CN111812570A - Method for analyzing brain injury marker based on DTI and serum factors - Google Patents

Method for analyzing brain injury marker based on DTI and serum factors Download PDF

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CN111812570A
CN111812570A CN202010575694.7A CN202010575694A CN111812570A CN 111812570 A CN111812570 A CN 111812570A CN 202010575694 A CN202010575694 A CN 202010575694A CN 111812570 A CN111812570 A CN 111812570A
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dti
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张立国
杨曼
金梅
李媛媛
刘强
李翔宇
李福昆
李清天
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Yanshan University
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Abstract

The invention relates to a method for analyzing brain injury markers based on DTI and serum factors, which comprises the steps of firstly, extracting venous blood from the air cavity, and detecting the level of serum inflammatory factors by adopting an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method; then, carrying out DTI scanning, and carrying out image processing and data analysis on the acquired image to obtain the change data of FA and ADC; and normalizing the serum inflammatory factor level parameters and FA values and ADC values obtained by magnetic resonance diffusion imaging by using a least square method, then defining a symbol function, and taking the result of the symbol function as a basis for analysis of a doctor and formulation of a next detection scheme. The invention provides a new marker value for diagnosing mild brain injury by reprocessing data according to serum inflammatory factor level and DTI imaging characteristics and utilizing a least square method and a symbol function.

Description

Method for analyzing brain injury marker based on DTI and serum factors
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of medicine, and particularly relates to a method for analyzing a brain injury marker based on DTI and serum factors.
Background
Along with the development of society, the life of human beings is gradually improved, and the life style of people is also greatly changed, for example, the development of vehicles brings great convenience to people, but a plurality of traffic accidents also occur, and the probability of craniocerebral injury is improved. Craniocerebral injury is an acute injury of the brain, and sometimes occurs due to external violence such as traffic accidents and mechanical trauma. The development and change of the craniocerebral injury are fast, if a patient cannot be diagnosed and treated in time, the prognosis is poor, the physical and mental health and even the life of the patient can be seriously affected, and the slight Traumatic brain injury accounts for about 75 percent of all Traumatic Brain Injuries (TBI). In clinic, 15 to 30 percent of patients with mild Brain Injury (MildTracmatic Brain Injury, MTBI) have symptoms of cognitive and sensory disorders after trauma; there are some patients who still have persistent postconcussion syndrome for months or years after trauma.
The major pathological changes of MTBI patients are hemorrhage, and the hemorrhage focus occurring in MTBI is mainly intracranial minute hemorrhage focus, which is mainly based on CT examination and conventional MRI at present, but mild brain injury may not find focus in all neuroimaging examinations because the current neuroimaging technology cannot achieve the degree of distinguishing some minute structures and focus. And CT and conventional MRI can only show the anatomical change of brain tissues, so that the diagnosis of MTBI and the like is greatly limited, and the diagnosis is often missed or the severity of brain trauma is judged to be too light. Mild brain injuries have other diagnostic methods besides CT and conventional MRI, mainly involving neurological tests, physical examinations and medical history, but none of these methods are very convenient nor very accurate. MR Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) is a new MRI scanning technique for describing the diffusion direction of water molecules, which is clinically applied in recent years, and can quantitatively evaluate the movement of water molecules in brain tissue, but the misjudgment rate of the method alone is still higher.
In summary, there is a need for a comprehensive marker for detecting mild and mild brain injuries, so as to reduce the examination cost, improve the reliability of data, provide a basis for a doctor to analyze and formulate a next detection scheme, and provide a method for calculating the marker so as to simplify the operation process.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide analysis of serum inflammatory factor level and DTI related to mild brain injury, which utilizes a least square method and a symbolic function to return the serum inflammatory factor level and characteristic parameters obtained by magnetic resonance diffusion imaging to a function, outputs numerical values according to the symbolic function and provides basis for a doctor to formulate a next detection scheme.
A method for analyzing brain injury markers based on DTI and serum factors, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, detecting the level of serum inflammatory factors by adopting an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method;
step 2, acquiring DTI images, carrying out conventional T1WI, T2WI and T2-FLAIR imaging to determine whether obvious brain injury and cerebral hemorrhage exist, and then carrying out DTI scanning;
step 3, firstly, Fourier transform is carried out on the obtained image to enhance the signal, then low-pass filtering is adopted to remove noise in the image, then a high-pass filtering method is adopted to enhance edge signals, finally Gaussian smoothing processing is carried out, after preprocessing is finished, Mask R-CNN is adopted to carry out image segmentation, the image is standardized, then software DTI Studio is used to carry out head movement and eddy current correction on the obtained data, and an FA value and an ADC value are calculated;
step 4, defining a symbol function, analyzing the serum inflammatory factor level parameters and FA values and ADC values obtained by magnetic resonance diffusion imaging by using a least square method, and enabling interleukin-6, interleukin-8, C reactive protein, tumor necrosis factor-alpha values, FA values and ADC values to be used as independent variables x, f (x) are results corresponding to the respective variables, and processing based on the least square method:
defining a function:
Figure BDA0002550896490000031
wherein i is a number which gives (x)i,f(xi) Log of), let again:
f(x)＝ax+b (2)
wherein a and b are two undetermined parameters, a represents a slope, b represents an intercept, and a label is defined: f (x) is abnormal when the value is 1, and f (x) is normal when the value is-1.
Preferably, the specific process of acquiring the DTI image in step 2 is as follows:
s1, sagittal high resolution three-dimensional T1WI (3D-T1 WI): setting the repetition time TR to be 2000ms, the echo time TE to be 2.26ms, the inversion time TI to be 900ms, the flip angle FA to be 8 degrees, the scanning field FOV to be 256mm multiplied by 256mm, the matrix to be 256 multiplied by 256, the excitation times NEX to be 2 times, the scanning layer thickness to be 1mm, the layer interval to be 1mm, the scanning time 280s to be 176 layers in total, and the scanning range to cover the whole brain;
s2, cross section T2 WI: the repetition time is 2441ms, the echo time is 80ms, the flip angle is 70 degrees, the scanning visual field is 230mm multiplied by 230mm, the matrix is 384 multiplied by 384, the excitation times are 1 time, the scanning layer thickness is 5mm, the layer spacing is 1mm, the scanning time is 144s, 22 layers are scanned in total, and the scanning range covers the whole brain;
s3, cross-sectional T2-FLAIR imaging: the repetition time is 4000ms, the echo time is 107ms, the flip angle is 70 degrees, the scanning visual field is 230mm multiplied by 182mm, the matrix is 288 multiplied by 210, the excitation times are 1 time, the scanning layer thickness is 5mm, the layer spacing is 1.50mm, the scanning time is 189s, the total number of 25 layers is obtained, and the scanning range covers the whole brain;
s4, cross-sectional DTI sequence: echo Planar Imaging (EPI) is adopted, the repetition time is 7700ms, the echo time is 89ms, the scanning visual field is 256mm multiplied by 256mm, the matrix is 128 multiplied by 128, the excitation times are 2 times, the scanning layer thickness is 3mm, the layer spacing is zero, the scanning time is 548s, 128 layers are scanned in total, and the diffusion gradient is applied in 64 directions, namely b is 1000s/mm2Therein, and whereinNo diffusion gradient was applied to 1 set of images, i.e. b 0s/mm2。
Preferably, a total of 24 pairs (x) are obtained based on the values of the four factors of serum inflammatory factor level and the FA and ADC values in the corpus callosum pressure, inner capsule, frontal lobe, white matter, thalamusi,f(xi) Value) and, according to the least squares method, the functional expression can be found:
f(x)＝0.00925x-0.09498 (3)
from equation (3), when a set of x values is obtained, there will be a corresponding set of f (x) values; when in use
Figure BDA0002550896490000041
When the function sgn outputs the value 1, when
Figure BDA0002550896490000042
The function sgn outputs the value-1.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the method linearly regresses the serum inflammatory factor level, the brain white matter partial anisotropy (FA) value and the Apparent Diffusion Coefficient (ADC) value by using a least square method, defines a symbolic function, and outputs a visualization result by using the step property of the symbolic function.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It is to be noted that, unless otherwise specified, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains.
The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
The invention relates to a method for analyzing brain injury markers based on DTI and serum factors, the general flow chart of which is shown in figure 1, and the method comprises the following steps:
step 1, detecting the level of serum inflammatory factors, which comprises the following specific steps:
step 11, firstly, determining the serum inflammatory factor level in the approximate range of mild brain injury, which comprises the following specific steps: patients admitted for 48h were classified into mild groups (50 cases) according to the Glasgow coma index (GCS) score of 13-15, and then 50 cases of health examinees in the same period were selected as control groups. Then 10mL of fasting venous blood on the day of control body examination and the next morning of the patient was drawn, and serum inflammatory factor levels including interleukin-6 (inter-leukin-6, IL-6), interleukin-8 (inter-leukin-8, IL-8), C-reactive protein (CRP) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) were measured by ELISA. Then statistical analysis is carried out by using SPSS 20.0 software package, and counting data conforms to normal distribution with mean plus or minus standard deviation
Figure BDA0002550896490000051
The representation is that t test is adopted, chi-square test is adopted for the measured data, and the difference has statistical significance when the probability P is less than 0.05. The results obtained are shown in table 1: the results obtained are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 comparison of serum inflammatory factor levels
Figure BDA0002550896490000052
Figure BDA0002550896490000053
And step 12, taking 10mL of fasting venous blood, and detecting the level of serum inflammatory factors by adopting an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method, wherein the serum inflammatory factors comprise interleukin-6, interleukin-8, C-reactive protein and tumor necrosis factor-alpha.
Step 2, obtaining a DTI image, which comprises the following specific steps:
with a 16-channel head coil, the gradient field strength was 40 mT/m. The examinee takes the head to be in a supine position, the head is fixed by a foam pad, the examinee needs to wear a noise reduction earphone, the conventional T1 weighted image (T1WI), T2 weighted image (T2WI) and liquid attenuation inversion recovery (T2-FLAIR) sequences are firstly carried out to determine whether obvious brain injury and cerebral hemorrhage exist, and then DTI scanning is carried out.
(1) Sagittal high resolution three dimensional T1WI (3D-T1 WI): the repetition time TR is set to 2000ms, the echo time TE is set to 2.26ms, the inversion time TI is set to 900ms, the flip angle FA is set to 8 degrees, the scanning field FOV is 256mm multiplied by 256mm, the matrix is 256 multiplied by 256, the excitation times NEX is 2 times, the scanning layer thickness is 1mm, the layer interval is 1mm, the scanning time is 280s, 176 layers are totally formed, and the scanning range covers the whole brain.
(2) Cross section T2 WI: the repetition time is 2441ms, the echo time is 80ms, the flip angle is 70 degrees, the scanning visual field is 230mm multiplied by 230mm, the matrix is 384 multiplied by 384, the excitation times are 1 time, the scanning layer thickness is 5mm, the layer spacing is 1mm, the scanning time is 144s, 22 layers are scanned in total, and the scanning range covers the whole brain.
(3) Cross-sectional T2-FLAIR imaging: the repetition time is 4000ms, the echo time is 107ms, the flip angle is 70 degrees, the scanning visual field is 230mm multiplied by 182mm, the matrix is 288 multiplied by 210, the excitation times are 1 time, the scanning layer thickness is 5mm, the layer spacing is 1.50mm, the scanning time is 189s, the total number of 25 layers is provided, and the scanning range covers the whole brain.
(4) Cross-sectional DTI sequence: echo Planar Imaging (EPI) is adopted, the repetition time is 7700ms, the echo time is 89ms, the scanning visual field is 256mm multiplied by 256mm, the matrix is 128 multiplied by 128, the excitation times are 2 times, the scanning layer thickness is 3mm, the layer spacing is zero, the scanning time is 548s, 128 layers are scanned in total, and the diffusion gradient is applied in 64 directions, namely b is 1000s/mm2And wherein 1 set of images is not applied with a diffusion gradient, i.e. b is 0s/mm2。
Step 3, image processing and data analysis: firstly, Fourier transform is carried out on an obtained image to enhance signals of the image, then low-pass filtering is adopted to remove noise in the image, then a high-pass filtering method is adopted to enhance edge signals, finally Gaussian smoothing processing is carried out, after preprocessing is finished, Mask R-CNN is adopted to carry out image segmentation, and finally the image is standardized. And then, performing head movement and eddy current correction on the obtained data by using DTI imaging software DTI Studio, and calculating an FA value and an ADC value.
Analyzing each group of statistical data by SPSS 20.0 software according to the operation of the above steps, and measuring data
Figure BDA0002550896490000064
The comparison between groups and within groups of FA and ADC values of each part adopts a t test, and the test level is as follows: α is 0.05. The FA values of the corpus callosum, inner sac, frontal lobe, white matter and thalamus of a hospital patient and a normal subject are shown in Table 2, and the ADC values of the corresponding parts are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 2 FA value comparison
Figure BDA0002550896490000061
Figure BDA0002550896490000062
TABLE 3 ADC value comparison
Figure BDA0002550896490000063
Figure BDA0002550896490000071
According to the experimental data in table 2 and table 3, the difference range of the FA value and the ADC value of the corresponding part of the mild brain injury and the normal person can be roughly understood, and thus the data processing can be further performed according to step 4.
Step 4, processing and diagnosing data based on a least square method;
according to the interleukin-6, interleukin-8, C reactive protein and tumor necrosis factor-alpha value and FA value, ADC value obtained in the above steps, let x be the factors of interleukin-6, interleukin-8, C reactive protein and tumor necrosis factor-alpha value and FA value, ADC value, f (x) is the result corresponding to each factor, the following are mentioned and their definition labels. Processing based on a least square method:
defining a function:
Figure BDA0002550896490000072
wherein i is a number which gives (x)i,f(xi) Log of), let again:
f(x)＝ax+b (2)
wherein a and b are two undetermined parameters, a represents a slope, b represents an intercept, and a label is defined: f (x) is abnormal when the value is 1, and f (x) is normal when the value is-1. A total of 24 pairs (x) can be obtained according to four factor values of serum inflammatory factor level and FA value and ADC value of the callus pressing part, inner capsule, frontal lobe, white matter and thalamusi,f(xi) Value) and, according to the least squares method, the functional expression can be found:
f(x)＝0.00925x-0.09498 (3)
from equation (3), when a set of x values is obtained, there will be a corresponding set of f (x) values; when in use
Figure BDA0002550896490000073
When the function sgn outputs the value 1, when
Figure BDA0002550896490000074
The function sgn outputs the value-1.
The invention provides a method for analyzing a brain injury marker based on DTI and serum factors aiming at the problem of misjudgment of mild brain injury diagnosis in clinic at present, and based on the application value of magnetic resonance imaging on brain injury which is proved by predecessors, the invention also provides the application of combining the serum inflammation factor level and the DTI imaging characteristic in detecting mild brain injury, and utilizes the characteristic that the least square method can search the optimal function matching of data through the square sum of the minimized error, and then combines the simple visualization of a symbol function to reprocess the data, thereby providing a new visualization means for the diagnosis of mild brain injury and providing a research basis for clinical detection.
The above-mentioned embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments can still be modified, or some or all of the technical features thereof can be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. A method for analyzing brain injury markers based on DTI and serum factors, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, detecting the level of serum inflammatory factors by adopting an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method;
step 2, acquiring DTI images, carrying out conventional T1WI, T2WI and T2-FLAIR imaging to determine whether obvious brain injury and cerebral hemorrhage exist, and then carrying out DTI scanning;
step 3, firstly, Fourier transform is carried out on the obtained image to enhance the signal, then low-pass filtering is adopted to remove noise in the image, then a high-pass filtering method is adopted to enhance edge signals, finally Gaussian smoothing processing is carried out, after preprocessing is finished, Mask R-CNN is adopted to carry out image segmentation, the image is standardized, then software DTI Studio is used to carry out head movement and eddy current correction on the obtained data, and an FA value and an ADC value are calculated;
step 4, defining a symbol function, analyzing the serum inflammatory factor level parameters and FA values and ADC values obtained by magnetic resonance diffusion imaging by using a least square method, and enabling interleukin-6, interleukin-8, C reactive protein, tumor necrosis factor-alpha values, FA values and ADC values to be used as independent variables x, f (x) are results corresponding to the respective variables, and processing based on the least square method:
defining a function:
Figure FDA0002550896480000011
wherein i is a number which gives (x)i,f(xi) Log of), let again:
f(x)＝ax+b (2)
wherein a and b are two undetermined parameters, a represents a slope, b represents an intercept, and a label is defined: f (x) is abnormal when the value is 1, and f (x) is normal when the value is-1.
2. The method for analyzing brain injury markers based on DTI and serum factors according to claim 1, wherein the specific process of obtaining DTI images in step 2 is as follows:
s1, sagittal high resolution three-dimensional T1 WI: setting the repetition time TR to be 2000ms, the echo time TE to be 2.26ms, the inversion time TI to be 900ms, the flip angle FA to be 8 degrees, the scanning field FOV to be 256mm multiplied by 256mm, the matrix to be 256 multiplied by 256, the excitation times NEX to be 2 times, the scanning layer thickness to be 1mm, the layer interval to be 1mm, the scanning time 280s to be 176 layers in total, and the scanning range to cover the whole brain;
s2, cross section T2 WI: the repetition time is 2441ms, the echo time is 80ms, the flip angle is 70 degrees, the scanning visual field is 230mm multiplied by 230mm, the matrix is 384 multiplied by 384, the excitation times are 1 time, the scanning layer thickness is 5mm, the layer spacing is 1mm, the scanning time is 144s, 22 layers are scanned in total, and the scanning range covers the whole brain;
s3, cross-sectional T2-FLAIR imaging: the repetition time is 4000ms, the echo time is 107ms, the flip angle is 70 degrees, the scanning visual field is 230mm multiplied by 182mm, the matrix is 288 multiplied by 210, the excitation times are 1 time, the scanning layer thickness is 5mm, the layer spacing is 1.50mm, the scanning time is 189s, the total number of 25 layers is obtained, and the scanning range covers the whole brain;
s4, cross-sectional DTI sequence: echo planar imaging is adopted, the repetition time is 7700ms, the echo time is 89ms, the scanning visual field is 256mm multiplied by 256mm, the matrix is 128 multiplied by 128, the excitation times are 2 times, the scanning layer thickness is 3mm, the layer spacing is zero, the scanning time is 548s, 128 layers are scanned in total, diffusion gradients are applied in 64 directions, namely b is 1000s/mm2And wherein 1 set of images is not applied with a diffusion gradient, i.e. b is 0s/mm2。
3. The method for analyzing brain injury markers based on DTI and serum factors according to claim 2,
four factors according to serum inflammatory factor levels and the body pressure, inner capsule, frontal lobe, and the like in the corpus callosum,The FA value and the ADC value of the white matter and the thalamus can obtain 24 pairs (x)i,f(xi) Value) and, according to the least squares method, the functional expression can be found:
f(x)＝0.00925x-0.09498 (3)
from equation (3), when a set of x values is obtained, there will be a corresponding set of f (x) values; when in use
Figure FDA0002550896480000021
When the function sgn outputs the value 1, when
Figure FDA0002550896480000022
The function sgn outputs the value-1.
CN202010575694.7A 2020-06-22 2020-06-22 Method for analyzing brain injury marker based on DTI and serum factors Pending CN111812570A (en)

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