CN111815176B - Long-term electric quantity multi-channel complementary coordination sending method and system in hydropower enrichment power grid - Google Patents
Long-term electric quantity multi-channel complementary coordination sending method and system in hydropower enrichment power grid Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multi-channel complementary coordination sending method and a multi-channel complementary coordination sending system for long-term electric quantity in a hydropower enrichment power grid, wherein the generating capacity of a hydropower system is estimated by adopting a maximum generating capacity model according to a water level control target of a key reservoir of a main watershed in the hydropower enrichment power grid; analyzing the grid-connected relation of a transmission end grid water power station group and associated delivery channels, describing a power transmission section topological structure, constructing a partition recursive constraint equation of section power transmission capacity, and determining delivery scale of each channel; constructing a multi-channel complementary coordination optimization model by taking the minimum water and electricity discarding quantity as a target, taking the total power receiving capacity of a receiving-end power grid as a control condition and taking the transmission limit of each channel as a constraint; and optimizing the water and electricity delivery plan according to the multi-channel complementary coordination optimization model. The method is beneficial to expanding the description method of the power transmission control section of the power grid in the hydropower scheduling of the hydropower enrichment power grid, can provide a more efficient hydropower delivery plan, and promotes the large-scale consumption of clean energy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of hydropower dispatching operation, in particular to a long-term electric quantity multichannel complementary coordination sending method and system in a hydropower enrichment power grid.
Background
China's hydropower resources are mainly concentrated in southwest areas, particularly Sichuan and Yunnan, the installed capacities of hydropower are respectively ranked first and second, but the local load demand is low, and surplus hydropower needs to be transmitted to load centers such as east China, south China and China through an extra-high voltage power transmission network frame, so how to fully utilize complex outgoing channels to reasonably arrange hydropower transmission plans has important practical significance for absorbing clean energy such as large-scale hydropower and avoiding unnecessary water abandonment.
Taking a Sichuan power grid as an example, as a provincial hub power grid with the largest scale and the most complex operation of a national power grid system, a 500-kilovolt main grid in the power grid covers each city (state) of the whole province, a ladder-shaped double-loop network is formed in a load center, the province is interconnected with power grids such as east China, northwest China, Tibet, Chongqing and the like through 8 ultrahigh-voltage alternating-current and 4 ultrahigh/ultrahigh-voltage direct-current lines, the power grids are main channels for delivering Sichuan power, a pattern for intensively delivering power to east China at the downstream of Jinshajiang and Yazhenjiang is formed, and the trans-provincial power delivery capacity reaches about 3000 kW scale. The complex trans-provincial power transmission network structure increases the complexity of hydropower dispatching, and particularly, a plurality of connecting lines are operated in a mixed mode, so that new problems of direct-current connecting line plan formulation, coordination of connecting line plans, how to safely and economically distribute connecting lines among power stations to send curves and the like are faced in the hydropower dispatching, and a multi-channel complementary coordination sending theory and application practice are new problems and new challenges which need to be overcome urgently.
In medium and long-term scheduling, water level control strategies and power generation capacity of large basin cascade hydropower stations need to be analyzed in a key mode in water delivery, and delivery capacity scales of different channels are reasonably arranged by utilizing difference of incoming water and adjustment performance among cascade channels and difference of delivery capacity among channels, so that the situation that the channels are idle and can be delivered without electricity or the channels are insufficient to discard water and nest electricity is avoided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems that hydropower enrichment is realized on one hand, and a large amount of hydropower resource waste is caused by the fact that a channel is idle and has no electricity to be sent or the channel is insufficient to discard water and nest electricity on the other hand.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the long-term electric quantity multi-channel complementary coordination sending method in the hydropower enrichment power grid comprises the following steps: s1: estimating the generating capacity of the hydropower system by adopting a maximum generating capacity model according to a water level control target of a key reservoir of a main watershed in a hydropower enrichment power grid; s2: analyzing the grid-connected relation of a transmission end grid water power station group and associated delivery channels, describing a power transmission section topological structure, constructing a partition recursive constraint equation of section power transmission capacity, and determining delivery scale of each channel; s3: constructing a multi-channel complementary coordination optimization model by taking the minimum water-abandoning electric quantity as a target, the total power receiving capacity of a receiving-end power grid as a control condition and the transmission limit of each channel as a constraint according to the power generation capacity of the hydroelectric system and the outgoing scale of each channel; s4: and optimizing the water and electricity delivery plan according to the multi-channel complementary coordination optimization model.
According to the invention, the power generation capacity of the power transmission end hydropower station group and the capacity of the plurality of connecting line channels are accurately considered, hydrologic and electric power compensation are utilized, the hydropower transmission plan of each connecting line channel is reasonably determined, and the problem that hydropower cannot be transmitted out due to low channel utilization rate and partial channel blockage is effectively avoided; the power transmission section topological structure and recursion constraint are adopted to describe the power grid delivery channel and the delivery capacity of the power grid, so that the method for describing the power grid power transmission control section in the hydropower enrichment power grid hydropower dispatching is favorably expanded, a more efficient hydropower delivery plan can be given, and the large-scale consumption of clean energy is promoted.
Further, the step S1 includes determining the end-of-term control water level targets of the controlled reservoirs in combination with the grid dispatching operation and the safety control requirements, and estimating the power generation capacity of the hydroelectric system by using the maximum power generation capacity model in consideration of the runoff prediction.
Further, the limit transmission capacity limit for a certain transmission section can be expressed as:
PS-CS≤NS
in the formula: pSRepresenting the sum of active power output of all power stations under the corresponding sending end area of the transmission section, CSRepresenting the sum of the active values of all loads, NSLimiting the transmission capacity of the section limit; will load value CSMoving to the right of the inequality, the total power of the power station in the region can be regarded as not exceeding CS+NSI.e. the upper limit of the output in this region.
Partition output upper limit of any partition i time period t
Can be expressed as:
in the formula: n is a radical ofSi,tLimiting the section limit transmission capacity of the section corresponding to the section i in the t-th time period; cSi,tFor the total electric load in the t-th time interval partition i, the total electric load is expressed by a recursive function delta (i, t), and the partition i containing the t-th time interval directly contains the electric load Ci,tAnd the sum of the electrical loads of all secondary partitions in partition i
Wherein DSiThe number sets of all secondary partitions in the partition i are set;
force output P in partition i time interval tSi,tBy using recursive functions
Expressed as:
in the formula: the output of the subarea i in the t-th time period comprises that the subarea i directly comprises the sum of the outputs of the large and medium hydropower stations
Partition i directly contains the total power P of other power suppliesSHi,tAnd the sum of the feasible forces of all secondary subareas under the limit of the upper limit of the force of each subarea
Wherein DHiThe zone i is shown to contain the number set of medium and large hydropower stations directly.
Further, the multichannel complementary coordination optimization model is constructed as follows:
in the formula: elm,tThe water and electricity abandoning quantity of the power station m in the time period t, omega is a hydropower station set associated with an outgoing channel, El,tThe output power of the channel I in the time period t,
is the maximum delivery capacity of the channel I in the time period t, ErtIs the hydropower receiving capacity, omega, of a receiving end power grid in the period of tlIs the set of outgoing channels for the current problem. And carrying out complementary coordination, establishing a coordination optimization model, and improving the electric quantity output scale.
Another implementation manner of the present invention is a long-term electric quantity multi-channel complementary coordination sending-out system in a hydropower enrichment electric network, comprising: the hydroelectric system power generation capacity determining module: the method is used for estimating the generating capacity of the hydropower system by adopting a maximum generating capacity model according to a water level control target of a key reservoir of a main watershed in a hydropower enrichment power grid; a channel outgoing size determining module: the system comprises a network management module, a network management module and a network management module, wherein the network management module is used for analyzing a grid-connected relation and an associated delivery channel of a delivery-end power grid hydropower station group, describing a power transmission section topological structure, constructing a section transmission capacity partition recursive constraint equation and determining delivery scale of each channel; an optimization module: the multi-channel complementary coordination optimization model is constructed according to the generating capacity of the hydroelectric system and the delivery scale of each channel, with the aim of minimizing the water-abandoning electric quantity, the total receiving capacity of a receiving-end power grid as a control condition and the transmission limit of each channel as a constraint; an output module: and the system is used for optimizing the hydropower delivery plan according to the multi-channel complementary coordination optimization model and outputting the hydropower delivery plan.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
1. the power generation of the cascade hydropower station group across the drainage basin is effectively coordinated, a plurality of direct-current connecting line channels are fully utilized, a hydropower delivery plan is reasonably arranged, and the hydropower consumption capacity of a hydropower enrichment power grid is improved.
2. The power generation capacity of the transmission end hydropower station group and the capacities of the plurality of connecting line channels are accurately considered, hydrographic and electric power compensation are utilized, the hydropower transmission plan of each connecting line channel is reasonably determined, and the problem that hydropower cannot be transmitted due to low utilization rate of the transmission channel and partial channel blockage is effectively avoided.
3. The power grid delivery channel and the transmission capacity thereof are described by adopting a partition multi-level section theory and a recursion method, the method is beneficial to expanding the description method of the power grid transmission control section in the hydropower enrichment power grid hydropower dispatching, a more efficient hydropower delivery plan can be given, and the large-scale consumption of clean energy is promoted.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a graph of the overall power generation load of a hydroelectric system;
fig. 2 shows a power transmission process to a transmission-side grid.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples and accompanying drawings, and the exemplary embodiments and descriptions thereof are only used for explaining the present invention and are not meant to limit the present invention.
Example 1
This embodiment 1 is a method for multi-channel complementary coordination of long-term electric quantity in a hydropower enrichment grid, which includes the following steps:
(1) and determining a water level control target of the key reservoir of the main watershed and estimating the power generation capacity of the hydroelectric system. And determining the end-of-term control water level targets of the controlled reservoirs by combining the power grid dispatching operation and safety control requirements, considering runoff prediction, and estimating the power generation capacity of the hydroelectric system by adopting a maximum power generation capacity model.
1) Objective function
2) Constraint conditions
Water balance equation: the water balance in the single-station time interval dimension and the upstream and downstream power station space dimension is ensured as follows:
Vm,t+1＝Vm,t+hn×(Qm,t-qm,t-Qlm,t)Δt
and (3) final water level restraint: the schedule end-of-term water level is controlled as follows:
and (3) power generation flow restriction: generally, the upper limit is considered, which depends on the maximum flow capacity of the water turbine, the maintenance plan of the unit and the like, and is as follows:
and (4) ex-warehouse flow constraint: the warehouse-out requirement of the warehouse-out flow upper and lower limits is met in the period of time in the power generation dispatching, and the method comprises the following steps:
power station output restraint: the power generation output of the power station is limited, and the power generation output depends on indexes such as minimum technical output, unit overhaul capacity and the like of the generator set, and the indexes are as follows:
reservoir level constraint: the upper and lower limits of reservoir water level are set by combining with an actual reservoir dispatching mode, so that the reservoir is ensured to operate in a safe and reasonable water level range, and the method comprises the following steps:
in the formula: t and T are the number and the total number of the scheduling time interval; m and M are the serial number and the total number of the reservoir of the hydropower station; pm,t，Pm,t，
Representing the average output of the mth reservoir in the t period and the lower limit and the upper limit thereof, MW; zm,t,
Z m,tRespectively representing the upstream water level and the upper and lower limits m of the m-number power station at the end of the t-th time period;
representing the water level at the beginning and the end of a given scheduling period, m; vm,tIs the effective storage capacity of the No. m power station at the end of the t time period3；Qm,tThe storage flow of the mth reservoir in the time period t, m3/s，
Qnm,tFor the interval flow of the m-th reservoir in time period t, m3S; ku is the total number of direct upstream power stations of the m-number power station;
the total flow of the K power station flowing into the m power station in a time period t is the sum of the generating flow and the waste water flow of the K power station, and m is3/s；qm,t，
Representing the generating flow of the mth reservoir in the t period and the upper limit thereof; sm,t、S m,t、
Respectively the ex-warehouse flow and the upper and lower limits of the m-number power station in the time period t, m3/s；Qlm,tWaste water flow of No. m power station in time period t, m3/s；ΔtIs the length of the t period (in hours); hn denotes 3600 seconds per hour.
(2) Channel capabilities are described. Firstly, analyzing the grid-connected relation of a transmission end power grid hydropower station group and an associated outgoing channel, and drawing an accurate network topological structure, which is an important basis for analyzing the channel capacity; secondly, the sending capacity and the Total sending capacity of the channel are analyzed, and for a certain transmission section, the limit of Total Transfer Capacity (TTC) can be expressed as:
PS-CS≤NS
in the formula: pS、CSRespectively taking the sum of the active output of all power stations under the corresponding sending end area of the power transmission section and the sum of the active values of all loads; n is a radical ofSIs section TTC. Will load value CSMoving to the right of the inequality, the total power of the power station in the region can be regarded as not exceeding CS+NSI.e. the upper limit of the output in this region. Partition upper limit of output for any partition i time period t
Can be expressed as:
in the formula: n is a radical ofSi,tTTC of the corresponding section of the section i in the t-th time period; cSi,tFor the total electric load in the t-th time interval partition i, the total electric load is expressed by a recursive function delta (i, t), and the partition i containing the t-th time interval directly contains the electric load Ci,tAnd the sum of the electrical loads of all secondary partitions in partition i
Wherein DSiThe number sets for all the next level partitions in partition i.
Force output P in partition i time interval tSi,tBy using recursive functions
Expressed as:
in the formula: the output of the subarea i in the t-th time period comprises that the subarea i directly comprises the sum of the outputs of the large and medium hydropower stations
Partition i directly contains the total power P of other power suppliesSHi,tAnd the sum of the feasible forces of all secondary subareas under the limit of the upper limit of the force of each subarea
Wherein DHiThe zone i is shown to contain the number set of medium and large hydropower stations directly.
(3) And comprehensively considering the power generation capacity of the power supply of each channel, the transmission capacity of the channel and the power receiving space of the receiving end power grid, and analyzing the outgoing scale of each channel and the possible water and electricity abandoning situation of each channel.
(4) And carrying out complementary coordination, establishing a coordination optimization model, and improving the electric quantity output scale. The method comprises the following steps of establishing a coordination optimization model of a plurality of channels by taking the total power receiving capacity of a receiving-end power grid as a control condition and the transmission limit of each channel as a constraint, and adopting a minimum goal of the water-abandoning electric quantity, wherein the following formula is specifically adopted:
in the formula: elm,tThe water and electricity abandoning quantity of the power station m in the time period t, omega is a hydropower station set associated with an outgoing channel, El,tThe output power of the channel I in the time period t,
is the maximum delivery capacity of the channel I in the time period t, ErtIs the hydropower receiving capacity, omega, of a receiving end power grid in the period of tlIs the set of outgoing channels for the current problem.
The method of this embodiment 1 was examined with the main hydropower station group of the sichuan power grid as the actual engineering background. The water and electricity resources of the power grid in Sichuan are rich, the total installed capacity of water and electricity in 2019 exceeds 7800 thousands of kW, and the power grid is a single provincial power grid with the largest installed capacity of water and electricity in China. The capacity of power generation devices of dry flow cascade hydropower stations at the downstream of the Yazhenjiang, the big river and the Jinshajiang in a power network exceeds the scale of ten million kW levels, wherein the dry flow of the Yazhenjiang is planned to be 23 levels in a 3-base, the installed capacity is 2885 ten thousand kW, the planned 3-base, the installed capacity is 2340 ten thousand kW, four-level giant hydropower stations at the downstream of the Jinshajiang are planned to be 4200 ten thousand kW, the large-scale dry flow giant cascade hydropower stations mostly need to transmit power to a plurality of provinces in east China and middle China through complex extra-high voltage direct current channels, the operation of the cascade hydropower stations across the watershed and the power transmission capacity of the extra-high voltage direct current connecting line channels are coordinated, a reasonable hydropower transmission plan is determined, and one of core problems of power network dispatching operation in Sichuan faces. In the embodiment 1, the brocade and perilla direct current channel capacity adopts 7200MW, the channel cross section capacity adopts 5000MW, as shown in the following table, the medium-and long-term power generation capacity analysis result of the main hydropower station is given, the overall power generation load diagram is shown in fig. 1, and the power transmission process to the receiving-end power grid is shown in fig. 2.
From the results, it can be seen that the method of the embodiment 1 can accurately analyze the monthly power generation capacity of the sichuan hydropower system, and can determine a reasonable hydropower delivery plan under the condition of considering the capacity of a plurality of connecting line channels.
Compared with a simple delivery plan compilation mode based on Excel office software and a plan compilation method without considering channel capacity limitation, the long-term electric quantity multi-channel complementary coordination delivery method in the embodiment 1 can fully consider incoming water, channel limitation and complex hydraulic connection, establish a power generation capacity optimization model, realize multi-power supply and multi-channel optimized coordination by using the incoming water and regulation performance difference among power supplies and the complementation among channels, provide a more refined calculation result for scheduling management personnel, and ensure the practicability, effectiveness and reliability of the result, so that the full consumption and delivery level of a hydropower enrichment power grid on clean hydropower resources are improved, and unnecessary water loss is reduced.
Example 2
This embodiment 2 is a multi-channel complementary coordination sending system for long-term electric quantity in a hydropower enrichment grid based on embodiment 1, and includes: the system comprises a hydroelectric system power generation capacity determining module, a channel delivery scale determining module, an optimizing module and an output module.
The hydropower system power generation capacity determination module is used for estimating the power generation capacity of the hydropower system by adopting a maximum power generation capacity model according to a water level control target of a key reservoir of a main watershed in a hydropower enrichment power grid;
the channel delivery scale determining module is used for analyzing the grid-connected relation of the delivery-end power grid hydropower station group and the associated delivery channel, constructing a section transmission capacity partitioned recursive constraint equation of a transmission section topological structure, and determining delivery scale of each channel;
the optimization module is used for constructing a multi-channel complementary coordination optimization model by taking the minimum water-abandoning electric quantity as a target, the total power receiving capacity of a receiving-end power grid as a control condition and the transmission limit of each channel as a constraint according to the power generation capacity of the hydropower system and the outgoing scale of each channel;
and the output module is used for optimizing the water and electricity delivery plan according to the multi-channel complementary coordination optimization model and outputting the water and electricity delivery plan.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. The multi-channel complementary coordination sending method for the long-term electric quantity in the hydropower enrichment grid is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1: according to the water level control target of the key reservoir of the main watershed in the hydropower enrichment grid, the generating capacity of the hydropower system is estimated by adopting the maximum generating capacity model, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
1) objective function
2) Constraint conditions
Water balance equation: the water balance in the single-station time interval dimension and the upstream and downstream power station space dimension is ensured as follows:
Vm，t+1＝Vm，t+hn×(Qm，t-qm，t-Qlm，t)Δt
and (3) final water level restraint: the schedule end-of-term water level is controlled as follows:
and (3) power generation flow restriction: considering the upper limit, depending on the maximum flow capacity of the turbine and the maintenance plan of the unit, as follows:
and (4) ex-warehouse flow constraint: the warehouse-out requirement of the warehouse-out flow upper and lower limits is met in the period of time in the power generation dispatching, and the method comprises the following steps:
power station output restraint: the generated output of the power station is limited, and the generated output depends on the minimum technical output of the generator set and the index of the overhaul capacity of the generator set, and the method comprises the following steps:
reservoir level constraint: the upper and lower limits of reservoir water level are set by combining with an actual reservoir dispatching mode, so that the reservoir is ensured to operate in a safe and reasonable water level range, and the method comprises the following steps:
in the formula: t and T are the number and the total number of the scheduling time interval; m and M are the serial number and the total number of the reservoir of the hydropower station; pm，t，P m，t，
Representing the average output of the mth reservoir in the t period and the lower limit and the upper limit thereof, MW; zm，t，
Respectively representing the upstream water level and the upper and lower limits m of the m-number power station at the end of the t-th time period;
representing the water level at the beginning and the end of a given scheduling period, m; vm，tIs the effective storage capacity of the No. m power station at the end of the t time period3；Qm，tThe storage flow of the mth reservoir in the time period t, m3/s，
Qnm，tFor the interval flow of the m-th reservoir in time period t, m3S; ku is the total number of direct upstream power stations of the m-number power station;
the total flow of the K power station flowing into the m power station in a time period t is the sum of the generating flow and the waste water flow of the K power station, and m is3/s；qm，t，
Representing the generating flow of the mth reservoir in the t period and the upper limit thereof; sm，t、Sm，t、
Respectively the ex-warehouse flow and the upper and lower limits of the m-number power station in the time period t, m3/s；Qlm，tWaste water flow of No. m power station in time period t, m3/s；ΔtIs the length of the time period t and is in unit of hour; hn denotes 3600 seconds per hour;
s2: analyzing the grid-connected relation of a transmission end grid water power station group and associated delivery channels, describing a power transmission section topological structure, constructing a partition recursive constraint equation of section power transmission capacity, and determining delivery scale of each channel, wherein the specific steps are as follows:
the limit transmission capacity limit for a certain transmission section can be expressed as:
PS-CS≤NS
in the formula: pSIndicating the transmission section corresponding to the area under the transmitting endSum of active power outputs of all power stations, CSRepresenting the sum of the active values of all loads, NSThe section limit transmission capacity;
partition output upper limit of any partition i time period t
Can be expressed as:
in the formula: n is a radical ofSi，tLimiting transmission capacity of the section corresponding to the section i in the t-th time interval; cSi，tFor the total electric load in the t-th time interval partition i, the total electric load is expressed by a recursive function delta (i, t), and the partition i containing the t-th time interval directly contains the electric load Ci，tAnd the sum of the electrical loads of all secondary partitions in partition i
Wherein DSiThe number sets of all secondary partitions in the partition i are set;
force output P in partition i time interval tSi，tBy using recursive functions
Expressed as:
in the formula: the output of the subarea i in the t-th time period comprises that the subarea i directly comprises the sum of the outputs of the large and medium hydropower stations
Partition i directly contains the total power P of other power suppliesSHi，tAnd the sum of the feasible forces of all secondary subareas under the limit of the upper limit of the force of each subarea
Wherein DHiA number set indicating that the partition i directly contains medium and large hydropower stations;
s3: constructing a multi-channel complementary coordination optimization model by taking the minimum water-abandoning electric quantity as a target, the total power receiving capacity of a receiving-end power grid as a control condition and the transmission limit of each channel as a constraint according to the power generation capacity of the hydroelectric system and the outgoing scale of each channel;
s4: and optimizing the water and electricity delivery plan according to the multi-channel complementary coordination optimization model.
2. The method for multichannel complementary coordinated transmission of long-term electric quantity in a hydroelectric enrichment power grid according to claim 1, wherein the step S1 comprises the steps of determining the end-of-term control water level targets of each controllable reservoir in combination with power grid dispatching operation and safety control requirements, and estimating the generating capacity of the hydroelectric system by adopting a maximum generating capacity model in consideration of runoff prediction.
3. The method for multi-channel complementary coordination sending out long-term electric quantity in the hydropower enrichment power grid according to claim 1, wherein the multi-channel complementary coordination optimization model is constructed as follows:
in the formula: elm，tThe water and electricity abandoning quantity of the power station m in the time period t, omega is a hydropower station set associated with an outgoing channel, El，tThe output power of the channel I in the time period t,
is the maximum delivery capacity of the channel I in the time period t, ErtIs the hydropower receiving capacity, omega, of a receiving end power grid in the period of tlIs the set of outgoing channels for the current problem.
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