CN111810703A - A fully automatic pneumatic control device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a fully automatic pneumatic control device, comprising a casing, an executive assembly and a power assembly installed in the casing, and a control assembly that triggers the power assembly to drive the executive assembly to work; the executive assembly, the power assembly and the control assembly are from top to The actuator assembly includes a valve core assembly for realizing air and vacuum on-off; the power assembly includes a needle valve assembly for realizing delayed closing and a spool valve assembly for realizing quick opening; the The control component includes a liquid level pressure sensor, a voltage stabilization buffer unit and a kinetic energy conversion unit; the present invention is mainly composed of three core components, including an executive component, a power component and a control component, which can realize the compactness and reliability of the structural design; the internal formation The space has active, reliable and effective water collection and drainage technology and structure, and the internal reasonable circulation pipeline design has low resistance and high efficiency.

Description

A fully automatic pneumatic control device

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of a vacuum sewage valve control system in a vacuum sewage continuous collection, temporary storage and periodic transportation system. Temporary sewage collection device for sewage discharge, and can transport the sewage in the sewage collection device to the downstream vacuum collection pipeline network, and use the pressure difference drive control method, that is, the pneumatic control method to control, and its components mainly include vacuum sewage. Valve, sewage cavity, equipment cavity, manhole cover, manual ball valve, gravity sewage inlet pipeline, sewage pipeline connected to the downstream vacuum collection pipeline network, sewage suction pipeline; for the vacuum sewage valve control system in the vacuum well, the present invention In particular, it relates to a fully automatic pneumatic control device.

Background technique

In the technical field of vacuum domestic sewage collection, transportation and treatment, vacuum domestic sewage collection is the most advanced technical field, including such technical application scenarios: by means of vacuum or negative pressure airflow transportation based on the suction of air at one end and the discharge of air at the other end The pipe based on the principle of force, will come from buildings (such as rural bungalows, tile houses, buildings, cement houses, villas, and urban residential buildings, high-rise buildings, buildings, etc.) water, as well as grey water (represented by waste water sources such as kitchens, washing and bathing) to a remote cesspool or a vacuum collection and delivery pipeline system.

The typical technical solution to realize this application scenario is to use a temporary sewage storage tank, which has an inlet connected to the sewage outlet of the building, and a sewage discharge connected to the vacuum sewage conveying pipeline (or vacuum source, vacuum sewage tank, etc.) The suction port, and the vacuum sewage valve (or vacuum valve, main valve) connecting the sewage suction port and the vacuum sewage conveying pipeline; the vacuum sewage valve has a control system or device, and its basic operation (or work) process is when In the liquid storage tank, the sewage water level reaches the first preset value (or high water level value). The controller applies a vacuum force to the vacuum sewage valve to suck the sewage away and empty it until the sewage water level in the sewage tank drops to another preset value. When the value (or low water level value) is reached, the control system closes the vacuum blowdown valve, the system is defined as a vacuum sewage continuous collection, temporary storage and periodic conveying system, referred to as a vacuum collection well, or a vacuum well.

Generally, in the field of liquid or sewage collection technology, the use of vacuum technology to collect liquid or sewage is a well-known technology; in the past 130 years, a large number of foreign patent documents have been involved in these subdivided technical fields, although the domestic technology accumulation time is relatively However, in recent years, the development of vacuum blowdown valve control systems, especially differential pressure pneumatic controllers, has also been very rapid; for domestic and foreign designs, they are generally divided into three main core components, executive components, Control components and power components, including:

(1) Execution component: It is used to continuously and intermittently connect the vacuum and air to the output interface, so that the output interface finally realizes the requirements of intermittently connecting the vacuum and air in turn. The structure is similar to the two-position three-way reversing valve. , which has two input ports, which are connected to vacuum and air respectively, and the output is one port, which is connected to the vacuum drain valve;

At present, there are mainly two types of diaphragm type reversing valve structures that realize this function, namely, the corrugated diaphragm reset structure with the spring above the diaphragm and the corrugated diaphragm reset structure with the spring under the diaphragm. ; Among them, the corrugated diaphragm reset structure of the spring on the diaphragm can refer to the invention patent applied by Foreman et al., its European Patent No. EP0519523A2 (1992), U.S. Patent No. US5069243 (1989), etc.; and Huisma et al. The invention patent applied for, its EU patent number EP0152386B1 (1984); the corrugated diaphragm reset structure of the spring under the diaphragm can refer to the invention patent applied by Foreman et al in 1981, its US patent number US4373838 (1981) ); the invention patent applied by Featheringill et al in 1995, its U.S. Patent No. US5570715 (1995); the invention patent applied by John et al in 1976, its U.S. Patent No. US3998736 (1976) etc.;

There are the following defects in the above-mentioned prior art:

a. The drainage effect in the chamber is not good: for example, the chamber in the EU Patent No. EP0519523A2 has the problem of concentrated water and difficult drainage. In particular, a drain pipe 39 is added, but the groove of the corrugated diaphragm 38 is very close to the inlet of the drain pipe 39 after the action, so as to discharge water; similarly, there is also a problem of poor drainage in the above-mentioned chamber in US Patent No. US4373838. question;

b. Incomplete drainage in the chamber: for example, after the action of the corrugated diaphragm 38 of the European Patent No. EP0519523A2, its groove is very close to the inlet of the drainage pipe 39, so as to discharge the water; The end of the drain pipe 39 adsorbs the corrugated diaphragm 48 together, so that the corrugated diaphragm cannot rise further, which in turn affects the function realization of the actuator and the switching between air and vacuum, so the gap is relatively large in actual use, and then There will be residual water; and the output port 122 in the US Patent No. US4373838 is connected to the control chambers in various valves, while the vacuum port 96 flows or is connected to the interface 122 only through two bends, relatively speaking, This is the best solution, but the controller is installed horizontally, that is, 96 and 122 are installed vertically on the ground. The problem is that the air in the 122 pipeline is closed to the 114 valve when the controller is closed. The impact force of the core will condense the moisture in the air into condensed water. The condensed water is mixed with dust and other impurities in the air and attached to the sealing contact edge of the 114 valve core, resulting in poor sealing and air leakage. ;

c. The vacuum inlet is not fast: for example, in the EU patent number EP0519523A2, the outlet 51 and the vacuum pipeline (the pipeline under the sealing ring 43) are bent many times, and the vacuum inlet (located on the side) of the vacuum blowdown valve pneumatic controller reaches the Outlet 51 has gone through 4 times of 90-degree gas path turns. The consequence is that the flow resistance of the gas path pipeline is large, so that the air in the control chamber in the various valves connected to the output port cannot be quickly and completely discharged through the vacuum inlet port; While the output port 122 of US Patent No. US4373838 is connected to the control chambers in various valves, and the vacuum port 96 is connected to the interface 122 only through two bends, relatively speaking, its working effect has been further improved. improve;

d. It cannot be combined with other functional components: for example, the water collection and drainage functional modules or parts (referred to as collection and drainage or collection and drainage parts) in the EU Patent No. EP0519523A2 are configured independently of the pneumatic controller, not to mention occupying space, and It requires more parts than the integrated type, because more mounting parts, connectors, etc. are required; and the vacuum port is located below the air port, which is not conducive to the integrated design, because the water collection and drainage functions require a larger chamber, When the height of the controller is inconvenient, the internal height of its effective chamber is extremely important, and the air inlet is above the vacuum port, which means that the height of the collection and drainage chamber is shortened, and the water collection effect is reduced; and the US Patent No. US4373838 ripple The diaphragm valve core acts horizontally, and each chamber is also arranged horizontally, which results in the failure of the collection and drainage components that collect condensed water based on gravity to achieve its function.

(2) Control component: It is used to realize the change of the relevant chamber volume under the control of the sensor, and then trigger the execution of the power device. Its basic functional technical requirements are sensitive response and reliable reset;

At present, the control components that realize this function include the following main parts: sensor, voltage stabilizer buffer, kinetic energy conversion unit; among them, the sensor is designed based on the principle of air pressure change caused by liquid level change; voltage stabilizer buffer is used for liquid level change. The sudden change of the air pressure caused by the level fluctuation can avoid the misoperation of the controller caused by the sudden pressure;

Since the working principle of the liquid level sensor is the same, the kinetic energy conversion devices are similar to each other, and they are all kinetic energy conversion devices based on the diaphragm structure; but the details in many aspects are different, and there are mainly two most representative technologies. The structure type is the invention patent applied by Foreman et al., its U.S. Patent No. US5069243 (1989), the invention patent applied by Foreman et al., its U.S. Patent No. US4373838 (1981);

There are the following defects in the above-mentioned prior art:

a. Poor reliability and effectiveness of drainage in the chamber: For example, the access port of the liquid level controller in US Patent No. US5069243 is at the top. The problem is that the connecting pipeline needs to be bent once. During long-term use, it will lead to The connecting pipeline is bent and deformed, which will increase the force on the joint 25 and cause damage; and the upward pipeline joint is not conducive to the return and discharge of condensed water in the pipeline, which is a serious problem; more seriously, the chamber The condensed water well in 29 enters into the chamber 33 through the damping hole of the corrugated diaphragm 30 and through the pipeline 32, and then gradually accumulates and accumulates; as the use time continues, and the temperature difference inside and outside the vacuum well increases, the condensed water accumulates The effect is more obvious, and what is more fatal is that the accumulated condensed water cannot be returned or discharged through the original path, because the interface 25 is configured at the top, and the change of air pressure caused by the fluctuation of the liquid level in the liquid level sensor is not significant, especially The existence of the corrugated diaphragm damping hole 30 further aggravates the difficulty of discharging the condensed water.

In the United States patent US4373838, the problem of drainage has been explored or improved. The condensed water in the chamber 78 can be discharged into the pipeline connected to the liquid level sensor through the damping hole 118 at the lower end of the controller. More importantly, the liquid The level controller joint is arranged horizontally, which is conducive to the discharge of condensed water; the condensed water in the chamber 79 enters the chamber 80 through the hole 88, and under the action of the vacuum suction pipe 120, the condensed water in the two chambers can be discharged. outside the controller; but the hole 88 is not at the tangent at the bottom of the chamber where the controller is horizontally arranged, but is a little closer to the center, resulting in a certain amount of condensed water accumulated in the chamber 79; at the same time, in the chamber 80 The vacuum suction pipe 120 is arranged vertically. Under the action of the throttle valve 120, the vacuum suction speed has been reduced, especially the adsorption of the condensed water on the surface of the chamber, especially the water on the bottom surface, and the condensed water cannot be completely accumulated. Empty thoroughly and efficiently;

b. The reliability and effectiveness of the liquid level fluctuation voltage stabilization function is poor: for example, the liquid level fluctuation voltage stabilization in the US patent US4373838 is realized by the damping hole 118. This solution has a simple structure, but the effect is not good, because the sudden increase of the liquid level causes The sudden increase of the air pressure will accelerate the air ejection from the orifice 118, and then play a certain role in regulating the pressure within a certain pressure range, and the pressure increase and pressure decrease have the same effect on the corrugated diaphragm 86, The direction is opposite; and the technical goal is that the voltage regulation effect is good when the air pressure increases, and it should be slow and stable; and when the air pressure decreases, it should be fast and continuous, and the actual situation is that the rate when the air pressure decreases and when the air pressure increases;

c. The structure of the orifice is unreasonable: for example, in the US patent US4373838, different parts 118 need to be configured to cope with the difference in the high liquid level difference of different vacuum well sewage tanks, and this part is a special-shaped part, and it is inconvenient to store , the existence of small holes leads to high cost of mold opening.

(3) Power assembly: It is used to realize intermittent connection of vacuum and air to the actuator under the control of the control assembly to meet the requirements of rapid switching, similar to the two-position two-way reversing valve or the two-position three-way reversing a valve, wherein there are two input ports, which are respectively connected to vacuum and/or air, and one output port, which is connected to the input port or control port of the actuator;

The power components mainly include the switch mechanism for switching on and off the air or vacuum, the delay closing structure, etc.; among them, the switching mechanism for switching on and off the vacuum or air is indirectly triggered by the sensor from the actuator, and then the device is driven by power to generate a pressure difference. ; The energy-power conversion mechanism is a device that realizes the pressure difference between the vacuum and the atmosphere by switching on and off the vacuum or air, and then acts as a power-driven actuator to achieve the purpose of rapid opening; it can use a piston-type slide valve structure or a membrane The working principle structure such as the chip spool valve structure, that is, the two-position two-way reversing valve or the two-position three-way reversing valve; considering that the diaphragm structure occupies a large space, and the piston-type spool valve has a compact structure, and considers the rapid opening And the delay closing mechanism uses a needle valve to adjust the air delay, so the energy-power conversion mechanism adopts a two-position two-way piston spool valve reversing valve, in which the input is an interface, which is connected to the vacuum pipeline, and the output interface has one, which is connected to The input interface or control interface of the actuator; the delay closing mechanism is a mechanism used to extend the closing time of the controller; the delay closing mechanism is used to delay the sewage discharge for a period of time before closing, which is helpful for the effective liquid level in the vacuum collection well. Drop to the lower limit position to avoid the liquid level falling distance is too small, causing frequent switching on and off of the vacuum collection well, resulting in accelerated equipment aging and reduced life.

The most representative technologies in the prior art mainly have two types of structures, namely the invention patent applied by Foreman et al., the US patent number US5069243 (1989), the invention patent applied by Foreman et al. No. US4373838 (1981);

There are the following defects in the above-mentioned prior art:

a. Poor reliability of sheet metal parts: For example, there are two schemes for the on-off switch mechanism in US Patent No. US5069243, namely the duckbill valve structure and the spring lever return clamp structure. The duckbill valve structure is made of rubber parts, although the structure is compact, However, it is easy to block or leak, so the environmental adaptability is poor; while the spring lever return clamp structure is an integrated sheet metal part, although it has high sensitivity, it has disadvantages such as easy rust and stains that affect the sealing performance, especially when the humidity is high. When air containing a lot of dust enters the inside of the controller, it aggravates the corrosion of the parts and destroys the air tightness of the matching; the technical solution of the on-off switch mechanism in the US Patent No. US4373838 is the spring lever return force clip structure, and its structure is more complex , In particular, the spring lever return clamp structure is a hinged sheet metal part. Although it has high sensitivity, it has disadvantages such as easy wear and rust of the rotating shaft, especially when the air with high humidity and dust enters the controller. , aggravating the corrosion of parts and destroying the air tightness of the fit;

b. The functions of water collection and drainage are unreliable: for example, the structure of the delay closing mechanism in US Patent No. US5069243 is to set a speed regulating needle valve on the air pipeline, and the vacuum is turned on and off. The delay closing mechanism structure in the technology of US Patent No. US4373838 The scheme is just the opposite of the former, that is, a speed-regulating needle valve is set on the vacuum pipeline, and when the air is turned on and off, the vacuum pressure will be affected by many factors, such as the instantaneous pressure fluctuation of the vacuum pipeline when the vacuum blowdown valve is turned on and off, and the vacuum blowdown valve operates. After closing, the sewage backflow in the sewage suction pipe hits the liquid level sensor, causing its liquid level to fluctuate, which in turn makes the control more serious. The top-mounted vacuum control pipe joint is at the top of the device, and is close to the bottom of the chamber 80 through the suction pipe 120. , so there are problems of stagnant water and poor sewage discharge.

In view of a series of problems existing in the prior art, such as: the condensed water inside the chamber is not easily discharged or not completely discharged, the relevant ventilation pipeline design is unreasonable, the overall structural design functionality and reliability are poor, etc. A fully automatic pneumatic control device is used to solve the problems existing in the prior art. After searching, no technical solutions identical or similar to the present invention have been found.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a fully automatic pneumatic control device to solve the problems in the prior art that the condensed water in the device is not easily discharged or not completely discharged, the internal pipeline design is unreasonable, and the functionality and reliability are poor.

The technical scheme of the present invention is: a fully automatic pneumatic control device, comprising a casing, an executive assembly and a power assembly installed in the casing, and a control assembly that triggers the power assembly to drive the executive assembly to work; the executive assembly, the power assembly and the control assembly The components are distributed in sequence from top to bottom; the actuator component includes a valve core component for realizing air and vacuum on-off; the power component includes a needle valve component for realizing delayed closing and a spool valve for realizing quick opening assembly; the control assembly includes a liquid level pressure sensor, a voltage stabilization buffer unit and a kinetic energy conversion unit.

Preferably, the casing includes an upper casing, a middle casing and a lower casing which are arranged in sequence from top to bottom, and a first cavity, a second cavity and a second cavity that are connected in sequence from top to bottom are arranged inside the middle casing. The cavity, the third cavity, the fourth cavity, the fifth cavity and the sixth cavity, a first inner hole is arranged between the first cavity and the second cavity, and the second cavity is connected to the A second inner hole is arranged between the third cavity, a third inner hole is arranged between the third cavity and the fourth cavity, and a fourth inner hole is arranged between the fifth cavity and the sixth cavity An inner hole, the side of the fourth inner hole is provided with a first air passage channel whose two ends are respectively communicated with the fourth inner hole and the sixth cavity; The air inlet and valve body air interface communicated with the air flow channel, the valve body air control interface communicated with the third cavity, and the vacuum inlet and outlet communicated with the fourth cavity are arranged on the air flow channel. The second cavity is communicated with the sixth cavity.

Preferably, the valve core assembly includes a valve core body, a first return spring and a first diaphragm; the valve core body sequentially penetrates the first inner hole, the second inner hole and the third inner hole, and extends to the first inner hole. Inside the cavity, the second cavity, the third cavity and the fourth cavity, and the inner walls of the first inner hole, the second inner hole and the third inner hole are all nested with the inner wall for forming a seal with the side wall of the valve core body The valve core body in the third cavity is provided with a sealing pressure plate in an integrated structure, and the side walls of the valve core body at the upper and lower ends of the sealing pressure plate are provided with through grooves; the first return spring the outer wall of the valve core body is sleeved in the second cavity; the first diaphragm is set in the fourth cavity, the middle part is fixedly connected with the lower end of the valve core body, and the outer end along the circumferential direction is connected with the fourth cavity The inner wall is fixedly connected and divides the fourth cavity into a first upper chamber and a first lower chamber.

Preferably, a throttling channel communicated with the fifth cavity is provided on the side wall of the middle casing opposite to the fifth cavity, and the throttling channel is communicated with the vacuum inlet and outlet; the needle valve assembly is nested Fitted in the throttling channel, it includes a needle valve body extending into the fifth cavity and an adjusting knob fixed on the side of the needle valve body away from the fifth cavity.

Preferably, the spool valve assembly includes a valve stem, a second return spring and a second diaphragm; the valve stem is nested and slidably fitted with the fourth inner hole, and a second connecting hole is arranged between the side wall and the upper end surface. Two air passages; the second return spring is arranged in the fourth inner hole on the upper end of the valve stem; the second diaphragm is arranged in the sixth cavity, the middle part is fixedly connected with the lower end of the valve stem, and the circumferential direction is The outer end is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the sixth cavity, and divides the sixth cavity into a second upper chamber and a second lower chamber.

Preferably, a connecting head is fixed at the lower end of the lower casing, a seventh cavity is arranged between the upper end of the connecting head and the lower end surface of the lower casing, and a guide is arranged between the seventh cavity and the sixth cavity A flow hole, a sensor interface communicating with the seventh cavity and the side wall is provided; the liquid level pressure sensor is connected with the sensor interface; area, the seventh cavity is provided with a third diaphragm, the outer end of the third diaphragm in the circumferential direction is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the seventh cavity, and the end surface is provided with a channel connecting the upper and lower ends of the third diaphragm a hole; the kinetic energy conversion unit includes a sixth cavity and an area formed by the second diaphragm.

Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are:

(1) The present invention is mainly composed of three core components, including executive components, power components and control components, which can achieve compactness and reliability of structural design; the space formed inside has active, reliable and effective water collection and Drainage technology and structure, and reasonable internal circulation pipeline design, small resistance and high efficiency.

(2) The actuator is used to continuously and intermittently connect the vacuum and air to the air control interface of the valve body, so that the air control interface of the valve body finally realizes the requirement of intermittently connecting the vacuum and air in turn, similar to the two-position three-way Reversing valve; at the same time, the third middle casing connected with it can realize the vortex-like inflow and jet-like outflow of the air flow, which is convenient to discharge the condensed water vapor inside the structure, so that the water collection and drainage functions can be effectively realized, and the execution component can be realized. It is combined with the structure of water collection and drainage functional components to achieve functional integration and avoid independent configuration.

(3) The power assembly is used to realize the intermittent connection of vacuum and air to the execution assembly to meet the requirements of rapid switching. The present invention adopts a piston-type slide valve assembly for rapid opening control and a needle valve assembly for delayed closing control , avoiding the use of traditional sheet metal parts for rapid opening control technology, greatly reducing the number of parts, more compact structure, and stronger reliability.

(4) The control assembly is used to realize the volume change of the second upper chamber and the second lower chamber inside the device under the control of the liquid level pressure sensor, thereby triggering the power assembly to drive the execution assembly to work, and the control assembly has a reliable liquid level The function of fluctuating voltage regulation, that is, the third diaphragm with a through hole is used, which can realize voltage regulation during boosting and rapid pressure relief during depressurization; at the same time, the sensor interface is located at the bottom of the automatic pneumatic control device, and condensation occurs in the sixth cavity. The water vapor can be discharged along the guide hole, through hole and sensor interface in turn, effectively realizing the function of water collection and drainage; and the through hole on the third diaphragm not only plays the role of drainage, but also plays the role of ventilation, and also realizes the function Integrated, high reliability.

Description of drawings

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment, the present invention is further described:

1 is a schematic structural diagram of a fully automatic pneumatic control device according to the present invention being installed in a vacuum well;

Figure 2 is a partial cross-sectional front view of a fully automatic pneumatic control device according to the present invention;

3 is a partial cross-sectional front view of the housing according to the present invention;

4 is a top view of the third middle casing according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a front view of the installation section of the actuator assembly/spool assembly according to the present invention;

6 is a schematic structural diagram of the valve core body according to the present invention;

Fig. 7 is the front view of the installation section of the power assembly of the present invention;

8 is a schematic structural diagram of the upper end of the guide ring according to the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of the lower end of the guide ring according to the present invention;

10 is a partial structural cross-sectional view of the control assembly according to the present invention;

11 is a 1/4 side cross-sectional structural exploded view and an air circulation route diagram of the first middle casing, the second middle casing and the third middle casing according to the present invention;

Fig. 12 is the communication circuit diagram between the air inlet and the air flow channel according to the present invention;

13 is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the fourth middle casing according to the present invention;

14 is a 1/2 cross-sectional structural view of the fourth middle casing according to the present invention and a structural schematic diagram of a sealing strip;

Fig. 15 is the circuit diagram of the communication between the throttle channel and the vacuum inlet and outlet according to the present invention;

Figure 16 is a diagram of the drainage circuit in the control assembly according to the present invention;

17 is a cross-sectional view of the power assembly of the present invention in a non-working state;

Figure 18 is a cross-sectional view of the power assembly of the present invention in a working state;

FIG. 19 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the execution component according to the present invention;

Figure 20 is a sectional view of the actuator according to the present invention in a non-working state;

Fig. 21 is a sectional view of the actuator according to the present invention in a working state;

Fig. 22 is the circuit diagram of the circulation when the upper end of the third middle casing is drained according to the present invention;

Fig. 23 is a flow circuit diagram when the lower end of the third middle casing is drained according to the present invention.

Among them: 01, a vacuum well, 02, a fully automatic pneumatic control device;

1. Shell;

11. Upper shell, 12, Middle shell, 13, Lower shell, 14, Air flow channel, 15, Air inlet, 16, Valve body air interface, 17, Valve body air control interface, 18, Vacuum inlet and outlet;

101, first cavity, 102, second cavity, 103, third cavity, 104, fourth cavity, 1041, first upper cavity, 1042, first lower cavity, 105, fifth cavity , 106, the sixth cavity, 1061, the second upper chamber, 1062, the second lower chamber;

111, the first inner hole, 112, the second inner hole, 113, the third inner hole, 114, the fourth inner hole, 115, the first air channel, 116, the throttle channel;

121, the first middle shell, 122, the second middle shell, 123, the third middle shell, 124, the fourth middle shell, 125, the fifth middle shell;

1241, diversion groove, 1242, sealing strip,

2. Execution components;

21. The valve core body, 211, the sealing pressure plate, 212, the through groove, 22, the first return spring, 23, the first diaphragm, 24, the rubber sealing ring;

3. Power components;

31. Needle valve assembly, 311, needle valve body, 312, adjustment knob, 313, guide ring, 314, drainage groove, 315, cavity;

32. Slide valve assembly, 321, valve stem, 322, second return spring, 323, second diaphragm, 324, second air passage;

4. Control components;

41, liquid level pressure sensor, 42, voltage stabilization buffer unit, 43, kinetic energy conversion unit, 44, connector, 45, seventh cavity, 46, third diaphragm, 47, guide hole, 48, sensor interface;

G01, input port, G02, output port, G03, air pipeline interface, G04, vacuum pipeline interface.

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the content of the present invention is described in further detail:

As shown in FIG. 1, a fully automatic pneumatic control device is used to install in the vacuum well 01, and is used to realize the conveyance of the sewage in the vacuum well 01 to the downstream vacuum collection pipeline network, which is labeled as in FIG. 1 The components of "02", as shown in Figure 2, include a housing 1, an actuator 2 and a power module 3 installed in the housing 1, and a control module 4 that triggers the power module 3 to drive the actuator 2 to work; the actuator module 2. The power components 3 and the control components 4 are distributed sequentially from top to bottom.

As shown in FIG. 3 , the casing 1 includes an upper casing 11 , a middle casing 12 and a lower casing 13 arranged in sequence from top to bottom. In order to facilitate the processing of each space inside the middle casing 12 , the middle casing 12 is It is designed as a first middle casing 121, a second middle casing 122, a third middle casing 123, a fourth middle casing 124 and a fifth middle casing 125 arranged in sequence from top to bottom; the middle casing 12 is arranged inside There are a first cavity 101, a second cavity 102, a third cavity 103, a fourth cavity 104, a fifth cavity 105 and a sixth cavity 106 which are connected in sequence from top to bottom; the first cavity 101 is arranged inside the first middle shell 121; the second cavity 102 is arranged inside the second middle shell 122, and a first inner hole 111 is arranged between the first cavity 101 and the third cavity 103 and the first inner hole 111; The four cavities 104 are disposed at the upper and lower ends of the third middle casing 123 , and a second inner hole 112 is disposed between the third cavity 103 and the second cavity 102 , and the third cavity 103 and the fourth cavity 104 A third inner hole 113 is arranged between the two; the fifth cavity 105 is arranged inside the fourth middle shell 124, and a throttle channel 116 is also arranged between the fourth middle shell 124 and the side wall of the fourth middle shell 124; the sixth cavity 106 is arranged at the lower end of the fifth middle casing 125, and is provided with a fourth inner hole 114 between the fifth cavity 105 and the fourth inner hole 114. The first air passage 115 communicated with the cavity 106; the middle shell 12 is also provided with an air flow channel 14, and the air flow channel 14 sequentially penetrates the first middle shell 121, the second middle shell 122, and the third middle shell The body 123 , the fourth middle casing 124 and the fifth middle casing 125 communicate with the second cavity 102 and the sixth cavity 106 .

The air inlet 15, the valve body air interface 16, the valve body air control interface 17 and the vacuum inlet 18 are provided on the side wall of the middle casing 12, wherein the air inlet 15 is arranged at the side wall of the fourth middle casing 124, and is connected with the air. The flow channel 14 communicates with each other. For the detailed communication principle, please refer to the following “Communication between the air inlet 15 and the air flow channel 14”; the valve body air interface 16 is arranged at the side wall of the first middle casing 121 for connecting with the vacuum blowdown valve. and communicated with the air flow channel 14; as shown in FIG. 4, the valve body air control interface 17 and the vacuum inlet and outlet 18 are arranged on the third middle casing 123, and the valve body air control interface 17 is communicated with the third cavity 103, The vacuum inlet 18 communicates with the fourth cavity 104 .

The main function of the actuator 2 is to continuously and intermittently connect the vacuum and air to the output port, that is, the valve body air control interface 17, so that the output port finally realizes the requirement of intermittently connecting vacuum and air in turn, similar to the two-position Three-way reversing valve; as shown in Figure 5, its structure includes a valve core assembly for realizing air and vacuum on-off; the valve core assembly includes a valve core body 21, a first return spring 22 and a first diaphragm 23; the valve The core body 21 penetrates through the first inner hole 111 , the second inner hole 112 and the third inner hole 113 in sequence, and extends into the first cavity 101 , the second cavity 102 , the third cavity 103 and the fourth cavity 104 , and the inner walls of the first inner hole 111 , the second inner hole 112 and the third inner hole 113 are all nested with a rubber sealing ring 24 for forming a seal with the side wall of the valve core body 21 ; in the third cavity 103 The valve core body 21 is provided with a sealing pressure plate 211 in an integrated structure. As shown in FIG. 6 , through grooves 212 are opened on the side walls of the valve core body 21 at the upper and lower ends of the sealing pressure plate 211; the first return spring 22 is sleeved on the first return spring 22 The outer wall of the valve core body 21 in the second cavity 102; the first diaphragm 23 is arranged in the fourth cavity 104, the middle part is fixedly connected with the lower end of the valve core body 21, and the outer end along the circumferential direction is connected with the fourth cavity 104 The inner wall is fixedly connected, and the fourth cavity 104 is divided into a first upper chamber 1041 and a first lower chamber 1042, wherein the middle part of the first diaphragm 23 is fixed in the following way: the lower end of the valve core body 21 is fixedly connected by locking screws A pair of connecting plates, the middle end of the first diaphragm 23 is fixed between the pair of connecting plates; the fixing method of the outer end of the first diaphragm 23 is as follows: the outer end of the first diaphragm 23 is annularly provided with protrusions, nested and clamped It is tightly fixed between the third middle casing 123 and the fourth middle casing 124 .

The main function of the power component 3 is to realize the intermittent connection of vacuum and air to the execution component 2 under the control of the control component 4 to meet the requirements of rapid switching, similar to the two-position two-way reversing valve or the two-position three-way switching valve. directional valve; as shown in FIG. 7 , its structure includes a needle valve assembly 31 for delayed closing and a spool valve assembly 32 for rapid opening; the needle valve assembly 31 is nested and fitted in the throttling passage 116, including The needle valve body 311 extending into the fifth cavity 105 and the adjustment knob 312 fixed on the side of the needle valve body 311 away from the fifth cavity 105 are also provided with a guide ring 313 at the inner lower end of the fifth cavity 105, as shown in the figure 8. As shown in FIG. 9, the lower end surface of the guide ring 313 has a concave cavity 315 arranged in an annular shape, and the upper end is evenly provided with a plurality of drainage grooves 314 extending from the upper end surface into the cavity in an arc shape, wherein the concave cavity 315 is connected to the cavity 314. The throttling channel 116 is communicated; the throttling channel 116 is communicated with the vacuum inlet and outlet 18. For the detailed communication principle, please refer to the following "communication between the throttling channel 116 and the vacuum inlet and outlet 18"; the spool valve assembly 32 includes a valve stem 321, a second return spring 322 and the second diaphragm 323; the valve stem 321 is nested and slidably fitted with the fourth inner hole 114, and a second air passage 324 communicated between the side wall and the upper end face is provided; the second return spring 322 is provided on the valve Inside the fourth inner hole 114 at the upper end of the rod 321; the second diaphragm 323 is arranged in the sixth cavity 106, the middle part is fixedly connected with the lower end of the valve stem 321, and the outer end along the circumferential direction is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the sixth cavity 106 , and the sixth cavity 106 is divided into a second upper chamber 1061 and a second lower chamber 1062 .

The control assembly 4 includes a liquid level pressure sensor 41, a voltage stabilization buffer unit 42 and a kinetic energy conversion unit 43. The main function is to realize the change of the internal related space volume under the control of the liquid level pressure sensor 41, thereby triggering the power assembly 3 to work, and finally The actuating assembly 2 is driven to complete the action; as shown in FIG. 10 , a connecting head 44 is fixed at the lower end of the lower casing 13 , and a seventh cavity 45 is provided between the upper end of the connecting head 44 and the lower end surface of the lower casing 13 , and the seventh cavity 45 A guide hole 47 is provided between the sixth cavity 106 and a sensor interface 48 communicated between the seventh cavity 45 and the side wall; as shown in FIG. 1 , the lower end of the liquid level pressure sensor 41 extends to the vacuum well 01 The lower end and the upper end are connected to the sensor interface 48; as shown in FIG. 10, the voltage stabilization buffer unit 42 includes the area formed by the connecting head 44 and the seventh cavity 45, and the seventh cavity 45 is provided with a third diaphragm 46, The outer end of the third diaphragm 46 in the circumferential direction is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the seventh cavity 45, and the end surface is provided with through holes connecting the upper and lower ends of the third diaphragm 46; the kinetic energy conversion unit 43 includes the sixth cavity 106 and the second The area formed by the diaphragm 323.

In this embodiment, the structural principle of pipeline communication is as follows:

(1) The communication between the air inlet 15 and the air flow channel 14:

As shown in FIG. 11 , between the first middle casing 121 and the second middle casing 122, and between the second middle casing 122 and the third middle casing 123, there are arc-shaped gas flow channels. After entering, the air inlet 15 penetrates through the third middle casing 123 (point A as shown in Fig. 11 and Fig. 12 ), and flows between the two layers of gas flow passages (the two arc-shaped circulation paths in Fig. 11 ) , and then enter the first middle casing 121 (point B as shown in FIG. 11 and FIG. 12 ), the point B is connected to the air flow channel 14 , and the communication between the air inlet 15 and the air flow channel 14 is realized at this time. , the connection route is shown by the dotted line in Figure 11 and Figure 12 .

(2) The communication between the throttle passage 116 and the vacuum inlet 18:

As shown in FIG. 13 , a guide groove 1241 is formed on the lower end surface of the fourth middle casing 124 , and the two ends of the guide groove 1241 are point C and point D respectively. It communicates with the throttle channel 116, and penetrates through the fourth middle casing 124 at point D. As shown in FIG. 14, the lower end of the guide groove 1241 has a sealing strip 1242 with the same shape as the guide groove 1241; as shown in FIG. 15 As shown, the first middle casing 121, the second middle casing 122 and the third middle casing 123 are provided with a first vacuum flow channel that communicates with point D. The first middle casing 121, the second middle casing 121 and the second middle casing 122 and the upper ends of the third middle shell 123 are provided with a second vacuum flow channel that communicates with the vacuum inlet 18, and the upper end of the first middle shell 121 has an annular third vacuum flow channel, which is used to communicate with the first vacuum The flow channel and the second vacuum flow channel can finally realize the communication between the throttle channel 116 and the vacuum inlet and outlet 18 , and the communication route is shown by the dotted line in FIG. 15 .

In this embodiment, the working principle of each component is as follows:

(1) Control component 4:

a. Liquid level pressure sensor 41: When the liquid level in the vacuum well 01 reaches the high limit set by the liquid level pressure sensor 41, the automatic pneumatic control device starts to discharge sewage, and when the liquid level gradually decreases to the lowest point, If the air enters the liquid level pressure sensor 41, the kinetic energy conversion unit 43 involved in the following will be reset quickly. Since the liquid level pressure sensor 41 belongs to the prior art and is a kinetic energy conversion mode based on a diaphragm structure, the present invention will not change it. The detailed working principle is described in detail.

b. Voltage stabilization buffer unit 42: As shown in Figure 16, when the liquid level pressure sensor 41 reaches the low liquid level, the backflow of the accumulated water in the sewage suction pipeline impacts the liquid level pressure sensor 41 and causes a large fluctuation of the liquid level. The existence of the voltage stabilization buffer unit 42 can effectively reduce its sensitivity to air pressure fluctuations in the liquid level sensor.

c. Kinetic energy conversion unit 43: As shown in FIG. 16, the kinetic energy conversion unit 43 is composed of a second diaphragm 323, the upper part of which is connected to air, the lower part is connected to the liquid level pressure sensor 41 to control the pressure, and the second upper chamber 1061 is connected to air, The second lower chamber 1062 is connected to the control pressure; when the liquid level is at the lowest point, air enters the liquid level pressure sensor 41, and the kinetic energy conversion unit 43 is quickly reset.

d. Drainage working principle: the inlet and outlet of the kinetic energy conversion unit 43 are located below, and the third diaphragm 46 in the voltage stabilization buffer unit 42 is provided with a through hole, which can play a role in drainage, so the guide hole 47 below it can be used as much as possible. As a ventilation inlet and outlet, it can also be used as a drainage port, and the specific drainage path is shown by the dotted line in FIG. 16 .

(2) Power component 3:

In the non-working state: the kinetic energy conversion unit 43 is in the reset state, at this time the first air passage 115 and the second air passage 324 are not connected, the valve stem 321 is in the air normally closed mode, and the second return spring 322 is also in the reset state; At the same time, the gas in the fifth cavity 105 is discharged through the needle valve assembly 31; since the vacuum inlet and outlet 18 communicate with the throttle passage 116 and communicate with the fifth cavity 105, the fifth cavity 105 is in the open state at this time. In the vacuum state, the internal circulation route is shown by the dotted line in Fig. 17, and the throttling effect of the needle valve assembly 31 can realize the function of delaying reset and closing the executive assembly 2.

In the working state: the control pressure of the second lower chamber 1062 is greater than the air pressure of the second upper chamber 1061. As shown in FIG. 18, the valve stem 321 moves up, at this time the first air passage 115 and the second air passage 324 are connected, the air enters the second upper chamber 1061 from the air flow channel 14, enters the second air channel 324 through the first air channel 115, and finally enters the fifth cavity 105. At this time, the fifth cavity 105 is In a ventilated state, the internal circulation circuit is shown by the dotted line in Figure 18.

(3) Executive component 2:

As shown in FIG. 19 , which is a schematic diagram of the structure of the actuator, the figure shows the second cavity 102 , the third cavity 103 , the fourth cavity 104 and the fifth cavity 105 which are arranged in sequence from top to bottom. The valve core body 21 of the second cavity 102 , the third cavity 103 and the fourth cavity 104 , the first return spring 22 sleeved on the outside of the valve core body 21 , and the sealing pressure plate arranged in an integral structure with the valve core body 21 211, the first diaphragm 23 connected to the lower end of the valve core body, wherein the sealing pressure plate 211 is arranged in the third cavity 103, and the first diaphragm 23 is arranged between the fourth cavity 104 and the fifth cavity 105; Further, the fifth cavity 105 is communicated with an input port G01, and the input port G01 is subjected to the action of the power assembly 3 to realize intermittent communication between the vacuum and the air, that is, the vacuum is opened in the non-working state, and the air is opened in the working state; The cavity 103 is connected with the output port G02, namely the valve body air control interface 17; the second cavity 102 is connected with the air pipeline interface G03, namely the air inlet 15; the fourth cavity 104 is connected with the vacuum pipeline interface G04, namely the vacuum inlet and outlet 18.

In the non-working state: that is, the fifth cavity 105 is connected to a vacuum. Since the fifth cavity 105 is connected to the first lower chamber 1042, the first lower chamber 1042 is connected to a vacuum at this time, and the valve core body 21 is in the first return spring. Under the action of 22, the sealing pressure plate 211 is contacted and sealed with the upper end surface of the rubber sealing ring 24 in the third inner hole 113, so that the first upper chamber 1041 where the vacuum inlet 18 is located cannot communicate with the first upper chamber 1041 where the valve body air control interface 17 is located. At the same time, the air in the air channel 14 communicates with the third cavity 103 through the second cavity 102 and the through groove 212 on the side wall of the valve core body 21, thereby realizing air control between the air and the valve body. The interface 17 is connected, and the vacuum sewage valve connected to it is reset and closed at this time, as shown in FIG. 20 , which is an air circulation route map.

In the working state: that is, the fifth cavity 105 is open to air. Since the fifth cavity 105 is connected to the first lower chamber 1042, at this time the first lower chamber 1042 is open to air, and the first upper chamber 1041 and the first lower chamber 1042 are open to air. The chamber 1042 generates upward moving force due to the existence of the pressure difference. After the force overcomes the first return spring 22, the sealing pressure plate 211 contacts and seals the lower end surface of the rubber sealing ring 24 in the second inner hole 112, thereby causing the air The second cavity 102 cannot communicate with the third cavity 103 where the valve body air control interface 17 is located; at the same time, the first upper chamber 1041 where the vacuum inlet 18 is located is connected to the The three cavities 103 communicate with each other, and then communicate with the valve body air control interface 17. At this time, the vacuum sewage valve connected to it is opened to realize the discharge or circulation of sewage.

The working principle of water collection and drainage: It can be seen from the flow direction of the air flow in the working state that the air flow flows from top to bottom. Due to the bias of the valve body air control interface 17, the air flow from the valve body air control interface 17 is counterclockwise. direction into the third cavity 103 (counterclockwise with reference to FIG. 4 ), and gradually flow along the outer peripheral area to the middle area, thereby facilitating the emptying of the accumulated water in the cavity; because the lower end of the third inner hole 113 is provided with a The annular slot, as shown in FIG. 22 , allows the liquid to flow to the first upper chamber 1041 in the counterclockwise direction through the annular slot (the counterclockwise direction is based on the top view direction of the third middle shell 123 ), as shown in FIG. 23 As shown, the jet through the annular slot is projected to the radial and tangential directions in a clockwise direction (the clockwise direction is based on the downward direction of the third middle shell 123), and then along the first upper chamber 1041 The outer peripheral area is tangentially discharged to the vacuum inlet and outlet 18, and then enters the subsequent vacuum pipeline system, finally ensuring the discharge of condensed water vapor inside the device and in the air control chamber of the vacuum blowdown valve.

The above-mentioned embodiments are only intended to illustrate the technical concept and characteristics of the present invention, and the purpose thereof is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and implement them accordingly, and cannot limit the protection scope of the present invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above-described exemplary embodiments, but that the present invention can be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the present invention, so no matter where the From a point of view, the embodiments should be considered as exemplary and non-restrictive, the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description, and is therefore intended to fall within the meaning of the equivalents of the claims. All changes that come within the scope of and are intended to be embraced by the present invention and any reference signs in the claims shall not be construed as limiting the underlying claim.

Claims (6)

1. A fully automatic pneumatic control device is characterized in that: comprising a casing, an executive assembly and a power assembly installed in the casing, a control assembly that triggers the power assembly to drive the executive assembly to work; the executive assembly, the power assembly and the control assembly Distributed sequentially from top to bottom; the actuator assembly includes a valve core assembly for realizing air and vacuum on-off; the power assembly includes a needle valve assembly for realizing delayed closing and a spool valve assembly for realizing quick opening ; The control assembly includes a liquid level pressure sensor, a voltage stabilization buffer unit and a kinetic energy conversion unit. 2 . The fully automatic pneumatic control device according to claim 1 , wherein the casing comprises an upper casing, a middle casing and a lower casing arranged in sequence from top to bottom, and the middle casing The interior is provided with a first cavity, a second cavity, a third cavity, a fourth cavity, a fifth cavity and a sixth cavity which are connected in sequence from top to bottom. A first inner hole is arranged between the cavities, a second inner hole is arranged between the second cavity and the third cavity, and a third inner hole is arranged between the third cavity and the fourth cavity , a fourth inner hole is arranged between the fifth cavity and the sixth cavity, and the side of the fourth inner hole is provided with a first gas whose two ends are respectively communicated with the fourth inner hole and the sixth cavity The middle casing is also provided with an air flow channel, and the side wall is provided with an air inlet and valve body air interface communicated with the air flow channel, a valve body air control interface communicated with the third cavity, The vacuum inlet and outlet communicated with the fourth cavity, and the air flow channel is also communicated with the second cavity and the sixth cavity. 3 . The fully automatic pneumatic control device according to claim 2 , wherein the valve core assembly comprises a valve core body, a first return spring and a first diaphragm; the valve core body sequentially penetrates the first The inner hole, the second inner hole and the third inner hole extend into the first cavity, the second cavity, the third cavity and the fourth cavity, and the first inner hole, the second inner hole and the third cavity The inner wall of the inner hole is nested with a rubber sealing ring used to form a seal with the side wall of the valve core body; the valve core body in the third cavity is provided with a sealing pressure plate in an integrated structure, and the sealing pressure plate is located at the upper and lower ends of the pressure plate. A through groove is opened on the side wall of the valve core body; the first return spring is sleeved on the outer wall of the valve core body in the second cavity; the first diaphragm is set in the fourth cavity, and the middle part is connected to the valve core The lower end of the core body is fixedly connected, the outer end along the circumferential direction is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the fourth cavity, and the fourth cavity is divided into a first upper chamber and a first lower chamber. 4 . The fully automatic pneumatic control device according to claim 3 , wherein the side wall of the middle casing opposite to the fifth cavity is provided with a throttling channel that communicates with the fifth cavity, 5 . The throttling channel is communicated with the vacuum inlet and outlet; the needle valve assembly is nested and matched in the throttling channel, and includes a needle valve body extending into the fifth cavity and a needle valve body fixed on the side of the needle valve body away from the fifth cavity. Adjustment knob. 5 . The fully automatic pneumatic control device according to claim 4 , wherein the slide valve assembly comprises a valve stem, a second return spring and a second diaphragm; the valve stem is embedded in the fourth inner hole. 6 . The second air passage is connected between the side wall and the upper end face; the second return spring is arranged in the fourth inner hole on the upper end of the valve stem; the second diaphragm is arranged in the first In the six cavities, the middle part is fixedly connected with the lower end of the valve stem, the outer end along the circumferential direction is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the sixth cavity, and the sixth cavity is divided into a second upper chamber and a second lower chamber. 6 . The fully automatic pneumatic control device according to claim 5 , wherein a connecting head is fixed at the lower end of the lower casing, and a seventh space is provided between the upper end of the connecting head and the lower end surface of the lower casing. 7 . There is a guide hole between the seventh cavity and the sixth cavity, and a sensor interface communicated between the seventh cavity and the side wall; the liquid level pressure sensor is connected to the sensor interface. connection; the voltage stabilization buffer unit includes a connecting head and an area formed by a seventh cavity, a third diaphragm is arranged in the seventh cavity, and the outer end of the third diaphragm in the circumferential direction is connected to the seventh cavity. The inner wall of the cavity is fixedly connected, and the end face is provided with through holes connecting the upper and lower ends of the third diaphragm; the kinetic energy conversion unit includes the sixth cavity and the area formed by the second diaphragm.

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