CN111821010A - Device and method for positioning distal hole of intramedullary nail - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a distal hole positioning device and a positioning method of an intramedullary nail, wherein the distal hole positioning device of the intramedullary nail comprises a support, a probe, a sighting device, a reference gyroscope, a probe gyroscope and a reading device, the support is suitable for being connected with the proximal end of the intramedullary nail, the probe extends into the intramedullary nail from the proximal end of the intramedullary nail, the sighting device is adjustably arranged on the support and used for sighting the distal hole of the intramedullary nail, the reference gyroscope is arranged on the support and is adjustable together with the sighting device, the probe gyroscope is arranged on the probe and is adjacent to the distal hole of the intramedullary nail, and the reading device is connected with the probe gyroscope and the reference gyroscope and used for reading attitude data of the probe gyroscope and the reference gyroscope. The locating device of the invention is convenient for locating the distal hole of the intramedullary nail, reduces the time for fixing the intramedullary nail and improves the success rate of the intramedullary nail fixation.

Description

Device and method for positioning distal hole of intramedullary nail

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of medical instruments, and particularly relates to a device and a method for positioning a distal hole of an intramedullary nail.

Background

When treating tubular fracture, the internal fixation technology of the intramedullary nail with lock is widely applied clinically, the installation of the distal locking nail of the intramedullary nail is a key link of the technology, and the accuracy of the position positioning of the distal nail hole of the intramedullary nail directly influences the operation difficulty and the operation quality.

The position of the distal nail hole of the intramedullary nail in the related technology is mainly positioned in three ways, firstly, the hole position is searched by means of X-ray imaging equipment in the operation, but the technology has high requirements on the operation experience of doctors, and X rays can generate a large amount of radiation to hurt medical staff and patients. Secondly, a limiting and aiming technology of the positioning rod is adopted, but a drill hole needs to be added on the bone tissue, so that the operation steps are more, and additional trauma is also added on a patient. Thirdly, a magnetic aiming and positioning technology is adopted, but in the process of surgical drilling, the drill bit slides and deviates due to the fact that the cutting edge of the drill bit is not sharp or the drilling speed is high, and the drilling direction is deviated.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention is directed to solving, at least to some extent, one of the technical problems in the related art.

To this end, an embodiment of an aspect of the present invention provides a distal hole positioning device for an intramedullary nail, which facilitates the positioning of the distal hole of the intramedullary nail, and also reduces the time for intramedullary nail fixation and improves the success rate of intramedullary nail fixation.

Embodiments in accordance with another aspect of the present invention also provide a method of distal hole location of an intramedullary nail.

The distal hole positioning device of the intramedullary nail comprises: a bracket adapted to be coupled to a proximal end of an intramedullary nail; a probe extending into the intramedullary nail from a proximal end of the intramedullary nail; an aimer adjustably mounted on the support for aiming at a distal hole of the intramedullary nail; a reference gyroscope mounted on a mount and adjustable with the sight; a probe gyroscope disposed on the probe and adjacent to the distal bore of the intramedullary nail; and the reading device is connected with the probe gyroscope and the reference gyroscope and is used for reading the attitude data of the probe gyroscope and the reference gyroscope.

According to the device for positioning the distal hole of the intramedullary nail, disclosed by the embodiment of the invention, the read attitude data of the reference gyroscope and the probe gyroscope is compared with the initial attitude data of the reference gyroscope and the probe gyroscope when the sighting device is aligned with the distal hole, so that the deflection angle of the distal end of the intramedullary nail in the fractured bone after the intramedullary nail is implanted into the fractured bone is determined, the sighting device is aligned with the distal hole of the intramedullary nail by adjusting the sighting device and the reference gyroscope, the X-ray is not needed, the operation steps are simple, the distal hole of the intramedullary nail is conveniently positioned, the time for fixing the intramedullary nail can be shortened, and the success rate for fixing the intramedullary nail is improved.

In some embodiments, the positioning device further comprises an aiming adjuster mounted on the carriage for adjusting the aiming arm and the reference gyroscope.

In some embodiments, the probe is provided with a scale value for reading the length of the probe extending into the intramedullary nail.

In some embodiments, the probe gyroscope and reference gyroscope are connected to the reading device either wirelessly or wirelessly.

In some embodiments, the bracket is coupled to the proximal end of the intramedullary nail by a threaded interface.

In some embodiments, the support comprises a support frame and a swing rod, the support frame is suitable for being connected with the proximal end of the intramedullary nail, the swing rod is swingably supported by the support frame, the sighting device and the reference gyroscope are mounted at one end of the swing rod, the other end of the swing rod is hinged with the support frame, and a pressing hand wheel is mounted on a pivot between the other end of the swing rod and the support frame.

According to another aspect of the invention, a method for locating a distal hole of an intramedullary nail comprises the steps of:

connecting the proximal end of an intramedullary nail to be placed in a fractured bone with a bracket;

extending a probe provided with a probe gyroscope into the intramedullary nail so that the probe gyroscope reaches near a distal hole of the intramedullary nail;

aligning a sighting device provided with a reference gyroscope to a distal hole of the intramedullary nail and reading initial posture data of the probe gyroscope and the reference gyroscope;

removing the probe from within the intramedullary nail and separating the intramedullary nail from the stent;

placing the intramedullary nail into a fractured bone;

extending the probe into the intramedullary nail such that the probe gyroscope reaches near a distal hole of the intramedullary nail;

adjusting the sight and the reference gyroscope to make attitude data of the reference gyroscope and probe gyroscope respectively the same as the initial attitude data and locking the sight, thereby determining alignment of the sight with the distal hole of the intramedullary nail.

According to the method for positioning the distal hole of the intramedullary nail, provided by the embodiment of the invention, the positions of the sighting device and the reference gyroscope are adjusted, so that the attitude data of the reference gyroscope and the probe gyroscope are respectively the same as the initial attitude data, thereby determining the alignment of the sighting device and the distal hole of the intramedullary nail, without the aid of X-ray, the operation steps are simple, the distal hole of the intramedullary nail is conveniently positioned, the time for fixing the intramedullary nail can be shortened, and the success rate of fixing the intramedullary nail is improved.

In some embodiments, the position of the probe gyroscope within the intramedullary nail is determined based on graduation marks on the probe.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a distal hole locating device of an intramedullary nail according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a top view of the positioning device shown in fig. 1.

Reference numerals:

the intramedullary nail comprises an intramedullary nail 1, a distal end hole 101, a support 2, a support frame 201, a swing rod 202, a probe 3, a sighting device 4, a reference gyroscope 5, a probe gyroscope 6, a sighting adjuster 7, a threaded interface 8, a pressing hand wheel 9 and a supporting leg 10.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.

The distal hole positioning device of the intramedullary nail comprises a bracket 2, a probe 3, an aiming device 4, a reference gyroscope 5, a probe gyroscope 6 and a reading device.

The support 2 is adapted to be coupled to a proximal end of the intramedullary nail 1, the probe 3 extends from the proximal end of the intramedullary nail 1 into the interior of the intramedullary nail 1, and the aimer 4 is adjustably mounted on the support 2. As shown in fig. 1, the aiming device 4 is fixedly connected with the support 2, the aiming device 4 is vertically arranged in the up-down direction (the up-down direction shown in fig. 1), and the aiming device 4 is used for aiming at a distal hole 101 of the intramedullary nail 1.

A reference gyroscope 5 is mounted on the support 2 in close proximity to the collimator 4, the reference gyroscope 5 being adjustable together with the collimator 4, a probe gyroscope 6 being provided on the probe 3 in proximity to the distal hole 101 of the intramedullary nail 1, preferably the probe gyroscope 6 being fixed to the head of the probe 3, i.e. the left end (left-right direction shown in fig. 1) of the probe 3, reading means (not shown) being connected to the probe gyroscope 6 and the reference gyroscope 5 for reading attitude data of the probe gyroscope 6 and the reference gyroscope 5.

According to the distal hole positioning device of the intramedullary nail of the embodiment of the invention, the read attitude data of the reference gyroscope and the probe gyroscope is compared with the initial attitude data of the reference gyroscope and the probe gyroscope when the sighting device is aligned with the distal hole, wherein the initial attitude data is that before the intramedullary nail is not placed into the fractured bone, the sighting device is aligned with the distal hole of the intramedullary nail, and the attitude data of the probe gyroscope and the reference gyroscope at the moment is read as the initial attitude data. The deflection angle of the far end of the intramedullary nail in the fractured bone after the intramedullary nail is implanted into the fractured bone is determined, the aiming of the sighting device and the far end hole of the intramedullary nail is realized by adjusting the sighting device and the reference gyroscope, the X-ray is not needed, the operation steps are simple, the far end hole of the intramedullary nail is conveniently positioned, the fixation time of the intramedullary nail can be shortened, and the success rate of the fixation of the intramedullary nail is improved.

In some embodiments, the positioning device further comprises an aiming adjuster 7 mounted on the stand 2 for adjusting the sighting device 4 and the reference gyroscope 5, the sighting device 4 and the reference gyroscope 5 being horizontally swingable about the aiming adjuster 7.

In some embodiments, the probe 3 is provided with a scale value for reading the length of the probe 3 extending into the intramedullary nail 1, and whether the probe gyroscope 6 reaches the position of the distal hole 101 of the intramedullary nail 1 is known by reading the scale value on the probe 3.

In some embodiments, probe gyroscope 6 and reference gyroscope 5 are connected to the reader device either wirelessly or wirelessly, but are not so limited.

In some embodiments, the stent 2 is connected to the proximal end of the intramedullary nail 1 by a threaded interface 8, but is not so limited.

In some embodiments, the support 2 comprises a support frame 201 and a swing link 202, the support frame 201 is adapted to be connected with the proximal end of the intramedullary nail 1, the swing link 202 is swingably supported by the support frame 201, preferably, the swing link 202 is provided with a leg 10 for stabilizing the swing link 202, the sighting device 4 and the reference gyroscope 5 are mounted at one end of the swing link 202, as shown in fig. 1, the sighting device 4 and the reference gyroscope 5 are mounted at the left end of the swing link 202, the other end of the swing link 202 is hinged with the support frame 201, as shown in fig. 1, the right end of the swing link 202 is hinged with the support frame 201, the aiming adjuster 7 is mounted at the hinge joint of the swing link 202 and the support frame 201, the pressing handwheel 9 is mounted on the pivot between the other end of the swing link 202 and the support frame 201, i.e. the pressing handwheel 9 is mounted on the pivot between the, the pressing hand wheel 9 is screwed, the swing rod 202 and the supporting frame 201 are fixed relatively, namely the position of the swing rod 202 is locked by the pressing hand wheel 9, and then the position of the sighting device 4 is also fixed.

Referring now to fig. 1 and 2, a distal hole 101 positioning device for an intramedullary nail 1 according to some specific examples of the present invention will be described.

The device for positioning the distal hole of the intramedullary nail comprises a support 2, a probe 3, a sighting device 4, a reference gyroscope 5, a probe gyroscope 6 and a reading device, wherein the support 2 comprises a support 201 and a swing rod 202, the support 201 is suitable for being connected with the proximal end of the intramedullary nail 1, the swing rod 202 is swingably supported by the support 201, the sighting device 4 and the reference gyroscope 5 are installed at the left end of the swing rod 202, the sighting device 4 is fixedly connected with the swing rod 202, the sighting device 4 is vertically arranged along the vertical direction, the right end of the swing rod 202 is hinged with the support 201, a sighting adjuster 7 is installed at the hinged position of the swing rod 202 and the support 201, a pressing hand wheel 9 is installed on a pivot between the right end of the swing rod 202 and the support 201, the pressing hand wheel 9 is loosened, the swing rod 202 can horizontally swing around the pivot, the pressing hand wheel 9 is pressed, the relative fixation between the swing rod 202, then the position of the sighting device 4 is fixed, the probe 3 extends into the intramedullary nail 1 from the proximal end of the intramedullary nail 1, the probe gyroscope 6 is fixed at the head of the probe 3, namely the left end of the probe 3, the probe gyroscope 6 is adjacent to the distal hole 101 of the intramedullary nail 1, a reading device (not shown) is in wired or wireless connection with the probe gyroscope 6 and the reference gyroscope 5, and the reading device is used for attitude data of the probe gyroscope 6 and the reference gyroscope 5.

The method of using the distal hole locating device of an intramedullary nail according to an embodiment of the present invention is described below with reference to fig. 1 and 2.

Before use, the near end of an intramedullary nail 1 to be placed in a fractured bone is connected with a support 2, a probe 3 extends into the intramedullary nail 1 from the near end of the intramedullary nail 1, a probe gyroscope 6 extends into the intramedullary nail 1 along with the probe 3 and obtains the fact that the probe gyroscope 6 reaches the position near a far end hole 101 of the intramedullary nail 1 according to scale values on the probe 3, and then a sighting device 4 provided with a reference gyroscope 5 is aligned to the far end hole 101 of the intramedullary nail 1 and posture data of the probe gyroscope 6 and the reference gyroscope 5 are read to serve as initial posture data.

The method comprises the steps of taking out a probe 3 from the intramedullary nail 1, separating the intramedullary nail 1 from a support 2, placing the intramedullary nail 1 into a fractured bone, extending the probe 3 into the intramedullary nail 1, locking the sighting device 4 after the posture data of the reference gyroscope 5 and the probe gyroscope 6 are respectively the same as the initial posture data by adjusting the sighting device 4 and the reference gyroscope 5 after the probe gyroscope 6 reaches the vicinity of a distal hole 101 of the intramedullary nail 1, and thus determining that the sighting device 4 is aligned with the distal hole 101 of the intramedullary nail 1.

A method of distal hole location of an intramedullary nail according to an embodiment of the present invention is described below, the method comprising the steps of:

the proximal end of the intramedullary nail to be placed in the fractured bone is connected with the bracket.

A probe provided with a probe gyroscope is inserted into the intramedullary nail so that the probe gyroscope reaches near the distal hole of the intramedullary nail.

The sighting device provided with the reference gyroscope is aligned with the distal hole of the intramedullary nail and initial attitude data of the probe gyroscope and the reference gyroscope are read.

The probe is removed from within the intramedullary nail and the intramedullary nail is separated from the stent.

The intramedullary nail is placed into the fractured bone.

The probe is extended into the intramedullary nail so that the probe gyroscope reaches near the distal hole of the intramedullary nail.

Adjusting the aimer and the reference gyroscope such that the pose data of the reference gyroscope and the probe gyroscope, respectively, are the same as the initial pose data and locking the aimer, thereby determining alignment of the aimer with the distal hole of the intramedullary nail.

According to the method for locating the distal hole of the intramedullary nail, the read attitude data of the reference gyroscope and the probe gyroscope is compared with the initial attitude data of the reference gyroscope and the probe gyroscope when the sighting device is aligned with the distal hole, wherein the initial attitude data is that before the intramedullary nail is not placed in the fractured bone, the sighting device is aligned with the distal hole of the intramedullary nail, and the attitude data of the probe gyroscope and the reference gyroscope at the moment is read as the initial attitude data. The deflection angle of the far end of the intramedullary nail in the fractured bone after the intramedullary nail is implanted into the fractured bone is determined, the aiming of the sighting device and the far end hole of the intramedullary nail is realized by adjusting the sighting device and the reference gyroscope, the X-ray is not needed, the operation steps are simple, the far end hole of the intramedullary nail is conveniently positioned, the fixation time of the intramedullary nail can be shortened, and the success rate of the fixation of the intramedullary nail is improved.

In some embodiments, the position of the probe gyroscope within the intramedullary nail is determined based on, but not limited to, the graduation marks on the probe.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are therefore not to be considered limiting of the invention.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; may be mechanically coupled, may be electrically coupled or may be in communication with each other; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through an intermediate. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.

In the present disclosure, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples" and the like mean that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present disclosure. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A distal hole positioning device for an intramedullary nail, comprising:

a bracket adapted to be coupled to a proximal end of an intramedullary nail;

a probe extending into the intramedullary nail from a proximal end of the intramedullary nail;

an aimer adjustably mounted on the support for aiming at a distal hole of the intramedullary nail;

a reference gyroscope mounted on a mount and adjustable with the sight;

a probe gyroscope disposed on the probe and adjacent to the distal bore of the intramedullary nail;

and the reading device is connected with the probe gyroscope and the reference gyroscope and is used for reading the attitude data of the probe gyroscope and the reference gyroscope.

2. The intramedullary nail distal hole locating device of claim 1, further comprising an aiming adjuster mounted on the bracket for adjusting the aimer and the reference gyroscope.

3. The distal hole locating device of intramedullary nail of claim 1, wherein said probe is provided with scale values for reading the length of said probe extending into said intramedullary nail.

4. The intramedullary nail distal hole locating device of any one of claims 1-3, wherein the probe gyroscope and reference gyroscope are connected to the reading device either wirelessly or wirelessly.

5. The distal hole positioning device of an intramedullary nail of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the bracket is connected to the proximal end of the intramedullary nail by a threaded interface.

6. The distal hole positioning device of intramedullary nail of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the support comprises a support frame and a swing link, the support frame is adapted to be connected with the proximal end of the intramedullary nail, the swing link is swingably supported by the support frame, the sighting device and the reference gyroscope are mounted at one end of the swing link, the other end of the swing link is hinged with the support frame, and a pressing hand wheel is mounted on a pivot between the other end of the swing link and the support frame.

7. A method of locating a distal hole of an intramedullary nail, comprising the steps of:

connecting the proximal end of an intramedullary nail to be placed in a fractured bone with a bracket;

extending a probe provided with a probe gyroscope into the intramedullary nail so that the probe gyroscope reaches near a distal hole of the intramedullary nail;

aligning a sighting device provided with a reference gyroscope to a distal hole of the intramedullary nail and reading initial posture data of the probe gyroscope and the reference gyroscope;

removing the probe from within the intramedullary nail and separating the intramedullary nail from the stent;

placing the intramedullary nail into a fractured bone;

extending the probe into the intramedullary nail such that the probe gyroscope reaches near a distal hole of the intramedullary nail;

adjusting the sight and the reference gyroscope to make attitude data of the reference gyroscope and probe gyroscope respectively the same as the initial attitude data and locking the sight, thereby determining alignment of the sight with the distal hole of the intramedullary nail.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein the position of the probe gyroscope in the intramedullary nail is determined according to the graduation marks on the probe.

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