CN111810703A - Full-automatic pneumatic control device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a full-automatic pneumatic control device, which comprises a shell, an execution component and a power component which are arranged in the shell, and a control component which triggers the power component to drive the execution component to work; the execution assembly, the power assembly and the control assembly are sequentially distributed from top to bottom; the execution assembly comprises a valve core assembly for realizing air and vacuum connection and disconnection; the power assembly comprises a needle valve assembly for realizing delayed closing and a slide valve assembly for realizing quick opening; the control assembly comprises a liquid level pressure sensor, a pressure stabilizing buffer unit and a kinetic energy conversion unit; the invention mainly comprises three core components, including an execution component, a power component and a control component, and can realize the compactness and reliability of the structural design; the space formed inside has active, reliable and effective water collecting and draining technology and structure, and reasonable flow pipeline inside, small resistance and high efficiency.

Description

Full-automatic pneumatic control device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of a vacuum sewage control system in a vacuum sewage continuous collection, temporary storage and periodic transportation system, wherein the vacuum sewage continuous collection, temporary storage and periodic transportation system belongs to a vacuum well, is provided with a temporary sewage collection device for periodic sewage discharge by adopting a vacuum sewage discharge valve, can convey sewage in the sewage collection device to a downstream vacuum collection pipeline network, and adopts a pressure difference driving control method, namely a pneumatic control method for control; the invention particularly relates to a full-automatic pneumatic control device for a vacuum blowdown valve control system in a vacuum well.

Background

In the technical field of vacuum domestic sewage collection, transportation and treatment, vacuum domestic sewage collection is the foremost technical field, and the technical application scenarios include: domestic sewage (such as black water represented by waste water sources such as urinals, toilets, and grey water represented by waste water sources such as kitchens, changing and bathing) from buildings (such as rural flats, cottages, buildings, cement houses, villas, and urban residential buildings, tall buildings, etc.) is transported to a remote sewage tank or vacuum collection transport piping system by means of pipes based on the principle of vacuum or negative pressure airflow transport force that draws air in at one end and discharges air at the other end.

A typical technical scheme for realizing the application scenario is to adopt a temporary sewage storage tank, wherein the sewage tank is provided with an inlet connected with a sewage port of a building, a sewage suction inlet connected with a vacuum sewage conveying pipeline (or a vacuum source, a vacuum sewage tank and the like), and a vacuum sewage valve (or a vacuum valve and a main valve) connecting the sewage suction inlet and the vacuum sewage conveying pipeline; the vacuum sewer valve has a control system or device, and the basic operation (or work) process of the vacuum sewer valve is that when the sewage level in the liquid storage tank reaches a first preset value (or called a high water level value), the controller applies vacuum force to the vacuum sewer valve to suck sewage away and empty the sewage until the sewage level in the sewage tank drops to another preset value (or a low water level value), the control system closes the vacuum sewer valve, and the system is defined as a vacuum sewage continuous collection, temporary storage and periodic conveying system, namely a vacuum collection well or a vacuum well.

Generally, in the field of liquid or sewage collection technology, it is known to collect liquid or sewage using vacuum technology; over the past 130 years, a great deal of foreign patent literature has been directed to these areas of subdivision, and despite the relatively short time of domestic technology accumulation, the development of vacuum waste valve control systems, and particularly differential pressure pneumatic controllers, has been very rapid in recent years; for the design at home and abroad, the design is generally divided into three main core components, namely an execution component, a control component and a power component, wherein:

(1) an execution component: the structure is similar to a two-position three-way reversing valve, wherein the two input interfaces are respectively connected with vacuum and air, the output is an interface and is connected with a vacuum blow-down valve;

at present, the diaphragm type reversing valve type structure for realizing the function mainly has two types, namely a corrugated diaphragm reset type structure with a spring above a diaphragm and a corrugated diaphragm reset type structure with a spring below the diaphragm; wherein, the corrugated diaphragm reset structure of the spring on the diaphragm can refer to the invention patent of Foreman et al, European Union patent No. EP0519523A2 (1992), U.S. patent No. US5069243 (1989), etc.; and Huisma et al, European Union patent No. EP0152386B1 (1984); the return type of bellows diaphragm with spring under diaphragm can be referred to in Foreman et al, 1981, U.S. Pat. No. 4,4373838 (1981); patent application by Featheringill et al, 1995, U.S. Pat. No. US5570715 (1995); john et al, 1976, U.S. Pat. No. US3998736 (1976), et al;

the prior art described above has the following drawbacks:

a. poor drainage effect in the chamber: for example, in the european patent EP0519523a2, the chamber has the problems of water accumulation and difficulty in water drainage, the suction port 38 is at the top of the chamber, and although the drain pipe 39 is particularly added to drain 40 the accumulated condensed water in the chamber, the groove of the corrugated diaphragm 38 is close to the inlet of the drain pipe 39 after the operation, so as to drain the water; similarly, the problem of poor drainage in the chamber is also found in US 4373838;

b. incomplete drainage in the chamber: for example, European Union patent No. EP0519523A2, the bellows diaphragm 38, after actuation, has its groove closely spaced to the inlet of the drain 39 to drain water; however, due to the too close distance, the end of the water discharge pipe 39 is adsorbed on the corrugated diaphragm 48 in the high-speed air suction process, so that the corrugated diaphragm cannot rise further, and further the function realization of the execution assembly and the switching between air and vacuum are affected, so that the gap is larger under the actual use condition, and further accumulated water can remain; while the output port 122 in US4373838 is communicated with the control chamber in each valve, and the vacuum port 96 is communicated with the interface 122 and only bent twice, which is a preferred scheme, but the controller is installed horizontally, that is, 96 and 122 are installed vertically, and there is a problem that the air in the 122 pipeline is condensed into condensed water by the impact of the airflow on the 114 valve core at the moment when the controller is closed, and the condensed water is mixed with impurities in the air, such as dust, and is attached to the sealing contact edge of the 114 valve core, which leads to poor sealing, and thus air leakage occurs;

c. vacuum was not rapidly introduced: for example, in european union patent No. EP0519523a2, the outlet 51 and the vacuum pipeline (the pipeline below the sealing ring 43) are bent for many times, and then reach the outlet 51 from the vacuum inlet (located on the side) of the pneumatic controller of the vacuum blowoff valve, and are turned for 4 times by 90 degrees, and as a result, the flow resistance of the gas pipeline is large, so that the air in the control chambers of the various valves communicated with the output ports cannot be discharged through the vacuum inlets rapidly and thoroughly; the output port 122 of the U.S. Pat. No. US4373838 is communicated with the control chambers of various valves, and the vacuum port 96 is communicated or communicated to the interface 122 to be bent for only two times, so that the working effect is further improved;

d. structural integration with other functional components cannot be achieved: for example, the water collecting and draining functional module or component (referred to as water collecting and draining component) in european patent No. EP0519523a2 is configured independently of the pneumatic controller, and occupies a larger area of the floor, and requires more components than the integrated component because more components such as mounting members, connectors, etc. are required; the vacuum port is positioned below the air port, so that the integrated design is not facilitated, as the water collecting and draining functions need a larger chamber, the internal height of the effective chamber is very important under the condition that the controller is inconvenient, and the air inlet is positioned above the vacuum port, so that the height of the water collecting and draining chamber is shortened, and the water collecting effect is reduced; the corrugated diaphragm valve core of the U.S. Pat. No. 4,4373838 is horizontally operated, and each chamber is horizontally arranged, so that the water collecting and draining part which collects condensed water intensively based on gravity cannot realize the function.

(2) A control component: the device is used for realizing the change of the volume of the related chamber under the control of the sensor so as to trigger the execution of the power device, and the basic functional technical requirements are sensitive reaction and reliable reset;

currently, the control assembly implementing this function comprises the following main parts: the device comprises a sensor, a voltage stabilizing buffer and a kinetic energy conversion unit; wherein, the sensor is designed based on the principle of the pressure change caused by the liquid level change; the pressure stabilizing buffer is used for preventing sudden change of air pressure caused by liquid level fluctuation from causing misoperation of the controller; the kinetic energy conversion unit is a part for converting liquid level pressure energy into displacement so as to provide a control signal for the power device;

because the working principles of the liquid level sensors are consistent, the kinetic energy conversion devices are also different in size and are all based on a diaphragm type structure; however, the details of many aspects are different, and the most representative techniques mainly have two structural types, namely the invention patent applied by Foreman et al, the invention patent applied by the invention patent of U.S. Pat. No. US5069243 (1989), the invention patent applied by Foreman et al, the invention patent applied by the invention patent;

the prior art described above has the following drawbacks:

a. the reliability and effectiveness of the drainage in the chamber are poor: for example, the liquid level controller in US5069243 has a top connection port, and has a problem that the connection pipeline needs to be bent once, so that the connection pipeline is bent and deformed in a long-time use process, and the stress of the joint 25 is increased, thereby causing damage; the raised pipeline joint is not beneficial to the backflow discharge of condensed water in the pipeline, which is a serious problem; more seriously, the condensate well in the chamber 29, through the damping orifice of the bellows diaphragm 30 and through the pipe 32, enters the chamber 33 and gradually accumulates; as the time of use continues and the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the vacuum well increases, the condensation water accumulation effect becomes more significant, and even more fatal, the accumulated condensation water cannot return or drain through the original path because the interface 25 is configured at the top, and the air pressure changes caused by the fluctuation of the liquid level in the liquid level sensor are not significant, especially in the presence of the corrugated diaphragm damping hole 30, thereby further aggravating the difficulty of draining the condensation water.

In the united states patent US4373838, which explores or changes the drainage problem to a certain extent, the condensed water in the chamber 78 can be drained out of the pipeline communicated with the liquid level sensor through the damping hole 118 at the lower end of the controller, and more importantly, the joint of the liquid level controller is horizontally configured, which is beneficial to draining the condensed water; condensed water in the chamber 79 enters the chamber 80 through the hole 88, and the condensed water in the two chambers can be discharged out of the controller under the action of the vacuum suction pipe 120; however, the holes 88 are not tangential at the very bottom of the chamber where the controller is horizontally disposed, but rather are located a little closer to the center, resulting in some condensation accumulating in the chamber 79; meanwhile, the vacuum suction pipe 120 in the chamber 80 is vertically arranged, and the vacuum suction speed is reduced under the action of the throttle valve 120, particularly the adsorption of the condensed water on the surface, particularly the bottom surface of the chamber, so that the accumulated condensed water cannot be thoroughly and effectively emptied;

b. the liquid level fluctuation pressure stabilization function reliability and effectiveness are poor: for example, the liquid level fluctuation pressure stabilization in US4373838 is realized by the damping hole 118, which is simple in structure but not good in effect, because the sudden increase of air pressure caused by the sudden increase of liquid level accelerates the ejection of air from the damping hole 118, and thus plays a certain pressure stabilization role in a certain pressure range, and the pressure increase and the pressure decrease have the same influence on the bellows diaphragm 86 and have opposite directions; the technical aim is that when the air pressure rises, the pressure stabilizing effect is good and needs to be slow and stable; when the air pressure is reduced, the speed is required to be fast and continuous, and the actual situation is that the speed is the same when the air pressure is reduced and when the air pressure is increased;

c. the structure of the throttling orifice is unreasonable: for example, in US4373838, different parts 118 are needed to deal with the difference of high liquid level difference of sewage tanks of different vacuum wells, and the parts are shaped and inconvenient to store, and the existence of small holes results in high mold opening cost.

(3) A power assembly: the vacuum and air intermittent connection is realized to the execution assembly under the control of the control assembly, the requirement of quick switching is met, and the vacuum and air intermittent connection is similar to a two-position two-way reversing valve or a two-position three-way reversing valve, wherein two input interfaces are respectively connected with vacuum and/or air, one output interface is connected with the input interface or the control interface of the execution assembly;

the power assembly mainly comprises a switch mechanism for switching on and off air or vacuum, a time delay closing mechanism and the like; wherein, the switch mechanism for switching on and off vacuum or air is a device which is indirectly triggered by a sensor from an actuating component and is driven by power for generating pressure difference; the energy-power conversion mechanism is a device which realizes the pressure difference between vacuum and atmosphere by a switch mechanism for switching on and off vacuum or air so as to be used as power to drive an execution assembly, thereby realizing the purpose of quick opening; the valve can adopt working principle structures such as a piston type slide valve structure or a diaphragm type slide valve structure, namely a two-position two-way reversing valve or a two-position three-way reversing valve; considering that the diaphragm type structure occupies large space, the piston type sliding valve has compact structure, and considering that the quick opening and delay closing mechanism adopts a needle valve to carry out delay adjustment on air, the energy-power conversion mechanism adopts a two-position two-way piston type sliding valve reversing valve, wherein the input is an interface which is connected with a vacuum pipeline, and the output interface is provided with one input interface or control interface which is connected with an execution assembly; the delayed closing mechanism is a mechanism for prolonging the closing time of the controller; the delay closing mechanism is used for closing the sewage after delaying for a period of time, is beneficial to effectively descending the liquid level in the vacuum collecting well to the lower limit position, and avoids the phenomenon that the descending distance of the liquid level is too small, so that the frequent on-off work of the vacuum collecting well is caused, the equipment is aged and accelerated, and the service life is shortened.

The most representative techniques in the prior art mainly include two structural types, namely the invention patent applied by Foreman et al, the invention patent applied by U.S. Pat. No. 5,5069243 (1989), Foreman et al, the invention patent applied by U.S. Pat. No. 4,4373838 (1981);

the prior art described above has the following drawbacks:

a. the sheet metal part has poor reliability: for example, in US5069243, there are two schemes for an on-off switch mechanism, which are a duckbill valve structure and a spring lever return force clamp structure, respectively, the duckbill valve structure is made of rubber parts, and although the structure is compact, the duckbill valve structure is easy to block or leak gas, so the environmental adaptability is poor; the spring lever return force clamp structure belongs to an integrated sheet metal part, although the sensitivity is high, the defects of easy rusting, influence of dirt on the sealing property and the like exist, and particularly under the condition that air with high humidity and dust enters the controller, the corrosion of parts is aggravated and the matching air tightness is damaged; the technical scheme of the on-off switch mechanism in the U.S. Pat. No. 4,4373838 is that a spring lever return force clamp structure is adopted, the structure is more complex, particularly, the spring lever return force clamp structure belongs to a hinge type sheet metal part, although the sensitivity is high, the defects that a rotating shaft is easy to wear and rust and the like exist, and particularly, under the condition that air with high humidity and dust enters the controller, the corrosion of parts is aggravated and the matching air tightness is damaged;

b. the water collecting and draining functions are unreliable: for example, in the structure scheme of the delay closing mechanism in the U.S. Pat. No. US5069243, a speed regulating needle valve is arranged on an air pipeline, and vacuum is switched on and off, and the structure scheme of the delay closing mechanism in the U.S. Pat. No. US4373838 is just opposite to the former, namely, the speed regulating needle valve is arranged on the vacuum pipeline, and air is switched on and off, because the vacuum pressure is influenced by many factors, such as pressure fluctuation at the upstream of the vacuum pipeline at the moment when the vacuum blowoff valve is switched on and off, and sewage backflow in a sewage suction pipe after the operation of the vacuum blowoff valve is finished and closed impacts a liquid level sensor to cause liquid level fluctuation, the control is more serious, and the overhead vacuum control pipeline joint is arranged at the top of the device and is close to the bottom of the.

Aiming at a series of problems in the prior art, such as: the invention discloses a full-automatic pneumatic control device, which solves the problems in the prior art and does not find a technical scheme which is the same as or similar to the technical scheme in the invention through retrieval.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to: the full-automatic pneumatic control device is provided to solve the problems that condensed water in the device in the prior art is difficult to discharge or is not thoroughly discharged, an internal pipeline is unreasonable in design, and the device is poor in functionality and reliability.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a full-automatic pneumatic control device comprises a shell, an execution component and a power component which are arranged in the shell, and a control component which triggers the power component to drive the execution component to work; the execution assembly, the power assembly and the control assembly are sequentially distributed from top to bottom; the execution assembly comprises a valve core assembly for realizing air and vacuum connection and disconnection; the power assembly comprises a needle valve assembly for realizing delayed closing and a slide valve assembly for realizing quick opening; the control assembly comprises a liquid level pressure sensor, a pressure stabilizing buffer unit and a kinetic energy conversion unit.

Preferably, the shell comprises an upper shell, a middle shell and a lower shell which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, a first cavity, a second cavity, a third cavity, a fourth cavity, a fifth cavity and a sixth cavity which are sequentially communicated from top to bottom are arranged in the middle shell, a first inner hole is arranged between the first cavity and the second cavity, a second inner hole is arranged between the second cavity and the third cavity, a third inner hole is arranged between the third cavity and the fourth cavity, a fourth inner hole is arranged between the fifth cavity and the sixth cavity, and a first gas passage with two ends respectively communicated with the fourth inner hole and the sixth cavity is arranged on the side edge of the fourth inner hole; an air flow channel is further arranged in the middle shell, an air inlet and a valve body air interface which are communicated with the air flow channel, a valve body air control interface which is communicated with the third cavity and a vacuum inlet and outlet which is communicated with the fourth cavity are arranged on the side wall of the middle shell, and the air flow channel is further communicated with the second cavity and the sixth cavity.

Preferably, the valve core assembly comprises a valve core body, a first return spring and a first diaphragm; the valve core body sequentially penetrates through the first inner hole, the second inner hole and the third inner hole and extends into the first cavity, the second cavity, the third cavity and the fourth cavity, and rubber sealing rings for forming sealing with the side wall of the valve core body are arranged on the inner walls of the first inner hole, the second inner hole and the third inner hole in a nested mode; a sealing pressure plate is integrally arranged on the valve core body in the third cavity, and through grooves are formed in the side walls of the valve core body at the upper end and the lower end of the sealing pressure plate; the first return spring is sleeved on the outer wall of the valve core body in the second cavity; the first diaphragm is arranged in the fourth cavity, the middle part of the first diaphragm is fixedly connected with the lower end part of the valve core body, the outer side end along the circumferential direction is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the fourth cavity, and the fourth cavity is divided into a first upper cavity and a first lower cavity.

Preferably, a throttling channel communicated with the fifth cavity is arranged on the side wall of the middle shell opposite to the fifth cavity, and the throttling channel is communicated with the vacuum inlet and the vacuum outlet; the needle valve assembly is nested and matched in the throttling channel and comprises a needle valve body extending into the fifth cavity and an adjusting knob fixed on one side, far away from the fifth cavity, of the needle valve body.

Preferably, the slide valve assembly comprises a valve rod, a second return spring and a second diaphragm; the valve rod is nested and in sliding fit with the fourth inner hole, and a second air path channel communicated with the side wall and the upper end face is arranged between the side wall and the upper end face; the second return spring is arranged in a fourth inner hole at the upper end of the valve rod; the second diaphragm is arranged in the sixth cavity, the middle of the second diaphragm is fixedly connected with the lower end part of the valve rod, the outer side end along the circumferential direction is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the sixth cavity, and the sixth cavity is divided into a second upper cavity and a second lower cavity.

Preferably, a connector is fixed at the lower end of the lower shell, a seventh cavity is arranged between the upper end of the connector and the lower end face of the lower shell, a flow guide hole is arranged between the seventh cavity and the sixth cavity, and a sensor interface communicated with the seventh cavity and the side wall is arranged between the seventh cavity and the side wall; the liquid level pressure sensor is connected with the sensor interface; the pressure stabilizing buffer unit comprises a connector and an area formed by a seventh cavity, a third membrane is arranged in the seventh cavity, the outer side end of the third membrane along the circumferential direction is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the seventh cavity, and a through hole communicated with the upper end and the lower end of the third membrane is arranged on the end surface; the kinetic energy conversion unit comprises a sixth cavity and an area formed by the second diaphragm.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:

(1) the invention mainly comprises three core components, including an execution component, a power component and a control component, and can realize the compactness and reliability of the structural design; the space formed inside has active, reliable and effective water collecting and draining technology and structure, and reasonable flow pipeline inside, small resistance and high efficiency.

(2) The execution assembly is used for continuously and intermittently communicating vacuum and air to the valve body pneumatic control interface, so that the valve body pneumatic control interface finally meets the requirement of intermittently and sequentially communicating vacuum and air, and the valve is similar to a two-position three-way reversing valve; simultaneously, the third middle shell which is connected with the third middle shell in a matched mode can realize vortex-shaped inflow and jet-shaped outflow of air flow, and is convenient for discharging condensed water vapor inside the structure, so that the water collecting and draining functions can be effectively realized, the structure combination of the execution assembly and the water collecting and draining functional part is realized, the function integration is realized, and the independent configuration is avoided.

(3) The power assembly is used for realizing intermittent connection of vacuum and air to the execution assembly and meeting the requirement of quick switching.

(4) The control assembly is used for realizing the volume change of a second upper cavity and a second lower cavity in the device under the control of the liquid level pressure sensor, and further triggering the power assembly to drive the execution assembly to work, and the control assembly has a reliable liquid level fluctuation and pressure stabilization function, namely a third membrane with a through hole is adopted, so that the pressure stabilization during the pressure boosting can be realized, and the pressure can be quickly relieved during the pressure reducing; meanwhile, the sensor interface is positioned at the bottom of the full-automatic pneumatic control device, and water vapor condensed in the sixth cavity can be discharged along the flow guide hole, the through hole and the sensor interface in sequence, so that the water collecting and draining functions are effectively realized; and the through hole on the third diaphragm plays the drainage effect, plays the effect of ventilating again, has also realized function integration, and the reliability is high.

Drawings

The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and examples:

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a fully automatic pneumatic control apparatus of the present invention installed in a vacuum well;

FIG. 2 is a front view, partially in section, of a fully automatic pneumatic control apparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a front view, partially in section, of the housing of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a top view of a third middle housing according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is an installed cross-sectional front view of the actuator/spool assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of the valve cartridge body according to the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a front view, in cross-section, of the power assembly of the present invention installed;

fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of the upper end of the deflector ring according to the present invention;

fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of the lower end of the deflector ring according to the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a partial cross-sectional structural view of the control assembly of the present invention;

fig. 11 is an exploded side sectional view and an air flow diagram of 1/4 of the first, second and third middle shells according to the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the communication between the air inlet and the air flow passage according to the present invention;

FIG. 13 is a schematic bottom view of a fourth middle housing according to the present invention;

FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view of 1/2 of the shell and a structural diagram of a sealing strip in the fourth embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 15 is a circuit diagram of the communication of the throttling passage with the vacuum inlet and outlet according to the present invention;

FIG. 16 is a schematic view of the drain within the control assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view of the power assembly of the present invention shown in a non-operating condition;

FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional view of the power assembly of the present invention in an operational state;

FIG. 19 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the actuator assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 20 is a cross-sectional view of the actuator assembly of the present invention shown in a non-operative position;

FIG. 21 is a cross-sectional view of the actuator assembly of the present invention in an operative condition;

FIG. 22 is a view showing a flow path of water discharged from the upper end portion of the third middle case according to the present invention;

fig. 23 is a flow path diagram of the third middle shell according to the present invention when water is drained from the lower end portion thereof.

Wherein: 01. a vacuum well 02, a full-automatic pneumatic control device;

1. a housing;

11. the air-conditioning valve comprises an upper shell, a middle shell, a lower shell, a valve body air interface, a valve body air control interface, a vacuum inlet and a vacuum outlet, wherein the upper shell is 12, the middle shell is 13, the lower shell is 14, an air flow channel is 15, the air inlet is 16, the valve body air interface is 17, and the vacuum inlet and the vacuum outlet are 18;

101. a first cavity, 102, a second cavity, 103, a third cavity, 104, a fourth cavity, 1041, a first upper chamber, 1042, a first lower chamber, 105, a fifth cavity, 106, a sixth cavity, 1061, a second upper chamber, 1062, a second lower chamber;

111. a first inner hole 112, a second inner hole 113, a third inner hole 114, a fourth inner hole 115, a first gas passage 116, and a throttling passage;

121. a first middle shell, 122, a second middle shell, 123, a third middle shell, 124, a fourth middle shell, 125, a fifth middle shell;

1241. a flow guide groove, 1242 and a sealing strip,

2. an execution component;

21. the valve core comprises a valve core body 211, a sealing pressure plate 212, a through groove 22, a first return spring 23, a first diaphragm 24 and a rubber sealing ring;

3. a power assembly;

31. the needle valve assembly 311, the needle valve body 312, the adjusting knob 313, the guide ring 314, the drainage groove 315 and the concave cavity;

32. the sliding valve assembly 321, the valve rod 322, the second return spring 323, the second diaphragm 324 and the second air channel;

4. a control component;

41. the liquid level pressure sensor 42, the pressure stabilizing buffer unit 43, the kinetic energy conversion unit 44, the connector 45, the seventh cavity 46, the third membrane 47, the flow guide hole 48 and the sensor interface;

g01, input port, G02, output port, G03, air pipeline interface, G04 and vacuum pipeline interface.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the following specific examples:

as shown in fig. 1, a fully automatic pneumatic control device is used for being installed in a vacuum well 01 and conveying sewage in the vacuum well 01 to a downstream vacuum collection pipeline network, and is a component marked as "02" in fig. 1, as shown in fig. 2, the fully automatic pneumatic control device structurally comprises a shell 1, an execution component 2 and a power component 3 which are installed in the shell 1, and a control component 4 which triggers the power component 3 to drive the execution component 2 to work; the execution component 2, the power component 3 and the control component 4 are distributed from top to bottom in sequence.

As shown in fig. 3, the casing 1 includes an upper casing 11, a middle casing 12 and a lower casing 13, which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, and in order to facilitate processing of each space inside the middle casing 12, the middle casing 12 is designed as a first middle casing 121, a second middle casing 122, a third middle casing 123, a fourth middle casing 124 and a fifth middle casing 125, which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom; a first cavity 101, a second cavity 102, a third cavity 103, a fourth cavity 104, a fifth cavity 105 and a sixth cavity 106 which are communicated with each other from top to bottom are arranged in the middle shell 12; wherein the first cavity 101 is disposed inside the first middle case 121; the second cavity 102 is arranged inside the second middle shell 122, and a first inner hole 111 is arranged between the second cavity and the first cavity 101; the third cavity 103 and the fourth cavity 104 are arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the third middle shell 123, a second inner hole 112 is arranged between the third cavity 103 and the second cavity 102, and a third inner hole 113 is arranged between the third cavity 103 and the fourth cavity 104; the fifth cavity 105 is arranged inside the fourth middle shell 124, and a throttling channel 116 communicated with the side wall of the fourth middle shell 124 is also arranged between the fifth cavity and the side wall; the sixth cavity 106 is arranged at the lower end part of the fifth middle shell 125, a fourth inner hole 114 is arranged between the sixth cavity 105 and the sixth cavity 106, and a first air passage 115 with two ends respectively communicated with the fourth inner hole 114 and the sixth cavity 106 is arranged on the side edge of the fourth inner hole 114; the middle shell 12 is further provided with an air flow passage 14 inside, and the air flow passage 14 sequentially penetrates through the first middle shell 121, the second middle shell 122, the third middle shell 123, the fourth middle shell 124 and the fifth middle shell 125, and is communicated with the second cavity 102 and the sixth cavity 106.

An air inlet 15, a valve body air interface 16, a valve body air control interface 17 and a vacuum inlet and outlet 18 are arranged on the side wall of the middle shell 12, wherein the air inlet 15 is arranged at the side wall of the fourth middle shell 124 and is communicated with the air flow channel 14, and the detailed communication principle refers to the communication between the air inlet 15 and the air flow channel 14 in the following text; the valve body air interface 16 is arranged at the side wall of the first middle shell 121, is used for connecting with the vacuum blow-off valve and is communicated with the air flow channel 14; as shown in fig. 4, the valve body pneumatic control interface 17 and the vacuum inlet/outlet 18 are disposed on the third middle housing 123, the valve body pneumatic control interface 17 is communicated with the third cavity 103, and the vacuum inlet/outlet 18 is communicated with the fourth cavity 104.

The main function of the execution component 2 is to realize the continuous and intermittent connection of vacuum and air to the output port, namely, the valve body pneumatic control interface 17, so that the output port finally realizes the requirement of intermittent and sequential connection of vacuum and air, and the valve is similar to a two-position three-way reversing valve; as shown in fig. 5, the structure of the valve core assembly comprises a valve core assembly for realizing air and vacuum switching; the valve core assembly comprises a valve core body 21, a first return spring 22 and a first diaphragm 23; the valve core body 21 sequentially penetrates through a first inner hole 111, a second inner hole 112 and a third inner hole 113 and extends into the first cavity 101, the second cavity 102, the third cavity 103 and the fourth cavity 104, and rubber sealing rings 24 used for forming sealing with the side wall of the valve core body 21 are respectively nested on the inner walls of the first inner hole 111, the second inner hole 112 and the third inner hole 113; a sealing pressure plate 211 is integrally arranged on the valve core body 21 in the third cavity 103, and as shown in fig. 6, through grooves 212 are formed on the side walls of the valve core body 21 at the upper and lower ends of the sealing pressure plate 211; the first return spring 22 is sleeved on the outer wall of the valve core body 21 in the second cavity 102; the first diaphragm 23 is disposed in the fourth cavity 104, the middle portion of the first diaphragm is fixedly connected to the lower end portion of the valve core body 21, the outer end along the circumferential direction is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the fourth cavity 104, and the fourth cavity 104 is divided into a first upper chamber 1041 and a first lower chamber 1042, wherein the middle portion of the first diaphragm 23 is fixed in the following manner: the lower end of the valve core body 21 is fixedly connected with a pair of connecting plates through locking screws, and the middle end of the first membrane 23 is fixed between the pair of connecting plates; the outer end of the first diaphragm 23 is fixed in the following manner: the outer end of the first diaphragm 23 is annularly provided with a protrusion, and is nested and clamped between the third middle shell 123 and the fourth middle shell 124.

The main function of the power component 3 is to realize that vacuum and air are intermittently communicated to the execution component 2 under the control of the control component 4, so as to meet the requirement of quick switching, and the power component is similar to a two-position two-way reversing valve or a two-position three-way reversing valve; as shown in fig. 7, the structure comprises a needle valve assembly 31 for realizing time delay closing and a slide valve assembly 32 for realizing quick opening; the needle valve assembly 31 is nested and matched in the throttling channel 116, and comprises a needle valve body 311 extending into the fifth cavity 105 and an adjusting knob 312 fixed on one side of the needle valve body 311 far away from the fifth cavity 105, and the lower end of the inner side of the fifth cavity 105 is also provided with a flow guide ring 313, as shown in fig. 8 and 9, the lower end surface of the flow guide ring 313 is provided with a recessed cavity 315 which is annularly arranged, the upper end part of the flow guide ring is uniformly provided with a plurality of flow guide grooves 314 which extend into the recessed cavity from the upper end surface in an arc shape, wherein the recessed cavity 315 is communicated with the throttling; the throttle passage 116 communicates with the vacuum inlet/outlet 18, and the detailed communication principle refers to "communication of the throttle passage 116 with the vacuum inlet/outlet 18" below; the spool valve assembly 32 includes a valve stem 321, a second return spring 322, and a second diaphragm 323; the valve rod 321 is nested and in sliding fit with the fourth inner hole 114, and a second air channel 324 communicated with the side wall and the upper end face is arranged between the side wall and the upper end face; the second return spring 322 is arranged in the fourth inner hole 114 at the upper end of the valve rod 321; the second diaphragm 323 is disposed in the sixth cavity 106, the middle portion of the second diaphragm is fixedly connected to the lower end portion of the valve rod 321, the outer end of the second diaphragm along the circumferential direction is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sixth cavity 106, and the sixth cavity 106 is divided into a second upper chamber 1061 and a second lower chamber 1062.

The control component 4 comprises a liquid level pressure sensor 41, a pressure stabilizing buffer unit 42 and a kinetic energy conversion unit 43, and mainly has the functions of changing the volume of the related space inside under the control of the liquid level pressure sensor 41, further triggering the power component 3 to work, and finally driving the execution component 2 to complete the action; as shown in fig. 10, a connector 44 is fixed at the lower end of the lower housing 13, a seventh cavity 45 is arranged between the upper end of the connector 44 and the lower end surface of the lower housing 13, a flow guide hole 47 is arranged between the seventh cavity 45 and the sixth cavity 106, and a sensor interface 48 communicated with the seventh cavity 45 and the side wall is arranged between the seventh cavity 45 and the side wall; as shown in fig. 1, the lower end of the liquid level pressure sensor 41 extends to the lower end of the vacuum well 01, and the upper end is connected with the sensor interface 48; as shown in fig. 10, the voltage-stabilizing buffer unit 42 includes a region formed by a connector 44 and a seventh cavity 45, a third diaphragm 46 is disposed in the seventh cavity 45, an outer end of the third diaphragm 46 along the circumferential direction is fixedly connected with an inner wall of the seventh cavity 45, and a through hole communicating the upper end and the lower end of the third diaphragm 46 is disposed on an end surface; the kinetic energy conversion unit 43 includes a sixth cavity 106 and a region where the second diaphragm 323 is formed.

In this embodiment, the structure principle of the pipeline communication is as follows:

(1) communication of the air inlet 15 with the air flow passage 14:

as shown in fig. 11, the gas flow passages arranged in an arc shape are provided between the first middle casing 121 and the second middle casing 122, and between the second middle casing 122 and the third middle casing 123, when the air enters from the air inlet 15, passes through the third middle casing 123 (point a shown in fig. 11 and 12), enters between two layers of gas flow passages for circulation (two arc-shaped flow passage lines shown in fig. 11), and then enters into the first middle casing 121 (point B shown in fig. 11 and 12), the point B is communicated with the air flow passage 14, and at this time, the communication between the air inlet 15 and the air flow passage 14 is realized, and the communication lines are shown by broken lines in fig. 11 and 12.

(2) Communication of the throttle passage 116 with the vacuum port 18:

as shown in fig. 13, the lower end surface of the fourth middle casing 124 has a guiding groove 1241, two ends of the guiding groove 1241 are respectively a point C and a point D, wherein the point C is located at one side of the deflection passage 116 and is communicated with the deflection passage 116, and the point D penetrates through the fourth middle casing 124, as shown in fig. 14, the lower end of the guiding groove 1241 has a sealing strip 1242 with the same shape as the guiding groove 1241; as shown in fig. 15, a first vacuum flow passage communicated with a point D is disposed inside the first middle casing 121, the second middle casing 122 and the third middle casing 123, a second vacuum flow passage communicated with the vacuum inlet/outlet 18 is disposed inside the upper end of the first middle casing 121, the second middle casing 122 and the third middle casing 123, and an annular third vacuum flow passage is disposed at the upper end of the first middle casing 121 and is used for communicating the first vacuum flow passage and the second vacuum flow passage, so that the communication between the throttling passage 116 and the vacuum inlet/outlet 18 can be realized finally, and the communication line is shown by a dotted line in fig. 15.

In this embodiment, the working principle of each component is as follows:

(1) the control component 4:

a. liquid level pressure sensor 41: when the liquid level in the vacuum well 01 reaches the high limit set by the liquid level pressure sensor 41, the full-automatic pneumatic control device starts to perform sewage discharge work, when the liquid level gradually decreases to the lowest point, air enters the liquid level pressure sensor 41, and the kinetic energy conversion unit 43 related below is rapidly reset.

b. Voltage stabilization buffer unit 42: as shown in fig. 16, when the liquid level pressure sensor 41 reaches a low liquid level, the accumulated water in the sewage suction pipeline flows back to impact the liquid level pressure sensor 41 to cause large fluctuation of the liquid level, and the existence of the pressure stabilizing buffer unit 42 can effectively reduce the sensitivity of the pressure stabilizing buffer unit to the air pressure fluctuation in the liquid level sensor.

c. Kinetic energy conversion unit 43: as shown in fig. 16, the kinetic energy conversion unit 43 is composed of the second diaphragm 323, the upper part of which is communicated with air, the lower part of which is communicated with the liquid level pressure sensor 41 to control pressure, and the second upper chamber 1061 is communicated with air, and the second lower chamber 1062 is communicated with control pressure; when the liquid level is the lowest point, air enters the liquid level pressure sensor 41, and the kinetic energy conversion unit 43 is rapidly reset.

d. The drainage working principle is as follows: the inlet and outlet of the kinetic energy conversion unit 43 are located at the lower part, and the third membrane 46 in the pressure stabilizing buffer unit 42 is provided with a through hole for draining water, so that the flow guide hole 47 at the lower part can be used as an air inlet and outlet as well as a water outlet, and the specific drainage path is shown by a dotted line in fig. 16.

(2) The power assembly 3:

in the non-working state: the kinetic energy conversion unit 43 is in a reset state, at this time, the first air passage 115 and the second air passage 324 are not communicated, the valve rod 321 is in an air normally closed mode, and the second return spring 322 is also in a reset state; meanwhile, the gas in the fifth cavity 105 is exhausted after passing through the needle valve assembly 31; since the vacuum inlet/outlet port 18 is in communication with the throttle passage 116 and with the fifth cavity 105, the fifth cavity 105 is in a vacuum state, the internal flow path is shown by the dashed line in fig. 17, and the throttling effect of the needle assembly 31 is to achieve the function of closing the actuator assembly 2 with a delayed return.

Under the working state: the control pressure of the second lower chamber 1062 is greater than the air pressure of the second upper chamber 1061, as shown in fig. 18, the valve rod 321 moves upward, at this time, the first air passage 115 and the second air passage 324 are communicated, air enters the second upper chamber 1061 from the air flow passage 14, enters the second air passage 324 through the first air passage 115, and finally enters the fifth cavity 105, at this time, the fifth cavity 105 is in an air-through state, and the internal circulation line is shown by a dotted line in fig. 18.

(3) The execution component 2:

as shown in fig. 19, which is a schematic structural diagram of an actuator assembly, the schematic structural diagram includes a second cavity 102, a third cavity 103, a fourth cavity 104, and a fifth cavity 105, which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, a valve core body 21 penetrating through the second cavity 102, the third cavity 103, and the fourth cavity 104, a first return spring 22 sleeved outside the valve core body 21, a sealing pressure plate 211 integrally arranged with the valve core body 21, and a first diaphragm 23 connected to a lower end of the valve core body, wherein the sealing pressure plate 211 is arranged in the third cavity 103, and the first diaphragm 23 is arranged between the fourth cavity 104 and the fifth cavity 105; furthermore, the fifth cavity 105 is communicated with an input port G01, the input port G01 is acted by the power assembly 3 to realize intermittent communication between vacuum and air, that is, vacuum is introduced in a non-working state, and air is introduced in a working state; the third cavity 103 is communicated with an output port G02, namely a valve body pneumatic control interface 17; the second cavity 102 is in communication with an air line interface G03, namely air inlet 15; the fourth cavity 104 communicates with a vacuum line connection G04, i.e., the vacuum port 18.

In the non-working state: namely, the fifth cavity 105 is vacuumized, because the fifth cavity 105 is communicated with the first lower cavity 1042, at this time, the first lower cavity 1042 is vacuumized, and the valve core body 21 makes the sealing pressure plate 211 contact and seal with the upper end surface of the rubber sealing ring 24 in the third inner hole 113 under the action of the first return spring 22, so that the first upper cavity 1041 where the vacuum inlet/outlet 18 is located cannot be communicated with the third cavity 103 where the valve body pneumatic control interface 17 is located; meanwhile, the air in the air flow passage 14 is communicated with the third cavity 103 through the second cavity 102 and the through groove 212 on the side wall of the valve core body 21, so that the air is communicated with the valve body pneumatic control interface 17, and at this time, the vacuum blowoff valve connected with the air flow passage is reset and closed, as shown in fig. 20, which is an air flow route diagram.

Under the working state: that is, the fifth cavity 105 is filled with air, because the fifth cavity 105 is communicated with the first lower cavity 1042, the first lower cavity 1042 is filled with air, the first upper cavity 1041 and the first lower cavity 1042 generate an upward moving force due to the existence of pressure difference, and after the force overcomes the first return spring 22, the sealing pressure plate 211 is in contact with and seals the lower end surface of the rubber sealing ring 24 in the second inner hole 112, so that the second cavity 102 where the air is located cannot be communicated with the third cavity 103 where the valve body pneumatic control interface 17 is located; meanwhile, the first upper chamber 1041 where the vacuum inlet/outlet 18 is located is communicated with the third cavity 103 through the through groove 212 on the side wall of the valve core body 21, and further communicated with the valve body pneumatic control interface 17, and at this time, the vacuum blowoff valve connected therewith is opened, so as to realize the discharge or circulation of sewage, as shown in fig. 21, which is a vacuum circulation line diagram.

The working principle of water collection and drainage is as follows: the air flow direction in the working state can be known, the air flow flows from top to bottom, and due to the reason that the valve body air control interface 17 is arranged obliquely, the air flow from the valve body air control interface 17 enters the third cavity 103 in the anticlockwise direction (the anticlockwise direction is referred to by the figure 4), and gradually flows to the middle area along the peripheral area, so that the accumulated water in the cavity can be drained conveniently; because the lower end of the third inner hole 113 is provided with the annular notch, as shown in fig. 22, the liquid is made to flow to the first upper chamber 1041 through the annular notch along the counterclockwise direction (the counterclockwise direction is referred to the top view direction of the third middle housing 123), as shown in fig. 23, the liquid is thrown in the clockwise direction (the clockwise direction is referred to the bottom view direction of the third middle housing 123) along the radial direction and the tangential direction by the jet flow action of the annular notch, and then is discharged to the vacuum outlet 18 along the peripheral region of the first upper chamber 1041 through the tangential direction, and further enters the subsequent vacuum pipeline system, and finally, the discharge of condensed water vapor in the interior of the device and the air control chamber in the vacuum blowoff valve is ensured.

The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical ideas and features of the present invention, and the purpose of the embodiments is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and implement the present invention, and not to limit the protection scope of the present invention. It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof, and it is therefore desired that the present embodiments be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein, without any reference thereto being construed as limiting the claim concerned.

Claims (6)

1. A full-automatic pneumatic control device is characterized in that: the device comprises a shell, an execution component and a power component which are arranged in the shell, and a control component which triggers the power component to drive the execution component to work; the execution assembly, the power assembly and the control assembly are sequentially distributed from top to bottom; the execution assembly comprises a valve core assembly for realizing air and vacuum connection and disconnection; the power assembly comprises a needle valve assembly for realizing delayed closing and a slide valve assembly for realizing quick opening; the control assembly comprises a liquid level pressure sensor, a pressure stabilizing buffer unit and a kinetic energy conversion unit.

2. A full-automatic pneumatic control apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: the shell comprises an upper shell, a middle shell and a lower shell which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, a first cavity, a second cavity, a third cavity, a fourth cavity, a fifth cavity and a sixth cavity which are sequentially communicated from top to bottom are arranged in the middle shell, a first inner hole is arranged between the first cavity and the second cavity, a second inner hole is arranged between the second cavity and the third cavity, a third inner hole is arranged between the third cavity and the fourth cavity, a fourth inner hole is arranged between the fifth cavity and the sixth cavity, and a first air channel with two ends respectively communicated with the fourth inner hole and the sixth cavity is arranged on the side edge of the fourth inner hole; an air flow channel is further arranged in the middle shell, an air inlet and a valve body air interface which are communicated with the air flow channel, a valve body air control interface which is communicated with the third cavity and a vacuum inlet and outlet which is communicated with the fourth cavity are arranged on the side wall of the middle shell, and the air flow channel is further communicated with the second cavity and the sixth cavity.

3. A full-automatic pneumatic control apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that: the valve core assembly comprises a valve core body, a first return spring and a first diaphragm; the valve core body sequentially penetrates through the first inner hole, the second inner hole and the third inner hole and extends into the first cavity, the second cavity, the third cavity and the fourth cavity, and rubber sealing rings for forming sealing with the side wall of the valve core body are arranged on the inner walls of the first inner hole, the second inner hole and the third inner hole in a nested mode; a sealing pressure plate is integrally arranged on the valve core body in the third cavity, and through grooves are formed in the side walls of the valve core body at the upper end and the lower end of the sealing pressure plate; the first return spring is sleeved on the outer wall of the valve core body in the second cavity; the first diaphragm is arranged in the fourth cavity, the middle part of the first diaphragm is fixedly connected with the lower end part of the valve core body, the outer side end along the circumferential direction is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the fourth cavity, and the fourth cavity is divided into a first upper cavity and a first lower cavity.

4. A full-automatic pneumatic control apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that: a throttling channel communicated with the fifth cavity is arranged on the side wall of the middle shell opposite to the fifth cavity and is communicated with the vacuum inlet and outlet; the needle valve assembly is nested and matched in the throttling channel and comprises a needle valve body extending into the fifth cavity and an adjusting knob fixed on one side, far away from the fifth cavity, of the needle valve body.

5. A full-automatic pneumatic control apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that: the sliding valve assembly comprises a valve rod, a second return spring and a second diaphragm; the valve rod is nested and in sliding fit with the fourth inner hole, and a second air path channel communicated with the side wall and the upper end face is arranged between the side wall and the upper end face; the second return spring is arranged in a fourth inner hole at the upper end of the valve rod; the second diaphragm is arranged in the sixth cavity, the middle of the second diaphragm is fixedly connected with the lower end part of the valve rod, the outer side end along the circumferential direction is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the sixth cavity, and the sixth cavity is divided into a second upper cavity and a second lower cavity.

6. A full-automatic pneumatic control apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that: a connector is fixed at the lower end of the lower shell, a seventh cavity is arranged between the upper end of the connector and the lower end face of the lower shell, a flow guide hole is arranged between the seventh cavity and the sixth cavity, and a sensor interface communicated with the side wall is arranged between the seventh cavity and the side wall; the liquid level pressure sensor is connected with the sensor interface; the pressure stabilizing buffer unit comprises a connector and an area formed by a seventh cavity, a third membrane is arranged in the seventh cavity, the outer side end of the third membrane along the circumferential direction is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the seventh cavity, and a through hole communicated with the upper end and the lower end of the third membrane is arranged on the end surface; the kinetic energy conversion unit comprises a sixth cavity and an area formed by the second diaphragm.

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