CN111811685A - Fiber grating temperature sensor, assembly and manufacturing method - Google Patents
Fiber grating temperature sensor, assembly and manufacturing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111811685A CN111811685A CN202010708470.9A CN202010708470A CN111811685A CN 111811685 A CN111811685 A CN 111811685A CN 202010708470 A CN202010708470 A CN 202010708470A CN 111811685 A CN111811685 A CN 111811685A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K11/00—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00
- G01K11/32—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using changes in transmittance, scattering or luminescence in optical fibres
- G01K11/3206—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using changes in transmittance, scattering or luminescence in optical fibres at discrete locations in the fibre, e.g. using Bragg scattering
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
Abstract
The invention discloses a fiber grating temperature sensor, a fiber grating temperature sensor assembly and a manufacturing method, wherein the fiber grating temperature sensor assembly comprises: the optical fiber comprises a grating section, two displacement compensation sections and two extension sections, wherein one displacement compensation section is connected with one end of the grating section and one extension section, the other displacement compensation section is connected with the other end of the grating section and the other extension section, and each displacement compensation section is bent; and the support plate is fixed with the optical fiber, and the manufacturing material of the support plate comprises a fiber reinforced composite material. The fiber reinforced composite material is utilized, so that the corrosion resistance and the compatibility are stronger, and the service life of the fiber grating temperature sensor in actual use can be effectively prolonged; and through setting up the displacement compensation section into crooked form, and the setting of extension section can make the displacement compensation section have certain compensation volume again, can alleviate the strain of grating section for the grating section does not receive the influence of meeting an emergency, and the cost is reduced has reduced the degree of difficulty in the technology again, but wide application in sensor technical field.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of sensors, in particular to a fiber grating temperature sensor, a fiber grating temperature assembly and a manufacturing method.
Background
The fiber grating temperature sensor is a novel sensor sensitive to strain and temperature, and has been gradually developed in the field of engineering structure monitoring by virtue of the characteristics of high sensitivity, high measurement precision, electromagnetic interference resistance, corrosion resistance and the like.
At present, on one hand, the fiber grating temperature sensor is mostly packaged by adopting metal materials, the packaging process is complex, the cost is relatively high, and meanwhile, the metal materials are easy to corrode in the using process, so that the service life of the fiber grating temperature sensor is shortened.
On the other hand, another difficulty of the fiber grating temperature sensor in engineering application is that the fiber grating has the characteristic of being sensitive to strain, and when the strain changes, the reflection spectrum of the fiber grating changes, and the decoupling method at present mostly realizes the decoupling of the strain factor by using an additional fiber grating as a reference or by adopting different materials for packaging, but the requirements on the identification of the center wavelength of the sensing grating and the manufacturing cost and process are high, and the fiber grating temperature sensor has defects.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, it is an object of the present invention to provide a fiber grating temperature sensor, a fiber grating temperature sensor assembly and a method for manufacturing the same.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a fiber grating temperature sensor comprising:
the optical fiber comprises a grating section, two displacement compensation sections and two extension sections, wherein one displacement compensation section is connected with one end of the grating section and one of the extension sections, the other displacement compensation section is connected with the other end of the grating section and the other extension section, and each displacement compensation section is bent;
and the support plate is fixed with the optical fiber, and the manufacturing material of the support plate comprises a fiber reinforced composite material.
Further, the fiber-reinforced composite material includes at least one of a glass fiber-reinforced composite material, a carbon fiber-reinforced composite material, and asbestos fibers.
Further, still include the protective layer, the backup pad is provided with the trompil, the protective layer corresponds the trompil setting, the protective layer with the displacement compensation section is fixed.
Furthermore, each extension section comprises a fixed section and a connecting section, the fixed section is connected with the grating section and the connecting section, and the fixed section is fixed with the support plate.
Further, still include a plurality of protective sleeves, protective sleeve with the backup pad is fixed, protective sleeve cladding grating section and the linkage segment.
Further, the protective sleeve is internally filled with sealant, and the sealant is made of thermosetting epoxy glue.
Further, the manufacturing material of the protective sleeve comprises Teflon.
Further, the support plate is formed by demolding Teflon.
The invention also provides an assembly comprising the fiber grating temperature sensor and two connectors, wherein each connector is connected with one extension section.
The invention also provides a manufacturing method of the fiber grating temperature sensor, which comprises the following steps:
sleeving a protective sleeve on a grating section and two extension sections on an optical fiber, wherein a bent displacement compensation section is arranged between the grating section and each extension section;
fixing a protective layer in the opening of a first support plate, wherein the first support plate is made of a fiber reinforced composite material;
fixing the grating segments at the middle position of the first support plate, so that the grating segments are symmetrically arranged in the length direction of the first support plate, fixing the displacement compensation segments with the protective layer, and fixing the protective sleeve with the first support plate;
covering a second support plate on one surface of the first support plate, wherein the optical fiber is arranged on the surface;
and covering the first supporting plate and the second supporting plate with iron-fluorine dragon plates respectively, and forming by a hot-press forming process.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the supporting plate comprising the fiber reinforced composite material is fixed with the optical fiber, and the fiber reinforced composite material is utilized, so that the corrosion resistance and the compatibility are stronger, and the service life of the fiber grating temperature sensor in actual use can be effectively prolonged; and through setting up the displacement compensation section into crooked form, and the setting of extension section can make the displacement compensation section have certain compensation volume again, can alleviate the strain of grating section for the grating section does not receive the influence of meeting an emergency, and the cost is reduced has reduced the degree of difficulty in the technology again.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a fiber grating temperature sensor according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a bottom view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a dimensional schematic of a first support plate according to an embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating dimensions of a protective layer according to an embodiment.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions better understood by those skilled in the art, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only partial embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
The terms "first," "second," "third," and "fourth," etc. in the description and claims of this application and in the accompanying drawings are used for distinguishing between different objects and not for describing a particular order. Furthermore, the terms "include" and "have," as well as any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, the inclusion of a series of steps, processes, methods, etc. is not limited to the steps shown, but may alternatively include steps not shown, or may alternatively enable the ordering of steps to be altered, or may alternatively include other steps inherent to such processes, methods, articles, or apparatus.
Reference herein to "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of the application. The appearances of the phrase in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by one skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the present embodiment provides a fiber grating temperature sensor including a support plate 1, four protective layers 2, an optical fiber 3, and protective sleeves (including a first protective sleeve 4 and a second protective sleeve 5).
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, in the present embodiment, the support plate 1 includes a first support plate 11 and a second support plate 12, and the first support plate 11 and the second support plate 12 extend in a length direction, which may alternatively refer to a left-right direction. In this embodiment, the support plate is rectangular, and the manufacturing material includes a fiber-reinforced composite material, optionally, the fiber-reinforced composite material includes at least one of a glass fiber-reinforced composite material, a carbon fiber-reinforced composite material, and asbestos fiber, for example, one of the above materials may be used, or the support plate is manufactured by mixing; the fiber reinforced composite material adopts a compact bidirectional glass fiber reinforced composite material with the layer thickness of (0.1-0.3) mm and pre-impregnated cloth, and the material is more sensitive in the strain direction and higher in strength, and comprises but is not limited to manufacture by a hot press forming mode. The first support plate 11 is provided with two openings 111, the second support plate 12 is provided with two slots 121 corresponding to the two openings 111, and the shapes of the openings 111 and the slots 121 include, but are not limited to, rectangular. The second support plate 12 is used for covering the optical fiber 3, the protective layer 2 and the protective sleeve after the optical fiber 3, the protective layer 2 and the protective sleeve are installed on the first support plate 11, and covering the optical fiber 3, the protective layer 2 and the protective sleeve with the first support plate 11. In this embodiment, the first support plate 11 and the second support plate 12 have the same structure and are formed by demolding teflon, and the surfaces are smooth and regular, so that the bonding strength between the support plates and the optical fibers 3 is improved, and the bonding strength between the packaged fiber grating temperature sensor and the tested structural member is enhanced. The first support plate 11 and the second support plate 12 have structures, and the surfaces of the structures are embedded in the structural member or are adhered to the outside of the structural member, so that the bonding strength between the surface of the fiber grating temperature sensor and the structural member to be detected is improved, and the separation of the fiber grating temperature sensor and the structural member to be detected in the use process is effectively prevented; the structures of the first supporting plate 11 and the second supporting plate 12 are suitable for being pasted on the surface of a measured structural part and also suitable for being embedded in the measured structural part, the applicability is high, and the strain and temperature of the measured structural part can be detected in real time.
As shown in fig. 1, 3 and 4, in the present embodiment, each of the protection layers 2 is disposed corresponding to one of the openings 111 and the slot 121, and optionally, the size of the protection layer 2 is larger than that of the opening 111, including but not limited to, the length L1 of the protection layer 2 is larger than the length L2 of the opening 111, the width W1 of the protection layer 2 is larger than the width W2 of the opening 111, and the protection layer 2 is used for protecting the optical fiber 3, and isolating resin and adhesive penetration functions.
As shown in fig. 2, in the present embodiment, the optical fiber 3 includes a grating section 31, two displacement compensation sections 32, and two extension sections, wherein each extension section includes a fixed section 33 and a connecting section 34. The grating section 31 is connected with two displacement compensation sections 32, the two displacement compensation sections 32 are connected with a fixed section 33, and the fixed section 33 is connected with a connecting section 34; the grating section 31 is located between two displacement compensation sections 32, the grating section 31 and the two displacement compensation sections 32 are located between two fixed sections 33, and the grating section 31, the two displacement compensation sections 32 and the two fixed sections 33 are located between two connecting sections 34.
As shown in fig. 2, in the present embodiment, the grating segment 31 is disposed between the two openings 111 and located at the middle position of the first support plate 11; the grating section 31 refers to a section including a carved grating region of the optical fiber as a sensing element of the sensor for performing a measuring function. It will be appreciated that the fibre grating has a specified length and the centre wavelength of the grating can be tailored to a range of requirements.
In this embodiment, the displacement compensation section 32 is curved, optionally loosely curved, and the specific degree of curvature may be adjusted according to actual requirements for resisting the influence of strain, that is, the strain of the grating section 31 may be relieved, so that the grating section 31 is not influenced by strain. The displacement compensation section 32 is fixed to the protective layer 2 so that the protective layer 2 can protect the displacement compensation section 32.
In this embodiment, the fixing section 33 is fixed to the first supporting plate 11, and the setting of the fixing section 33 enables the displacement compensation section 32 to have a certain compensation amount, thereby ensuring that the displacement compensation section 32 can normally operate.
In the present embodiment, the connection segment 34 is used for connecting a connector for transmitting optical signals.
Wherein, the other parts of the optical fiber 3 except the optical fiber grating region of the grating section 31 are all provided with strippable coating layers to protect the optical fiber 3, and the optical fiber 3 is doped with photosensitive materials.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, in the present embodiment, the protective sleeves include a first protective sleeve 4 and two second protective sleeves 5, and the first protective sleeve 4 and the two second protective sleeves 5 are fixed to the first support plate 11. The first protective sleeve 4 is sleeved on the grating section 31 and used for coating and protecting the grating section 31, and the length of the first protective sleeve 4 is greater than the length between the two openings 111; the second protection sleeve 5 is sleeved on the connection section 34 and is used for covering and protecting one part of the connection section 34, which is positioned between the first support plate 11 and the second support plate 12, and the other part of the connection section 34, which is beyond the outer parts of the first support plate 11 and the second support plate 12, so as to protect the optical fibers 3 from being damaged.
Optionally, the first protective sleeve 4 and the second protective sleeve 5 are filled with a sealant, and the material of the sealant includes, but is not limited to, thermosetting epoxy glue. The first protective sleeve 4 and the second protective sleeve 5 are made of teflon, and the protective sleeve made of the teflon has the advantages of being good in strength, flexibility, high-temperature resistant, acid-resistant, alkali-resistant and almost insoluble in any solvent, and can effectively protect the optical fiber 3.
Because the grating section 31 of the optical fiber 3 has the characteristic of being sensitive to both strain and temperature, the decoupling of the strain and the temperature of the optical fiber grating temperature sensor is more important, and the reflection spectrum of the optical fiber 3 grating is changed when the temperature and the strain are changed, while the scheme can ensure that the displacement compensation section 32 has certain compensation amount by arranging the displacement compensation section 32 in a bent shape and arranging the extension section, so that the strain of the grating section 31 can be relieved, the grating section 31 is not influenced by the strain, the cost is reduced, and the process difficulty is reduced; on the other hand, the influence of the optical fiber 3 when the temperature is changed can be reduced by arranging the high-temperature-resistant first protective sleeve 4 and the second protective sleeve 5, and the function of decoupling the temperature is completed. In conclusion, the fiber grating temperature sensor has the capabilities of monitoring temperature and resisting strain interference, is of a flat plate structure, is small, exquisite, light and thin, has high flexibility and high strength, and is suitable for being pasted on the surface of a measured structural part or embedded into a composite material to realize online real-time monitoring.
In this embodiment, the surface of the support layer of the fiber grating temperature sensor after being finally packaged by the first support plate 11 and the second support plate 12 is a plane, the maximum thickness of the sensor is not more than 1mm, and the width of the sensor is between 10mm and 20mm, so that the sensor is small and light.
The invention also provides an assembly which comprises the fiber grating temperature sensor and two connectors, wherein each connector is connected with an extension section, so that the fiber grating temperature sensor is conveniently communicated with an external system, and the fiber grating temperature sensors are mutually connected. In this embodiment, the connector is a fiber optic connector.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, the present invention further provides a method for manufacturing a fiber grating temperature sensor, including the following steps:
s1, sleeving a protective sleeve on the grating section 31 and two extension sections on the optical fiber 3, wherein a bent displacement compensation section 32 is arranged between the grating section 31 and each extension section, and each extension section comprises a fixed section 33 and a connecting section 34;
specifically, the first protective sleeve 4 is sleeved on the grating section 31, and the second protective sleeve 5 is sleeved on the connecting section 34.
Alternatively, the grating segment 31 may be obtained by: an optical fiber 3 with a coating layer is taken, the coating layer is stripped from the middle set part according to a certain length, and an optical fiber grating area is carved on the optical fiber 3 with the coating layer stripped.
Optionally, after the protective sleeve is sleeved, the protective sleeve is filled with the sealant.
S2, fixing the protective layer 2 in the opening 111 of the first support plate 11, wherein the first support plate 11 is made of a fiber reinforced composite material;
alternatively, the first support plate 11 may be obtained by: rectangular fiber reinforced composite prepreg with a proper size is cut, two rectangular openings 111 with the same specification are respectively dug at the 1/4 and 3/4 of the total length of the first support plate 11, and a distance U is reserved between the two openings 111.
Specifically, the size of the protective layer 2 is selected according to the openings 111, the length L1 of the protective layer 2 is greater than the length L2 of the openings 111, and the width W1 of the protective layer 2 is greater than the width W2 of the openings 111, so as to ensure that the protective layer 2 (including but not limited to the adhesive protective layer 2) has a certain overlapping width when covering the square openings 111 of the prepreg. Means of fixation include, but are not limited to, adhesion.
S3, fixing the grating segments 31 in the middle of the first support plate 11, so that the grating segments 31 are symmetrically disposed in the length direction of the first support plate 11, and fixing the displacement compensation segments 32 to the protective layer 2, and fixing the protective sleeve to the first support plate 11;
specifically, the grating segment 31 is fixed to the middle position of the first support plate 11 through the first protective sleeve 4, the fixing segment 33 is fixed to the first support plate 11, the displacement compensation segment 32 is fixed to the protective layer 2, and the connection segment 34 is fixed to the first support plate 11 through the second protective sleeve 5.
Optionally, the length of the first protective sleeve 4 is larger than the spacing U between the two apertures 111.
It is to be understood that the bending of the displacement compensation segment 32 into the curved shape may be performed in S1, or may be performed in S3, but is not limited thereto.
S4, covering the second support plate 12 on the surface of the first support plate 11 where the optical fibers 3 are arranged;
in this embodiment, the forming process and the size of the second support plate 12 are the same as those of the first support plate 11, the second support plate 12 has a slot 121 corresponding to the opening 111, and the manufacturing method and the size are the same as those of the opening 111, and are not described again. Optionally, the protection layer 2 is also fixed in the slot 121 before the second supporting plate 12 is covered, and the protection layer 2 further protects the displacement compensation section 32 during the covering.
S5 iron fluorine dragon plates are respectively coated on the first support plate 11 and the second support plate 12, and are formed by a hot press forming process.
Specifically, the coated teflon plate is placed into a hot press, after pressure and temperature parameters are adjusted to appropriate parameters (which can be adjusted according to actual needs), pressing is started, and after a period of time, the fiber grating temperature sensor is molded to obtain the fiber grating temperature sensor.
If the assembly including the fiber bragg grating temperature sensor needs to be manufactured, the connector may be connected to the connection section 34 after the fiber bragg grating temperature sensor is obtained, or the connector may be connected to the connection section 34 in advance in S1, and optionally, the connector is an optical fiber connector.
To sum up, the scheme can achieve the following effects:
(1) the fiber bragg grating temperature sensor which is packaged by the reinforced fiber plastic and can resist strain interference and accurately detect temperature is high in strength, small in size, corrosion-resistant and highly compatible with fiber composite materials, and the service life of the fiber bragg grating temperature sensor in actual industrial use can be effectively prolonged. And the first support plate 11 and the second support plate 12 are sheet-like structures, and are easy to be adhered to the surfaces of various structures, or can be embedded into a composite material, so that the real-time online detection of the detected piece is realized.
(2) The sensing elements with the fiber grating temperature sensor are completely encapsulated in the fiber reinforced composite material, the phenomenon that the grating section 31 is separated from the supporting plate cannot occur in a severe working environment, and tests show that the fiber grating temperature sensor encapsulated by the fiber reinforced composite material has high sensitivity and stability and can be applied to industrial environments with severe working conditions.
(3) The fiber bragg grating temperature sensor designed by the invention can realize the series or parallel work of a plurality of fiber bragg grating temperature sensors through the fiber connector, and realize the real-time distributed online detection of the structural part to be detected.
(5) The fiber grating temperature sensor packaged by the fiber reinforced composite material is made of nonmetal materials, has small volume, light weight, corrosion resistance and electromagnetic interference resistance, and prevents the possibility of corrosion failure or strong electromagnetic field interference of the fiber grating temperature sensor in the use process.
Claims (10)
1. A fiber grating temperature sensor, comprising:
the optical fiber comprises a grating section, two displacement compensation sections and two extension sections, wherein one displacement compensation section is connected with one end of the grating section and one of the extension sections, the other displacement compensation section is connected with the other end of the grating section and the other extension section, and each displacement compensation section is bent;
and the support plate is fixed with the optical fiber, and the manufacturing material of the support plate comprises a fiber reinforced composite material.
2. The fiber grating temperature sensor of claim 1, wherein: the fiber-reinforced composite material includes at least one of a glass fiber-reinforced composite material, a carbon fiber-reinforced composite material, and asbestos fibers.
3. The fiber grating temperature sensor of claim 1, wherein: still include the protective layer, the backup pad is provided with the trompil, the protective layer corresponds the trompil setting, the protective layer with the displacement compensation section is fixed.
4. The fiber grating temperature sensor of claim 1, wherein: each extension section comprises a fixed section and a connecting section, the fixed section is connected with the grating section and the connecting section, and the fixed section is fixed with the support plate.
5. The fiber grating temperature sensor of claim 4, wherein: the grating connecting device is characterized by further comprising a plurality of protective sleeves, the protective sleeves are fixed with the supporting plate, and the protective sleeves wrap the grating sections and the connecting sections.
6. The fiber grating temperature sensor of claim 5, wherein: the protective sleeve is internally filled with sealant, and the sealant is made of thermosetting epoxy glue.
7. The fiber grating temperature sensor of claim 5, wherein: the protective sleeve is made of Teflon.
8. The fiber grating temperature sensor of claim 1, wherein: the supporting plate is formed by demolding Teflon.
9. An assembly comprising a fibre grating temperature sensor according to any one of claims 1 to 8 and two connectors, each connector being connected to one of said elongate sections.
10. A manufacturing method of a fiber grating temperature sensor is characterized by comprising the following steps:
sleeving a protective sleeve on a grating section and two extension sections on an optical fiber, wherein a bent displacement compensation section is arranged between the grating section and each extension section;
fixing a protective layer in the opening of a first support plate, wherein the first support plate is made of a fiber reinforced composite material;
fixing the grating segments at the middle position of the first support plate, so that the grating segments are symmetrically arranged in the length direction of the first support plate, fixing the displacement compensation segments with the protective layer, and fixing the protective sleeve with the first support plate;
covering a second support plate on one surface of the first support plate, wherein the optical fiber is arranged on the surface;
and covering the first supporting plate and the second supporting plate with iron-fluorine dragon plates respectively, and forming by a hot-press forming process.
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| CN202010708470.9A CN111811685A (en) | 2020-07-22 | 2020-07-22 | Fiber grating temperature sensor, assembly and manufacturing method |
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| CN114088003A (en) * | 2021-11-09 | 2022-02-25 | 交通运输部公路科学研究所 | Fiber grating sensor |
| CN114608635A (en) * | 2022-03-07 | 2022-06-10 | 广州大学 | Reusable microarray self-adhesion optical fiber sensor and preparation method thereof |
| CN114608635B (en) * | 2022-03-07 | 2023-11-21 | 广州大学 | Reusable microarray self-adhesive optical fiber sensor and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20201023 |