CN111812494A - Intelligent circuit breaker online monitoring and electric service life assessment method - Google Patents
Intelligent circuit breaker online monitoring and electric service life assessment method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to an intelligent circuit breaker on-line monitoring and electric service life evaluation system and a control method. Meanwhile, the circuit breaker is also connected with a current sensor, current change in the process of switching on and off arcing can be obtained, the voltage sensor and the current sensor are connected into the feeder line terminal equipment, arcing time can be obtained through the wave recording function of the feeder line terminal equipment, and the operation life of the circuit breaker can be intelligently evaluated through three monitored parameters of arc voltage, current and arcing time. Feeder terminal equipment monitors line current change on line, can control circuit breaker mechanism and carry out the operation of breaking at the zero crossing point of electric current, shortens the time of arcing, improves circuit breaker reliability and life-span.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power equipment monitoring, in particular to an intelligent circuit breaker online monitoring and electric service life evaluation system and a control method.
Background
The ubiquitous power internet of things is a core task for realizing the strategic target of 'three-type two-network and world-first-class' of a national power grid, and requires that power transmission and distribution equipment can realize comprehensive perception of the operating state and complete service penetration. Therefore, the deep fusion of primary and secondary equipment is required, and the online operation condition of the primary equipment is comprehensively monitored.
The circuit breaker is used as important primary equipment in power transmission and distribution, major loss can be caused when the circuit breaker breaks down, electric arcs generated in the circuit breaker opening and closing process can ablate contacts, reliability and service life of the circuit breaker are affected, voltage and current signals in the operation period of the circuit breaker are monitored for a long time, and monitoring of the electric arc signals in the circuit breaker opening and closing process is lacked. If the on-line monitoring of the arc voltage, the arc current, the arcing time and the like in the open-end process can be realized, the on-off action time of the circuit breaker can be well controlled, the circuit breaker can act at the most favorable arc extinguishing moment, the arcing time is shortened, the reliability of the circuit breaker is improved, and meanwhile, the evaluation of the electric service life of the circuit breaker can be also realized according to the signal parameters of the electric arc.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to realize effective monitoring of arc signals, the invention provides an intelligent circuit breaker on-line monitoring and electric service life evaluation system and a control method, which are used for monitoring the arc signals in the process of opening and closing the circuit breaker, controlling the circuit breaker to act at the arc zero crossing point, shortening the arc burning time, improving the reliability, obtaining the key signal parameters of the arc and evaluating the electric service life.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an intelligent circuit breaker online monitoring and life evaluation system, comprising: the arc voltage detection module, the arc current detection module, the circuit breaker actuating mechanism and the FTU;
the arc voltage detection module detects the arc voltage of the circuit breaker and outputs the arc voltage to the FTU;
the arc current detection module detects the arc current of the circuit breaker and outputs the arc current to the FTU;
the FTU predicts the zero-crossing time of the arc current of the circuit breaker based on the arc current and controls the circuit breaker actuating mechanism to open the circuit breaker at the zero-crossing time;
and the FTU records arc voltage, arc current, arcing time, switching current and first-open phase distribution parameters, calculates and integrates the arc voltage and the arc current in the arcing time to obtain arc energy in an arcing period, and estimates the residual service life of the circuit breaker.
Further, the arc voltage detection module comprises an upper fracture voltage sensor, a lower fracture voltage sensor and a differentiator; the upper fracture voltage sensor detects the upper fracture voltage of the circuit breaker, the lower fracture voltage sensor detects the lower fracture voltage of the circuit breaker, and the differentiator outputs the arc voltage waveform after the upper fracture voltage and the lower fracture voltage are differentiated to feeder line terminal equipment.
Another aspect of the present invention provides an evaluation method of the intelligent circuit breaker online monitoring and life evaluation system, comprising the following steps:
taking six parameters of initial phase arcing time, final phase arcing time, initial phase arcing energy, final phase arcing energy, an effective value of on-off current and initial phase distribution as an evaluation factor set, establishing a mathematical evaluation model based on a fuzzy theory, and evaluating the service life of the circuit breaker;
the method comprises the steps that voltage sensors and current sensors monitor three-phase voltage and current parameters of a circuit breaker on line, and after an FTU sends a brake opening instruction, the FTU obtains a three-phase brake opening sequence, first-phase open-phase distribution and an effective value of open-close current according to three-phase current waveforms of the circuit breaker; fitting the current recording data of the FTU, predicting the current change, comparing the current change with the actual current data, and solving the current distortion; when the distortion is larger than a set threshold value d1, the time point is a contact starting point of the circuit breaker, and the contact starting point of each phase is an arc starting moment; when the phase current is less than a set threshold value d2, the phase current is an arc quenching point, and each phase of the arc quenching point is at the arc quenching time; the time difference between the arc striking time and the arc extinguishing time is the arcing time of the phase; respectively obtaining the first-open-phase arcing time and the last-open-phase arcing time;
integrating the arc voltage and the arc current of the first-opening circuit breaker and the last-opening circuit breaker within the arcing time to obtain first-opening phase arcing energy and last-opening phase arcing energy during arcing;
and solving the mathematical evaluation model to obtain a service life evaluation result of the circuit breaker, and sending the service life evaluation result to a remote dispatching terminal through an FTU (fiber to the user Unit) so as to facilitate maintenance personnel to overhaul.
Further, solving the mathematical evaluation model includes:
the first phase arcing time p will be obtainedi1End phase open arcing time pi2First-open-phase arcing energy pi3End-open phase arcing energy pi4Effective value p of on-off currenti5And first opening phase distribution pi6Inputting six parameters into the mathematical evaluation model; wherein i represents a breaker number;
converting the six parameters according to a triangular membership function;
calculating a fuzzy relation matrix of the fuzzy subset; first subset
Second subset
Respectively obtain
Obtaining a first-stage evaluation result by using the corresponding fuzzy relation matrix; and forming a secondary evaluation matrix by using the first-stage evaluation result, and outputting an evaluation set as V ═ YP LP Z CP JP GP }, wherein YP represents a good product, LP represents a good product, Z represents a general product, CP represents a poor product, JP represents a poor product, and G represents a poor productP represents a very poor product;
if the rated service life of the circuit breaker is N, the service life of the circuit breaker corresponding to the YP is more than 0.9N; the residual service life of the breaker corresponding to the LP is more than 0.8N; the remaining breaker life corresponding to Z is > 0.6N; the residual life of the circuit breaker corresponding to the CP is more than 0.3L; JP corresponds to a remaining breaker life of >0.1L and GP corresponds to a remaining breaker life of < 0.1L.
Further, the converting the six parameters according to the triangular membership function comprises calculating the converted parameters:
wherein x isiIs a parameter of the i-th phase, aijIs the center point of the triangular membership function, Iij(xi) Is the degree of membership.
Further, if the final judgment result is a poor JP product, the brake opening speed needs to be increased, and the arcing time needs to be reduced; if the result of the evaluation is a very poor product GP, the mechanism needs to be repaired or replaced.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
(1) the invention monitors the arc signal, controls the circuit breaker to act at the arc zero crossing point, acts at the most favorable arc extinguishing moment, shortens the arc burning time and improves the reliability of the circuit breaker; and obtaining the key signal parameters of the electric arc for evaluating the electric life. The method realizes the deep fusion of the primary and secondary equipment and comprehensively monitors the online running condition of the primary equipment.
(2) The method and the device predict the residual life of the circuit breaker based on the arc voltage, the arc current, the arcing time and the on-off times of the circuit breaker, and are more accurate in prediction of the residual life compared with the traditional method of only adopting the arc current prediction mode.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an electrical schematic diagram of an intelligent circuit breaker online monitoring and life assessment system;
FIG. 2 is a plot of evaluation set membership functions.
Detailed Description
The invention provides an on-line monitoring and service life evaluation system of an intelligent circuit breaker, which comprises an arc voltage detection module, an arc current detection module, a circuit breaker actuating mechanism and a Feeder Terminal Unit (FTU);
the arc voltage detection module detects the arc voltage of the circuit breaker and outputs the arc voltage to the FTU; the arc current detection module detects the arc current of the circuit breaker and outputs the arc current to the FTU; the three-phase voltage and current parameters of the circuit breaker are monitored by the voltage sensor and the current sensor on line, and after the FTU sends a brake-separating instruction, the FTU obtains a three-phase brake-separating sequence and a first-open-phase distribution condition p according to the current waveform of three phases of the circuit breakeri6And the effective value of the on-off current is recorded as pi5。
And (3) calculating arcing time: and fitting the current recording data of the FTU, predicting the current change, comparing the current change with the actual current data, and solving the current distortion. When the distortion is larger than a set threshold value d1, the time point is a contact starting point of the circuit breaker, and the contact starting point of each phase is an arc starting moment; when the phase current is smaller than a set threshold value d2, the phase current is an arc quenching point, and each phase of the arc quenching point is at the arc quenching moment. The time difference between the arc striking time and the arc extinguishing time is the arcing time of the phase. Initial phase arcing time is pi1End phase arcing time of pi2。
The arc voltage and arc current are integrated over the arcing time to obtain the arc energy during arcing. Initial phase arcing energy is pi3The end-open phase arcing energy is pi4。
An evaluation method comprising the steps of:
(1) obtaining key operation parameters representing the service life of the circuit breaker, and establishing a circuit breaker electrical service life evaluation factor set according to a fuzzy theory as follows:
Pi＝{pi1,pi2,pi3,pi4,pi5,pi6}
the evaluation set is set as V ═ YP LP Z CP JP GP }, where YP denotes good, LP denotes good, Z denotes normal, CP denotes bad, JP denotes bad, and GP denotes very bad. The corresponding integer discourse domain is as follows:
N＝{-4,-3,-2,-1,0,1,2,3,4}
the first-phase distribution factor is defined as t ═ max (c)a,cb,cc)
In the formula ciIn order to obtain the first-opening phase distribution coefficient,
nithe number of times that the first opening phase appears in a certain phase, niOne third of the total number of disconnections. Because of the evaluation factor PiEach variable is mainly linearly changed, so P isiAnd (3) converting according to a triangular membership function, wherein the membership formula is represented as:
in the formula aijFor the center point of the membership function, fig. 2 shows the corresponding relationship diagram of the membership function.
Computing fuzzy subsets of responses, and for simplifying the computation, dividing the set of evaluation factors into two types of subsets
Is an energy parameter of the arcing time,
is a circuit breaker state parameter, wherein
Computing
And (4) corresponding fuzzy relation matrixes.
Will be provided with
Are respectively defined as A11，A12And further to find out the first-stage evaluation result,the results are combined into a 2-level judgment matrix
Define the weight as A1And obtaining the final evaluation result. The output evaluation set is V ═ YP LP Z CP JP GP, where YP denotes good, LP denotes good, Z denotes normal, CP denotes bad, JP denotes bad, and GP denotes very bad. If the rated life of the circuit breaker is N, the life of the circuit breaker corresponding to YP>0.9N; residual life of breaker corresponding to LP>0.8N; residual circuit breaker life time for Z correspondence>0.6N; remaining life of circuit breaker corresponding to CP>0.3L; residual circuit breaker life corresponding to JP>Remaining breaker life corresponding to 0.1L, GP<0.1L, in which case the circuit breaker needs to be replaced. And reasonably arranging a maintenance or replacement strategy according to the on-off times and the residual life evaluation result of the circuit breaker.
(2) And the voltage sensor and the current sensor monitor three-phase voltage and current parameters of the circuit breaker on line and calculate to obtain the six parameters.
After the FTU sends a brake opening instruction, the FTU obtains a three-phase brake opening sequence, first-phase open-phase distribution and an effective value of open-close current according to three-phase current waveforms of the circuit breaker; fitting the current recording data of the FTU, predicting the current change, comparing the current change with the actual current data, and solving the current distortion; when the distortion is larger than a set threshold value d1, the time point is a contact starting point of the circuit breaker, and the contact starting point of each phase is an arc starting moment; when the phase current is less than a set threshold value d2, the phase current is an arc quenching point, and each phase of the arc quenching point is at the arc quenching time; the time difference between the arc striking time and the arc extinguishing time is the arcing time of the phase; respectively obtaining the first-open-phase arcing time and the last-open-phase arcing time;
and integrating the arc voltage and the arc current of the first-opening circuit breaker and the last-opening circuit breaker in the arcing time to obtain the first-opening phase arcing energy and the last-opening phase arcing energy in the arcing period.
(3) And solving the mathematical evaluation model to obtain a service life evaluation result of the circuit breaker, and sending the service life evaluation result to a remote dispatching terminal through an FTU (fiber to the user Unit) so as to facilitate maintenance personnel to overhaul.
If the final judgment result is a poor product, the problems of long arcing time and large arcing energy exist in the circuit breaker according to the membership degree of the judgment set, the burning loss of a contact is serious, the service life of the circuit breaker is seriously influenced, and at the moment, the mechanical characteristic of an operating mechanism needs to be adjusted, the opening speed is accelerated, and the arcing time is reduced; if the judgment result is an extremely poor product, according to the membership degree of the judgment set, the circuit breaker has the problems that the initial phase is seriously unevenly distributed and the electric arc is seriously burnt, the arc is extinguished at first in a certain phase, the other two phases are always in the later phase, the arc burning time of the later phase is long, the electric arc energy is large, and the burning loss is serious. The problem of large arcing energy caused by uneven distribution of the first-opening phase is solved by accelerating the opening speed of the operating mechanism and reducing the arcing time, and the problem that the arcing time cannot be fundamentally solved is solved, so that the mechanism needs to be maintained or replaced, the synchronization consistency of the three-phase opening is ensured, and the synchronization discrete type is reduced.
Examples
The key parameters of the circuit breakers are monitored and calculated on line, and table 1 shows the online monitoring and calculating data of six circuit breakers.
TABLE 1 actual measurement of circuit breaker data
The evaluation set is set as V ═ YP LP Z CP JP GP }, wherein YP represents a good product, LP represents a good product, Z represents a general product, CP represents a bad product, JP represents a bad product, GP represents a very bad product, and the corresponding integer domains thereof
N＝{-4,-3,-2,-1,0,1,2,3,4}
The first-phase distribution factor is defined as t ═ max (c)a,cb,cc)
In the formula ciIn order to obtain the first-opening phase distribution coefficient,
nithe number of times that the first opening phase appears in a certain phase, niOne third of the total number of disconnections. Because of the evaluation factor PiEach variable is mainly linearly changed, so P isiConversion by triangular membership functionsThe formula of the membership degree is shown as
Computing fuzzy subsets of responses, and for simplifying the computation, dividing the set of evaluation factors into two types of subsets
Is an energy parameter of the arcing time,
is a circuit breaker state parameter, wherein
And
corresponding fuzzy relation matrix is
Will be provided with
Are respectively defined as A11(0.45,0.55,0.6,0.52)，A12(0.3,0.5), and further obtaining a first-stage evaluation result of
The results are combined into a 2-level judgment matrix
Define the weight as A1(0.5 ), the final evaluation result was obtained as
According to the method, the final evaluation results of other coded circuit breakers can be obtained
According to the calculation result, the product number 1 can be evaluated as a good product, the product number 2 can be evaluated as a good product, the product number 3 can be evaluated as a general product, the product numbers 4 and 5 can be evaluated as poor products, and the product number 6 can be evaluated as an extremely poor product according to the maximum membership principle. 4. The arc energy is larger during the on-off period of the No. 5 breaker, the abrasion and ablation of a contact can be increased, the No. 5 first open phase is not uniformly distributed, the No. 6 first open phase is not uniformly distributed, and the on-off frequency of the C phase is only 2; the first opening of the circuit breaker No. 3 is slightly uneven, and compared with the circuit breakers No. 4 and 5, the arcing energy is smaller, the first opening phase of the circuit breakers No. 1 and 2 is even, the arcing energy is small, each circuit breaker evaluation result basically accords with the actual condition, and the circuit breaker evaluation method has higher accuracy. In summary, the invention relates to an intelligent circuit breaker online monitoring and electric life evaluation system and a control method, wherein voltage sensors are connected to the upper end and the lower end of a fracture of a circuit breaker, the voltages at the two ends of the fracture can be monitored in the opening process of the circuit breaker, the voltages at the two ends are subtracted through a differentiator, and the voltage change at the two ends of an electric arc in the opening process of the circuit breaker can be obtained. Meanwhile, the circuit breaker is also connected with a current sensor, current change in the process of switching on and off arcing can be obtained, the voltage sensor and the current sensor are connected into the feeder line terminal equipment, arcing time can be obtained through the wave recording function of the feeder line terminal equipment, and the operation life of the circuit breaker can be intelligently evaluated through three monitored parameters of arc voltage, current and arcing time. The invention monitors the arc signal, controls the circuit breaker to act at the arc zero crossing point, acts at the most favorable arc extinguishing moment, shortens the arc burning time and improves the reliability of the circuit breaker; and obtaining the key signal parameters of the electric arc for evaluating the electric life. The method realizes the deep fusion of the primary and secondary equipment and comprehensively monitors the online running condition of the primary equipment. The method and the device predict the residual life of the circuit breaker based on the arc voltage, the arc current, the arcing time and the on-off times of the circuit breaker, and are more accurate in prediction of the residual life compared with the traditional method of only adopting the arc current prediction mode.
It is to be understood that the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely illustrative of or explaining the principles of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Therefore, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Further, it is intended that the appended claims cover all such variations and modifications as fall within the scope and boundaries of the appended claims or the equivalents of such scope and boundaries.
Claims (6)
1. An intelligent circuit breaker on-line monitoring and life assessment system, comprising: the arc voltage detection module, the arc current detection module, the circuit breaker actuating mechanism and the FTU;
the arc voltage detection module detects the arc voltage of the circuit breaker and outputs the arc voltage to the FTU;
the arc current detection module detects the arc current of the circuit breaker and outputs the arc current to the FTU;
the FTU predicts the zero-crossing time of the arc current of the circuit breaker based on the arc current and controls the circuit breaker actuating mechanism to open the circuit breaker at the zero-crossing time;
and the FTU records arc voltage, arc current, arcing time, switching current and first-open phase distribution parameters, calculates and integrates the arc voltage and the arc current in the arcing time to obtain arc energy in an arcing period, and estimates the residual service life of the circuit breaker.
2. The intelligent circuit breaker on-line monitoring and life-span assessment system of claim 1, characterized in that, the arc voltage detection module comprises an upper fracture voltage sensor, a lower fracture voltage sensor and a differentiator; the upper fracture voltage sensor detects the upper fracture voltage of the circuit breaker, the lower fracture voltage sensor detects the lower fracture voltage of the circuit breaker, and the differentiator outputs the arc voltage waveform after the upper fracture voltage and the lower fracture voltage are differentiated to feeder line terminal equipment.
3. The method for evaluating the on-line monitoring and life span evaluation system of the intelligent circuit breaker according to one of the claims 1 to 2, characterized by comprising the steps of:
taking six parameters of initial phase arcing time, final phase arcing time, initial phase arcing energy, final phase arcing energy, an effective value of on-off current and initial phase distribution as an evaluation factor set, establishing a mathematical evaluation model based on a fuzzy theory, and evaluating the service life of the circuit breaker;
the method comprises the steps that voltage sensors and current sensors monitor three-phase voltage and current parameters of a circuit breaker on line, and after an FTU sends a brake opening instruction, the FTU obtains a three-phase brake opening sequence, first-phase open-phase distribution and an effective value of open-close current according to three-phase current waveforms of the circuit breaker; fitting the current recording data of the FTU, predicting the current change, comparing the current change with the actual current data, and solving the current distortion; when the distortion is larger than a set threshold value d1, the time point is a contact starting point of the circuit breaker, and the contact starting point of each phase is an arc starting moment; when the phase current is less than a set threshold value d2, the phase current is an arc quenching point, and each phase of the arc quenching point is at the arc quenching time; the time difference between the arc striking time and the arc extinguishing time is the arcing time of the phase; respectively obtaining the first-open-phase arcing time and the last-open-phase arcing time;
integrating the arc voltage and the arc current of the first-opening circuit breaker and the last-opening circuit breaker within the arcing time to obtain first-opening phase arcing energy and last-opening phase arcing energy during arcing;
and solving the mathematical evaluation model to obtain a service life evaluation result of the circuit breaker, and sending the service life evaluation result to a remote dispatching terminal through an FTU (fiber to the user Unit) so as to facilitate maintenance personnel to overhaul.
4. The method for evaluating an intelligent circuit breaker online monitoring and life evaluation system of claim 3, wherein solving the mathematical evaluation model comprises:
the first phase arcing time p will be obtainedi1End phase open arcing time pi2First-open-phase arcing energy pi3End-open phase arcing energy pi4Effective value p of on-off currenti5And first opening phase distribution pi6Inputting six parameters into the mathematical evaluation model; wherein i represents a breaker number;
converting the six parameters according to a triangular membership function;
calculating a fuzzy relation matrix of the fuzzy subset; first subset
Second subset
Respectively obtain
Obtaining a first-stage evaluation result by using the corresponding fuzzy relation matrix; forming a secondary evaluation matrix by using the first-stage evaluation result, and outputting an evaluation set as V ═ YP LP Z CP JP GP }, wherein YP represents a good product, LP represents a good product, Z represents a general product, CP represents a poor product, JP represents a poor product, and GP represents an extremely poor product;
if the rated service life of the circuit breaker is N, the service life of the circuit breaker corresponding to the YP is more than 0.9N; the residual service life of the breaker corresponding to the LP is more than 0.8N; the remaining breaker life corresponding to Z is > 0.6N; the residual life of the circuit breaker corresponding to the CP is more than 0.3L; JP corresponds to a remaining breaker life of >0.1L and GP corresponds to a remaining breaker life of < 0.1L.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein transforming the six parameters according to the triangular membership function comprises calculating transformed parameters:
wherein x isiIs a parameter of the i-th phase, aijIs the center point of the triangular membership function, Iij(xi) Is the degree of membership.
6. The method for evaluating an intelligent circuit breaker online monitoring and life evaluation system according to claim 4,
if the final judgment result is a poor JP product, the brake opening speed needs to be increased, and the arcing time needs to be reduced; if the result of the evaluation is a very poor product GP, the mechanism needs to be repaired or replaced.
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| CN113189481A (en) * | 2021-05-21 | 2021-07-30 | 江苏大学 | Electric power instrument with circuit breaker service life monitoring function and monitoring method |
| CN115508702A (en) * | 2022-11-16 | 2022-12-23 | 上海红檀智能科技有限公司 | Miniature intelligent circuit breaker fracture arc and thermal protection self-checking method |
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| 李胜辉: "《电弧电压测试系统与触头电寿命的研究》", 《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库 工程科技Ⅱ辑》 * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113189481A (en) * | 2021-05-21 | 2021-07-30 | 江苏大学 | Electric power instrument with circuit breaker service life monitoring function and monitoring method |
| CN115508702A (en) * | 2022-11-16 | 2022-12-23 | 上海红檀智能科技有限公司 | Miniature intelligent circuit breaker fracture arc and thermal protection self-checking method |
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