provide cost minimization and applicability in practical implementation.

Compared with the prior art, the electronic breathing mask provided by the embodiment has the following characteristics: acoustophoretic filters, electrostatic precipitator filters, and antibacterial and antimicrobial filters are employed for filtering particulate matter, bacterial organisms, cellular organisms, and microbial viruses in the form of a gas or aerosol. Exhibits superior functionality by implementing graphene and/or laser-induced graphene into the first two core filters; these filters are interconnected into the mask body with embedded electronic circuitry, and can be individually installed and removed, and thus replaced.

Example two

A method of initializing and operating an electronic filtration device describes methods of activating and operating acoustophoresis filters, electrostatic precipitator filters, and antibacterial and antimicrobial filters.

To initialize the filter modules, a switch is employed to activate the filter modules and provide power to the conditioning circuits so that they provide an ac signal to the acoustophoresis filter and a dc signal to the electrostatic precipitator filter and the antimicrobial and antibacterial filters. The conditioning circuits may be specifically designed to provide sufficient power and frequency at their optimum levels so that the filter modules can operate at their optimum performance and specifications.

After activation, the electronic respiratory mask or other filter, purification device typically operates the three filters in a synchronized mode of operation whereby the three filters operate in unison with each other. Filters can reduce their performance to a minimum level according to their specifications before the power supply is nearly exhausted, so that the duration of operation can be extended.

It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art from the foregoing description of construction and principles that the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and that modifications and substitutions based on the teachings of the art may be made without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims and their equivalents. The details not described in the detailed description are prior art or common general knowledge.

Claims (15)

1. An electronic filtration device comprising: a filter module, a mechanical clamp platform for clamping the filter module, a rechargeable battery electrically connected with the filter module; wherein the filter module comprises an acoustophoresis filter, an electrostatic precipitation filter and an antibacterial and antibacterial filter, the rechargeable battery is connected with a PCB, the PCB comprises an electronic circuit for connecting the filter module and providing an AC electric signal and a DC electric signal in the form of quantifiable power, and a drive circuit for providing the AC electric signal or the DC bias signal to the filter module through a switch circuit.

2. The electronic filtering device according to claim 1, wherein said acoustophoresis filter comprises an enclosed environment or chamber container, silicon substrate, graphene suspended on said silicon substrate; two electrodes are connected to each side of the graphene, and a gap is reserved between the two electrodes and is at least 20 micrometers.

3. The electronic filtration device of claim 2, wherein the enclosed environment or cabin container is sized to: the width is 2-10 cm; the height is 2-10 cm; the depth is 0.5-5 cm.

4. The electronic filtering device according to claim 2, wherein said graphene generates sound pressure waves having a sound pressure level of at least 70 dB.

5. The electronic filtering device according to claim 1, wherein the electrostatic precipitation filter comprises two or more sets of parallel plate electrodes, a potential difference of 1000V to 5000V is generated on the parallel plate electrodes, and the distance between the parallel plate electrodes is 10 μm to 10 mm.

6. The electronic filtering device according to claim 5, wherein the dimensions of the parallel plate electrodes are: the width is 1-10 cm, the thickness is 0.1-1 mm, and the depth is 0.5-5 cm.

7. The electronic filtration device of claim 1, wherein the antimicrobial and antimicrobial filter comprises: the array comprises a silicon substrate, an interdigital array, a single-layer or multilayer laser-induced graphene and/or laser-induced graphene doped with Ag or Cu, and an output readout electrode, wherein the interdigital array is arranged on the silicon substrate and consists of not less than 10 pairs of electrodes; the output readout electrode is communicated to an output contact electrode at the edge of the silicon substrate through a surface track, the size of the laser-induced graphene is 0.5-2 cm, and the zeta potential of the laser-induced graphene is lower than-13 mV.

8. The electronic filter device according to claim 7, wherein said interdigitated array employs dimensional parameters of: the width of the electrode is 1-100 μm, the distance between the electrodes is 1-100 μm, and the thickness of the electrode is 10 nm-100 μm.

9. The electronic filtering device according to claim 7, wherein the material of said electrodes consists of at least one of Au, Pt, Pd and Ag;

or the material of the electrode comprises at least one combination of Au/Ti, Pt/Ti, Pd/Ti and Ag/Ti materials, which results in the formation of an ohmic contact.

10. The electronic filtering device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the electronic filtering device is applied to an electronic respiratory mask comprising a mask body to be attached to a face of a user, the electronic filtering device being provided on the mask body.

11. The electronic filtering device according to claim 10, wherein the mask body is a silicone mask body, an insertion groove is formed on an inner side surface of the silicone mask body, a decorative strip layer is covered in the insertion groove, and a suture line is formed at an edge of the decorative strip layer and connects the decorative strip layer and the silicone mask body into a whole.

12. The electronic filtering device according to claim 11, wherein the decorative tape layer is a tape layer with functional fibers, a belt layer, a crystal tape layer or a graphene tape layer.

13. The electronic filtration device of claim 11, wherein a micro negative ion generator is disposed on the silica gel mask body, and the micro negative ion generator is detachably mounted on the inner side surface of the silica gel mask body, or the micro negative ion generator is disposed at the rear end of the filter module.

14. The electronic filtering device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the electronic filtering device is applied to an air purifier or a vehicle filter.

15. A method of operating an electronic filtration device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising:

(1) a method of initializing the acoustophoresis filter by applying a sinusoidal or square wave ac signal having a potential difference at a particular resonant frequency and between 1, 3.3, or 5V, the potential difference being determined by the enclosed environment or chamber seal of the acoustophoresis filter;

(2) a method of operating an electrostatic precipitator filter using a combination of a dc signal and a potential difference typically between 1000 and 5000V, a potential difference between 1000 and 5000V being applied to initialise the electrostatic precipitator filter;

(3) a method for initializing antibacterial and antibacterial filters comprises inputting constant bias to an interdigital array at different positive or negative voltages of an input power supply electrode of 0 to 3.3V up to 5V to initialize the antibacterial and antibacterial filters;

(4) a method of resetting a filter module applies a zero potential difference across input power supplies connected to an acoustophoretic filter, an electrostatic precipitator filter, and an antibacterial and antibacterial filter, respectively, the zero potential allowing a reset function to occur, resulting in each filter returning to its original idle state.

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