CN111807608A - Medical sewage treatment system and treatment method thereof - Google Patents

Medical sewage treatment system and treatment method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111807608A
CN111807608A CN202010506600.0A CN202010506600A CN111807608A CN 111807608 A CN111807608 A CN 111807608A CN 202010506600 A CN202010506600 A CN 202010506600A CN 111807608 A CN111807608 A CN 111807608A
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tank
sludge
sewage
aeration
wastewater
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郁宗强
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Nanjing Deyi Environmental Technology Development Co ltd
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Nanjing Deyi Environmental Technology Development Co ltd
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Priority to CN202010506600.0A priority Critical patent/CN111807608A/en
Priority to PCT/CN2020/094925 priority patent/WO2021243732A1/en
Publication of CN111807608A publication Critical patent/CN111807608A/en
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F9/00Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F11/00Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
    • C02F11/12Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
    • C02F11/121Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering
    • C02F11/122Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering using filter presses
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/001Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/46Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
    • C02F1/461Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/52Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
    • C02F1/5236Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/52Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
    • C02F1/54Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using organic material
    • C02F1/56Macromolecular compounds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/66Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by neutralisation; pH adjustment
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/72Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
    • C02F1/725Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation by catalytic oxidation
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F2001/007Processes including a sedimentation step
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/003Wastewater from hospitals, laboratories and the like, heavily contaminated by pathogenic microorganisms
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2209/00Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
    • C02F2209/005Processes using a programmable logic controller [PLC]
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2305/00Use of specific compounds during water treatment
    • C02F2305/02Specific form of oxidant
    • C02F2305/026Fenton's reagent
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2305/00Use of specific compounds during water treatment
    • C02F2305/06Nutrients for stimulating the growth of microorganisms
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/30Aerobic and anaerobic processes

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Activated Sludge Processes (AREA)
  • Separation Of Suspended Particles By Flocculating Agents (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a medical sewage treatment system and a treatment method thereof, and belongs to the field of sewage treatment. The method comprises the following steps of sequentially connecting by adopting a PLC full-automatic program: the system comprises a wastewater collection tank, a Fenton oxidation tank, a flocculation sedimentation tank, a biological contact oxidation tank, an MBR membrane tank and an aeration component. The electrolysis reaction and the Fenton oxidation reaction are carried out at the same time, so that the degradation effects of the micro-electrolysis and the Fenton oxidation reaction can be fully exerted; the magnetic material is added into the sewage to have flocculation reaction with pollutants in the sewage, and then the separation speed is accelerated under the action of an external magnetic field.

Description

Medical sewage treatment system and treatment method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of sewage treatment, and particularly relates to a medical sewage treatment system and a medical sewage treatment method.
Background
At present, the medical industry of China is developing vigorously, and medical wastewater is generated along with the development of the medical industry, wherein the medical wastewater comprises production wastewater, equipment, ground flushing wastewater and domestic sewage. The components are complex, the concentration and the salt content are high, various organic pollutants, inorganic heavy metal pollutants and the like are contained in the wastewater, if the wastewater is not treated properly, the pollution to the environment is also unimaginable, and the treatment of medical wastewater in the prior art is still to be improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: provides a medical sewage treatment system and a treatment method thereof, which are used for solving the problems involved in the background technology.
The technical scheme is as follows: a medical sewage treatment system and a treatment method thereof comprise: the method comprises the following steps of sequentially connecting by adopting a PLC full-automatic program:
the waste water collecting tank adopts a steel concrete structure and comprises a grid tank for collecting waste water and an open regulating tank for regulating the pH value of water quality;
the Fenton oxidation tank is used for carrying out Fenton oxidation to remove organic substances in the sewage and improve the biodegradability of the wastewater;
the flocculation sedimentation tank comprises a flocculation tank for mixing a flocculating agent, an inclined tube sedimentation tank and a sludge concentration tank for sludge sedimentation, and a plate-and-frame filter press for separating sludge cakes;
the biological contact oxidation tank adopts combined double-ring packing, comprises a first-stage biological contact anaerobic tank and a first-stage contact oxidation tank, and degrades biochemical pollutants in the sewage through A/O biological contact oxidation;
an MBR membrane tank, in which an immersion flat membrane is arranged for solid-liquid separation, and microorganism solids can be effectively retained in the reactor, thereby ensuring the stability of the effluent quality;
and the aeration component comprises an air blower and an aeration head which is connected with the air blower and is arranged at the bottom of the wastewater collection tank, the Fenton oxidation tank and the contact oxidation tank through a buried pipe.
As a preferable scheme, a micro-electrolysis device is arranged on the Fenton oxidation cell. The current of the micro-electrolysis device conforms to the following equation.
Figure BDA0002526751230000011
Wherein ce is the current efficiency and is related to the parameters of the micro-electrolysis device; f is a Faraday constant; v is the sewage volume; i is the electrolytic current intensity; mixing Fe3+Reduction to Fe2+The number of electrons required, equal to 1; c0、R0、S0Respectively the concentrations of a reducing substance, ferrous ions and hydrogen peroxide in the sewage; a. b and c are reaction stages of reducing substances, ferrous ions and hydrogen peroxide in the sewage.
As a preferred embodiment, the flocculation sedimentation tank comprises: the flocculation tank comprises a flocculation box body, a water inlet pipe arranged at the top of one end of the flocculation box body, a rotating shaft fixedly arranged on the central axis of the flocculation box body through a sealing bearing, blades which are arranged on the rotating shaft and are uniformly distributed in a spiral shape, and a water outlet arranged at the bottom of the other end of the flocculation box body; the sedimentation tank comprises a multistage sedimentation tank body, an inclined pipe seat fixedly arranged in the middle of the sedimentation tank body, inclined pipes which are obliquely fixed on the inclined pipe seat at a preset angle and distributed in a honeycomb manner, an overflow water outlet channel formed between the top of the inclined pipe seat and the sedimentation tank body, and a plurality of triangular sludge discharge weirs uniformly distributed at the bottom of the sedimentation tank body; the sludge discharge system comprises a sludge discharge pipeline arranged between the triangular sludge discharge weirs, a main shaft arranged in the sludge discharge pipeline, spiral blades on the same side along the rotation direction of the main shaft, and a brush and a servo motor connected with the main shaft through a speed reducer are arranged on the periphery of each spiral blade; the clean water tank comprises a clean water tank body communicated with the overflow water outlet channel, an inclined pipe seat fixedly arranged at the middle part of the clean water tank body, inclined pipes which are distributed in a honeycomb manner and are obliquely fixed at a preset angle on the inclined pipe seat, a triangular mud discharge weir arranged at the bottom of the clean water tank body and a water outlet pipe arranged at the top of the clean water tank body.
As a preferable scheme, the filler takes a plastic ring with the diameter of 12-15 cm as a framework, 20-25 cm of fiber is loaded on the surface of the plastic ring, and the plastic ring is connected in series and fixed through a support column.
As a preferred aspect, the aeration head includes: the solenoid valve, with the aeration nest of tubes that the solenoid valve is connected is helix evenly distributed aeration hole on the aeration nest of tubes, one end fixed mounting be on the aeration nest of tubes be helix distribution, and with the thread bush that the aeration hole was laminated each other sets up thread bush lateral surface, with the recess of predetermined angle slope, with thread bush one end is connected, places again piston on the aeration hole to and be used for supporting, fixing the elastic component of piston.
The invention also provides a medical sewage treatment method, which comprises the following steps:
s1, introducing the medical wastewater into a wastewater collection pool, adjusting the pH value to 6-8 by an alkali pump, and continuously aerating for 18-36 hours;
s2, sending the wastewater in the wastewater collection tank to a Fenton oxidation tank, adding acid to adjust the pH value to 2-3, then adding a ferric sulfate solution to 0.01-0.03 mmol/L and a hydrogen peroxide solution to 0.1-0.5 mmol/L, then carrying out Fenton oxidation for 24-48 h to remove organic substances in the wastewater,
s3, conveying the wastewater in the wastewater collection tank to a flocculation sedimentation tank, adding alkali to adjust the pH value to 9-10, adding a PAC solution, and separating through an inclined tube sedimentation tank;
s4, degrading biochemical pollutants in the upper-layer sewage separated by the inclined tube sedimentation tank through A/O biological contact oxidation in an anaerobic tank and a contact oxidation tank, and then separating solid and liquid in an MBR membrane tank to effectively retain microbial solids in the reactor;
and S5, introducing the lower layer sludge separated by the inclined tube sedimentation tank into a sludge concentration tank, adding a PAC solution and a PAM solution, further flocculating, and pressing into a filter cake through a plate and frame filter press for other treatment.
As a preferable scheme, a small amount of insoluble magnetic material is added to the PAC solution and the PAM solution.
As a preferable scheme, the sludge in the sludge concentration tank is firstly introduced into a high-speed shearing machine, the coagulated flocs are broken, the magnetic flocculant is screened out, and then the sludge flows out from a drain valve at the bottom and is introduced into a plate-and-frame filter press.
As a preferable scheme, the film forming method of the contact oxidation pond comprises the following steps: filling 35-40L of activated sludge into a plastic barrel with the volume of 50L, then putting a filler into the activated sludge, continuously performing closed aeration on the barrel through an air compressor during the period, adding sufficient monosodium glutamate waste liquid, glucose, ammonium carbonate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate mixed solution into the barrel every day, contacting the mixture with the sludge for 3-5 days, finally filling the filler into a biological contact oxidation column, and installing an aeration head at the bottom of the biological contact column.
As a preferable scheme, the film hanging method of the anaerobic tank comprises the following steps: filling 35-40L of activated sludge into a plastic barrel with the volume of 50L, then putting a filler into the activated sludge, adding sufficient monosodium glutamate waste liquid, glucose, ammonium carbonate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate mixed solution into the barrel every day without aeration, contacting the mixture with the sludge for 5-7 days, and finally filling the filler into a hydrolysis acidification column.
Has the advantages that: the invention relates to a medical sewage treatment system and a treatment method thereof, wherein electrolysis reaction and Fenton oxidation reaction are carried out at the same time and compensate each other, so that the degradation effect of micro-electrolysis and Fenton oxidation reaction can be fully exerted; the magnetic material is added into the sewage to have flocculation reaction with pollutants in the sewage, and then the separation speed is accelerated under the action of an external magnetic field. In the aspect of equipment, the inclined pipe in the flocculation sedimentation tank is designed into a honeycomb-shaped hexagonal pipeline, sewage is divided into a plurality of thin layers through the inclined pipe, the hydraulic radius of the sewage flowing in the inclined pipe is small, flocculation groups are favorably adsorbed and sedimentated, meanwhile, the area of the sedimentation tank is increased, the particle sedimentation distance is shortened, and the sedimentation efficiency is improved; through the rotatory spiral discharge rod in the flocculation and precipitation pond of periodic rotation, or with slower speed, discharge mud, avoid long-time mud to pile up, influence the normal use of flocculation and precipitation reaction integrated device.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the flocculation sedimentation tank of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the sludge discharge system of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a partially enlarged view of the chute of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of an aeration head according to the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the threaded sleeve of the present invention.
The reference signs are: the device comprises a flocculation tank body 1, a water inlet pipe 2, a rotating shaft 3, blades 4, a water outlet 5, a sedimentation tank body 6, an inclined pipe seat 7, an inclined pipe 8, an overflow water outlet channel 9, a triangular sludge discharge weir 10, a sludge discharge pipeline 11, a spiral discharge rod 12, a clear water tank body 13, a water outlet pipe 14, a control valve 15, a perforated aeration pipe 16, a main shaft 121, a spiral blade 122, a brush 123, an aeration pipe group 171, an aeration hole 172, a threaded sleeve 173, a groove 174, a piston 175 and an elastic piece 176.
Detailed Description
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a more thorough understanding of the present invention. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art, that the present invention may be practiced without one or more of these specific details. In other instances, well-known features have not been described in order to avoid obscuring the invention.
As shown in the attached figure 1, the medical sewage treatment system comprises a PLC full-automatic program which is sequentially connected: the system comprises a wastewater collection tank, a Fenton oxidation tank, a flocculation sedimentation tank, a biological contact oxidation tank, an MBR membrane tank and an aeration component.
The waste water collecting tank adopts a steel concrete structure and comprises a grid tank for collecting waste water and an open regulating tank for regulating the pH value of water quality; the Fenton oxidation pond performs Fenton oxidation to remove organic substances in the sewage and improve the biodegradability of the wastewater; the flocculation sedimentation tank comprises a flocculation tank for mixing a flocculating agent, an inclined tube sedimentation tank and a sludge concentration tank for sludge sedimentation, and a plate-and-frame filter press for separating sludge cakes; the biological contact oxidation tank adopts combined type double-ring packing, comprises a first-stage biological contact anaerobic tank and a first-stage contact oxidation tank, and degrades biochemical pollutants in sewage through A/O biological contact oxidation; an immersed flat membrane is arranged in the MBR membrane tank and is used for solid-liquid separation, microbial solids can be effectively retained in the reactor, and the stability of the effluent quality is ensured; the aeration component comprises an air blower and an aeration head which is connected with the air blower and is arranged at the bottom of the wastewater collection tank, the Fenton oxidation tank and the contact oxidation tank through a buried pipe.
In a further implementation, a micro-electrolysis device is installed on the Fenton oxidation cell. In the fenton reactor, the mixed solution of hydrogen peroxide and ferrous ions has strong oxidizing property, so that many known organic compounds such as carboxylic acid, alcohol and ester can be oxidized into inorganic state, and the oxidizing effect is very remarkable. The Fenton reagent with high capability of removing refractory organic pollutants is widely applied to the treatment of printing and dyeing wastewater, oily wastewater, phenol-containing wastewater, coking wastewater, nitrobenzene-containing wastewater, diphenylamine wastewater and other wastewater. Hydroxyl radicals are produced in the reaction, otherwise the oxidizability is not so strong. Thus, the chemical reaction occurring in fenton's reagent can be described by the following chemical reaction equation:
Fe2++H2O2→Fe3++OH-+OH·
as can be seen from the above formula, 1mol of H2O2With 1mol of Fe2+After the reaction, 1mol of Fe is generated3+With concomitant formation of 1mol of OH-1mol of hydroxyl radical is added. It is the presence of hydroxyl radicals that gives the fenton reagent a strong oxidizing power. The oxidation potential of OH radicals in solution at pH 4 was calculated to be as high as 2.73V. In nature, the oxidizing power is inferior to that of fluorine gas in solution. Thus, persistent organic compounds, particularly aromatic compounds and some heterocyclic compounds that are difficult to oxidize in conventional reagents, are all degraded by nonselective oxidation in the presence of fenton's reagent. The Fenton oxidation cell is provided with a micro-electrolysis device. As the Fenton oxidation proceeds, the pH is increased and Fe2+Will form Fe3+Fe produced by microelectrolytic electrochemical reactions, with loss of oxidizing effect2+Can supplement Fe consumed in Fenton oxidation reaction2+And the pH value in the system is maintained stable, so that the addition of Fe is not needed2+
In the further implementation process, in order to simultaneously carry out the electrolysis reaction and the Fenton oxidation reaction, the electrolysis reaction and the Fenton oxidation reaction are mutually compensated, and the double decontamination and degradation effects of the micro-electrolysis reaction and the Fenton oxidation reaction can be fully exerted. According to the Faraday's law electrolytic reaction process theory, under the condition of constant current intensity, theoretically, Fe3+The amount of reduced material was:
Figure BDA0002526751230000051
wherein F is the Faraday constant, AmIs the area of the cathode plate, I is the electrolytic current intensity, Fe3+Reduction to Fe2+The number of electrons required is equal to 1.
In fact, Fe3+The actual mass of the reduced material is:
Figure BDA0002526751230000052
wherein V is the sewage volume; c is Fe in sewage3+T is the reaction time.
In the Fenton oxidation reaction, Fe2+The reaction rates of (a) and (b) were:
Figure BDA0002526751230000053
wherein, C0、R0、S0Respectively the concentrations of a reducing substance, ferrous ions and hydrogen peroxide in the sewage; a. b and c are reaction stages of reducing substances, ferrous ions and hydrogen peroxide in the sewage.
To ensure Fe2+Dynamic equilibrium in the reaction cell, Fe2+The consumption rate and the replenishment rate are substantially the same. Defined as the current efficiency of the electrolytic reduction of an organic substance, the electrolytic efficiency thereof conforms to the following equation.
Figure BDA0002526751230000054
Wherein ce is current efficiency and is related to parameters of the micro-electrolysis device, F is Faraday constant, V is sewage volume, I is electrolysis current intensity, and Fe is3+Reduction to Fe2+The number of electrons required, equal to 1, C0、R0、S0Respectively the concentrations of a reducing substance, ferrous ions and hydrogen peroxide in the sewage; a. b and c are reaction stages of reducing substances, ferrous ions and hydrogen peroxide in the sewage.
In a further implementation, as shown in fig. 2, the flocculation basin comprises: the system comprises a flocculation tank, a sedimentation tank, a sludge discharge system and a clean water tank.
The flocculation basin includes: flocculation box 1, inlet tube 2, pivot 3, paddle 4 and delivery port 5. The water inlet pipe 2 is arranged at the top of one end of the flocculation box body 1, the rotating shaft 3 is fixedly arranged on a central axis of the flocculation box body 1 through a sealing bearing, the blades 4 which are uniformly distributed in a spiral shape are arranged on the rotating shaft 3, and a water outlet 5 is arranged at the bottom of the other end of the flocculation box body 1. Wherein, a flow control device is arranged on the water inlet pipe 2. The flow control device comprises a control valve 15 for controlling the flow of the water inlet pipe 2 and a flow monitor at one side of the control valve 15 close to the flocculation tank body 1; and the control valve 15 and the flow monitor are electrically connected with an industrial personal computer. The sewage that will mix there is the flocculating agent passes through inlet tube 2 and gets into flocculation box 1, is adjusted the sewage size by flow control device, and sewage flows downwards from the eminence along paddle 4, does work to paddle 4, stirs the sewage in the flocculation basin, forms convection current, turbulent flow to improve the combination degree of sewage and flocculating agent, then flow 5 effluviums moving the delivery port. The whole stirring process does not work by introducing other power equipment, the whole mixing process is relatively mild and stable, the size of the formed flocculation group is relatively consistent, the damage to the flocculation group caused by external equipment during high-speed stirring is avoided, and the precipitation efficiency is improved.
The sedimentation tank includes: the device comprises a sedimentation box body 6, an inclined pipe seat 7, an inclined pipe 8, an overflow water outlet channel 9 and a triangular mud discharge weir 10, wherein the sedimentation box body 6 is separated by weir plates to form a multistage sedimentation tank, the middle part of the sedimentation box body 6 is fixedly provided with the inclined pipe seat 7, as shown in figure 4, the inclined pipe seat 7 is obliquely and fixedly provided with the inclined pipe 8 distributed in a honeycomb shape at a preset angle, the overflow water outlet channel 9 is an area between the top of the inclined pipe seat 7 and the sedimentation box body 6, and the bottom of the sedimentation box body 6 is uniformly provided with the triangular mud discharge weir 10; perforated aeration pipes 16 are uniformly distributed on the overflow water outlet channel 9. When sewage with a large amount of flocculation groups enters the sedimentation tank, the sewage is divided into a plurality of thin layers through the inclined tube 8, the hydraulic radius of the sewage flowing in the inclined tube 8 is very small, the flocculation groups are adsorbed and precipitated, meanwhile, the area of the sedimentation tank is increased, the particle precipitation distance is shortened, the sedimentation efficiency is improved, the flocculation groups finally fall into the triangular sludge discharge weir 10 at the bottom, and clear water enters the overflow water outlet channel 9 and is discharged through aeration. In the further implementation process, as shown in fig. 3, the inclined tube 8 is a hexagonal pipe made of polyethylene, and the inclined tube is installed on the inclined tube base 7 in parallel at an angle of 60-75 °.
The sludge discharge system comprises a sludge discharge pipeline 11 arranged between the triangular sludge discharge weirs 10 and a spiral discharge rod 12 arranged inside the sludge discharge pipeline 11; the clean water tank comprises a clean water tank body 13 communicated with the overflow water outlet channel 9, an inclined pipe seat 7 fixedly arranged at the middle part of the sedimentation tank body 6, inclined pipes 8 which are obliquely fixed on the inclined pipe seat 7 at a preset angle and distributed in a honeycomb manner, and a water outlet pipe 14 arranged at the top of the clean water tank body 13. As shown in fig. 3, the spiral discharging rod 12 includes a main shaft 121, a spiral blade 122 on the same side of the rotation direction of the main shaft 121, and a brush 123 is disposed on the outer periphery of the spiral blade 122. The main shaft 121 is connected with a handle through a crank, or the main shaft 121 is connected with a small motor through a reducer. High concentration's sewage is piled up between mud weir 10 is arranged to the triangle, then gets into row's mud pipeline 11, through the periodic rotation, or with the rotatory spiral discharge bar 12 of slower speed, discharges mud, avoids long-time mud to pile up, influences flocculation and precipitation reaction integrated device's normal use. Because the sludge is mostly organic matter and has certain corrosion to the pipe wall, the brush 123 is arranged at the periphery of the helical blade 122, so that the sludge adsorbed on the inner wall of the sludge discharge pipeline 11 can be cleaned in time, and the sludge discharge pipeline 11 is protected.
In the further implementation process, the flocculation tank body 1 and the sedimentation tank body 6 are both made of carbon steel, and the inner walls of the flocculation tank body and the sedimentation tank body are coated with a layer of glass fiber reinforced plastics. Because the roughness of glass steel is lower, the adsorption effect to the flocculation group is less, can reduce later stage cleaning cost.
The clean water basin includes: a clear water tank body 13, an inclined pipe seat 7, an inclined pipe 8, a triangular mud discharging weir 10 and a water outlet pipe 14. Clear water box 13 overflow outlet channel 9 is linked together, and pipe chute seat 7 fixed mounting is in clear water box 13 middle part, and the pipe chute 8 that is the honeycomb distribution is fixed with predetermined angle slope on the pipe chute seat 7 clear water box 13 bottom is provided with triangle mud weir 10, and sets up the outlet pipe 14 at clear water box 13 top. Wherein a flow control device is provided on the outlet pipe 14. The flow control device comprises a control valve 15 for controlling the flow of the water outlet pipe 14 and a flow monitor at one side of the control valve 15 close to the flocculation tank body; and the control valve 15 and the flow monitor are electrically connected with an industrial personal computer. Further precipitating and adsorbing by the inclined pipe 8 to finally obtain clear water with lower sludge concentration, and finally discharging from the water outlet pipe 14 by the control valve 15.
In the further implementation process, the filler takes a plastic ring with the diameter of 12-15 cm as a framework, 20-25 cm of fiber is loaded on the surface of the plastic ring, and the plastic rings are connected in series and fixed through support columns. Compared with the traditional filler, the invention has small specific gravity; the aging is not easy; the film is easy to hang and release; the biomass is large after hanging; the specific surface area is large; the price is low; the stability of the biological and chemical substances is good; the installation is easy.
In a further implementation, as shown in fig. 5 and fig. 6, the aeration head includes: the aeration device comprises an electromagnetic valve, an aeration pipe group 171 connected with the electromagnetic valve, aeration holes 172 uniformly distributed on the aeration pipe group 171 in a spiral line shape, a threaded sleeve 173 with one end fixedly mounted on the aeration pipe group 171 in a spiral line shape and attached to the aeration holes 172, a groove 174 arranged on the side surface of the threaded sleeve 173 and inclined at a preset angle, a piston 175 connected with one end of the threaded sleeve 173 and placed on the aeration holes 172, and an elastic piece 176 for supporting and fixing the piston 175. The gas is cut into a plurality of fine bubbles through the groove 174 at one side of the screw boss 173. During long-term use, due to microbial parasitism and other reasons, the groove 174 is blocked, at the moment, the pressure in the aeration pipe set 171 is increased, the piston 175 is pushed to move outwards, the threaded sleeve 173 is pulled, the distance between the threaded sleeves 173 is increased, the air flow is increased, deposits in the groove 174 are blown away, the groove 174 is unblocked, the piston 175 returns to the initial position again under the action of the elastic piece 176, and the aeration hole 172 and the groove 174 return to normal aeration. The aeration system is the key equipment of the biological treatment, and the common aerator (pipe) has low oxygen transfer rate and high maintenance frequency, while the aeration system is arranged at the bottom of the equipment, so the maintenance is particularly difficult. The size of the oxygen charging capacity and the oxygen transfer rate of the aerator (pipe) are directly related to the growth and reproduction of microorganisms, namely the treatment effect of the system is directly influenced, and meanwhile, the service life and the maintenance frequency of the aerator (pipe) directly influence the convenience of the operation and management of equipment. The use effect and the service life of the microporous aerator are ensured. The aeration head of the invention perfectly overcomes the problems.
The invention also provides a medical sewage treatment method, which comprises the following steps:
s1, introducing the medical wastewater into a wastewater collection pool, adjusting the pH value to 6-8 by an alkali pump, and continuously aerating for 18-36 hours;
s2, sending the wastewater in the wastewater collection tank to a Fenton oxidation tank, adding acid to adjust the pH value to 2-3, then adding a ferric sulfate solution to 0.01-0.03 mmol/L and a hydrogen peroxide solution to 0.1-0.5 mmol/L, then carrying out Fenton oxidation for 24-48 h to remove organic substances in the wastewater,
s3, conveying the wastewater in the wastewater collection tank to a flocculation sedimentation tank, adding alkali to adjust the pH value to 9-10, adding a PAC solution, and separating through an inclined tube sedimentation tank;
s4, degrading biochemical pollutants in the upper-layer sewage separated by the inclined tube sedimentation tank through A/O biological contact oxidation in an anaerobic tank and a contact oxidation tank, and then separating solid and liquid in an MBR membrane tank to effectively retain microbial solids in the reactor;
and S5, introducing the lower layer sludge separated by the inclined tube sedimentation tank into a sludge concentration tank, adding a PAC solution and a PAM solution, further flocculating, and pressing into a filter cake through a plate and frame filter press for other treatment.
In a further implementation, a small amount of insoluble magnetic material is added to the PAC solution, PAM solution. And the sludge in the sludge concentration tank is firstly introduced into a high-speed shearing machine, the coagulated flocs are crushed, the magnetic flocculant is screened out, and then the sludge flows out from a drain valve at the bottom and is introduced into a plate-and-frame filter press. The magnetic material is added into the sewage to have flocculation reaction with pollutants in the sewage, and then the separation speed is accelerated under the action of an external magnetic field.
In the further implementation process, the film hanging method of the contact oxidation pond comprises the following steps: filling 35-40L of activated sludge into a plastic barrel with the volume of 50L, then putting a filler into the activated sludge, continuously performing closed aeration on the barrel through an air compressor during the period, adding sufficient monosodium glutamate waste liquid, glucose, ammonium carbonate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate mixed solution into the barrel every day, contacting the mixture with the sludge for 3-5 days, finally filling the filler into a biological contact oxidation column, and installing an aeration head at the bottom of the biological contact column.
In a further implementation process, the biofilm formation method of the anaerobic pond comprises the following steps: filling 35-40L of activated sludge into a plastic barrel with the volume of 50L, then putting a filler into the activated sludge, adding sufficient monosodium glutamate waste liquid, glucose, ammonium carbonate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate mixed solution into the barrel every day without aeration, contacting the mixture with the sludge for 5-7 days, and finally filling the filler into a hydrolysis acidification column. The method is characterized in that activated sludge is directly coated in fillers in a hanging manner, the monosodium glutamate waste liquid contains nutrient components required by various microorganisms, the survival activity of the microorganisms can be effectively improved, the propagation speed of the microorganisms is improved, a biological film is quickly formed, and the normal use of a sewage tank is quickly realized; the contact oxidation pond further oxidizes the hydrolysate into inorganic matters by using aerobic bacteria on the biological membrane, and most of organic pollutants in the sewage are removed.
The invention will be further described with reference to engineering examples, which are intended to illustrate the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
Engineering embodiments
In the engineering example, the company is Nanjing RuiTaking a sewage design project of an Ermedicine company Limited as an example, the total water discharge of the original ring assessment complex is 15320t/a, the use and discharge conditions of the waste water of the existing project are checked according to the actual conditions of an enterprise, compared with the original ring assessment report, the checking pure water is added to prepare concentrated water, physicochemical laboratory waste water and laboratory waste gas spray tower waste water, and the increase of the waste water is 4423 t/a; meanwhile, the amount of actual domestic wastewater and production cleaning wastewater of enterprises is reduced by 7082t/a compared with the original environmental assessment, so that the actual total water discharge of the existing project is 12661t/a, and finally the amount of wastewater is reduced by 2659 t/a. After the project is built, an enterprise modifies the existing sewage station, Fenton oxidation and coagulating sedimentation are added before the existing treatment process of A/O biological contact oxidation and MBR membrane filtration, the whole plant wastewater adopts the process of Fenton reaction, flocculating sedimentation, A/O biological contact oxidation and MBR membrane filtration, and the treatment capacity is 80m3And d, by adopting measures of taking new and old waste water, the removal rate of the COD and SS pollutants in the waste water of the existing project is further increased, and the discharge amount of the COD and SS pollutants in the waste water is reduced.
The main total water amount of the project is 80 tons/day according to the water amount provided by Nanjing Ruire medicine company, the project research and development process extraction and washing layering are the mixing process of water and organic solvent, the water phase and the oil phase are separated by standing, wherein the product dissolved in the oil phase enters the subsequent reaction process, the concentration of organic matters in the water phase is higher, the water amount is smaller, in order to reduce the treatment load of a sewage station, the amount of waste water separated by standing and layering of the project process washing is 13.124t/a, and the waste water is treated as dangerous waste, so that the project does not generate process cleaning waste water. The wastewater discharged in the research and development process of the project mainly comprises equipment cleaning wastewater, ground washing water, waste gas treatment wastewater, pure water preparation waste water and domestic sewage.
Equipment cleaning wastewater: the production equipment of vitamin D2 and dextromethorphan, two construction projects of a pilot-scale platform project environment influence evaluation report 175 of Nanjing Ruire medicine Limited company, is special equipment, different reaction processes of products can share a reaction kettle, the reaction kettle does not need to be cleaned in a unified batch research and development process, when the shared reaction kettle is changed into a research and development batch, the equipment needs to be cleaned, the cleaning water quantity of the production equipment is about 3.2m3/a, the volatilization loss is calculated by 10%, and the generated equipment cleaning wastewater is about 3m 3/a.
Washing waste water on the ground: the ground washing water quantity produced by the construction project is about 154.8m3/a, and the volatilization loss is calculated by 10 percent, so that the ground washing wastewater is 139m 3/a.
Waste gas treatment wastewater: the absorption liquid of the absorption device enters a sewage station for treatment in the project waste gas treatment process, and the yield of the absorption waste water of the project waste gas is about 464m3/a considering 10 percent of volatilization loss.
Preparing waste water by pure water: the pure water consumption of the project is 14.536m3/a, the pure water preparation efficiency is 60%, the fresh water consumption is 24.536m3/a, and the pure water generation concentrated water is about 10m 3/a.
Domestic sewage: the water consumption of the project for domestic use is 180m3/a, the drainage of domestic sewage is 80 percent of the water consumption, and the quantity of the domestic sewage is 144m 3/a.
In the design process, the original civil engineering and the pool body are utilized as much as possible, the equipment can be utilized completely, and the investment is reduced. The pollutants in the sewage have stable chemical structure and great treatment difficulty, and the expected purpose is difficult to achieve by adopting the traditional physicochemical or biochemical method. In engineering practice, on the basis of mastering the components and properties of organic pollutants in the wastewater, a proper pretreatment method is selected to improve the B/C and biochemical effects of aerobic biochemical treatment of the wastewater and improve the nutrition required by biochemical treatment for the wastewater. The comprehensive wastewater has high COD, and needs to be pretreated to degrade macromolecular organic matters into micromolecular organic matters. Improve the biodegradability, (high concentration waste water is useless as the danger), promote the reaction tank through the elevator pump and add sour acidizing and handle, add hydrogen peroxide solution, after ferrous sulfate, carry out the PH callback, waste water after the processing is to getting into the pipe chute sedimentation tank, goes out water and gets into system A/0+ MBR pond at present, the hollow fiber membrane that present MBR was used, life is short, blocks up easily, this position flat sheet membrane is reformed transform to this, biochemical dwell time is adjusted simultaneously.
The specific equipment selection is as follows: the waste water collecting tank (original) is convenient for the rear unit to be stable because waste water enters the front section to separate oil, and the collecting tank with the function of adjusting water quality and water quantity is required to be arranged for enabling the subsequent treatment process to stably run for a long time. The concrete pump is a steel concrete structure, the effective volume of the concrete pump is 20 tons, and a lifting pump is arranged, the model number of the lifting pump is WQ50-8-15-1.5, Q is 8m3/H, and H is 15 m.
Fenton oxidation pond + PH callback pond (newly-built), its equipment size: 4000X 1500X 2000mm throughput: 4m3/h, and equipped with a dosing device: JY-7, sulfuric acid, ferrous sulfate, hydrogen peroxide, sodium hydroxide, PAC, PAM, an ammonia nitrogen remover, a dosing pump dosing barrel 1m3 and a dosing pump 100 l/h.
Flocculation sedimentation tank (newly-built), its equipment size: 2500X 1500X 4000 mm; the design water quantity is 1.5m3H, residence time of 1.5h, effective volume of 1.5m3Adopting a Q235-A rubber-lined anticorrosive material as an inner wall; and is equipped with a dosing device: JY-1, alkali, a medicine adding barrel 1m3 and a medicine adding pump 180 l/h.
Sludge concentration tank (improved) with effective volume of 5m3And is equipped with sludge tank, phi 1000 x 2500, stirrer and sludge hopper, sludge screw pump G42-2, Q is 6m3/H, H is 120 m. The plate-and-frame filter press is XMY-20-630-UB.
MBR tank (modified) and submerged flat membrane in it, wherein the retention time of sewage is 6.0h and effective volume is 20m3The gas-water ratio is 20: 1, wherein each group of membranes has the area of 200m2Total area of module membrane 200m2The water yield of the monolithic membrane is 0.4m3/d, and the total water yield is 80m3/d.
The aeration head is produced by the company, and has the specification and model OMT300, the structure of which is shown as the above, and the typical value of the air volume is as follows: 5. + -.2 Nm3The effective water depth is 2.5-4.5m, the membrane is made of EPDM, the main body is made of reinforced polypropylene, and the service area is 0.5m2The bubble size is 0.8-1.9mm and the pressure drop at maximum gas flow is 47 mbar.
The specification model of the blower is HC-801S, the power is 4.0kw, and the outlet aperture is DN 80; the connecting air pipe is a seamless galvanized pipe/buried ABS, and is matched with an inlet and outlet silencer, a pressure gauge, a safety valve, an air filter screen, a soft joint and other equipment.
An emergency pool (newly built) for meeting the environmental evaluation requirement and having an area of 250m3The dimension of the concrete is 14000 multiplied by 5000 multiplied by 3500mm, the concrete is made into a steel concrete structure, can be arranged underground and adjusted according to the field.
The electric control cabinet, the equipment which needs to realize manual/automatic function, must have the corresponding automatic control interface in the equipment control electric loop, the electric control cabinet can provide the following passive contact signal to the automatic control system, and receive the control signal of the control system.
Based on the equipment and the method, the wastewater generation and discharge conditions of the project and the data indexes of the wastewater of the process project of 'Fenton reaction + flocculation precipitation + A/O biological contact oxidation + MBR membrane filtration' are adopted. As in the following table:
TABLE 4.4.1-1 summary of the wastewater generation and discharge conditions of this project
Figure BDA0002526751230000121
As can be seen from the above table, the wastewater after the project is built is far superior to the three-level discharge standard after being treated.
It should be noted that the various features described in the above embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner without departing from the scope of the invention. The invention is not described in detail in order to avoid unnecessary repetition.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a medicine sewage treatment system which characterized in that, including adopting the full-automatic procedure of PLC to connect gradually:
the waste water collecting tank adopts a steel concrete structure and comprises a grid tank for collecting waste water and an open regulating tank for regulating the pH value of water quality;
the Fenton oxidation tank is used for carrying out Fenton oxidation to remove organic substances in the sewage and improve the biodegradability of the wastewater;
the flocculation sedimentation tank comprises a flocculation tank for mixing a flocculating agent, an inclined tube sedimentation tank and a sludge concentration tank for sludge sedimentation, and a plate-and-frame filter press for separating sludge cakes;
the biological contact oxidation tank adopts combined double-ring packing, comprises a first-stage biological contact anaerobic tank and a first-stage contact oxidation tank, and degrades biochemical pollutants in the sewage through A/O biological contact oxidation;
an MBR membrane tank, in which an immersion flat membrane is arranged for solid-liquid separation, and microorganism solids can be effectively retained in the reactor, thereby ensuring the stability of the effluent quality;
and the aeration component comprises an air blower and an aeration head which is connected with the air blower and is arranged at the bottom of the wastewater collection tank, the Fenton oxidation tank and the contact oxidation tank through a buried pipe.
2. The medical wastewater treatment system according to claim 1, wherein the Fenton oxidation pond is provided with a micro-electrolysis device.
3. The pharmaceutical wastewater treatment system of claim 2, wherein the current of the micro-electrolysis device conforms to the following equation:
Figure 665569DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
wherein,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
for current efficiency, it is related to the parameters of the micro-electrolysis device itself;Fis the Faraday constant; v is the sewage volume;
Figure 753610DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
the current intensity of electrolysis; will be provided with
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
Is reduced to
Figure 489485DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
The number of electrons required, equal to 1;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
Figure 593445DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE009
respectively the concentrations of a reducing substance, ferrous ions and hydrogen peroxide in the sewage;
Figure 996745DEST_PATH_IMAGE010
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE011
Figure 193371DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
the reaction order of reducing substances, ferrous ions and hydrogen peroxide in the sewage.
4. The medical wastewater treatment system according to claim 1, wherein the flocculation sedimentation tank comprises:
the flocculation tank comprises a flocculation box body, a water inlet pipe arranged at the top of one end of the flocculation box body, a rotating shaft fixedly arranged on the central axis of the flocculation box body through a sealing bearing, blades which are arranged on the rotating shaft and are uniformly distributed in a spiral shape, and a water outlet arranged at the bottom of the other end of the flocculation box body;
the sedimentation tank comprises a multistage sedimentation tank body, an inclined pipe seat fixedly arranged in the middle of the sedimentation tank body, inclined pipes which are obliquely fixed on the inclined pipe seat at a preset angle and distributed in a honeycomb manner, an overflow water outlet channel formed between the top of the inclined pipe seat and the sedimentation tank body, and a plurality of triangular sludge discharge weirs uniformly distributed at the bottom of the sedimentation tank body;
the sludge discharge system comprises a sludge discharge pipeline arranged between the triangular sludge discharge weirs, a main shaft arranged in the sludge discharge pipeline, spiral blades on the same side along the rotation direction of the main shaft, and a brush and a servo motor connected with the main shaft through a speed reducer, wherein the periphery of each spiral blade is provided with the servo motor;
the clean water tank comprises a clean water tank body communicated with the overflow water outlet channel, an inclined pipe seat fixedly arranged at the middle part of the clean water tank body, inclined pipes which are distributed in a honeycomb manner and are obliquely fixed at a preset angle on the inclined pipe seat, a triangular mud discharge weir arranged at the bottom of the clean water tank body and a water outlet pipe arranged at the top of the clean water tank body.
5. The medical sewage treatment system of claim 1, wherein the filler is a plastic ring with a diameter of 12-15 cm as a framework, fibers with a diameter of 20-25 cm are loaded on the surface of the plastic ring, and the plastic rings are connected in series and fixed through support columns.
6. The medical wastewater treatment system according to claim 1, wherein the aeration head comprises: the solenoid valve, with the aeration nest of tubes that the solenoid valve is connected is helix evenly distributed aeration hole on the aeration nest of tubes, one end fixed mounting be on the aeration nest of tubes be helix distribution, and with the thread bush that the aeration hole was laminated each other sets up thread bush lateral surface, with the recess of predetermined angle slope, with thread bush one end is connected, places again piston on the aeration hole to and be used for supporting, fixing the elastic component of piston.
7. A medical sewage treatment method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, introducing the medical wastewater into a wastewater collection pool, adjusting the pH value to 6-8 by an alkali pump, and continuously aerating for 18-36 hours;
s2, sending the wastewater in the wastewater collection tank to a Fenton oxidation tank, adding acid to adjust the pH value to 2-3, then adding a ferric sulfate solution to 0.01-0.03 mmol/L and a hydrogen peroxide solution to 0.1-0.5 mmol/L, then carrying out Fenton oxidation for 24-48 h to remove organic substances in the wastewater,
s3, conveying the wastewater in the wastewater collection tank to a flocculation sedimentation tank, adding alkali to adjust the pH value to 9-10, adding a PAC solution, and separating through an inclined tube sedimentation tank;
s4, degrading biochemical pollutants in the upper-layer sewage separated by the inclined tube sedimentation tank through A/O biological contact oxidation in an anaerobic tank and a contact oxidation tank, and then separating solid and liquid in an MBR membrane tank to effectively retain microbial solids in the reactor;
and S5, introducing the lower layer sludge separated by the inclined tube sedimentation tank into a sludge concentration tank, adding a PAC solution and a PAM solution, further flocculating, and pressing into a filter cake through a plate and frame filter press for other treatment.
8. The medical wastewater treatment method according to claim 7, wherein a small amount of insoluble magnetic material is added to the PAC solution or the PAM solution.
9. The medical wastewater treatment method according to claim 7, wherein the sludge in the sludge concentration tank is first fed into a high-speed shearing machine to break up coagulated flocs and screen out magnetic flocculants, and then the sludge is discharged from a drain valve at the bottom and fed into a plate and frame filter press.
10. The medical wastewater treatment method according to claim 7, wherein the membrane hanging method of the contact oxidation pond comprises the following steps: filling 35-40L of activated sludge into a plastic barrel with the volume of 50L, then putting a filler into the activated sludge, continuously performing closed aeration on the barrel through an air compressor during the period, adding sufficient monosodium glutamate waste liquid, glucose, ammonium carbonate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate mixed solution into the barrel every day, contacting the mixture with the sludge for 3-5 days, finally filling the filler into a biological contact oxidation column, and installing an aeration head at the bottom of the biological contact column;
the film forming method of the anaerobic tank comprises the following steps: filling 35-40L of activated sludge into a plastic barrel with the volume of 50L, then putting a filler into the activated sludge, adding sufficient monosodium glutamate waste liquid, glucose, ammonium carbonate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate mixed solution into the barrel every day without aeration, contacting the mixture with the sludge for 5-7 days, and finally filling the filler into a hydrolysis acidification column.
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