CN111816894B - Fuel cell heat management device and control method thereof - Google Patents
Fuel cell heat management device and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111816894B CN111816894B CN202010802746.XA CN202010802746A CN111816894B CN 111816894 B CN111816894 B CN 111816894B CN 202010802746 A CN202010802746 A CN 202010802746A CN 111816894 B CN111816894 B CN 111816894B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04029—Heat exchange using liquids
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0432—Temperature; Ambient temperature
- H01M8/04358—Temperature; Ambient temperature of the coolant
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0438—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04417—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow of the coolant
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
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Abstract
The invention provides a fuel cell heat management device and a control method thereof, wherein the heat management device comprises a fuel cell heat management rack and a fuel cell, and the fuel cell heat management rack and the fuel cell form a circulation loop; the flow pipeline of the heat management rack comprises two sections of main flow pipelines and three sections of branch pipelines, wherein the main flow pipelines are respectively an outflow section pipeline and an inflow section pipeline, the outflow section pipeline is connected with a compressed gas pipeline, the inflow section pipeline is connected with a water supply device, the first branch pipeline in the three sections of branch pipelines is a communication pipeline, and the second branch pipeline and the third branch pipeline are respectively provided with a heater and a radiator. The structural design of the heat management rack can control different requirements of heating or cooling of the fuel cell and the like, is convenient for controlling the heat management rack and the water injection and drainage purging process of the fuel cell, integrates various operations of the test of the fuel cell rack into the same device, saves the test time, improves the working efficiency and saves the equipment and the operation cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fuel cells, and relates to a fuel cell heat management device and a control method thereof.
Background
The fuel cell is a device for converting chemical energy into electric energy based on electrochemical reaction, and has the advantages of easy acquisition of fuel, high energy density, high response speed and the like, so that the fuel cell becomes one of the most potential energy sources at present, and has great application prospects in the fields of electric automobiles and the like. However, from the composition and characteristics of the fuel cell, the use efficiency of the fuel cell is greatly influenced by the temperature, and meanwhile, the heat dissipation is difficult, too high temperature can dehydrate and even break the membrane of the fuel cell, thus seriously influencing the normal operation of the fuel cell, and too low temperature can delaminate the membrane electrode of the fuel cell, thus influencing the service life of the fuel cell.
In view of the above problems in the use of fuel cells, a thermal management system for fuel cells is also designed in the prior art to solve the problems of large temperature influence and difficult heat dissipation, but the prior art often has the problems of large energy consumption, inconvenient use and single function. CN 209029484U discloses a fuel cell thermal management system for a new energy automobile, wherein a fuel cell module comprises a fuel cell and a heat exchange assembly, the heat exchange assembly is communicated with a main flow pipeline, the main flow pipeline is divided into two branches, one branch is connected with an electromagnetic valve, the other branch is connected with an electronic thermostat, two branches are connected between the electromagnetic valve and the electronic thermostat, a warm air heater is arranged on the first branch, an ATS fan is arranged on the second branch, a water temperature sensor, a deionized water device, a filter and an electronic water pump are communicated with the main flow pipeline, and the other communication end of the electromagnetic valve is also communicated with an expansion pot; the thermal management system is mainly a vehicle thermal management system, the use condition of a rack is not considered, only heating or cooling of a fuel cell can be realized, the function is single, and the expansion kettle is controlled by a three-way valve to control whether water enters or not, so that the function of automatic water replenishing is lost.
CN 209311114U discloses a fuel cell thermal management test rack, which comprises a rack body and a fuel cell thermal management test system installed on the rack body, the latter includes a fuel cell simulator, an expansion water tank, a heat dissipation module with an exhaust port connected with an air inlet pipe of the expansion water tank, a water pump with a fluid infusion port connected with a fluid infusion port of the expansion water tank, a thermostat with a water inlet connected with a water outlet of the water pump and a large and small circulating water outlet connected with a water inlet of the heat dissipation module and a water inlet of the fuel cell simulator respectively, a deionizer with a water inlet connected with a water outlet of the fuel cell simulator and a water outlet connected with a water inlet of the water pump, an intercooler with a water inlet connected with a water outlet of the intercooler, a PTC heater with a water outlet connected with a water inlet of the water pump, a flowmeter, a temperature sensor; the system is a heat management rack, but is not used for testing a fuel cell, and adopts a mode of simulating a galvanic pile, and similarly, only the cooling and heat dissipation conditions of a galvanic pile simulator are considered, and the control methods of operations such as water injection, air exhaust, purging of a galvanic pile simulator pipeline and the like in the use process of the rack are not considered.
In summary, for the structural design of the fuel cell heat management device, in addition to the heating and cooling control of the fuel cell, the operations of the rack and the fuel cell such as water injection and purging need to be controlled, so as to improve the use flexibility of the fuel cell heat management device, save time and reduce energy consumption.
Disclosure of Invention
The device can rapidly regulate and control the heating and cooling of the fuel cell stack through the arrangement of the heat management rack, particularly through the introduction of a compressed gas pipeline, and can also perform purging operation on the fuel cell and the heat management rack, so that water injection, purging and the like of the fuel cell stack and the heat management rack can be completed in the same device, the working efficiency of the heat management device is improved, the time and the cost are saved, and the integrated operation of the heat management device is realized.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a fuel cell heat management device, which comprises a fuel cell heat management rack and a fuel cell, wherein a circulation loop is formed by a circulation pipeline of the heat management rack and a fuel cell heat exchange assembly;
the flow pipeline of the heat management rack comprises two sections of main flow pipelines and three sections of branch pipelines, the two sections of main flow pipelines are respectively an outflow section pipeline and an inflow section pipeline, the outflow section pipeline is connected with a compressed gas pipeline, the inflow section pipeline is connected with a water supply device, the first branch pipeline is a communication pipeline, the second branch pipeline is provided with a heater, and the third branch pipeline is provided with a radiator.
According to the invention, through the arrangement of the pipeline connection relationship in the fuel cell heat management rack, the design of the main flow pipeline and the branch pipelines can respectively control different requirements of heating or cooling of the fuel cell, the heat management rack and the water injection process of the fuel cell are conveniently controlled, and the introduction of the compressed gas pipeline enables the device to perform the operation of water drainage and purging, so that the device has more functions, and various operations of the fuel cell rack test are integrated in the same device, so that the working efficiency is improved, the test time is saved, and the equipment and the operation cost are saved.
The following technical solutions are preferred technical solutions of the present invention, but not limited to the technical solutions provided by the present invention, and technical objects and advantageous effects of the present invention can be better achieved and achieved by the following technical solutions.
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the outflow section pipeline is provided with at least one outlet, for example, one, two or three outlets, etc., and the inflow section pipeline is provided with at least one inlet, for example, one, two or three inlets, etc.
Preferably, the number of the outlets of the outflow section pipeline is the same as that of the inlets of the inflow section pipeline.
Preferably, a valve is arranged at the outlet of each outflow section pipeline and at the inlet of each inflow section pipeline.
In the invention, the outlet of the outflow section pipeline of the heat management rack can be divided into a plurality of outlets, the outlets can be connected with a fuel cell stack and can also be communicated with an intercooler or other components needing heat dissipation, each outlet is provided with a valve for controlling opening and closing, the outlets can be opened independently or simultaneously, and the outlets are connected with equipment and then connected to the inlet of the inflow section pipeline through a pipeline to form a circulation loop.
Preferably, a valve is arranged on the outflow section pipeline between the junction of the three sections of branch pipelines and the connection of the compressed gas pipeline.
Preferably, a valve is arranged on the compressed gas pipeline.
In the invention, the valve between the junction of the three sections of branch pipelines and the connection of the compressed gas pipeline is arranged so that when compressed gas is introduced, the valve can block the pipeline and only a gas circulation pipeline is left, thereby facilitating the purging operation of the rack and the fuel cell.
In the invention, the air source of the compressed gas can compress air in a laboratory or air at the outlet of an air compressor of the fuel cell system.
Preferably, a first temperature and pressure measuring meter is arranged between the connection position of the compressed gas pipeline and the outlet of the outflow section pipeline.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a power transmission device, preferably a pump, is provided on the inflow segment pipe.
Preferably, the inflow section pipeline is further provided with at least one discharge port, and the number of the discharge ports is adjusted according to the size and operation requirements of the thermal management rack, and is preferably two.
Preferably, the discharge ports on the inflow section pipeline are respectively arranged at the front and the rear of the power conveying device, and each discharge port is provided with a valve.
Preferably, a second temperature and pressure measuring meter is arranged between the inlet and the outlet of the inflow section pipeline.
Preferably, the outlet of the water supply is connected to the inlet of the power transmission device.
Preferably, the water supply means comprises an expansion tank.
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, a deionizer is provided on the first branch line.
Preferably, a three-way valve is arranged at the junction of the inlets of the second branch pipeline and the third branch pipeline.
Preferably, an ion concentration meter is arranged at the junction of the outlets of the three sections of branch pipelines.
In the invention, the first branch pipeline is a normally open branch and is provided with the deionizer to purify water, so that the problem of scaling and blockage caused by high ion concentration and influence on heat transfer efficiency are avoided.
Preferably, the heater comprises a PTC heater or a steam heat exchanger.
Preferably, the radiator comprises a fan radiator or a chilled water heat exchanger.
Preferably, the top of the radiator is connected with an exhaust overflow port of a water supply device.
In the invention, the exhaust overflow port is arranged for exhausting before water is injected into the radiator, so that the radiator can be filled with water and can be used as an interface for overflow after water is injected, and the high point of the radiator is ensured not to gather air.
In another aspect, the present invention provides a control method of the above fuel cell thermal management apparatus, where the control method includes:
a water injection flow of the fuel cell heat management rack;
the water drainage and purging process of the fuel cell heat management rack;
the fuel cell heat management rack is used for injecting water into the fuel cell heat exchange assembly;
the fuel cell heat management rack is used for draining and purging water to the fuel cell heat exchange assembly;
and the fuel cell thermal management rack is used for heating or cooling the fuel cell.
According to the structure of the fuel cell heat management rack, various test operations can be performed according to the on-off change of equipment and valves, wherein the test operations comprise a water injection method of the heat management rack, a purging method of the heat management rack, a water injection method of a fuel cell heat exchange assembly, a purging method of the fuel cell heat exchange assembly and a control method for heating or cooling the fuel cell; wherein, the water injection of the fuel cell heat exchange assembly is injected as the cold extraction liquid of the fuel cell.
As a preferable technical solution of the present invention, the water injection flow of the fuel cell thermal management rack includes: connecting an outlet of the outflow section pipeline and an inlet of the inflow section pipeline with an external pipeline to form a loop, opening a valve on a circulating pipeline, opening a three-way valve to enable fluid to flow through a second branch pipeline, adding water into a water supply device until the liquid level does not drop, intermittently opening and closing a power transmission device, sequentially setting different running speeds of low speed, medium speed, high speed and the like, monitoring the pressure of a first temperature and pressure measuring meter and a second temperature and pressure measuring meter, supplementing water to the water supply device when the power transmission device is in a closed state, completing water adding and exhausting of a branch pipeline when the fluctuation range is smaller than a threshold value and the liquid level of the water supply device does not drop, and otherwise continuing water adding circulation;
after the water is added into the second branch pipeline, the opening of the three-way valve is adjusted to enable the fluid to flow through the third branch pipeline, and the operations are carried out again until the water adding and the air exhausting are finished; and finally, closing all valves and removing external pipelines.
As a preferable technical solution of the present invention, the water discharge and purge process of the fuel cell thermal management rack includes:
the method comprises the following steps of firstly, performing gravity drainage, opening other valves except an outlet of an outflow section pipeline and an inlet of an inflow section pipeline, enabling fluid to flow through a second branch pipeline by an opening of a three-way valve, and adjusting the opening of the three-way valve to enable the fluid to flow through a third branch pipeline until no liquid flows out from a discharge port on the inflow section pipeline when no liquid flows out from the discharge port on the inflow section pipeline;
purging and draining, connecting the outlet of the outflow section pipeline and the inlet of the inflow section pipeline with an external pipeline to form a loop, and regulating the opening and closing of corresponding valves to lead compressed gas to be introduced into the connecting loop for purging until no liquid flows out from a discharge port on the inflow section pipeline; adjusting the opening of the three-way valve to enable the fluid to flow through the second branch pipeline, and introducing compressed gas to a discharge port on the inflow section pipeline so that no liquid flows out;
stopping introducing the compressed air, removing the external pipeline, closing all valves and finishing the drainage and purging processes.
As a preferred technical scheme of the present invention, the flow of water injection from the fuel cell heat management rack to the fuel cell heat exchange assembly comprises:
connecting the outlet of the outflow section pipeline and the inlet of the inflow section pipeline with the fuel cell heat exchange assembly to form a loop, opening a valve on a circulating pipeline, closing the valves on a compressed gas pipeline and an inflow section pipeline discharge port, enabling fluid to flow through a third branch pipeline by opening a three-way valve, intermittently opening and closing the power conveying device, setting different running speeds, monitoring the pressure of a first temperature pressure measuring meter and a second temperature pressure measuring meter, completing water adding when the fluctuation range is smaller than a threshold value and the liquid level of the water supply device does not drop any more, otherwise, continuing to add water, and closing the power conveying device and the valve after the completion.
In the invention, when water is injected into the fuel cell heat exchange assembly, the fluid only needs to pass through the heat dissipation branch, and the branch has more original water volume, thereby being easier to avoid pressure fluctuation in the water adding process.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the flow of draining and purging the fuel cell heat exchange assembly by the fuel cell heat management rack comprises the following steps:
connecting the outlet of the outflow section pipeline and the inlet of the inflow section pipeline with the fuel cell heat exchange assembly to form a loop, adjusting the opening and closing of corresponding valves, only remaining the compressed gas circulation pipeline, naturally draining water, and no liquid flows out from the outlet of the inflow section pipeline;
and then introducing compressed gas, after introducing the compressed gas from the compressed gas pipeline, purging the liquid through the fuel cell heat exchange assembly, discharging the liquid through the inlet section pipeline discharge port until no liquid is discharged, stopping introducing the gas, closing all valves, and finishing the water discharging and purging processes.
As a preferable technical solution of the present invention, the process of heating or cooling the fuel cell by the fuel cell thermal management rack includes:
firstly, connecting an outlet of an outflow section pipeline and an inlet of an inflow section pipeline with a fuel cell heat exchange assembly to form a loop, opening a valve on a circulating pipeline, closing valves on a compressed gas pipeline and an outlet of the inflow section pipeline, opening a three-way valve to enable fluid to flow through a second branch pipeline, starting a power transmission device, and monitoring temperature and pressure;
when the fuel cell needs to be heated, a heater on the second branch pipeline is started, and the rotating speed of the power transmission device is adjusted until the heating requirement is met; when the fuel cell needs to be cooled, the opening of the three-way valve is adjusted to enable the fluid to flow through the third branch pipeline, the radiator is started, and the rotating speed of the power transmission device is adjusted until the cooling requirement is completed.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the design of the main flow pipeline and the branch pipelines in the heat management rack can respectively control different requirements of heating or cooling of the fuel cell and the like, and is convenient for controlling the heat management rack and the water injection process of the fuel cell;
(2) the compressed gas pipeline in the heat management rack is introduced, so that the device can also perform the operation of draining and purging the heat management rack and the fuel cell, and the device is endowed with more functions;
(3) the device integrates various operations of the fuel cell rack test in the same device, saves the test time by more than 60 percent, improves the working efficiency and saves the equipment and the operation cost.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a fuel cell thermal management rack provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flow chart of a water injection method of a fuel cell thermal management rack provided in embodiment 3 of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a flow chart of a water draining and purging method for a fuel cell thermal management rack provided in embodiment 4 of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a flow chart of a method for filling water into a fuel cell cooling loop by using a fuel cell thermal management rack provided in embodiment 5 of the invention;
fig. 5 is a flow chart of a method for draining and purging a fuel cell cooling circuit by a fuel cell thermal management rack provided in embodiment 6 of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a flow chart of a method for heating or cooling a fuel cell by a fuel cell thermal management rack provided in embodiment 7 of the present invention;
the system comprises a water supply device 1, a power transmission device 2, a deionizer 3, a heater 4, a radiator 5, a three-way valve 6, an ion concentration meter 7, a first temperature and pressure meter 8 and a second temperature and pressure meter 9.
Detailed Description
In order to better illustrate the present invention and facilitate the understanding of the technical solutions of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below. However, the following examples are only simple examples of the present invention and do not represent or limit the scope of the present invention, which is defined by the claims.
The following are typical but non-limiting examples of the invention:
example 1:
the embodiment provides a fuel cell heat management device, which comprises a fuel cell heat management rack and a fuel cell, wherein a circulation pipeline of the heat management rack and a fuel cell heat exchange assembly form a circulation loop;
the structure schematic diagram of the thermal management rack is shown in fig. 1, the flow pipeline comprises two sections of main flow pipelines and three sections of branch pipelines, the two sections of main flow pipelines are respectively an outflow section pipeline and an inflow section pipeline, the outflow section pipeline is connected with a compressed gas pipeline, the inflow section pipeline is connected with a water supply device 1, in the three sections of branch pipelines, the first branch pipeline is a communication pipeline, the second branch pipeline is provided with a heater 4, and the third branch pipeline is provided with a radiator 5.
The outflow section pipeline is provided with two outlets, and the inflow section pipeline is provided with two inlets; valves are arranged at the outlet of each outflow section pipeline and the inlet of each inflow section pipeline, the valves at the outlet of each outflow section pipeline are respectively V3 and V4, and the valves at the inlet of each inflow section pipeline are respectively V5 and V6.
A valve V1 is arranged on the outflow section pipeline between the junction of the three sections of branch pipelines and the connection of the compressed gas pipeline; and a valve V2 is arranged on the compressed gas pipeline.
A first temperature and pressure measuring meter 8 is arranged between the connection part of the compressed gas pipeline and the outlet of the outflow section pipeline.
The power transmission device 2 arranged on the inflow section pipeline is a pump.
The inflow section pipeline is also provided with two discharge ports which are respectively arranged at the inlet and the outlet of the pump, and the two discharge ports are respectively provided with a valve V7 and a valve V9.
A second temperature and pressure measuring meter 9 is arranged between the inlet and the outlet of the inflow section pipeline.
The outlet of the water supply device 1 is connected to the inlet of the power transmission device 2.
A valve V8 is arranged between the connection position of the water supply device 1 and the pipeline of the inflow section and the discharge port in front of the inlet of the pump.
The water supply device 1 comprises an expansion tank.
The first branch pipeline is provided with a deionizer 3.
And a three-way valve 6 is arranged at the junction of the inlets of the second branch pipeline and the third branch pipeline.
And an ion concentration meter 7 is arranged at the junction of the outlets of the three sections of branch pipelines.
The heater 4 comprises a PTC heater; the heat sink 5 comprises a fan heat sink.
The top of the radiator 5 is connected with an exhaust overflow port of a water supply device.
Example 2:
the embodiment provides a fuel cell heat management device, which comprises a fuel cell heat management rack and a fuel cell, wherein a circulation pipeline of the heat management rack and a fuel cell heat exchange assembly form a circulation loop;
the circulation pipeline of the heat management rack comprises two sections of main flow pipelines and three sections of branch pipelines, the two sections of main flow pipelines are respectively an outflow section pipeline and an inflow section pipeline, the outflow section pipeline is connected with a compressed gas pipeline, the inflow section pipeline is connected with a water supply device 1, in the three sections of branch pipelines, a first branch pipeline is a communication pipeline, a heater 4 is arranged on a second branch pipeline, and a radiator 5 is arranged on a third branch pipeline.
An outlet is arranged on the outflow section pipeline, and an inlet is arranged on the inflow section pipeline; the outlet of the outflow section pipeline is provided with a valve V4, and the inlet of the inflow section pipeline is provided with a valve V6.
A valve V1 is arranged on the outflow section pipeline between the junction of the three sections of branch pipelines and the connection of the compressed gas pipeline; and a valve V2 is arranged on the compressed gas pipeline.
A first temperature and pressure measuring meter 8 is arranged between the connection part of the compressed gas pipeline and the outlet of the outflow section pipeline.
The power transmission device 2 arranged on the inflow section pipeline is a pump.
The inflow section pipeline is also provided with two discharge ports which are respectively arranged at the inlet and the outlet of the pump, and the two discharge ports are respectively provided with a valve V7 and a valve V9.
A second temperature and pressure measuring meter 9 is arranged between the inlet and the outlet of the inflow section pipeline.
The outlet of the water supply device 1 is connected to the inlet of the power transmission device 2.
The water supply device 1 includes an automatic water supply device.
And a three-way valve 6 is arranged at the junction of the inlets of the second branch pipeline and the third branch pipeline.
The heater 4 comprises a steam heat exchanger; the radiator 5 includes a chilled water heat exchanger.
Example 3:
the present embodiment provides a water injection method for a fuel cell thermal management rack in a control method for a fuel cell thermal management apparatus, where the apparatus is the apparatus in embodiment 1, and a flowchart of the method is shown in fig. 2, and specifically includes:
firstly, when all valves are in a closed state, connecting a valve V4 at an outlet of an outflow section pipeline and a valve V6 at an inlet of an inflow section pipeline with an external pipeline to form a loop, opening valves V1, V4, V6 and V8, communicating a second branch pipeline with a three-way valve 6, and adding water into an expansion water tank until the liquid level does not drop; intermittently starting and closing the water pump, and sequentially setting low-speed, medium-speed and high-speed operation, wherein the water pump supplies water to the expansion water tank in a closed state; monitoring the pressure of the first temperature and pressure measuring meter 8 and the second temperature and pressure measuring meter 9, when the fluctuation range is smaller than the threshold value and the liquid level of the expansion water tank does not drop any more, finishing the water adding and air exhausting of the branch, otherwise, continuing the water adding circulation;
after the water is added into the second branch pipeline, the opening of the three-way valve 6 is adjusted to be communicated with the third branch pipeline, and the operations are carried out again until the water adding and the air exhausting are finished; and finally, closing all valves and removing external pipelines.
Example 4:
the present embodiment provides a water draining and purging method for a fuel cell thermal management rack in a control method of a fuel cell thermal management device, where the device is the device in embodiment 1, and a flowchart of the method is shown in fig. 3, and specifically includes:
firstly, performing gravity drainage, opening an expansion tank cover, opening valves V1, V2, V7, V8 and V9, connecting an opening of a three-way valve 6 with a second branch pipeline, and adjusting an opening of the three-way valve 6 to be connected with a third branch pipeline until no liquid flows out from a discharge port on an inflow section pipeline when no liquid flows out from the discharge port on the inflow section pipeline;
then purging and draining, closing the expansion tank cover, connecting an outlet of the outflow section pipeline and an inlet of the inflow section pipeline with an external pipeline to form a loop, opening the valve V3-V6, closing the valve V1, and introducing compressed air until no liquid flows out from a discharge port on the inflow section pipeline; an opening of the three-way valve 6 is adjusted to be communicated with the second branch pipeline, and no liquid flows out from a discharge port on the pipeline of the inflow section when compressed gas is introduced;
stopping introducing the compressed air, removing the external pipeline, closing all valves and finishing the drainage and purging processes.
Example 5:
the present embodiment provides a method for filling water into a fuel cell cooling circuit by a fuel cell thermal management rack in a control method of a fuel cell thermal management apparatus, where the apparatus selects the apparatus in embodiment 1, and a flowchart of the method is shown in fig. 4, and specifically includes:
connecting the outlet of the outflow section pipeline and the inlet of the inflow section pipeline with a fuel cell heat exchange assembly to form a loop, closing valves V2, V3, V5, V7 and V9, opening valves V1, V4, V6 and V8, communicating a three-way valve 6 with a third branch pipeline, intermittently opening and closing a water pump, sequentially setting different running speeds such as low speed, medium speed and high speed, and supplementing water to an expansion water tank by the water pump in a closed state; and monitoring the pressure of the first temperature and pressure measuring meter 8 and the second temperature and pressure measuring meter 9, finishing water adding when the fluctuation range is smaller than the threshold value and the liquid level of the expansion water tank does not drop any more, or continuing to add water, and closing the water pump and all valves after finishing water adding.
Example 6:
the present embodiment provides a method for draining and purging water from a fuel cell cooling circuit by a fuel cell thermal management rack in a control method of a fuel cell thermal management device, where the device is the device in embodiment 1, and a flowchart of the method is shown in fig. 5, and specifically includes:
connecting the outlet of the outflow section pipeline and the inlet of the inflow section pipeline with the fuel cell heat exchange assembly to form a loop, closing valves V1, V3, V5 and V8, opening valves V2, V4, V6 and V7, naturally draining water firstly, and no liquid flows out from the outlet of the inflow section pipeline; and introducing compressed gas, after introducing the compressed gas from the compressed gas pipeline, passing through the fuel cell cooling loop, purging the liquid, discharging the liquid through the discharge port of the inflow section pipeline until no liquid is discharged, stopping introducing the gas, closing all valves, and finishing the drainage and purging processes.
Example 7:
the present embodiment provides a method for heating or cooling a fuel cell by a fuel cell thermal management rack in a control method of a fuel cell thermal management apparatus, where the apparatus selects the apparatus in embodiment 1, and a flowchart of the method is shown in fig. 6, and specifically includes:
firstly, connecting an outlet of an outflow section pipeline and an inlet of an inflow section pipeline with a fuel cell heat exchange assembly to form a loop, closing valves V2, V3, V5, V7 and V9, opening valves V1, V4, V6 and V8, communicating a second branch pipeline with a three-way valve 6, starting a water pump, and monitoring temperature and pressure;
when the fuel cell needs to be heated, starting the PTC heater, and regulating the rotating speed of the water pump and the PTC heating power by combining the temperature and the pressure until the heating requirement is met; when no heating requirement exists, the rotating speed of the water pump is adjusted by combining the temperature and the pressure; when the maximum rotating speed of the water pump still cannot meet the cooling requirement, the three-way valve 6 is adjusted to be communicated with the third branch pipeline, and the rotating speed of the fan is adjusted by combining the temperature and the pressure until the cooling requirement is met; and if the shutdown instruction is given, stopping the water pump, closing the valve, and finishing cooling or heating the fuel cell by the thermal management rack.
Comparative example 1:
this comparative example provides a fuel cell thermal management device whose structure is referred to that of example 1, except that: the device does not include a compressed gas line.
In this comparison example, because the thermal management rack lacks the compressed gas pipeline, so the device can only mainly carry out water injection process and simple natural drainage, and can not sweep, and liquid discharge is incomplete, is difficult to carry out long-term operation or directly changes the liquid kind, and the operation that the device can go on is less, causes to actually accomplish whole operation flow consuming time longer, influences the work efficiency of thermal management device.
It can be seen from the above embodiments and comparative examples that the design of the main flow pipeline and the branch pipelines in the thermal management rack of the present invention can respectively control different requirements of heating or cooling of the fuel cell, and is also convenient for controlling the water injection process of the thermal management rack and the fuel cell; the compressed gas pipeline in the thermal management rack is introduced, so that the device can also perform the operation of draining and purging the thermal management rack and the fuel cell, and the device is endowed with more functions; the device integrates various operations of the fuel cell rack test in the same device, the test time can be saved by more than 60%, the working efficiency is improved, and the equipment and the operation cost are saved.
The applicant states that the present invention is illustrated by the detailed apparatus and method of the present invention through the above embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the above detailed apparatus and method, i.e. it is not meant to imply that the present invention must be implemented by the above detailed apparatus and method. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that any modifications to the present invention, equivalents of the means for substitution and addition of means for carrying out the invention, selection of specific means, etc., are within the scope and disclosure of the invention.
Claims (27)
1. The fuel cell heat management device is characterized by comprising a fuel cell heat management rack and a fuel cell, wherein a circulation pipeline of the heat management rack and a fuel cell heat exchange assembly form a circulation loop;
the flow pipeline of the heat management rack comprises two sections of main flow pipelines and three sections of branch pipelines, the two sections of main flow pipelines are respectively an outflow section pipeline and an inflow section pipeline, the outflow section pipeline is connected with a compressed gas pipeline, the inflow section pipeline is connected with a water supply device, the first branch pipeline is a communication pipeline, the second branch pipeline is provided with a heater, and the third branch pipeline is provided with a radiator.
2. The fuel cell thermal management apparatus of claim 1, wherein the outflow section conduit is provided with at least one outlet and the inflow section conduit is provided with at least one inlet.
3. The fuel cell thermal management apparatus of claim 2, wherein the number of outlets of the outflow section tubes is the same as the number of inlets of the inflow section tubes.
4. The fuel cell thermal management apparatus of claim 2, wherein a valve is provided at the outlet of each of the outflow section pipes and at the inlet of each of the inflow section pipes.
5. The fuel cell thermal management apparatus of claim 1, wherein a valve is provided in the outflow section conduit between the junction of the three branch conduits and the connection of the compressed gas conduit.
6. The fuel cell thermal management apparatus of claim 1, wherein a valve is provided in the compressed gas line.
7. The fuel cell thermal management apparatus of claim 1, wherein a first temperature and pressure gauge is provided between the connection of the compressed gas line and the outlet of the outflow section line.
8. The fuel cell thermal management apparatus of claim 1, wherein a power delivery device is provided on the inflow segment piping.
9. The fuel cell thermal management apparatus of claim 8, wherein a pump is provided on the inflow segment piping.
10. The fuel cell thermal management apparatus of claim 8, wherein at least one vent is further provided in the flow-in section conduit.
11. The fuel cell thermal management apparatus of claim 10, wherein two exhaust ports are also provided on the flow-in section conduit.
12. The fuel cell thermal management apparatus of claim 11, wherein the exhaust ports of the inlet section tubes are disposed before and after the power delivery device, respectively.
13. The fuel cell thermal management apparatus of claim 10, wherein a second temperature and pressure gauge is provided between the inlet and the outlet of the inlet section of tubing.
14. The fuel cell thermal management apparatus of claim 8, wherein an outlet of the water supply is connected to an inlet of a power delivery device.
15. The fuel cell thermal management apparatus of claim 1, wherein the water supply comprises an expansion tank.
16. The fuel cell thermal management apparatus of claim 1, wherein a deionizer is provided on the first branch line.
17. The fuel cell thermal management apparatus of claim 1, wherein a three-way valve is provided where the inlets of the second and third branch lines meet.
18. The fuel cell thermal management apparatus of claim 1, wherein an ion concentration meter is provided at the junction of the outlets of the three-stage branch lines.
19. The fuel cell thermal management apparatus of claim 1, wherein the heater comprises a PTC heater or a steam heat exchanger.
20. The fuel cell thermal management apparatus of claim 1, wherein the heat sink comprises a fan heat sink or a chilled water heat exchanger.
21. The fuel cell thermal management apparatus of claim 1, wherein a top of the heat sink is connected to an exhaust overflow port of a water supply.
22. A control method of a fuel cell thermal management apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 21, characterized by comprising:
a water injection flow of the fuel cell heat management rack;
the water drainage and purging process of the fuel cell heat management rack;
the fuel cell heat management rack is used for injecting water into the fuel cell heat exchange assembly;
the fuel cell heat management rack is used for draining and purging water to the fuel cell heat exchange assembly;
and the fuel cell thermal management rack is used for heating or cooling the fuel cell.
23. The control method of claim 22, wherein the water injection flow of the fuel cell thermal management skid comprises: connecting an outlet of the outflow section pipeline and an inlet of the inflow section pipeline with an external pipeline to form a loop, opening a valve on a circulating pipeline, opening a three-way valve to enable fluid to flow through a second branch pipeline, adding water into a water supply device until the liquid level does not drop, intermittently opening and closing a power conveying device, setting different running speeds, monitoring the pressures of a first temperature pressure measuring meter and a second temperature pressure measuring meter, and when the fluctuation range is smaller than a threshold value and the liquid level of the water supply device does not drop, adding water into a branch and exhausting, otherwise, continuing to add water and circulate;
after the water is added into the second branch pipeline, the opening of the three-way valve is adjusted to enable the fluid to flow through the third branch pipeline, and the operations are carried out again until the water adding and the air exhausting are finished; and finally, closing all valves and removing external pipelines.
24. The control method of claim 22, wherein the draining and purging process of the fuel cell thermal management skid comprises:
the method comprises the following steps of firstly, performing gravity drainage, opening other valves except an outlet of an outflow section pipeline and an inlet of an inflow section pipeline, enabling fluid to flow through a second branch pipeline by an opening of a three-way valve, and adjusting the opening of the three-way valve to enable the fluid to flow through a third branch pipeline until no liquid flows out from a discharge port on the inflow section pipeline when no liquid flows out from the discharge port on the inflow section pipeline;
purging and draining, connecting the outlet of the outflow section pipeline and the inlet of the inflow section pipeline with an external pipeline to form a loop, and regulating the opening and closing of corresponding valves to lead compressed gas to be introduced into the connecting loop for purging until no liquid flows out from a discharge port on the inflow section pipeline; adjusting the opening of the three-way valve to enable the fluid to flow through the second branch pipeline, and introducing compressed gas to a discharge port on the inflow section pipeline so that no liquid flows out;
stopping introducing the compressed air, removing the external pipeline, closing all valves and finishing the drainage and purging processes.
25. The control method of claim 22, wherein the step of injecting water into the fuel cell heat exchange assembly by the fuel cell thermal management gantry comprises:
connecting the outlet of the outflow section pipeline and the inlet of the inflow section pipeline with the fuel cell heat exchange assembly to form a loop, opening a valve on a circulating pipeline, closing the valves on a compressed gas pipeline and an inflow section pipeline discharge port, enabling fluid to flow through a third branch pipeline by opening a three-way valve, intermittently opening and closing the power conveying device, setting different running speeds, monitoring the pressure of a first temperature pressure measuring meter and a second temperature pressure measuring meter, completing water adding when the fluctuation range is smaller than a threshold value and the liquid level of the water supply device does not drop any more, otherwise, continuing to add water, and closing the power conveying device and the valve after the completion.
26. The control method of claim 22, wherein the procedure of draining and purging the fuel cell heat exchange assembly by the fuel cell heat management rack comprises:
connecting the outlet of the outflow section pipeline and the inlet of the inflow section pipeline with the fuel cell heat exchange assembly to form a loop, adjusting the opening and closing of corresponding valves, only remaining the compressed gas circulation pipeline, naturally draining water, and no liquid flows out from the outlet of the inflow section pipeline;
and introducing compressed gas, after introducing the compressed gas from the compressed gas pipeline, purging the liquid through the fuel cell heat exchange assembly, discharging the liquid through the inlet section pipeline discharge port until no liquid is discharged, stopping introducing the gas, closing all valves, and finishing the water drainage and purging processes.
27. The control method of claim 22, wherein the flow of heating or cooling the fuel cell by the fuel cell thermal management gantry comprises:
firstly, connecting an outlet of an outflow section pipeline and an inlet of an inflow section pipeline with a fuel cell heat exchange assembly to form a loop, opening a valve on a circulating pipeline, closing valves on a compressed gas pipeline and an outlet of the inflow section pipeline, opening a three-way valve to enable fluid to flow through a second branch pipeline, starting a power transmission device, and monitoring temperature and pressure;
when the fuel cell needs to be heated, a heater on the second branch pipeline is started, and the rotating speed of the power transmission device is adjusted until the heating requirement is met; when the fuel cell needs to be cooled, the opening of the three-way valve is adjusted to enable the fluid to flow through the third branch pipeline, the radiator is started, and the rotating speed of the power transmission device is adjusted until the cooling requirement is completed.
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| CN112490468B (en) * | 2020-11-20 | 2023-05-23 | 广西玉柴机器股份有限公司 | Integrated intercooler, thermal management device and fuel cell system |
| CN113270611A (en) * | 2021-04-08 | 2021-08-17 | 黄冈格罗夫氢能汽车有限公司 | Fuel cell thermal management system and method |
| CN113300059B (en) * | 2021-05-13 | 2022-09-23 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | Cooling liquid filling structure and method and fuel cell engine system |
| CN114335624B (en) * | 2021-08-23 | 2023-11-17 | 郑州意昂新能源汽车科技有限公司 | Fuel cell thermal management system and control method thereof |
| CN115842144B (en) * | 2022-10-27 | 2023-09-26 | 中汽创智科技有限公司 | Fuel cell thermal management test system |
| CN115939456A (en) * | 2022-12-02 | 2023-04-07 | 重庆阿泰可科技股份有限公司 | Hydrogen fuel cell stack thermal management test system |
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