CN111808891A - Method for producing biogas through anaerobic fermentation based on material composition - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for producing biogas by anaerobic fermentation based on material composition, which belongs to the field of anaerobic fermentation, and the method comprises the steps of firstly measuring the content of main components of a material to be fermented, carrying out batch test according to the proportion of corresponding pure medicines, analyzing the accumulated gas production and the daily gas production curve variation trend, carrying out staging on the anaerobic fermentation process of the actual fermented material, then carrying out pretreatment on the original fermented material, compounding an anaerobic fermentation strain and a buffer solution, and then mixing and fermenting; the method combines the specificity of the self composition of the materials, takes the high-efficiency methane production as a starting point, and carries out staging on the fermentation process, so that the method can produce methane more efficiently, and greatly shortens the methane production period.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of anaerobic fermentation, in particular to a method for producing biogas by anaerobic fermentation based on material composition.
Background
The biogas is mainly produced by using organic matters such as animal wastes, straws, industrial organic wastes, municipal domestic wastes and the like through a microbial anaerobic digestion technology, and the main component methane in the produced biogas accounts for 40-80% of the total amount of the biogas. The complete combustion of methane per cubic meter is equivalent to the heat generated by the combustion of 0.7kg of standard coal, so the methane is an important renewable biomass energy source.
Organic solid wasteThe utilization mode mainly comprises various technologies such as curing molding, thermochemical conversion, anaerobic digestion and the like, wherein the anaerobic digestion technology mainly utilizes anaerobic microorganisms to convert the anaerobic microorganisms into CH4、CO2Or H2。CH4Has higher combustion heat value (802.3kJ/mol) and is an ideal energy source substance. Because the environment can be purified while clean energy is produced, and the digestion residues can also be used as organic fertilizers, the three benefits of energy, environmental protection and ecology are achieved, the anaerobic digestion is a sustainable environment-friendly technology. The advantages of anaerobic digestion also include the reduction of waste odors, pathogens, while organic matter, plant nutrients, and valuable nutrients that can be recovered are concentrated in the digestate and can be further utilized.
With the advent of the second generation anaerobic reactor represented by the flow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) and the third generation anaerobic reactor represented by the Expanded Granular Sludge Blanket (EGSB), the Organic Load (OLR) of anaerobic treatment of sewage increased to 50kg COD (m COD)3·d)-1Even 100kg COD (m)3·d)-1In the above, the anaerobic technology has made a great effort in the field of sewage treatment, and the anaerobic theory is relatively perfected day by day, but the progress of the anaerobic technology in the field of organic solid wastes is still slow. The organic solid waste has many technical problems in the anaerobic fermentation process due to the complex structure, and the development of a reactor for the organic solid waste is relatively lagged. Taking lignocellulosic biomass as an example, if the volumetric yield of decomposition of lignocellulosic biomass is measured as the rate of production of Volatile Fatty Acids (VFA) (COD (V.t))-1) It shows that the traditional anaerobic methane tank only has 6g (L.d)-1. In order to further improve the efficiency of anaerobic fermentation of organic solid wastes, it is required to develop a high load anaerobic process suitable for organic solid wastes.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for producing biogas by anaerobic fermentation based on material composition, which aims to solve the problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
the invention provides a method for producing biogas by anaerobic fermentation based on material composition, which comprises the following steps:
(1) taking a material to be fermented, measuring the content of main components of the fermented material, selecting a corresponding pure medicine ratio according to the measured components and content, obtaining a fermentation simulation material with the same components and content as the original fermented material, performing anaerobic digestion biogas production batch test, and analyzing the accumulated biogas production and daily biogas production curve variation trend;
(2) analyzing an anaerobic biological conversion gas production rising stage and a stagnation stage according to the methane production cumulative curve and the daily gas production change trend measured in the step (1), and carrying out staging on the anaerobic fermentation process of the actual fermentation material;
(3) pretreating an original fermentation material;
(4) compounding anaerobic fermentation strains and buffer solution;
(5) mixing materials: mixing the fermentation material pretreated in the step (3) and the anaerobic fermentation strain compounded in the step (4) to obtain a mixture; the mass ratio of the fermentation material to the anaerobic fermentation strain is (9-14): (0.2-0.4);
(6) fermentation: and (3) adding the mixture obtained in the step (5) into a first anaerobic fermentation tank according to the grading result of the step (2), and controlling the retention time and fermentation conditions of the materials in different stages according to the analysis result of the step (2) until the fermentation is finished.
Further, in the step (1), the fermentation material mainly comprises urban and rural organic solid wastes, mainly comprises municipal sludge, wet garbage, livestock and poultry manure, waste straw and pharmaceutical mushroom dregs, and mainly comprises protein, cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, lipid, silicate and other inorganic salt ions.
Further, in the step (2), the anaerobic fermentation process of the actual fermented materials is divided into 2 to 3 stages according to the accumulated gas production stagnation period, and the stages are determined according to the self characteristics of the materials.
Further, in the step (3), the pretreatment of the original fermentation material is to carry out micro crushing pretreatment on the original solid fermentation material, the particle size is controlled to be below 1mm, pulping pretreatment is carried out on the original fluid state fermentation material, and the viscosity is controlled to be below 500mPa · S, so that the condition of the original material is close to that of the simulated material.
Further, in the step (4), the preparation method of the anaerobic fermentation strain comprises the following steps: adding anaerobic digested sludge and/or fat degrading bacteria into a nutrient buffer solution to serve as anaerobic fermentation strains; the mass ratio of the anaerobic digestion sludge to the fat degradation bacteria to the nutrient buffer solution is (10-20): 1-3): 100.
Further, the nutrient buffer solution comprises the following components: 0.1-1g/L of urea, 2-3g/L of magnesium chloride, 1-2g/L of monopotassium phosphate, 0.1-0.3g/L of calcium chloride, 1-2mg/L of ferrous sulfate and 2-20g/L of olive oil.
And further, adding anaerobic digested sludge of the sewage treatment system into a basic culture medium, adding a fat degrading bacterium, and culturing and domesticating, wherein the fat degrading bacterium is brevundimonas sp.
The invention discloses the following technical effects:
the method combines the specificity of the self composition of the material, takes the high-efficiency methane production as a starting point, and carries out the staging on the fermentation material, so that the method can produce the methane more efficiently, and greatly shortens the methane production period.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows the cumulative gas production and daily gas production curve trend of example 1.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to various exemplary embodiments of the invention, the detailed description should not be construed as limiting the invention but as a more detailed description of certain aspects, features and embodiments of the invention.
It is to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. Further, for numerical ranges in this disclosure, it is understood that each intervening value, between the upper and lower limit of that range, is also specifically disclosed. Every smaller range between any stated value or intervening value in a stated range and any other stated or intervening value in a stated range is encompassed within the invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges may independently be included or excluded in the range.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. Although only preferred methods and materials are described herein, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can be used in the practice or testing of the present invention. All documents mentioned in this specification are incorporated by reference herein for the purpose of disclosing and describing the methods and/or materials associated with the documents. In case of conflict with any incorporated document, the present specification will control.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the specific embodiments of the present disclosure without departing from the scope or spirit of the disclosure. Other embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification. The specification and examples are exemplary only.
As used herein, the terms "comprising," "including," "having," "containing," and the like are open-ended terms that mean including, but not limited to.
The fat degrading bacteria used in the embodiment of the invention are purchased from China center for type culture Collection, and the preservation number is as follows: CCTCC NO, M2019332, preservation date: year 2019, 5 month, 7 days, deposit address: wuhan university in Wuhan, China.
Example 1
A method for producing biogas by anaerobic fermentation based on material composition comprises the following steps:
(1) taking a material to be fermented, measuring the content of main components of the fermented material, selecting a corresponding pure medicine ratio according to the measured components and content, obtaining a fermentation simulation material with the same components and content as the original fermented material, performing an anaerobic digestion biogas production batch test, and analyzing the accumulated biogas production and daily biogas production curve variation trend, as shown in figure 1;
(2) analyzing an anaerobic biological conversion gas production rising stage and a stagnation stage according to the methane production cumulative curve and the daily gas production change trend measured in the step (1), and carrying out staging on the anaerobic fermentation process of the actual fermentation material;
(3) pretreating an original fermentation material;
(4) compounding anaerobic fermentation strains and buffer solution;
(5) mixing materials: mixing the fermentation material pretreated in the step (3) and the anaerobic fermentation strain compounded in the step (4) to obtain a mixture; the mass ratio of the fermentation material to the anaerobic fermentation strain is 11: 0.3;
(6) fermentation: and (3) adding the mixture obtained in the step (5) into a first anaerobic fermentation tank according to the grading result of the step (2), and controlling the retention time and fermentation conditions of the materials in different stages according to the analysis result of the step (2) until the fermentation is finished.
In the step (1) of this embodiment, the fermentation material mainly comprises urban and rural organic solid waste, mainly comprises municipal sludge, wet garbage, livestock and poultry manure, waste straw and pharmaceutical mushroom dregs, and mainly comprises protein, cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, lipid, silicate and other inorganic salt ions.
In step (2) of this embodiment, the anaerobic fermentation process of the actual fermented material is divided into 3 stages by stages according to the accumulated gas production lag phase.
In step (3) of this embodiment, the pretreatment of the original fermented material is to perform a micro-crushing pretreatment on the original solid fermented material, the particle size is controlled to be less than 1mm, a slurrying pretreatment is performed on the original fluid state fermented material, and the viscosity is controlled to be less than 500mPa · S, so that the conditions of the original material are close to those of the simulated material.
In step (4) of this embodiment, the preparation method of the anaerobic fermentation strain includes: adding anaerobic digested sludge and/or fat degrading bacteria into a nutrient buffer solution to serve as anaerobic fermentation strains; the mass ratio of the anaerobic digestion sludge to the fat degradation bacteria to the nutrient buffer solution is 15:2: 100.
The nutrient buffer solution described in this example comprises the following components: 0.5g/L of urea, 2.5g/L of magnesium chloride, 1.5g/L of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.2g/L of calcium chloride, 1.5mg/L of ferrous sulfate and 12g/L of olive oil.
In the embodiment, anaerobic digested sludge of a sewage treatment system is taken and added into a basic culture medium, and then fat degrading bacteria are added for culture and domestication, wherein the fat degrading bacteria are Brevundimonas sp.
Example 2
A method for producing biogas by anaerobic fermentation based on material composition comprises the following steps:
(1) taking a material to be fermented, measuring the content of main components of the fermented material, selecting a corresponding pure medicine ratio according to the measured components and content, obtaining a fermentation simulation material with the same components and content as the original fermented material, performing anaerobic digestion biogas production batch test, and analyzing the accumulated biogas production and daily biogas production curve variation trend;
(2) analyzing an anaerobic biological conversion gas production rising stage and a stagnation stage according to the methane production cumulative curve and the daily gas production change trend measured in the step (1), and carrying out staging on the anaerobic fermentation process of the actual fermentation material;
(3) pretreating an original fermentation material;
(4) compounding anaerobic fermentation strains and buffer solution;
(5) mixing materials: mixing the fermentation material pretreated in the step (3) and the anaerobic fermentation strain compounded in the step (4) to obtain a mixture; the mass ratio of the fermentation material to the anaerobic fermentation strain is 9: 0.4;
(6) fermentation: and (3) adding the mixture obtained in the step (5) into a first anaerobic fermentation tank according to the grading result of the step (2), and controlling the retention time and fermentation conditions of the materials in different stages according to the analysis result of the step (2) until the fermentation is finished.
In the step (1) of this embodiment, the fermentation material mainly comprises urban and rural organic solid waste, mainly comprises municipal sludge, wet garbage, livestock and poultry manure, waste straw and pharmaceutical mushroom dregs, and mainly comprises protein, cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, lipid, silicate and other inorganic salt ions.
In step (2) of this embodiment, the anaerobic fermentation process of the actual fermented material is divided into 3 stages by stages according to the accumulated gas production lag phase.
In step (3) of this embodiment, the pretreatment of the original fermented material is to perform a micro-crushing pretreatment on the original solid fermented material, the particle size is controlled to be less than 1mm, a slurrying pretreatment is performed on the original fluid state fermented material, and the viscosity is controlled to be less than 500mPa · S, so that the conditions of the original material are close to those of the simulated material.
In step (4) of this embodiment, the preparation method of the anaerobic fermentation strain includes: adding anaerobic digested sludge and/or fat degrading bacteria into a nutrient buffer solution to serve as anaerobic fermentation strains; the mass ratio of the anaerobic digestion sludge to the fat degradation bacteria to the nutrient buffer solution is 10:3: 100.
The nutrient buffer solution described in this example comprises the following components: 0.1g/L of urea, 3g/L of magnesium chloride, 1g/L of monopotassium phosphate, 0.3g/L of calcium chloride, 1mg/L of ferrous sulfate and 20g/L of olive oil.
In the embodiment, anaerobic digested sludge of a sewage treatment system is taken and added into a basic culture medium, and then fat degrading bacteria are added for culture and domestication, wherein the fat degrading bacteria are Brevundimonas sp.
Example 3
A method for producing biogas by anaerobic fermentation based on material composition comprises the following steps:
(1) taking a material to be fermented, measuring the content of main components of the fermented material, selecting a corresponding pure medicine ratio according to the measured components and content, obtaining a fermentation simulation material with the same components and content as the original fermented material, performing anaerobic digestion biogas production batch test, and analyzing the accumulated biogas production and daily biogas production curve variation trend;
(2) analyzing an anaerobic biological conversion gas production rising stage and a stagnation stage according to the methane production cumulative curve and the daily gas production change trend measured in the step (1), and carrying out staging on the anaerobic fermentation process of the actual fermentation material;
(3) pretreating an original fermentation material;
(4) compounding anaerobic fermentation strains and buffer solution;
(5) mixing materials: mixing the fermentation material pretreated in the step (3) and the anaerobic fermentation strain compounded in the step (4) to obtain a mixture; the mass ratio of the fermentation material to the anaerobic fermentation strain is 14: 0.2;
(6) fermentation: and (3) adding the mixture obtained in the step (5) into a first anaerobic fermentation tank according to the grading result of the step (2), and controlling the retention time and fermentation conditions of the materials in different stages according to the analysis result of the step (2) until the fermentation is finished.
In the step (1) of this embodiment, the fermentation material mainly comprises urban and rural organic solid waste, mainly comprises municipal sludge, wet garbage, livestock and poultry manure, waste straw and pharmaceutical mushroom dregs, and mainly comprises protein, cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, lipid, silicate and other inorganic salt ions.
In step (2) of this embodiment, the anaerobic fermentation process of the actual fermented material is divided into 3 stages by stages according to the accumulated gas production lag phase.
In step (3) of this embodiment, the pretreatment of the original fermented material is to perform a micro-crushing pretreatment on the original solid fermented material, the particle size is controlled to be less than 1mm, a slurrying pretreatment is performed on the original fluid state fermented material, and the viscosity is controlled to be less than 500mPa · S, so that the conditions of the original material are close to those of the simulated material.
In step (4) of this embodiment, the preparation method of the anaerobic fermentation strain includes: adding anaerobic digested sludge and/or fat degrading bacteria into a nutrient buffer solution to serve as anaerobic fermentation strains; the mass ratio of the anaerobic digestion sludge to the fat degradation bacteria to the nutrient buffer solution is 20:1: 100.
The nutrient buffer solution described in this example comprises the following components: 1g/L of urea, 2g/L of magnesium chloride, 2g/L of monopotassium phosphate, 0.1g/L of calcium chloride, 2mg/L of ferrous sulfate and 2g/L of olive oil.
In the embodiment, anaerobic digested sludge of a sewage treatment system is taken and added into a basic culture medium, and then fat degrading bacteria are added for culture and domestication, wherein the fat degrading bacteria are Brevundimonas sp.
Comparative example 1
The difference from example 1 is that comparative example 1 adopts a traditional medium temperature single phase anaerobic fermentation tank, the fermentation temperature is 35 ℃, and the retention time is 18 d.
The characteristics of the produced methane in examples 1 to 3 and comparative example 1 were measured, and the average daily gas production rate, the total cycle gas production rate, and the change in gas production rate of methane in each example were measured, and the measurement results of each example and comparative example are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
As can be seen from the above table, the peak gas production time of examples 1 to 3 is at least 3 days earlier than the comparison ratio and at most 5 days earlier; the highest gas production rates of examples 1-3 were significantly higher than the comparative examples, and the cumulative gas production of examples 1-3 was also significantly higher than the comparative examples. Compared with the existing biogas production method, the method for producing biogas by two-stage anaerobic fermentation has higher biogas production rate and larger biogas production rate, and the biogas production peak period is also obviously advanced.
Through the examination of the sludge discharged from each example and comparative example, the results are shown in Table 2, and the sludge discharged from examples 1-3 is found to have higher fermentation degree, which indicates that examples 1-3 have better conversion rate and utilization rate.
TABLE 2
The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements of the technical solutions of the present invention can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the technical solutions of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention defined by the claims.
Claims (7)
1. A method for producing biogas by anaerobic fermentation based on material composition is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) taking a material to be fermented, measuring the content of main components of the fermented material, selecting a corresponding pure medicine ratio according to the measured components and content, obtaining a fermentation simulation material with the same components and content as the original fermented material, performing anaerobic digestion biogas production batch test, and analyzing the accumulated biogas production and daily biogas production curve variation trend;
(2) analyzing an anaerobic biological conversion gas production rising stage and a stagnation stage according to the methane production cumulative curve and the daily gas production change trend measured in the step (1), and carrying out staging on the anaerobic fermentation process of the actual fermentation material;
(3) pretreating an original fermentation material;
(4) compounding anaerobic fermentation strains and buffer solution;
(5) mixing materials: mixing the fermentation material pretreated in the step (3) and the anaerobic fermentation strain compounded in the step (4) to obtain a mixture; the mass ratio of the fermentation material to the anaerobic fermentation strain is (9-14): (0.2-0.4);
(6) fermentation: and (3) adding the mixture obtained in the step (5) into a first anaerobic fermentation tank according to the grading result of the step (2), and controlling the retention time and fermentation conditions of the materials in different stages according to the analysis result of the step (2) until the fermentation is finished.
2. The method for producing biogas based on the anaerobic fermentation of the material composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the fermented material is mainly organic solid waste in urban and rural areas, including municipal sludge, wet garbage, livestock and poultry manure, waste straw and pharmaceutical mushroom dregs.
3. The method for producing biogas according to claim 1, wherein in step (2), the anaerobic fermentation process of the actual fermented material is divided into 2-3 stages according to the accumulated gas production lag period.
4. The method for producing biogas by anaerobic fermentation based on material composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step (3), the raw fermentation material pretreatment is a micro-crushing pretreatment on the raw solid fermentation material, the particle size is controlled below 1mm, and a slurrying pretreatment is performed on the raw fluid state fermentation material, and the viscosity is controlled below 500 mPa-S.
5. The method for producing biogas by anaerobic fermentation based on material composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step (4), the preparation method of the anaerobic fermentation strain comprises: adding anaerobic digested sludge and/or fat degrading bacteria into a nutrient buffer solution to serve as anaerobic fermentation strains; the mass ratio of the anaerobic digestion sludge to the fat degradation bacteria to the nutrient buffer solution is (10-20): 1-3): 100.
6. The method for producing biogas by anaerobic fermentation based on material composition according to claim 5, wherein the nutrient buffer solution comprises the following components: 0.1-1g/L of urea, 2-3g/L of magnesium chloride, 1-2g/L of monopotassium phosphate, 0.1-0.3g/L of calcium chloride, 1-2mg/L of ferrous sulfate and 2-20g/L of olive oil.
7. The method for producing biogas based on the material composition of claim 5, wherein the anaerobic digested sludge of the sewage treatment system is added to a basic culture medium, and then fat degrading bacteria are added for cultivation and domestication, wherein the fat degrading bacteria are Brevundimonas sp.
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Application publication date: 20201023 |