CN111807863A - High-performance concrete and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-performance concrete and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111807863A CN111807863A CN202010586732.9A CN202010586732A CN111807863A CN 111807863 A CN111807863 A CN 111807863A CN 202010586732 A CN202010586732 A CN 202010586732A CN 111807863 A CN111807863 A CN 111807863A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/40—Porous or lightweight materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
- C04B2201/52—High compression strength concretes, i.e. with a compression strength higher than about 55 N/mm2, e.g. reactive powder concrete [RPC]
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to high-performance concrete and a preparation method thereof, wherein the high-performance concrete comprises 187-226 parts by weight of cement; 172-198 parts of water; 352-407 parts of fine aggregate; 986-1124 parts of lightweight aggregate; 42-48 parts of coal ash; 8.2-10.6 parts of an additive; 195-266 parts of coarse sand. The high-performance concrete prepared by the invention integrates the performances of flame retardance, crack resistance, durability, heat preservation and the like, and has simple process and low cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of concrete, in particular to high-performance concrete and a preparation method thereof.
Background
With the development of social economy and the continuous improvement of living standard, the demand of people on houses is larger and higher, and the requirement on house quality is higher and higher. Therefore, the land industry has come to an unprecedented rapid development period, the construction of a large number of high-rise buildings inevitably needs a large number of natural aggregates, and the natural aggregates used for the building engineering in China are counted to have the requirement of more than 20 hundred million tons every year. However, the mining and transportation of natural aggregates bring great damage to the local environment, so that a large number of mountain forests and cultivated lands are damaged, a large number of landslides and debris flows are caused in rainy seasons, and the environmental problem is prominent. And because the self mass of the traditional concrete building material is large, the self weight of a high-rise building is too large, and the heat insulation performance and the durability of a natural material are not good, the heat insulation performance of the high-rise building is low, and the durability is poor, so that the high-rise building can not be continuously developed.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects or shortcomings in the prior art, the high-performance concrete is provided, integrates the performances of flame retardance, crack resistance, durability, heat preservation and the like, and has simple process and low cost.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is to provide the high-performance concrete which comprises 187-226 parts by weight of cement; 172-198 parts of water; 352-407 parts of fine aggregate; 986-1124 parts of lightweight aggregate; 42-48 parts of coal ash; 8.2-10.6 parts of an additive; 195-266 parts of coarse sand.
As a further improvement of the invention, the additive is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 4-5.5 parts of a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent, 1-2.2 parts of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, 2.2-3.6 parts of hydroxypropyl acrylate and 3-4 parts of a retarder.
As a further improvement of the invention, the polycarboxylate superplasticizer is a quaternary ammonium salt polycarboxylate superplasticizer; the retarder is lignosulfonate retarder.
As a further improvement of the invention, the lightweight aggregate is made by the steps of:
step A1: placing coconut shell activated carbon into sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and ethanol hydrochloric acid solution, performing ultrasonic oscillation reaction for 10 hours at the temperature of 45-53 ℃, and filtering to obtain filter residue;
step A2: cleaning ABS plastic and crushing the ABS plastic into particles;
step A3: filling nitrogen into the magnesium oxide, the calcium hexaluminate, the bentonite, the fly ash ceramsite and the filter residue obtained in the step 1 at the temperature of 1045-1153 ℃ for sintering for 4-5.5 h, cooling to 282-315 ℃, adding ABS plastic particles, continuously filling nitrogen, stirring for reacting for 5min, rapidly increasing to 1330-1350 ℃, preserving heat for 6min, and then cooling to room temperature;
step A4: crushing the cooled material obtained in the step 3 by a crusher to obtain the lightweight aggregate.
As a further improvement of the invention, the mass fraction of the sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate solution is 22%.
As a further improvement of the invention, the coconut shell activated carbon comprises, by weight, 224-315 parts of coconut shell activated carbon, 85-105 parts of magnesium oxide, 85-105 parts of calcium hexaluminate, 100-155 parts of bentonite, 255-336 parts of fly ash ceramsite and 115-255 parts of ABS plastic particles.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing high performance concrete, comprising the steps of:
step B1: preparing raw material components of cement, water, fine aggregate, lightweight aggregate, fly ash, an additive and coarse sand;
step B2: stirring cement, lightweight aggregate and coarse sand for 45-65 s, adding fine aggregate and fly ash, and stirring for 20-30 s;
step B3: and B2, adding the admixture and water into the mixture obtained in the step B2, stirring for 80-95s, and discharging after stirring to obtain the high-performance concrete.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the raw materials of the invention are the combination of general raw materials and waste materials, the original performance and value of the raw materials are fully utilized, the raw materials are originally used as solid waste materials to be reused, and the problems of engineering disaster aggravation, resource waste and environmental pollution caused by improper traditional treatment are avoided.
2. The cement of the invention has less consumption, thus saving the production cost.
3. The concrete of the invention is added with the specially-made lightweight aggregate, so that the durability is good; the impermeability grade is more than P35, and the concrete strength is greatly improved, and simultaneously, the compression resistance, durability, crack resistance and flame retardance of the concrete are improved and improved, so that the concrete has the main characteristics of high-performance concrete.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph of smoke generation rate (SPR) for examples 1-5 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the change in total smoke generation (TSR) in examples 1 to 5 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following embodiments.
Preparing lightweight aggregate:
selecting and preparing the raw materials of the lightweight aggregate according to the parts by weight: 224-315 parts of coconut shell activated carbon, 85-105 parts of magnesium oxide, 85-105 parts of calcium hexaluminate, 100-155 parts of bentonite, 255-336 parts of fly ash ceramsite and 115-255 parts of ABS plastic particles. The principle component materials can be prepared in any parts, and the lightweight aggregate is prepared by the following steps:
step A1: placing the coconut shell activated carbon into sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and ethanol hydrochloric acid solution, performing ultrasonic oscillation reaction for 11.5 hours at the temperature of 45-53 ℃, filtering to obtain filter residue, wherein the filter residue is modified coconut shell activated carbon; wherein, the mass fraction of the sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate solution is preferably 22 percent, and the sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate solution can also be other sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate solutions with medium and low concentration, and the ethanol hydrochloric acid solution is formed by mixing hydrochloric acid with the concentration of 5mol/L into pure ethanol.
Step A2: cleaning ABS plastic and crushing the ABS plastic into particles, wherein the ABS plastic can also be waste ABS plastic;
step A3: filling nitrogen into the magnesium oxide, the calcium hexaluminate, the bentonite, the fly ash ceramsite and the filter residue obtained in the step 1 at the temperature of 1045-1153 ℃ for sintering for 4-5.5 h, cooling to 282-315 ℃, adding ABS plastic particles, continuously filling nitrogen, stirring for reacting for 5min, rapidly increasing to 1330-1350 ℃, preserving heat for 6min, and then cooling to room temperature;
step A4: crushing the cooled material obtained in the step 3 by a crusher to obtain the lightweight aggregate.
Further, in the step A1, the coconut shell activated carbon is placed in a sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and ethanol hydrochloric acid solution for modification to generate modified coconut shell activated carbon, and the generated modified coconut shell activated carbon is obviously increased compared with the modified coconut shell activated carbon because the sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and the ethanol hydrochloric acid react in a hot water bath; the modified coconut shell activated carbon has a rough surface and a porous network structure which is densely distributed and crosslinked together in a pipeline shape.
Furthermore, in the step A3, the magnesium oxide, the calcium hexaluminate, the bentonite, the fly ash ceramsite and the modified coconut shell activated carbon are sintered in nitrogen, so that the magnesium oxide, the calcium hexaluminate, the bentonite and the fly ash ceramsite are reacted with each other and introduced into the pores of the modified coconut shell activated carbon in the form of solution, on one hand, the pores of the modified coconut shell activated carbon are smaller, on the other hand, the raw materials are more uniformly distributed due to the flowing solution, and thus, the uniform microporous raw material structure is more favorable for sintering the composite to have higher heat insulation property and stronger toughness, and is favorable for further improving the heat insulation property of concrete. In addition, the magnesium oxide, the calcium hexaluminate, the bentonite and the fly ash ceramsite are sintered together in a nitrogen environment, and due to the difference of solubility and fluidity, a disordered crossed arrangement structure is easily formed during crystallization in the sintering process, and in addition, the modified coconut shell activated carbon is densely distributed and crosslinked together in a pipeline shape, and after ABS plastic particles are added, a polymer film is wrapped outside crystals to form the light aggregate, so that the prepared light aggregate has higher high impact resistance, high heat resistance, heat preservation and flame retardance.
Example 1
The high performance concrete includes 187 weight portions of cement; 184 parts of water; 367 parts of fine aggregate; 996 parts of lightweight aggregate; 42 parts of fly ash; 8.5 parts of an additive; 201 parts of coarse sand.
The additive is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 4 parts of polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent, 1.4 parts of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, 2.3 parts of hydroxypropyl acrylate and 3.8 parts of retarder. The polycarboxylate water reducing agent is a quaternary ammonium salt polycarboxylate water reducing agent, and the retarder is a lignosulfonate retarder.
The high-performance concrete is prepared by the following steps:
step B1: preparing raw material components of cement, water, fine aggregate, lightweight aggregate, fly ash, an additive and coarse sand;
step B2: stirring cement, lightweight aggregate and coarse sand for 45s, adding fine aggregate and fly ash, and stirring for 20 s;
step B3: and B2, adding the admixture and water into the mixture obtained in the step B2, stirring for 80s, and discharging after stirring to obtain the high-performance concrete.
Example 2
Preparing the raw materials with the following weight portions of 226 portions of cement; 198 parts of water; 407 parts of fine aggregate; 1124 parts of lightweight aggregate; 48 parts of fly ash; 10.6 parts of an additive; 266 portions of coarse sand.
The high-performance concrete is prepared by the following steps:
step B1: preparing raw material components of cement, water, fine aggregate, lightweight aggregate, fly ash, an additive and coarse sand;
step B2: stirring cement, lightweight aggregate and coarse sand for 65s, adding fine aggregate and fly ash, and stirring for 30 s;
step B3: and B2, adding the admixture and water into the mixture obtained in the step B2, stirring for 95s, and discharging after stirring to obtain the high-performance concrete.
Example 3
194 parts of cement; 185 parts of water; 386 parts of fine aggregate; 1023 parts of lightweight aggregate; 44 parts of fly ash; 9.6 parts of an additive; 254 portions of coarse sand.
The high-performance concrete is prepared by the following steps:
step B1: preparing raw material components of cement, water, fine aggregate, lightweight aggregate, fly ash, an additive and coarse sand;
step B2: stirring cement, lightweight aggregate and coarse sand for 52s, adding fine aggregate and fly ash, and stirring for 25 s;
step B3: and B, adding the admixture and water into the step B2, stirring for 88s, and discharging after stirring to prepare the high-performance concrete.
Example 4
Preparing 213 parts of cement; 192 parts of water; 396 parts of fine aggregate; 1123 parts of lightweight aggregate; 46.3 parts of fly ash; 10.2 parts of an additive; 258 parts of coarse sand.
The high-performance concrete is prepared by the following steps:
step B1: preparing raw material components of cement, water, fine aggregate, lightweight aggregate, fly ash, an additive and coarse sand;
step B2: stirring cement, lightweight aggregate and coarse sand for 60s, adding fine aggregate and fly ash, and stirring for 30 s;
step B3: and B2, adding the admixture and water into the mixture obtained in the step B2, stirring for 92s, and discharging after stirring to obtain the high-performance concrete.
Example 4
Preparing the following raw materials, by weight, 221 parts of cement; 179 parts of water; 588 parts of fine aggregate; 998 parts of lightweight aggregate; 46.3 parts of fly ash; 8.5 parts of an additive; 224 parts of coarse sand.
The high-performance concrete is prepared by the following steps:
step B1: preparing raw material components of cement, water, fine aggregate, lightweight aggregate, fly ash, an additive and coarse sand;
step B2: stirring cement, lightweight aggregate and coarse sand for 65s, adding fine aggregate and fly ash, and stirring for 20 s;
step B3: and B2, adding the admixture and water into the mixture obtained in the step B2, stirring for 85s, and discharging after stirring to obtain the high-performance concrete.
For the concrete produced by the above 5 examples, the initial slump, initial expansion and 16h slump were measured, 50 concrete samples molded by 150 × 150mm test molds were taken from each example, and cured for 7 days and 28 days under the conditions of 20 ± 2 ℃ and relative humidity of more than 95%, the average value of the experimental data was obtained, and the properties such as compressive strength and the like are as follows:
the results show that: the concrete produced in the examples 1-5 is of a grade above C40, the slump is good, the workability is good, the compressive strength is respectively over 70% and 110% at 7d and 28d, the concrete meets the regulation of GB50107-2010 concrete strength test evaluation standard, the compressive strength is over 60MPa, the impermeability is greater than P35 grade, and the crack resistance is above 5.0MPa, so that the scheme for producing the high-performance concrete by using the lightweight aggregate is feasible.
Further preparing 5 different lightweight aggregates R1-R5 by preparing 5 raw materials with different proportions according to the following raw material components:
according to the classification basis of A1-grade non-combustible materials in GB 8624-2012-building material and product combustion performance classification: the lightweight aggregates prepared from C1-C5 were burned with the same weight parts of the concrete R1-R5 prepared from the cement, fine aggregate, fly ash, coarse sand, etc. selected in examples 1-5 of the present invention, respectively, to obtain the smoke generation rate (SPR) shown in FIG. 1 and the total smoke generation (TSR) curve shown in FIG. 2. Because the lightweight aggregate is special, the lightweight aggregate is prepared from modified coconut shell activated carbon, magnesium oxide, calcium hexaluminate, bentonite, fly ash ceramsite and ABS plastic materials, the flame retardance and the heat preservation of the concrete are further improved after the lightweight aggregate is prepared into the concrete, and the general trend of SPR change is stable and no obvious peak value appears in figure 1. Then, the modified coconut shell activated carbon of the lightweight aggregate adsorbs smoke in the process, is adsorbed and decomposed under the layer-by-layer staggered structure of the sintered polymer, and the ABS polymer coated on the surface is further flame-retardant, so that as can be seen from figure 2, the total TSR smoke of 5 samples is small, and the total smoke is less than 2.5m2.s < -2 > when reaching 180s, which indicates that the smoke risk is lowest when fire occurs, and the method is economical and environment-friendly.
In conclusion, the concrete material disclosed by the invention is simple, and has good performances such as flame retardance, pressure resistance, crack resistance and high temperature resistance.
The foregoing is a more detailed description of the invention in connection with specific preferred embodiments and it is not intended that the invention be limited to these specific details. For those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains, several simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, and all shall be considered as belonging to the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. A high-performance concrete is characterized in that: the composite material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
187-226 parts of cement; 172-198 parts of water; 352-407 parts of fine aggregate; 986-1124 parts of lightweight aggregate; 42-48 parts of coal ash; 8.2-10.6 parts of an additive; 195-266 parts of coarse sand.
2. The high performance concrete of claim 1, wherein: the additive is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 4-5.5 parts of a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent, 1-2.2 parts of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, 2.2-3.6 parts of hydroxypropyl acrylate and 3-4 parts of a retarder.
3. The high performance concrete of claim 2, wherein: the polycarboxylate superplasticizer is a quaternary ammonium salt polycarboxylate superplasticizer; the retarder is lignosulfonate retarder.
4. The high performance concrete of claim 1, wherein: the lightweight aggregate is prepared by the following steps:
step A1: placing coconut shell activated carbon into sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and ethanol hydrochloric acid solution, performing ultrasonic oscillation reaction for 10 hours at the temperature of 45-53 ℃, and filtering to obtain filter residue;
step A2: cleaning ABS plastic and crushing the ABS plastic into particles;
step A3: filling nitrogen into the magnesium oxide, the calcium hexaluminate, the bentonite, the fly ash ceramsite and the filter residue obtained in the step 1 at the temperature of 1045-1153 ℃ for sintering for 4-5.5 h, cooling to 282-315 ℃, adding ABS plastic particles, continuously filling nitrogen, stirring for reacting for 5min, rapidly increasing to 1330-1350 ℃, preserving heat for 6min, and then cooling to room temperature;
step A4: crushing the cooled material obtained in the step 3 by a crusher to obtain the lightweight aggregate.
5. The high performance concrete of claim 4, wherein: the mass fraction of the sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate solution is 22%.
6. The high performance concrete of claim 4, wherein: 224-315 parts of coconut shell activated carbon, 85-105 parts of magnesium oxide, 85-105 parts of calcium hexaluminate, 100-155 parts of bentonite, 255-336 parts of fly ash ceramsite and 115-255 parts of ABS plastic particles.
7. The method for producing high performance concrete according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein: which comprises the following steps:
step B1: preparing raw material components of cement, water, fine aggregate, lightweight aggregate, fly ash, an additive and coarse sand;
step B2: stirring cement, lightweight aggregate and coarse sand for 45-65 s, adding fine aggregate and fly ash, and stirring for 20-30 s;
step B3: and B2, adding the admixture and water into the mixture obtained in the step B2, stirring for 80-95s, and discharging after stirring to obtain the high-performance concrete.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112299790A (en) * | 2020-11-13 | 2021-02-02 | 上海百基混凝土有限公司 | Environment-friendly high-performance concrete and preparation method thereof |
| CN116143464A (en) * | 2022-10-26 | 2023-05-23 | 湖北怡丰建材有限公司 | Lightweight concrete and production process thereof |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112299790A (en) * | 2020-11-13 | 2021-02-02 | 上海百基混凝土有限公司 | Environment-friendly high-performance concrete and preparation method thereof |
| CN116143464A (en) * | 2022-10-26 | 2023-05-23 | 湖北怡丰建材有限公司 | Lightweight concrete and production process thereof |
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Application publication date: 20201023 |